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Ted Hughes and Samuel Beckett, 2006.
A review of the work of Samuel Beckett and Ted Hughes.
1,677 words (approx. 6.7 pages), 3 sources, MLA, AU$ 87.95
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Abstract
This paper takes a look at Samuel Beckett's "Endgame" and Ted Hughes' "Crow". According to the paper, after World War II, authors were faced with the difficulty of creating written works of meaning in a world that seemed so cruel that any attempt at making meaning or moral sense of human behavior seemed futile. This paper discusses Beckett's and Hughes' attempts at making, and failing to make, a new mythology in a world vacant of belief.
From the Paper
"No one could describe Beckett's characters as attractive, and this deliberate impulse towards ugliness is also seen in Ted Hughes creation of the mythological, ugly character in the form of "Crow." A crow, the traditional trickster character of mythology, is a harsh-voiced bird, and Hughes himself said he selected this solitary feeder upon the bones of the dead as his protagonist quite deliberately--just as Beckett's characters feed upon the bones of a cultural system of meaning and a personal past that now has no shape or structure--"it's like the funny story we have heard too often, we still find it funny, but we don't laugh any more," says Nell of the "Endgame" dialogue--the animal Crow feeds upon what is left behind, feeding upon the dead in a world that is based upon death. The crow is a "nightmare" creation, a defiant voice in the wilderness against God. (Sagar, 1975) "
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Ted Hughes and the Animal Kingdom of Muses, 2006.
An analysis of the poetry of British poet, Ted Hughes.
958 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 1 source, MLA, AU$ 55.95
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Abstract
This paper describes the symbolic use of animals in Ted Hughes' poetry and how the poet made use of animal images and metaphor. The paper also explains that Hughes saw animals not merely as representative of human feelings and human states, but as creatures in and of themselves, who are difficult to understand yet who have much to teach, by example, to their human counterparts.
From the Paper
"The fox's progress in the poem "The Thought Fox," s paralleled to the act of writing, for the fox leaves tracks upon the snow, like the poet leaves letters and words upon a typed page, but the fox is only "coming about its own business," not the business of the authors. (21) Finally, "The window is starless still; the clock ticks, /The page is printed," but the fox itself of reality, escapes, only the poem becomes fixed upon the page. The printed page finally reads only "The Thought Fox," the actual fox elusively steals away and cannot be captured by the author's pen or even the author's complete imagination. And even, like an elusive fox, to extrapolate Hughes' earlier quote-the poet has no control over the foxy interpretations of his or her readers. "
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Ted Hughes?s ?Crow? Poems, 2004.
This paper discusses that Ted Hughes?s "Crow" poems, commencing in the 1960s, use the crow as a metaphor for humanity
3,740 words (approx. 15.0 pages), 2 sources, MLA, AU$ 166.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that poets and prophets have traditionally used animal figures to convey criticism of the existing culture, endowing the natural with metaphoric importance. The author points out that Hughes slowly shapes the crow into a sort of prototype for evolved humanity, representing both our worst and best traits. This paper discusses that Hughes?s poems use the crow as a metaphor for humanity. The paper relates that Hughes?s work appears to be that of a human being experiencing the life of a raven-bird; a fallen creature, a trickster, and a graveyard for the bodies of those he eats.
From the Paper
"It is in this poem in particular that one understands how the Crow might be seen as the shadow-self of human kind. He destroys everything around him in an attempt to destroy the ?Black Beast? that the reader at least is becoming aware is the Crow himself. It is quite possible that humanity is the only species, which is its own worst enemy and predator. The greatest threats to humankind come from our own people, as the World Wars would have blatantly shown to Hughes. Repeatedly in the Crow poems, the bird looks at itself and its works in horror and sorrow. One can take examples from ?The Black Beast? in which Crow hunts himself unknowingly in hunting the enemy, or from ?Crow?s Nerve Fails? in which he fully realizes the weight of murders that hang about his shoulders. Yet these are not the only examples."
