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Western Missionaries in China, 2007.
This paper discusses the influence of Western missionaries on Chinese culture and ideals.
2,154 words (approx. 8.6 pages), 7 sources, MLA, AU$ 107.95
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Abstract
This essay considers the distinctive functions of Western missionaries in nineteenth century China and why they became the carriers and promoters of capitalistic, Western Cultures. Through the examination of China's history, including the Opium war and the Boxer Rebellion, the paper determines the influence of Western missionaries upon Chinese culture and how this affected China and her people. The paper shows how these missionaries were seeking to implement change through Western ideals and values that were and still are meaningless to the majority of the Chinese people.
Outline:
Introduction
A Global View of China's History With The West
Missionary Zeal and the Boxer Rebellion
Why Western Missionaries Became the Carrier of Chinese
From the Paper
"Portuguese merchants and Catholic missionaries, who arrived in China during the late sixteenth century, were the first important cultural meetings between China and Europe. And it was through such missionaries, and their converts, that Christianity was introduced into mainland China throughout the seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries. However, due to the fear of Catholic influence among the Chinese imperial rulers, Christianity was banned in China from 1724-1860. Throughout this period, therefore, missionary efforts were concentrated on other Southeast Asian countries, as the missionaries waited for China to reopen its boarders to foreigners (High Beam Encyclopaedia, Online Article, 2007)."
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History of Christian Missionaries and Teachers, 2006.
This paper examines the history and modern practices of missionaries.
2,250 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 4 sources, AU$ 141.95
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Abstract
This paper explores missionary activity from a perspective of history and education. The author examines the long historical existence of missionary activity. Additionally, the paper discusses the relationship between the missionary and his target. The author points out that modern missionaries often do not include the individual of another religion in philosophical discussions, thereby limiting his ability to probe further into the philosophy of the new religion.
From the Paper
"Missionaries and teachers of religious faiths have existed throughout history as individuals that spread religious beliefs outside of the immediate realm of their communities. Missionaries have been evident, therefore, in almost every faith, as religious groups have sought to teach others about their forms of worship. Yet, individuals such as Thomas Groome (1982) have contended that many modern teaching attempts in relation to religion neglect to include the learner in the process of discussing faith, and that a "shared praxis" in which religious discussion is a communication between the educator and learner leads to universal understanding among individuals of all faiths. This is evident because individuals approach any form of learning from their own backgrounds that include cultural identities, societal and economic levels, and personal beliefs. Robert Pazmino (2001) focuses on the concept of "content, people, and context", referring to the ideology that educators in Christian faith must recall that the..."
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Christian Educational Missionaries in Korea, 2002.
A look at the social contribution of Christian educational missionaries in Korea.
2,900 words (approx. 11.6 pages), 12 sources, AU$ 170.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at Christian educational missionaries in Korea. This paper looks at why Christianity was adopted easily and soon became indigenized, as not evidenced in many non-western settings.
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Christian Missionaries, 2002.
This paper provides a comparison of militaristic missionary policy and the commune orientated monastic policy of early Christianity in Europe.
1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 2 sources, AU$ 70.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the nature of Christian missionaries and the aggressive means that they used to convert their followers. The writer explains that by studying the writings of St. Benedict, one can see comparisons to Boniface and Leona in this progressive missionary style.
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Franciscan Missionaries and Society in Moldavia, 2002.
This paper is a serious work that evaluates various aspects of the society in the Danubian principalities during the first half of the 17th century, focusing specifically on both popular and official religious characteristics of the society as well as on
17,200 words (approx. 68.8 pages), 39 sources, MLA, AU$ 396.95
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Abstract
The paper consists of three chapters, an introductory part and conclusions. The introduction defines the topic, the sources, the method and the structure. As the thesis refers to Franciscans and their reports, the first chapter provides a brief insight into their organization, their reasons for coming to the region, the relationship between them and the local power, and among themselves. The second chapter deals with the local clergy and its everyday life, stressing both its way of following church cannons and the coexistence with the clergy belonging to other religions. The third chapter deals with the society and is divided in two subchapters. The first one concern the society itself, focusing on its patterns of behavior in certain occasions, mentality, customs, ethnicity and education. The second subchapter is dedicated to religion, both the official religion and the popular one, which includes local beliefs mingled with Christian dogma and miracles. The last part consists of the conclusions drawn from the paper, highlighting its outcomes.
