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Racism in Sports, 2000.
An overview of European racism, racism in American sports, examples, role of culture, stereotypes, quotas and views of fans.
1,800 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 6 sources, AU$ 95.95
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Abstract
Racism in sports has its roots in the history of racism in Europe. Kleg writes, for example:
The Achaeans and Dorians who invaded Greece beginning in the twelfth century B.C., destroyed the Bronze Age culture of Mycenaean Greece and ushered in a "dark age" from which it took centuries to recover.
From the Paper
" Racism in sports has its roots in the history of racism in Europe. Kleg writes, for example:
The Achaeans and Dorians who invaded Greece beginning in the twelfth century B.C., destroyed the Bronze Age culture of Mycenaean Greece and ushered in a "dark age" from which it took centuries to recover. These invaders . . . were regarded as boorish compared to the civilizations of the Near East and Egypt that were already thousands of years old. When these Greeks finally became civilized and developed a flourishing culture, they looked upon others as inferior and barbaric. . . . (Kleg, 1993, 86-87).
It was not until the conquest of nations in Africa that the practice of "chattel slavery" became widespread, and this practice was institutionalized by Europeans in the New World..."
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Racism in America, 2002.
This paper is an essay which states that despite America?s rich and proud history, this country has never been able to shake the dark legacy of racism and that racism still exists in America today.
1,570 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 3 sources, MLA, AU$ 77.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the history of racism in American history and reveals the evil and unjust treatment towards African-Americans and other groups. The author proposes that racism in America was allowed to flourish because the government allowed and supported it. The author believes that the survival of the U.S. is dependent upon our collective human will to do good for all ,not just a select few.
Table of Contents
A Reflection
The Legacy Continues
Looking Ahead
Final Thoughts
From the Paper
"These definitions help to uncover why White America?s have actively sought to hate others on the basis of skin color. America was built on the backs of Black slaves with their labor, their blood, sweat and tears. Black women nursed and raised white children and were expected to provide for their master better than they could provide for themselves and their families. Black slaves were captured in Africa and made to endure a long trip to America in inhumane conditions. It is said that more people died in the slave trade than during the holocaust. Blacks were sold to the highest bidder on auction blocks like animals and then doomed to a life of torment, toil and pain. Black women were raped. Black men beaten and their children were sold and taken away from them without notice anytime."
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Systemic Racism, 2006.
Examines the problem of systemic racism in the nursing profession and the implications it has for the delivery of health services.
1,800 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 5 sources, AU$ 107.95
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Abstract
Systemic racism is found just as much in the nursing profession as in many other institutionalized workplaces. This form of racism produces serious conflict that can harm morale and efficiency because the problem can remain hidden. Systemic racism, or institutionalized racism, is racism that is built into the system. Systemic racism is the result of interlocking systems of social oppression such as classism, sexism and ableism in the health care system. This paper explains what system racism is and discusses the serious harm it can cause. In particular, the paper discusses systemic racism within the nursing profession and looks at how it is an especially problematic issue with regard to the delivery of health services.
From the Paper
"Workplace diversity is a tremendous benefit, but it can cause serious problems not only for the staff but also for patients and the delivery of care (Aries, 2004). Systemic racism is found just as much in the nursing profession as in many other institutionalized workplaces. Minority and ethnic groups continue to be viewed as different. "Diversity has become a more pressing issue in the delivery of health services because added to long-standing racial disparities are problems associated with caring for new immigrant populations" (Aries, 2004, p. 173)."
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Racism in Canada Today, 2008.
This paper explores the definition of racism and its denial in Canadian state culture.
1,355 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 5 sources, MLA, AU$ 68.95
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Abstract
The paper examines Frederick Ivor Case's "Racism and National Consciousness," where he presents a complex analysis of race and racism in Canada today. With reference to Case's understanding of racism as exclusion, the paper argues that racism is a covert reality of life in Canada today that is supported in a range of subtle ways by Canadian state culture. The paper shows how racism has clear economic "value" for the capitalist corporate elite of Canadian society, making challenges of anti-racist action as great as they ever were.
