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The National Guard, 2004.
An analysis of America's oldest military organization, the National Guard.
1,034 words (approx. 4.1 pages), 6 sources, MLA, AU$ 39.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the National Guard, America's militia, exploring its critical importance to America's success in wars between 1776 and 1918. The paper explains that the National Guard is the oldest component of the Armed Forces of the United States and one of the nation's longest-enduring institutions. The paper presents a brief history of the role played by the National Guard in America's military history, with an examination of its specific, incalculable contributions during the War of 1812 and the Spanish-American War.
From the Paper
"American's history parallels the National Guard's history. The roots of the National Guard emanate from the various colonial militias organized by English colonists during the 1600s. The actual moniker "National Guard" was initially utilized used by units of the New York State Militia. The use of the name was in reference to the Revolutionary War hero, the Marquis de Lafayette, during his visit to the United States in 1825. "After the American Revolution, the Marquis had returned to France where he commanded the Paris militia, the famous "Garde Nationale," during the French Revolution. By the 1880s, the new designation had been adopted by state militias throughout the United States." In 1877, for instance, the Iowa Militia was officially renamed the Iowa National Guard."
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The Formation of a National Federal Reserve for the U.S. Army, 2005.
An examination of the U.S. Army Reserves and National Guard.
3,900 words (approx. 15.6 pages), 11 sources, APA, AU$ 114.95
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Abstract
This paper studies the formation and emergence of the U.S. Army Reserves and National Guard, from volunteer state run militias to a federal reserve and federally controlled National Guard. Through the Spanish American War of 1898, the Dick Act of 1903, the National Defense Acts and two World Wars, this paper traces the wars and events that shaped and molded a modern military power. The paper also examines the political and social ramifications of establishing an extended military.
From the Paper
"Throughout American history, Americans have generally disliked a strong military. This "antimilitarism" as some historians' term it has dated back since the Revolutionary War. One prominent historian reports: "in resentment of red-coat garrisons in the colonies before the American Revolution, their presence becoming the primary cause of the Revolution." A standing army came to be depicted as a threat to individual liberties and as an oppressor of republican governments. Most people saw the military as only necessary in war, thus the general idea was that the army was praised during war but ridiculed during peacetime."
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Kent State Student Shootings, 1991.
This paper examines the Ohio National Guard's opening fire on Kent State students which killed four students during demonstrations protesting against the Vietnam war: Government incompetence and alternatives to National Guard's action.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 3 sources, AU$ 51.95
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From the Paper
"This study will consider the alternatives to the Ohio National Guard's opening fire on Kent State Students on May 4, 1970, resulting in the deaths of four students during demonstrations on campus protesting President Nixon's war policies in Vietnam and Cambodia.
An examination of the policies and actions of government officials in the Kent State tragedy makes clear that in almost every conceivable instance those officials failed miserably in carrying out their duties. From the politicians (especially Governor Rhodes and Kent Mayor Satrom) to the school administration (especially President White) to the National Guard (especially Generals Del Corso and Canterbury), these officials demonstrated an extraordinary insensitivity and outright stupidity in dealing with the situation, so that, in retrospect, a tragedy of some ... "
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Memogate, 2008.
A look at the events surrounding the CBS news report by anchor Dan Rather's regarding apparent gaps in George W. Bush's service in the Texas Air National Guard.
1,230 words (approx. 4.9 pages), 4 sources, MLA, AU$ 44.95
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Abstract
On September 8, 2004, CBS news anchor Dan Rather aired a report on apparent gaps in presidential candidate George W. Bush's service in the Texas Air National Guard. In order to portray these gaps as evidence that Bush had received preferential treatment, Rather relied on memos that had allegedly been written by Lieutenant Colonel Jerry Killian, one of Bush's superiors during the early 1970's. Immediately after Rather's report, bloggers across the Internet began to raise doubts about the authenticity of these memos. By describing how the bloggers' suspicions eventually led to Rather's downfall, this paper attempts to show that the scandal revolved, not around the actual facts of Bush's service, but around the methods that CBS had used to gather and present documentary evidence.
From the Paper
"The report that aired on "60 Minutes Wednesday" featured an exclusive interview with Ben Barnes, a former lieutenant governor of Texas and speaker of the Texas House of Representatives, who said that he helped get Bush into the Texas Air National Guard at the pinnacle of the Vietnam War. As mentioned above, the report included documents from 1972 that were allegedly written by the late Lt. Col. Jerry Killian, one of Bush's former commanders. The Lt. Col. had previously alleged that Bush's Guard records had been "scrubbed" to hide information. The story was part of an investigation alleging that Bush benefited from political favoritism in getting out of commitments to the Texas Guard. The documents, supposedly made by Killian, included criticisms of Bush's service in the Guard and allegedly showed that Bush disobeyed orders. "
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The Praetorian Guard, 2002.