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Samuel Beckett, 2007.
This paper describes the life and work of Samuel Beckett.
3,061 words (approx. 12.2 pages), 5 sources, APA, AU$ 143.95
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Abstract
The paper presents biographical information about Samuel Beckett, and then discusses some of his major works. According to the paper, Beckett had a profound effect on modern literature, and still influences writers today. Beckett's literary style is considered as well as the common themes that appear in his novels and plays. The author concludes that to truly understand Beckett's works one must understand his life.
From the Paper
"Samuel Beckett was a literary genius and a master at what he created, but he also made people think about the human condition and the place of people in the people. Not the place of people suh as their social class, but the place of people as in what they really mean to one another ancd to themselves. It was not until Beckett had his epiphany and realized that he must embrace the darkness in himself that he actually started turning out a lot of work that was high quality and worthy of praise. Until that time, Beckett had done precious little that the critics enjoyed and he really did not work that much. After the realization, however, he found that he could write what he felt and what he needed to say without fear of what others were thinking of him, and apparently without fear of what he thought of himself. This was wonderful for Beckett, but equally as important for all of those that read his work and enjoy it, because if this realization had not come to him, he may not have turned out the amount and quality of work that he did in fact create."
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Samuel Beckett, 2002.
A discussion of the themes of comedy and death in the work of the playwright Samuel Beckett.
1,879 words (approx. 7.5 pages), 3 sources, MLA, AU$ 97.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how Samuel Beckett is one of the most important and influential playwrights of the twentieth century. It looks at how in most of his plays, he reflects an existential feeling that life is essentially absurd and that the only positive elements in it are discovered through the creativity of individuals who attempt to create meaning or else use humor to deal with this absurdity. It analyzes how death also receives a similar treatment in his plays and while the reality of death is exceptionally sad in its terrible finality, it is also dealt with in a humorous fashion. It evaluates how this combination of sadness and humor lead Beckett himself to label his own plays as ?tragicomic,? since these contradictory elements of tragedy and comedy seem to appear at the same in the same amount often in the same passage. It shows how Beckett?s portrayal of the reality of human death is at once hysterical and depressing, whimsical and terrible, as he embraces both the absurdity of life through human creation and mourns the inability of human to triumph completely over those limitations.
From the Paper
"Fittingly, in his play Waiting for Godot, his characters deal with death in a fashion that is both absurd and laments the true tragedy of the brevity and absurdity in their lives. Indeed, early in the play, the characters are considering what they should do with themselves since they are bored by the repetition of days in the strange and unnamed place where the scene is set. In this moment, Vladimir and Estragon decide that they might choose to hang themselves from the tree that is in the center of the stage. While this suggestion of suicide may seem quite grim, it is in reality extremely comic, since the tree is so small and pathetic that it could never hold a man?s weight enough for him to be hanged. In a way, this joke about death is little more than a game that the two characters use to pass the time and one that results in great comedy."
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Samuel Beckett's "Waiting for Godot", 2008.
A paper describing several different interpretations of the play "Waiting for Godot" by Samuel Beckett.
1,234 words (approx. 4.9 pages), 6 sources, APA, AU$ 68.95
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Abstract
This paper talks about Samuel Beckett's play "Waiting for Godot" written in the 1950s. It has been performed world wide and has been critiqued and deconstructed many times, and many different interpretations offered as to its meaning. The author of this paper concludes with his own interpretation of what Beckett might have intended from this play - that is the he might simply have wanted people to sit still and reflect about what exactly is so significant in their lives.
From the Paper
"In order to understand the comic relief of Beckett the philosophical view of Schopenhauer must be defined. Schopenhauer believed that the "will" is the inner part of man that drives the world forward--"will" supersede intellect placing desire before thought and "will" prior to being (Ross, 1998).