Outline:
Introduction
Racism as Exclusion
The Complexities of Racism
A Covert Racism
Conclusion
From the Paper
"In defining race and racism, Frederick Ivor Case presents an excellent critique of the physiological absurdity of making distinctions between people on the basis of race: "It might seem superfluous to remark that there is no such phenomenon as African blood or Chinese blood or Jewish blood, just as in the moral sense there is no such thing as good or bad blood" (Case 38). This being said, however, Case recognizes the social reality that for generations the structures of race and racism have defined life in Canada. Case's analysis of racism in the Canadian context is particularly complex given his contention that this racism has been defined historically as the "exclusion on sight, that is, by race" of non-Europeans from the Canadian collective consciousness (Case 35)."
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Racism and Poverty, 2004.
An examination of racism as a primary cause of poverty.
2,500 words (approx. 10.0 pages), 9 sources, MLA, AU$ 113.95
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Abstract
This paper addresses racism as one of the more instrumentally causal factors for the prevalence of poverty. The paper discusses the relevance of cultural diversity that leads to racism and, subsequently, to poverty. The paper attempts to answer the question of how racism leads to a socio-psychological ideology that supports poverty.
Outline
Introduction
Globalization, Cultural Diversity and the Subsequent Framework for Racism and Poverty
The Relevance of Cultural Diversity Leading to Racism and Poverty
How Racism Plays a Quintessentially Relevant Role in Regard to Elevating Poverty
How Racism Leads to a Socio-Psychological Ideology that Supports Poverty
Recommendations and Conclusions
From the Paper
"The exceptional advancement and development that we have attained within the contemporaneous parameters of the societies within which we survive and interact is something that is reflected within virtually all existing platform. It is quite apparent that the Legal, political, sociological and cultural frameworks as we presently know them, for instance, have all advanced and developed in accordance to the current day and age. This, moreover, is something that has primarily been due to the technologically oriented evolution that the global society has been undergoing at an uncharacteristically rapid rate for about two decades now. In spite this however; the global socio-community continues to be plagued by such sociological woes as economic inconsistence and instability, typically as a result of the contemporaneously wide scale prevalence of poverty and terrorism."
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The Functional Purpose for Racism in Society, 2008.
An argument that there is no functional purpose for racism in a civilized society, contradictory to Jefferey Reiman's views in Frances Henry and Carol Tator's "The Colour of Democracy: Racism in Canadian Society."
955 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 1 source, MLA, AU$ 50.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the Marxist-functionalist perspective that racism serves to reinforce and organize social structures of societal control. It looks at Jefferey Reiman's views as expressed in Frances Henry and Carol Tator's "The Colour of Democracy: Racism in Canadian Society." The paper argues that Reiman is incorrect and that there is no functional purpose of racism in a civilized society, but rather that racism is destructive in a free and democratic societal framework.
From the Paper
"Functionalism does have some useful insights to offer. While all behaviour is not caused by social structures, much of human behaviour is influenced by social structures. However, this does not mean we should accept racism. Rather, it is all the more reason to reject it. The more we can change to a society that is not built on racism, the more individual people will not become racists. And the fewer racists there are, the less pain and suffering will be caused by racist actions and statements. Therefore, we should be looking for social structures that perpetuate or create racism, and trying to change them. We should not assume that it is all for the best. That is a simplistic assumption. It is also contrary to the human quest of trying to improve things. Anyone can see that we do not have a perfect society. If someone is a functionalist, they will assume that social structures cause this imperfection. From that point, instead of accepting the imperfections, we should look for ways to remove them - not to accept and justify them."
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"Living with Racism" -- A Review, 2007.
This paper reviews Joe R. Feagin and Melvin P. Sikes' book "Living with Racism".