A look at the history of the Praetorian Guard under the Julio-Claudians.
4,882 words (approx. 19.5 pages), 7 sources, MLA, AU$ 133.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at the Praetorian Guard, the personal guard force of the Roman emperors, which has become a byword for the ability of a bodyguard to control and ultimately to elevate or depose, the person whom it is supposed to guard. It examines how it was the only military force that had the potential to control its imperial masters. In particular it examines its role under the reign of the Julio-Claudians and how they were able to complete the marginalization of the Senate in favor of the Julio-Claudian family.
Outline
The Problem of Armies
Alternative Possible Solutions
Princeps and Imperator
The Roman Army: From Militia to Caesarism
The Augustan Solution
The Praetorian Guard: Organization and Mission
The Praetorian Guard in Augustan Security Strategy
The Praetorian Guard and the Emperors
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Historians speak of the earlier period of the Roman Empire as the Principate, but it is fair to say that as a primary title for Augustus' successors it fell into relative abeyance at an early date. Augustus survived as a general term of respect, to become a formal title for a "senior" emperor under the system of divided imperial authority under Diocletian. Caesar, originally a family name, also survived as a general title of respect, and ultimately gave rise to Tsar in Russian and Kaiser in German. But it is emperor, from the military title Imperator, that became the imperial title par excellence."
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The Praetorian Guard of the Roman Emperors, 2002.
An examination of the Guard's power as the only military force in the Capital city.
4,275 words (approx. 17.1 pages), 9 sources, AU$ 145.95
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Abstract
Examines the Guard's power as the only military force in the Capital city. Issues of loyalty & disloyalty to various Emperors. Evolution of the Guard under the Julio-Claudian Emperors up to the death of Nero. Problems presented by armies, citizen militias. History of the Roman Army. Organization & mission of the Guard. Emperors Agustus, Tiberius, Caligula, Claudius, Nero.
From the Paper
"Quis Custodiet Ipsos Custodes?
The Praetorian Guard under the Julio-Claudians
The Praetorian Guard, the personal guard force of the Roman emperors, has become a byword for the ability of a bodyguard to control, and ultimately to elevate or depose, the person whom it is supposed to guard. By the nature of its situation throughout the early and middle eras of the empire -- as the only military force in near the capital of an empire most of whose armies were dispersed among the frontiers -- it had the potential to control its imperial masters. Against a conspiracy or riot an Emperor could call upon the Praetorian Guard, but if the Guard itself..."
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The Praetorian Guard and the Political System, 2002.
A description of this Ancient Roman guard and its role in the overall running of the Roman Empire.
1,460 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 6 sources, MLA, AU$ 52.95
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Abstract
A paper discussing the role of the Praetorian guard which was established in Rome as an elite squad of personal bodyguards of the Roman emperors. This guard accompanied the Emperor on all his campaigns. The paper gives examples of how emperors who had better control over their guards were known to have better control over their entire empires.
From the Paper
"A Roman emperor had to earn the respect of his subjects; and, at the same time, expect his commands to be obeyed. The Praetorian Guard acted as intermediaries between the emperor and the people. The Guard commanded a stature higher than the Roman legions and the auxiliaries. Their role was to maintain order in Rome. They also acted as the police force for the country of Italy. They were normally recruited from the city of Rome itself and not from its neighboring provinces-unlike the legions and auxiliaries."
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Leadership Potential in the Coast Guard, 2007.
A discussion on the importance of leadership qualities among United States Coast Guard members.
1,462 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 15 sources, MLA, AU$ 52.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the importance of building leadership potential early in the careers of the United States Coast Guard members. The paper talks about the general importance of leadership qualities and how these attributes can be applied to coast guard members to improve the service that they provide. It suggests some places where individuals can learn leadership qualities before joining the United States Coast Guard.
From the Paper
"Another History Today article extols the leadership of British Vice Admiral Horatio Nelson, who led British ships into battle in the late 1700s, defeating, among other notable forces, Napoleon's fleet in the Battle of the Nile (1798). His leadership philosophy, according to historic records in his own words: "A commander gives his orders in a manner that ensures that his subordinates understand his intentions, their own missions, and the context of those missions" (Vincent, 2003). Moreover, Nelson went on, "Subordinates are told what effect they are to achieve and the reason why it needs to be achieved." That is good advice for today's leaders in the CG; explain the mission and why it is pivotal, don't just bellow out orders."
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"Newjack: Guarding Sing Sing", 2002.
A review of "Newjack: Guarding Sing Sing" by Ted Conover on his role as a correctional officer in prison.
650 words (approx. 2.6 pages), 1 source, AU$ 28.95
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Abstract
This paper will discuss the book "Newjack: Guarding Sing Sing" by Ted Conover and uncover the character development that unfolds in his role as a correctional officer in prison. By understanding this culture, we can the main elements of prison life from the view of a prison guard. The culture of the correctional will be discussed, as well as a point of view on the state of importation vs. deprivation model used by prisons within the book.