From the Paper
"Knowledge of the reports written by the Franciscan missionaries is valuable for any historiography of the countries that were comprised within partibus infidelium where the Franciscans were active. Their reports are written in different styles suitable for different approaches, from demographic or culinary history to political history. Naturally, the accounts of the Franciscans proved valuable for Romanian historiography as well. However little use of the new trends was made and they were employed mainly as a source that stressed the political history. Therefore as previous research disregarded the potential of the reports for social history, there is a certain gap in the field."
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Understanding China, 2006.
This paper examines the rich history, economy and culture of China as depicted in John Bryan Starr's "Understanding China: A Guide to China's Economy, History and Political Structure."
1,414 words (approx. 5.7 pages), 2 sources, APA, AU$ 75.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews "Understanding China: A Guide to China's Economy, History and Political Structure" by John Bryan Starr. This paper discusses China's ancient culture and its emergence as one of the foremost powers in the modern world. This paper focuses on China's recent admission to the World Trade Organization and as well as its economy which is set to become the largest in the world within the next few years. The writer of this paper examines China's political history and contends that in spite of the country's numerous transformations, the structure of the government is today fundamentally identical with what it was under the later imperial dynasties. Today, there is no emperor at the top, but instead a small committee of the leading members of various political parties who hold much the same position. Although there had been significant changes in China's economy, few political changes transpired. The communists still hold a monopoly of power and although its economic policies scarcely seem to be communist anymore, it does not intend to relax its political grip.
From the Paper
"Starr contends that China remains one of the most self-contained and hence inscrutable countries in the world. It has an ancient culture of major historical importance, and has been emerging as one of the foremost powers of the modern world. It is the third largest country in the world and certainly the most populous, with about one-fifth of the world's total population. Modern communications make it as easy to reach Beijing from London or New York as it is to get to Singapore or Nairobi. Yet China remains little known and poorly understood; few foreigners learn its language or study its history and culture. Although foreign trade and tourism have increased dramatically in the last decade, they are only very slowly leading to any changes in foreign perceptions of China."
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USA and China Hostilities, 2008.
This paper addresses the issues of America's trade imbalance with China and China's industrial spying.
1,396 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 6 sources, MLA, AU$ 74.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses America's trade imbalance with China that is fueled by China's failure to prevent copyright infringement and the sale of counterfeit goods as well as China's artificial currency devaluation. The paper also looks at the issue of Chinese spies stealing industrial secrets from American and European firms. The paper provides suggestions for improvement and argues that America needs to peacefully use their economic position to force China to compete fairly. The paper asserts that America should use legal, diplomatic and media pressure to force China to behave ethically.
From the Paper
"The United States and China have a long history of hostility and distrust. In recent years this hostility has centered on several economic issues. These include America's trade imbalance with China, a deficit fueled in part by a huge Chinese market in pirated American intellectual property and brand name knock-offs. Further, U.S. and European firms claim that Chinese industrial spies have stolen technology for products ranging from computer chips to cruise missiles."
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Doing Business with China, 2006.
This paper examines "Big Dragon China's Future: What it Means for Business, the Economy, and the Global Order" by Daniel Burstein and Arne de Keijzer who both contend that China is well on its way to becoming the world's largest economy.
2,496 words (approx. 10.0 pages), 2 sources, APA, AU$ 120.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews Burstein and de Keijzer's "Big Dragon China's Future: What it Means for Business, the Economy, and the Global Order" in which both authors predict that by the 2030s China will be the world's largest economy. This paper discusses the various companies that have suffered due to the shifting politics of foreign policy between China being in favor one day and out the next. This paper also details the views of Jeffrey Garten, a writer for "Harvard Business Review" who sees China as enticement for foreign investors, yet stresses caution should be used in developing any business relationship with China. This well-written paper covers several areas regarding China's economy including a U.S. initiative supporting China's membership in the World Trade Organization, expansion of U.S. public-private partnerships to invest and help solve particular problems in China and development of China's policy mutually with U.S. allies. "Big Dragon" profiles many individual Chinese entrepreneurs and others who are bringing a new China into being. This paper also focuses on Zhang Wei, one of China's more successful entrepreneurs, who went from government researcher to heading a company employing 400 in only three years. Despite the differences between practices in China and other countries, many corporations are willing to take a big gamble on China, seeing that their future is dependent on their performance in China.