1,406 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 1 source, AU$ 70.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews Joe R. Feagin and Melvin P. Sikes' book "Living with Racism," in which the authors challenge the conventional view that racism is a thing of the past, gone with the days of slavery. To challenge this view, Feagin and Sikes collected personal accounts from over 200 middle-class black Americans to reveal the racism that pervades many aspects of American daily life today. The authors pull together accounts revealing subtle and overt racism, and examine how this racism is expressed in discriminatory behavior. "Living with Racism" is an important reminder about how much work remains to be done regarding racial relations in the United States.
From the Paper
"The authors pull together accounts revealing subtle and overt racism, and how this racism is expressed in discriminatory behavior. Despite the Civil Rights Movement and the resultant laws that mandate against discriminatory practices, Feagin and Sikes gather a multitude of accounts showing how African Americans continue to face discrimination at public places, such as hotels, restaurants and stores. The stories are carefully gathered to provide a narrative account that encompasses many aspects of American public life. Together, these stories show that racism and the resultant discriminatory behavior are alive and well."
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The Racism of the 1920s ., 2002.
A comparison of racism of the 1920s with contemporary racism.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 6 sources, AU$ 53.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses racism in the 1920s and compares it with the racism of today's society. The paper finds that both forms are much the same. Racism is always present beneath civilization, and racists are the cause of barbarism.
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D. Macedo and P. Gounari's "The Globalization of Racism", 2008.
This paper is a personal essay based on a review of D. Macedo and P. Gounari's book "The Globalization of Racism".
1,095 words (approx. 4.4 pages), 0 sources, APA, AU$ 58.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that D. Macedo and P. Gounari's "The Globalization of Racism" trace racist origins and the transformation of racist attitudes through modern times throughout the world. The author points out that this book helps one visualize and comprehend how global the issue of racism has become. The paper relates that racism, especially in the U.S., has been transforming recently from direct abuse to indirect abuse, which is more serious because it affects the livelihood of the victims. The author believes that racism is rooted in childhood experiences, location and the media. The paper concludes that, to stem racism in the U.S., the government must provide universal health care, restructure the educational system, put real effort into the war on poverty in its own country and pay reparations to the freed slaves.
From the Paper
"Chapter five and six of "The Globalization of Racism" were the chapters that I found most interesting out of any others throughout the book. These chapters discussed anti-black racism in America and American's denial of this issue. The sixth chapter also went into more detail about how our current prison-industrial complex is like a modern day form of enslavement. The problem I see after reading these chapters is the lack of resources African-American families have. They were forced to come to this country by whites and have been oppressed against their will ever since."
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Racism and Canadian Society, 2008.
This paper discusses the statement "In my opinion, it is too easy for people to blame their failures on things like racism."
1,287 words (approx. 5.1 pages), 1 source, MLA, AU$ 65.95
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Abstract
In this essay, the writer argues that the statement, "In my opinion, it is too easy for people to blame their failures on things like racism", is incorrect and is one that is usually put forward by people who have never experienced racism. The writer maintains that the reality is that many failures are caused by important factors such as racism. This should be acknowledged, and then steps should be taken to address the racism in our society. The writer argues that pretending that racism is just an empty, self-serving excuse obscures the reality of the racism in our society. The writer concludes that when a black person says their failure is a result of racism, they are far more likely to be correct than incorrect.
From the Paper
"As a result of this failure, many consequences flow. For one thing, the little girl is never cast as the heroine, and all the audiences who see the school plays over the years have their racist assumptions that heroines/princesses etc. are always white reinforced. Thus, the systemic racism is bolstered, reinforced and perpetuated to a new generation. The effect on the girl herself is that she is repeatedly sent the message that she is not good enough to be the princess/heroine - no matter what she does. The girl is likely to internalize a very deep level of unworthiness, and a resultant crippling lack of self-esteem. Contrast this with the raised self-esteem that will be fostered in the white girls who were picked for the roles. After that, all of these girls go on to university. Which girls are more likely to do well at university, and then go on to successful, well-paid careers? And taking this even further, which of these girls are likely to raise children who have every possible advantage in life, and who will do well when they grow up?"