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China's Red Guard, 2002.
An overview of Communist China's Red Guards.
1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 4 sources, AU$ 47.95
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Abstract
This paper examines and analyzes Communist China's Red Guards, and discusses how the Red Guards attracted worldwide attention while serving as an extreme model for the student rebellions in the West in the late nineteen-sixties.
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The Home Guard and Guerilla Warfare: The Era of the American Civil War, 2001.
An analysis of the novel "Cold Mountain" by Charles Frazier and the portrayal of the Home Guard and guerilla warfare in the novel.
1,394 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 5 sources, AU$ 49.95
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Abstract
By analyzing Charles Frazier's novel "Cold Mountain" on the American Civil War, the paper shows the methods used by the guerillas and what life was like for them. The paper also examines whether the Home Guard and guerilla warfare were accurately portrayed in the novel.
From the Paper
"Cold Mountain's portrayal of the Home Guard is that of a rough and ragged group of vigilante man-hunters who dispense a brand of justice that suits their own needs and whims. From the outset of Inman's journey to freedom, he is constantly under watch for the notorious Home Guard. The Home Guard in Cold Mountain answers to no higher authority than their self, often acting in the book as judge, jury and executioner. Often enough in the book, they are not concerned about the identities of those men they capture and kill. This is shown several times throughout the novel. Many times the men of the Home Guard seem as nothing more than a rabble, but at other times they can appear quite organized. The Home Guard appears very effective in their pursuit, displaying an adeptness at hunting down and capturing their prey. There is also a sense of morbid pleasure in the men as they go about hunting and inflicting pain on others."
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Kent State University: May 4, 1970, 2004.
This paper discusses the 1970 anti-war protest at Ohio's Kent State University and its relationship to the First Amendment.
4,175 words (approx. 16.7 pages), 20 sources, MLA, AU$ 119.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, on May 4, 1970, when the National Guardsmen opened fire on a crowd of student anti-war protesters at Ohio's Kent State University, resulting in the death of four students and the wounding of eight more, there was a major violation of the First Amendment. The author points out that the shooting incident violated two parts of the First Amendment: The freedom of speech and the freedom to assemble. The paper relates that the most important question in understanding the events of May 4 is: Why did members of the Guard fire into a crowd of unarmed students? The paper gives us a choice: (1) The guardsmen fired in self-defense, and the shootings were therefore justified, or (2) the guardsmen were not in immediate danger and, therefore, the shootings were unjustified.
Table of Contents
Introduction
History
The Facts
Why Was the Ohio National Guard Called to Kent?
What Happened on the Kent State University Campus on Saturday May 2 and Sunday May 3 after the Guards Arrived on Campus?
What Type of Rally Was Held at Noon on May 4?
Who Made the Decision to Ban the Rally of May 4?
What Events Led Directly to the Shootings?
Deaths and Injuries
Why Did the Guardsmen Fire?
The First Amendment
Violation of Students Rights
Conclusion
From the Paper
"People die every day from diseases, hunger, murderers, suicide and cold-hearted people. On May 4, 1970 four students at Kent Sate University were unnecessarily shot and killed by members of the National Guard in a the middle of a student protest against the Vietnam War. Four days before this tragic event President Nixon told our country that American soldier were being sent into Cambodia to eliminate Communist sanctuaries. After the news reached the American public large amounts of protests started all over the nation against our soldiers even going to Vietnam for fear of our country making the war bigger then it already was. The next day an estimated five hundred students gathered in the school commons for a gentle student rally with the belief that President Nixon violated the U.S. Constitution by not letting our congress vote on whether or not we should send troops into Cambodia. The students proceeded to symbolize their belief that our President cheated the Constitution by burying a copy of the Constitution and standing strong behind their feelings that Nixon was indeed wrong."
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War and the African-American Community, 2004.
This paper uses Owen Dodson's poem, "Black Mother Praying" (1943), and Martin Luther King's "The Importance of Vietnam" (1964), to discuss the issue of war and the African-American community.
1,890 words (approx. 7.6 pages), 2 sources, MLA, AU$ 65.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that African-American men and women quite often are exposed to war not because of their patriotism and love of military life, but rather because of economic desperation and political disenfranchisement from the American dream. The author points out that Martin Luther King's speech upon the nature of the Vietnam War called for an end to the war and the draft because it was disproportionately waged upon the backs of America's desperate, poor black men, who could not afford a university education to obtain a deferral and did not have the political connections to obtain service in the National Guard. The paper relates that, in Owen Dodson's WWII poem, "Black Mother Praying", the great post-Harlem Renaissance poet's last poem in dialect, Dodson's fictive mother weeps for a son whose death is only for a nation that hates him.