From the Paper
"Over the course of his history, Zhang has captured the essence of the Chinese business world of "catch-as-catch-can". His corporation has various types of holdings, often-different one from the other. Zhang has bridged the gap across the Pacific with the United States with his position of "master franchise holder in China" of an American company, Fun World. What makes this situation particularly unique is that it is one of the first companies in China "to buy an interest in a U.S. company." At the time Big Dragon was written, Zhang was "negotiating an arrangement that would shift manufacturing of all the equipment for the centers to China." Zhang hopes to take the U.S. company over altogether, including the export of the concept to "other countries and selling the franchisees Chinese-made equipment." Zhang has encountered some problems along the way, problems that are compounded by China's culture and lack of laws, which govern specific business issues. One is that franchisees have stolen the company name and have opened their own centers."
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China and Taiwan: Compromise or Confrontation, 2002.
Discussion of the relationship between Nationalist China and Communist China.
2,400 words (approx. 9.6 pages), 8 sources, AU$ 141.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the history of the hostile relationship between Nationalist China and Communist China in terms of past conflict, disparate ideologies, and the present dispute over the status of Taiwan.
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The Future of China, 2002.
Discusses the rise of criminal syndicates in China and their affect on China's political and economic progress.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 5 sources, AU$ 56.95
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Abstract
Few would dispute that China has acquired considerable economic and political powers in the region. Despite achieving progress, liberal economic policies in China have caused many social ills including the rise of criminal syndicates. This paper examines the recent rise of crime in China placing it in the context of economic and political progress and argues that the latter is cohesive enough to outweigh crimes in future China.
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China and the WTO, 2002.
This paper discusses China?s inception into the World Trade Organization (WTO) and addresses the question of whether or not China's markets have expanded since its entry.
7,925 words (approx. 31.7 pages), 20 sources, MLA, AU$ 272.95
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Abstract
On December 11, 2001, China officially became a member of the World Trade Organization (WTO), opening the country?s doors to change and a new economy. This paper looks at the long journey it took in order to achieve this goal and the future prospects of such a step. The paper begins with an historical overview of China's economic structure and how this culminated into a decision to enter the WTO. It discusses the obstacles that China experienced in joining the WTO and the cost of the membership. It provides a table of China's commitments to the WTO and looks at what they expect to get in return. The economic impact of such a move is discussed and how this has influenced China's market structure and financial market reform.
Introduction
History of China?s Economic Structure
The Decision to Enter the WTO
Obstacles in Joining the WTO
The Cost of WTO Membership
China's Key Commitments to the WTO
What China Gets in Return
Economic Impact on China
China?s Commitments
Foreign Investments
Changes Made and Lessons Learned
China?s Market Structure
Financial Market Reform
Trade and Foreign Direct Investment
Conclusion
From the Paper
"On December 11, 2001, China officially became a member of the World Trade Organization (WTO), opening the country?s doors to change and a new economy. One year after China?s entry into the WTO, the country reported great success, showing better-than-expected economic growth and fulfillment of its WTO commitments, despite its shaky world economy. The excellent performance of the Chinese economy was clearly demonstrated by its eight percent growth rate in gross domestic product, as well as the significant growth in trade and inflow of foreign direct investment. As a result of its inception into the WTO, financial experts forecast that China will become the fifth trading country with an import-export volume worth US$600 billion and one of the most attractive areas for foreign direct investment, which exceeded US$50 billion in 2002 alone."
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Human Rights in China, 2002.
An overview of human rights abuse in China and how it must be overcome for China to be recognized as a truly civilized country.