"In the 21st Century Beckett's Godot still has a place in theater including cyber-theater. Interactive art is all about the spontaneous and unpredictable occurrences between people coming together online and performing as if they were on a stage in front of an audience full of hecklers. The interaction between the performers and the audience is far more entertaining then the play by Beckett "Waiting for Godot" when it is performed open to anyone logged into the chat room at the Digital Storytelling Festival in Crested Butte, CO (Rosenberg, n.d.)."
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Analysis of Samuel Beckett's "Endgame", 2001.
This paper relates events in Samuel Beckett's real life to situations in the play.
1,690 words (approx. 6.8 pages), 5 sources, MLA, AU$ 87.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews Samuel Beckett's life and the influence it had on his writing. The setting of the play is analyzed, along with the characters' names, the dialogue and various themes of the play including: Self-reflexivity, father figures, and cyclically.
From the Paper
"Some of the most in-depth interpretations deal with the setting of the play. Described in the first lines, the room is said to have "two small windows, [with] curtains drawn." That image, along with many other in the play, have led many to presume that the action occurs inside the skull, the players being inside the mind and thought of the body (Mayoux 4). This is a rather accurate assumption, seeing that Beckett was a fan of Descartes, who believed that the mind was a separate entity from the body."
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Self in the Work of Samuel Beckett, 2000.
This essay concerns the existential quandaries that the characters of Irish playwright Samuel Beckett experience in his most famous work, "Waiting for Godot."
4,057 words (approx. 16.2 pages), 3 sources, MLA, AU$ 175.95
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Abstract
This essay begins creatively, but it is a formal essay. It is primarily an analysis of "Waiting for Godot," although it includes references to "Endgame" and "Krapp's Last Tape." The author argues that the characters in "Godot" ignore the possibilities inherent in suffering. Eastern religious writing, on the other hand, includes possibility as an existential option, whereas Beckett does not. This is the difference between the two "approaches," and the author is critical of Beckett for failing to acknowledge existential possibility as achieved through self-awareness.
From the Paper
"We find ourselves in some deeply existential quandary: a problem beyond inquiry or conclusion; a problem that extends into the void of time and space; that avoids the very title of "problem". We are confined to a box, in Endgame, we are on a dead tree stump off an abandoned road, in Godot, and we are on a bare stage with remnants of a former life or two, in Krapp's Last Tape. The resounding question is perhaps: where are we; and the resounding answer: we don't know. The resounding question is perhaps: who are we? The resounding answer is perhaps: "Je ne sais pas, monsieur (Esslin, 36)." And Mr. Beckett presents.... the universe. And Mr. Beckett presents...the human condition. And Mr. Beckett presents...existence. And Mr. Beckett presents..."
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?Waiting for Godot? by Samuel Beckett, 2002.
The paper analyzes in detail the play, ?Waiting for Godot? by Samuel Beckett, with emphasis on its religious implications.
1,395 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 1 source, MLA, AU$ 74.95
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Abstract
This paper states that, aside from the theme of waiting, the central theme of the play ?Waiting for Godot? is religious beliefs, especially penance and redemption. The author continues that all four major characters in the play represent a part of these themes. The play is reviewed in detail from this perspective. The paper concludes with the idea that in the last act, there is a turn of events wherein their roles are further reinforced and widened through a display of religious representations and implications.
From the Paper
"Perhaps one of the first instance of the play?s religious theme is Vladimir?s reference to the story of the thieves in the Bible. In the first act of the play, Vladimir tells Estragon the story of the thief who repented, and was saved because of his repentance. This part of the play illustrates the first sign of hopelessness of the two protagonists in the story. Both Vladimir and Estargon are men who seem to have nothing at all, save for the boots of Estragon, and the hat of Vladimir, which were constantly referred to and discussed in the play. Their nothingness was further worsened when the fact that they were actually humans who were born to suffer was brought up in the first act. In this scene, Vladimir asks Estragon the need to repent so that they will also be saved from their sins."
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Samuel Beckett's "Endgame", 2003.
This paper looks at how understanding the social and political context of the time of Samuel Beckett's play "Endgame" enhances the significance of the play's meaning.