From the Paper
"Early on in his speech, King highlights the dangerous divide that America is causing by going to war in Vietnam, stating that the war was doing far more than "devastating the hopes of the poor at home. It was sending their sons and their brothers and their husbands to fight and to die in extraordinarily high proportions relative to the rest of the population. We were taking the black young men who had been crippled by our society and sending them eight thousand miles away to guarantee liberties in Southeast Asia which they had not found in southwest Georgia and East Harlem. So we have been repeatedly faced with the cruel irony of watching Negro and white boys on TV screens as they kill and die together for a nation that has been unable to seat them together in the same schools."
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Prison Abuse, 2001.
Discusses California's Corcoran State Prison. Guards' use of deadly force, mentions the 1998 court case involving the shooting of an inmate by a guard. Denial of prisoners' civil rights.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 8 sources, AU$ 51.95
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From the Paper
"Corcoran State Prison, part of the California prison system, has become infamous as a place where prisoners are abused, where guards used prisoners to stage fights and then bet on the outcome, where complaints by prisoners led to punishment for the prisoners but not for the guards who were committing offenses, and where finally a court delivered a major verdict against the California state prison system.
In its first decade of operation, Corcoran State Prison, touted as a state-of-the-art facility, proved to be a very dangerous place for prisoners to be placed. In that first ten years, Corcoran guards shot and killed seven inmates, and only nine months after opening, guards shot and wounded three inmates in eight weeks. These shootings were ruled justified on the claim that the intent was to protect an inmate or guard. "
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The U.S. and Latin America (1900-1935), 2005.
This paper discusses the commercial subjugation of the nations of Latin America by the United States.
1,485 words (approx. 5.9 pages), 8 sources, MLA, AU$ 53.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, until the 1940s, Latin America was an economic "free zone" for the U.S., zealously guarded by the Monroe Doctrine, which was established in 1823, at a time when most Latin American nations were first tasting the freedom of their own statehood. The author points out that the determination of the U.S. to control commerce than the completion of the Panama Canal and the seizure of Panamanian lands to form a U.S. Canal Zone is the single most event to demonstrate American exploitation. The paper relates that "Dollar Diplomacy" still exists today; but, the first-third of this century saw a far more one-sided, brazen and opportunistic means of finding legal ways to get economic advantages because American businessmen, in combination with the State Department, looked upon Latin Americans as not trustworthy, not competent and certainly not the equal of the "democratic" Americans.
From the Paper
"Central America became the domain of agricultural enterprises, such as United Fruit and Standard Fruit Company. They literally "owned" and "ran" Nicaragua and Guatemala. Despite uprisings- the most serious occurred in 1930, where" a dozen Standard Fruit employees were killed, including eight Americans,...and the company begged for American intervention." A naval ship was sent to the scene, but the rebels had already gone. As Uncle Sam has positioned himself as the bringer of democracy to Latin America, so the American companies have followed the diplomats (or even preceded them) in order to have "the whip hand in negotiations with local governments, and the resulting foreign investments have brought fewer and fewer benefits to the host country.""
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Venezuelan Oil Policy: A Security Perspective, 2004.
This paper examines Venezuelan security policy as it applies to the protection and distribution of Venezuelan oil.
1,524 words (approx. 6.1 pages), 5 sources, MLA, AU$ 54.95
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Abstract
Venezuela has traditionally exhibited more peace and inner tranquility than its South American neighbors. It is one of the few South American governments in which the military exerts no influence on public policy. It is also very prosperous as compared to its neighbors, with the bulk of its wealth coming from its rich oil resources. Venezuela has been a stable democratic regime since the late 1950s, which also makes it an anomaly among other South American countries. However, Venezuela's peace and security should not be construed to mean that it has no security concerns. Venezuela has important resources that it must protect, radicals that it must keep in check, and politically unstable neighbors that it must continually guard against. This paper examines Venezuelan national security policy and makes specific recommendations as to what policies Venezuela should follow based on its particular national security concerns.
From the Paper
"Venezuela's location near major drug production centers and its vast jungles capable of hiding drug production operations make the illegal drug trade a major problem for Venezuela. Columbia, which is Venezuela's neighbor, is a major producer of cocaine, and cocaine producers in that country regularly transport their illegal products through Venezuela. This is because Venezuela has a long coastline bordering the Caribbean Sea, making it an ideal location from which to ship out the cocaine to international destinations. The fact that drug producers are using Venezuela as a shipping-off point for their products is of great concern. The presence of these drug producers in our country puts our citizens in danger. Drug producers and traffickers are not known for their peaceful qualities, and encounters with these people may result in harm to our citizens, especially if the traffickers believe our people are interfering in their activities. Some of our citizens may also be susceptible to being drawn into the drug trade from contact with the drug traffickers."
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