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Educating Against Racism, 2006.
A personal polemic on the need for education to combat racism in America and the need to combat subconscious racism in American education with multicultural curricula.
1,107 words (approx. 4.4 pages), 6 sources, MLA, AU$ 58.95
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Abstract
The paper analyzes the causes of racism in America, and attributes present attitudes to the lingering presence of the Manifest Destiny doctrine which conquered the New World. The writer recounts her personal experiences as a black female, being exposed to unknowing forms of racism from teachers and an educational system which promote a subconsciously racist, Eurocentric agenda, one which does not recognize and celebrate ethnic diversity. The paper examines the dropout statistics, showing that the educational system best serves whites while discouraging other ethnicities. In conclusion, the writer feels that American schools must recognize student diversity so that social relations can expand beyond intolerance, myth and fear.
From the Paper
"It has been my experience that racism in its unrecognized form occurs largely in the educational sphere. As a black female I became acutely aware of the educational gaps between white and non-white society at a tender young age. It was in the classroom that I got my first taste of institutionalized racism. My instructors never called any special attention to my race or cultural background. They never displayed any recognized racist attitudes. What the educational system did do was ignore the diversity that exists within it. It is in this way that schools perpetuate race division by teaching a "neutral" Anglo doctrine filled with the traditional white heroes. This history is rich in stories of cowboys killing savage Indians, of Texans "defending" their territory from Mexicans while it down plays the transgressions of slavery. This miseducation of minorities encourages the "denial of self and the refutation of history and culture that appear to mark . . .(minorities) . . . as outsiders" (Harris, 303). The curriculum in this sense was distorted to conform to an Eurocentric perspective. This method largely ignores the historical contributions of its colored citizens and "limit non-whites to roles as slaves, toms, coons, mulattoes, mammies and bucks; or deem them as impediments to the Manifest Destiny expansionism of the age" (Harris, 303). No thought is given to the other areas of the world past the point of white colonization. American society itself is a function of racism and lies imbedded in racist ideology. Only rarely do students hear or read of non-white people as active participants in history. It is this avoidance method that is the most dangerous type of racism. It denies that racism exists in the larger society."
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Organizational and Institutional Racism, 2002.
A brief history of racism, its types and a comparison of institutional and organizational racism in the U.K. and the U.S.
1,726 words (approx. 6.9 pages), 6 sources, MLA, AU$ 83.95
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Abstract
This paper explains how institutional and organizational racism is a problem not only in the US, but in the UK as well. The denial of equal opportunity in education, jobs, and housing in the UK is considered, as well as addressed, with a comparison to the situation in the United States. Clear implications and solutions are set forth, explaining the need for eradication of institutional and organizational racism.
From the Paper
"Racism, by definition, is a belief that race is the primary determinant of human traits and capacities, and that racial differences produce and inherent superiority of a particular race. When applied to society and specifically to institutions, racism is discriminatory attitudes and beliefs that permeate our society and its institutions. These attitudes and modes of thinking can have a serious impact on treatment of minorities, especially in areas of justice. As a result, these minorities suffer disadvantages ranging from criminal profiling to being rejected for jobs."
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Racism in the Police Force, 2004.
A brief discussion of the issue of racism within the police force in the U.S.
1,115 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 5 sources, MLA, AU$ 58.95
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Abstract
This paper explores the issue known as institutional racism and, specifically, whether or not racism exists within the police force in the U.S. The writer also looks at specific cases of racism within police units in England and elsewhere as a comparison. The paper includes suggestions and ways to decrease the occurrence of institutional racism, such as by ensuring minorities are present in significant numbers and educating and monitoring everyone involved.