2,298 words (approx. 9.2 pages), 13 sources, MLA, AU$ 113.95
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Abstract
The paper examines how the play "Endgame" is related to reality and discusses how it is haunted by the prospect of universal death. The paper looks at how "Endgame" is a play on language and shows how, ultimately, the play is a manifestation of the social and political context of the time.
From the Paper
"Samuel Beckett's theatre is widely assumed as a no-man's-land, a place at the end of the world, devoid of any humanity. The impression we are left with at the end of his plays is that of a timeless theatre, showing an essential and absolute humanity, which is hardly prone to historical upheavals, or even to historical variations. This is also true of Endgame, Beckett's third play, first written in French and performed at the Royal Court Theatre, London, in 1957. The play is haunted by the prospect of universal death. Indeed, Beckett imprisons his characters in a room which might be the only place on earth to house human life."
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Samuel Beckett' s "Waiting for Godot", 2001.
A analysis of the theme of the anguish of waiting and the theme of existentialism.
1,220 words (approx. 4.9 pages), 1 source, AU$ 66.95
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Abstract
This essay explores the existentialist theme in Samuel Beckett's "Waiting for Godot" and how it is used in the play.
From the Paper
"In Samuel Beckett's play, Waiting for Godot, Existentialism is the prevailing source of inspiration.
Beckett uses his characters to show that waiting is truly anguish and one must actively pursue the
meaning in their life. This essay explores both existentialism as well as its use in this play."
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Samuel Beckett And Postmodernism, 2002.
Discusses the revolt of the modernist writer/artist against traditional literary forms and subjects.
3,150 words (approx. 12.6 pages), 10 sources, AU$ 179.95
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Abstract
Discusses the revolt of the modernist writer/artist against traditional literary forms and subjects. Examples and definitions of modernist fiction. Difference between modernism and postmodernism. Beckett's DREAM OF FAIR TO MIDDLING WOMEN. His attempt to develop a narrative style reflecting the incoherence of human existence. Beckett's writings on Proust, James Joyce, Surrealism. His postmodern artistic strategies.
From the Paper
"In A Glossary of Literary Terms, Meyer Abrams defines modernism as the term used to identify distinctive features in the concepts, sensibility, form, and style of literature and art since World War I (1914-1918). He notes that while the specific features signified by modernism varied with the user, most critics agreed the concept involved a deliberate and radical break with the traditional bases of Western culture and Western art (Abrams 108). In essence, the modernist artist revolted against traditional literary forms and subjects, and this revolt manifested itself strongly after the total destruction of World War I shook men's faith in the foundations and continuity of Western civilization and culture (Abrams 108).
Abrams offers T. S. Eliot as an example of a modernist..."
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"Endgame" (Samuel Beckett), 1992.
Examines the use of the four characters to portray post-modern drama and reality.
1,800 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 7 sources, AU$ 102.95
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From the Paper
"THE "NEW SENSIBILITY" OF "ENDGAME"
Samuel Beckett's Endgame has been described as a drama that presents "the death of the stock props of Western civilization---family cohesion, filial, parental, and connubial love, faith in God, artistic appreciation and creation." It is the THESIS of this paper that Beckett is able to use only four characters--- Hamm, Nagg, Nell, and Clov--- to portray the fact that modern theater has to address itself to a new sensibility that today might be termed "postmodern." Beckett gets his title from the final stage of chess, when only a few pieces remain on the board and checkmate is near. This is the "endgame," and Beckett's play demonstrates that the mechanics of the theater (as they mirror "life") are near the checkmate stage."
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Text Repetitions in Beckett's Plays, 2007.
An analysis of Samuel Beckett's use of repeating text in his works.
3,657 words (approx. 14.6 pages), 14 sources, APA, AU$ 163.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the repeating texts in many of Samuel Beckett's works, with an emphasis on the use of this device in his short plays. The author analyzes two of Beckett's short plays, "What Where" and "Play" to further explore his thesis. The paper also discusses the concept of textuality as it relates to Beckett's literary style. The paper also describes Beckett's work as taking the reader to powerful depths that require multiple readings.