2,400 words (approx. 9.6 pages), 6 sources, AU$ 141.95
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Abstract
This paper will look at the sensitive issue of human rights abuses in China. Since the process of globalization has also reached China, and if it wants to be considered a legitimate world power, it must take a positive step towards becoming a truly civilized country. Improving its human rights record must be one of its most important objectives.
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China's Role In WWII, 1999.
Examines the U.S. policy toward China, the China-Japan conflict, internal Chinese conflicts and military, political and economic weaknesses.
2,475 words (approx. 9.9 pages), 12 sources, AU$ 139.95
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Abstract
This research paper discusses the role of China in the origin, course and the outcome of World War II. Because of internal Chinese divisions, weaknesses in the Chinese Nationalist government and the priorities accorded to other theaters of war, China never played the role envisaged for it by some Allied leaders and war planners; nevertheless, events there served to enmesh Japan in an unsustainable military adventure on the Asian mainland and to weaken its overall war effort.
From the Paper
"CHINA'S ROLE IN WORLD WAR II
This research paper discusses the role of China in the origin, course and the outcome of World War II. Because of internal Chinese divisions, weaknesses in the Chinese Nationalist government and the priorities accorded to other theaters of war, China never played the role envisaged for it by some Allied leaders and war planners; nevertheless, events there served to enmesh Japan in an unsustainable military adventure on the Asian mainland and to weaken its overall war effort.
1937-1941
World War II began at different times for different nations. For Britain, France, Poland and Germany, it began in 1939, for Italy in 1940, for Russia in June 1941, for the United States with the Pearl Harbor attack and the German declaration of war in ..."
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Advantages And Disadvantages Of China Entering WTO, 2002.
Discusses the possible advantages and disadvantages to the people of China if China were to join the WTO.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 3 sources, AU$ 56.95
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Abstract
Summary: This paper will discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the Chinese entering the World Trade Organization. By understanding the different elements of this type of major deal in trade, we can see how this might affect the lives of the Chinese on a world basis. The effects of internationalization of this country has been an issue in recent times, and this deal would have significant affects on China.
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China and Human Resources i, 2002.
This paper critically discusses the role of human resource (HR) practitioners in China both before and after China's entry into the WTO.
4,900 words (approx. 19.6 pages), 6 sources, AU$ 283.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that private enterprise will be of key focus, where the issues surrounding HR and HR development suggest that there are numerous new business strategies that have entered the Chinese private business. The author examine these changes and note how and why these changes are managed effectively in the Chinese economy.
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China's Entry into the WTO, 2004.
A discussion on the benefits of China's accession to the World Trade Organization for China and its trading partners with a focus on the United States.
1,575 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 8 sources, MLA, AU$ 82.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the benefits of China's entry to the World Trade Organization. It examines how findings indicate that China will benefit from new export markets and increased foreign investment and how the main efficiency gains from WTO membership for China will be in the protected and non-traded sectors, which will feel the impact of import competition or the arrival of new foreign-backed competitors. It looks at how China's market access commitments will provide U.S. businesses the opportunity for significantly greater market access to a broad range of goods and services in sectors that are of key importance to U.S. businesses. It also shows how East Asian economies could also benefit significantly from China's membership, since Japan, the Republic of Korea, and Taiwan (China) all provide intermediate goods and quality consumer durables that could gain market share in China.
Outline
Introduction
Expected Benefits
Stability in External Economic Relationships
Access to China?s Market
China Revitalized
Conclusion
From the Paper
"There are seven types of trade regime commitments in China?s WTO accession agreement that have a wide variety of positive implications for China?s operation as a free market economy (World Trade Organization: analysis of China's commitments to other members, 2002). Some commitments require a specific action from China, such as reporting information about China's import-licensing requirements to the World Trade Organization. Other commitments are less specific in nature, such as those that confirm China's general obligations to adhere to WTO principles of nondiscrimination in the treatment of foreign and domestic enterprises. China's market access commitments will provide U.S. businesses the opportunity for significantly greater market access to a broad range of goods and services in sectors that are of key importance to U.S. businesses."
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