From the Paper
"Milwaukee Police Chief Arthur Jones recently filed what is believed to be the first-ever racial discrimination complaint with the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) by a sitting police chief (Staff writers, 2002). His complaint centers around his belief, backed up by other Black officials in the city, that he is being held ?to a higher standard than his predecessors? (Staff writers, 2002). A Black alderman in the city, Willie Hines, says that Jones has been subjected to the scrutiny because he challenged the way the city hired new policemen."
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Racism and Slavery: An Analysis of Causes and Implications, 2005.
A discussion of whether slavery and racism are related.
1,800 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 6 sources, AU$ 107.95
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Abstract
The premise of the paper is that slavery was not caused perpetuated by racism. The paper examines the debates by historians and sociologists that slavery encourages racism, and racism establishes slavery.
The historical evolution of slavery is analyzed in order to establish that this idea of mutual supporting systems of racism and slavery is not correct.
From the Paper
"For many years, historians and sociologists have debated the relationship between racism and slavery. Some contend that slavery caused and perpetuated racism, while others argue that racism caused and perpetuated slavery. Examining the historical evidence indicates that in colonial and pre-Civil War America, racism was both a cause and consequence of slavery. Ultimately, institutionalized slavery and institutionalized racism co-existed as mutually supporting systems, based upon prevailing social and cultural assumptions that blacks were an inferior race. In order to resolve this issue, it is necessary to examine and evaluate slavery's historical development, for doing so provides evidence that in many societies, slavery has not been caused or perpetuated by racism."
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Organizational and Institutional Racism, 2002.
A discussion of institutional and organizational racism in the U.K. in terms of discrimination in the workplace, in education and a lack of equal opportunity.
1,676 words (approx. 6.7 pages), 6 sources, MLA, AU$ 82.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the history of racism in the U.K. over the years from the early 1950s when it was referred to as a ?color problem? to modern day. It evaluates the different forms of racism experienced by ethnic minorities such as in the workplace and in education and the ramifications involved because of this discrimination. It examines the U.K. laws imposed to fight this racism and makes a comparison between racism in the U.K. and the U.S. as well as reflections and general solutions to the problem.
From the Paper
"Racism was decidedly a problem not of the industrialists, but one of the state. ?It was state racism that provided for racist policing, for discriminatory practices in employment and education, for media calumny and the creation of popular racism which, in turn, reinforced prejudiced attitudes.? (Bourne 2001) With regard to racism and the need to make changes, the furthest officials would go to implement such a change is, to claim people needed to adopt multi-culturalism; they adopted this middle-of-road philosophy position so as to not offend anyone. This position however, did not address the problem of the new class of citizen that was both black and born and raised in the United Kingdom."
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Racism in Literature, 2004.
This paper discusses "de facto" versus "de jure" racism as related in Richard Wright?s ?The Library Card? and Brent Staples's ?Black Men in Public Spaces?.
1,075 words (approx. 4.3 pages), 2 sources, AU$ 56.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the essay, ?The Library Card?, by Richard Wright, illustrates a young, black man growing up in Memphis who cannot borrow books from a whites-only library because he cannot obtain a library card. The author points out that the racism experienced by Brent Staples is subtler, but still present in the legal racism of the Northern states of the 1970s. The paper stresses that even if one man experiences de jure versus de facto racism, this does not mean that racism has less of an impact upon Staples?s life than it does on Wright?s.
From the Paper
"Both contradicting ideas in both essays?the young Black man dangerously striving for knowledge against legal constraints and the adolescent Black man dangerously lacking in knowledge, walking down a city street, are simultaneously held in the minds of racist society. The experiences of both authors, when viewed in consort, shows that there is no way out of the irrational, racist mindset?other than bringing it to the reader?s attention. Black education is feared and Black violent ignorance?society fears what it has attempted to generate. It existed in the past, and it still exists today, just as damaging, even if the legal prohibitions that thwarted Wright are no longer in place. In fact, because Wright circumvented the law, perhaps the law matters less than the fetters that exist upon white minds that endanger Black self-esteem."
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