From the Paper
"Textuality transpires from every part of Beckett's What Where and Play, thanks to the use of textual repetitions, which introduce each time a difference -and even a "differance". In this first section, we have try to highlight the act of repeating within the texts themselves -that is, inner-repetition-, laying emphasis on the first level of the repetition scale. Our second part will be dedicated to the re(-)presentation of the plays, that is to say, the repetition of the written texts through their performance."
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Storytelling In Beckett's 'Collected Shorter Plays', 2007.
A review of Samuel Beckett's 'Collected Shorter Plays'.
3,854 words (approx. 15.4 pages), 9 sources, MLA, AU$ 169.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews, discusses and analyses the 'Collected Shorter Plays' by Samuel Beckett. The paper reports that storytelling is the art of portraying, in words, images and sounds, what has happened in real or imagined events. The paper goes on to say that to Beckett, it represents the human effort to create order out of random experience.
According to the paper, in the Beckettian drama, a deep tension exists between life and story on the one hand, and self and story on the other hand. The paper continues by saying that storytelling constitutes an intrinsic part of the central dramatic action itself.
From the Paper
"Beckettian narrators are above all human beings. As any other individual, they use storytelling as a way to escape reality. Storytelling, then, allows Beckett's protagonists that Freudian opportunity to reveal deep and difficult thoughts and feelings, while at the same time concealing them as fiction, or it least distancing them as narration. The conflict between facing issues and fleeing them in dramatized. By choosing to tell a story, to talk about rather than to perform, to focus on a narrated past rather than on actual present, Beckettian storytellers betray their deepest, most incompatible feelings. We can go as far as to say that all that talk in Beckett's Shorter Plays may not have the sole purpose of merely presenting thoughts and feelings directly, but rather, it is intended to disguise, distance and even hide them. Evasion, therefore, is part of a character's motivation in choosing to tell a story. He feels safe in the vicariousness of narrative: nothing is experienced or betrayed directly. Actually, an essential distance is involved in storytelling: it relies on the intrinsic convention that in narrative, the author and his story persona are not identical. Therefore, it conveniently moves passions away from the body and into the mind, where the process of simultaneously admitting and denying something, facing and fleeing dangers, can be achieved safely. Hence the division of the character's self into speaker and spoken, inherent in the great majority of the plays under study here. "
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The Works of Langston Hughes, 2007.
An analysis of the life and works of Langston Hughes and their contribution to the Harlem Renaissance.
1,968 words (approx. 7.9 pages), 10 sources, MLA, AU$ 100.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the life and works of African-American writer, Langston Hughes. It particularly considers how Hughes was linked to the period of time known as the Harlem Renaissance and how he affected this time period. The paper also looks at the early life of Hughes and discusses how the life and writings of Langston Hughes continues to inspire African-Americans to this day.
Table of Contents:
The Early Life of Langston Hughes
Langston Hughes and Harlem
Life and Career of Langston Hughes
The Works of Langston Hughes
From the Paper
"While the early life of Langston Hughes, and the Harlem Renaissance have been discussed, it is important to study what his life was like as he strived to eventually make Harlem his home. Early in life Hughes had decided to make writing as his career. At only eighteen years old, Hughes decided that he would make his living as a writer, but only had Hughes decided to be a writer, he had also decided to focus most of his writings to be about African Americans. "From his decision around 1920, at the age of 18, to try to live by his writings, he devoted himself to a career that would take as its center the world of African Americans" (Rampersad 22). Hughes believed African Americans were equal to whites and he believed in valuing humanity regardless of the person's skin color or race. "He moved easily between this profound sense of racial pride and love - unrivaled in its intensity by that of any other major writer - a cosmopolitanism that made him at home all around the world" (Rampersad 22). Even at a young age, people began to value his works."
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