| Papers [1-16] of 100 :: [Page 1 of 7] | | Go to page : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 —> | Search results on "MINORITIES JUVENILE JUSTICE SYSTEM": |
|
|
Minorities within the Juvenile Justice System, 2002.
Investigates the Juvenile Justice Sytem Policy and the theory of disproportionate minority confinement.
2,400 words (approx. 9.6 pages), 5 sources, AU$ 128.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper explores the policies that the Juvenile Justice System has created to deal with juvenile offenders, in order to assess whether there is indeed an inherent propensity within the criminal justice system to sentence young minority offenders to correctional institutions in comparable crimes committed by white majority offenders.
| |
|
Juvenile Justice Systems, 2004.
This paper describes and evaluates England's and Canada's juvenile justice systems.
2,920 words (approx. 11.7 pages), 1 source, MLA, AU$ 125.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper explains that England and Canada appear to have juvenile justice systems similar to the system in the U.S. The author points out that, under the Youthful Offenders Act of 1854, England's Juvenile Justice System was created separate from the adult system. The paper relates that the Canada's juvenile justice system has gone through three different phases throughout the 20th century; the Juvenile Justice Act of 1908 defined the age of juvenile delinquency from 7 to either 17 or 18, depending on the province; in the 1960s and 1970s, Canada protected children by legal rights, especially constitutional rights; and, in 1995, an act amended the Young Offenders Act to focus on a multidisciplinary approach focused on why young people commit crimes and on rehabilitation.
Table of Contents
England's Juvenile Justice System
Prevention
The Persistent Young Offender
Overview of Youth Court
Summary
Canada's Juvenile Justice System
Canada's Youth Court
Summary
From the Paper
"Over the past few decades England has been trying to deal with an increasing crime rate. Property offenses have been increasing dramatically, which is creating a big concern for the public as well as those that work in the system. Throughout the past decade, the British have put a great deal of focus on dealing with a desire to divert more young people away from the formal adjudicatory process, while also developing a plan that deals with the most serious and persistent young offenders. Several Acts have been enacted to attempt to facilitate the administration and delivery of both objectives; they include the Criminal Justice Act (1991), the Criminal Justice and Public Order Act (1994), the Crime and Disorder Act (1998), and the Youth Justice and Criminal Evidence Act (1999)."
| |
|
The Juvenile Justice System, 2006.
This well-researched paper examines the juvenile justice system and its method of dealing with juvenile offenders which has cyclically gone from a rehabilitative approach to a punitive approach a number of times since its inception.
2,177 words (approx. 8.7 pages), 7 sources, MLA, AU$ 97.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper explores the history of the juvenile justice system, dating back to the 1820s and until the present. The juvenile justice system in dealing with juvenile offenders has cyclically gone from a rehabilitative approach to a punitive approach a number of times since its inception. The writer of this paper contends that in certain cases juvenile criminals should be treated differently than adults who commit the same crimes and supports this claim by detailing eight possible justifications. One justification is that adults are responsible for their acts, whereas juveniles are not. Another justification is that juveniles are more pliable than adults and respond better to treatment and rehabilitation.
This paper also details various research which examines the history of the juvenile justice system from 1820 which found that when juvenile crime is determined to be high, the justice system responds with severe punishments and few rehabilitative approaches. This paper also discusses the current approach to the juvenile justice system and questions its effectiveness in dealing with juvenile offenders.
From the Paper
"What the models or approaches have neglected up to this point is the importance of the victim and the community, accountability of the offender, and competency development. So far there has been the debate between punishment versus treatment as options, but both have negative side effects and essentially ignore everything else. The need for retribution may be satisfied by punishment, but the offender can be negatively affected. Punishment can undermine self-restraint, stigmatizes the offender and creates problems of adjustment, which encourages delinquency, to name a couple, but it also encourages offenders to focus on themselves, not the victim and their responsibility."
| |
|
Racism and Mental Health Issues in Juvenile Justice Systems, 2004.
Examines the problem of institutionalized racism in the U.S. juvenile justice system.
1,677 words (approx. 6.7 pages), 5 sources, APA, AU$ 78.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper looks at racial prejudice in the administration of juvenile justice from the point of view of who gets locked up, what happens once they?re in, and the built-in system cruelty. Incarceration statistics are included. A discussion of race as a factor in whether the juvenile offender receives mental health care and what actually goes on inside the juvenile justice system are topics addressed by this paper.
From the Paper
"Juvenile Justice System (JJS) increased by 41%; but more disturbing is the fact that in that time period, delinquency cases involving blacks jumped 78% and cases involving other non-white youths skyrocketed by 94% (Lardiero, 1997). Another key fact illustrating the institutional bias against minority kids is found in a 1987 study (by the National Council of Juvenile and Family Court Judges) of ethnicity in much-preferable private JJS facilities vs. generally miserable public JJS facilities: 35% of private inmates were minorities and 65% were white."
| |
|
American Juvenile Justice System in Crisis, 1992.
An examination of the juvenile justice system, assumed to be a system in crisis. Also determines the depth of the crisis and assesses causes and possible solutions.
2,475 words (approx. 9.9 pages), 11 sources, AU$ 126.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
From the Paper
"Introduction
Public administration presents us with many institutions in which to observe organizational behaviors, and the very form and structure of these institutions illuminates how organizations are formed and what influence different behaviors have on that formation. Leaders and policy makers in these organizations respond to perceptions of success or failure. An examination of a particular institution in crisis - the juvenile justice system - shows how administrators view the problem, how the problem developed, and how policy makers are influenced in determining what to do about it.
METHOD OF INQUIRY
The method of inquiry begins with the inductive examination of the issues involved..."
| |
|
Juvenile Justice System, 1999.
A discussion of the effectiveness and failures, origins in the 20th Century, purposes, procedures, state laws, arrest and detention, determination of status, hearings, examples, commitment and confinement of the juvenile justice system.
2,475 words (approx. 9.9 pages), 14 sources, AU$ 126.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
From the Paper
"Juvenile Justice System
Introduction
This research paper summarizes the principal features of the juvenile justice system in the United States and comments on some major issues facing it. The juvenile justice system involves all the parties involved in dealing with the juvenile, parents and surrogate parents, schools, the police and prosecutors, probation departments, the courts, correctional institutions and a variety of community and social agencies which deal with the juvenile after he or she comes into contact with the law.
Origins and Broad Trends
Judge L. P. Edwards (1992) explained:
Established in the later nineteenth century, the juvenile court was for some a humanitarian institution intended to..."
| |
|
Juvenile Justice System, 2002.
A paper discussing the history of the American system of juvenile justice.
740 words (approx. 3.0 pages), 5 sources, MLA, AU$ 38.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper looks at the way in which juvenile offenders were punished as harshly as adult offenders and were subject to corporal and capital punishment, prior to the 1800's. It discusses how the current American system of juvenile justice is based on hundreds of years of legal traditions, some of which are discussed in brief in this paper.
From the Paper
"In the early 1800's, people were starting to see children in a different light, as persons at a unique level of human development rather than little adults; with equal moral and cognitive capacities. Several alternatives to imprisonment came about during the 1800's. The cottage system eliminated large congregate living situations and placed smaller cottage-like buildings together. The placing out system placed adolescents from urban slum areas with families in rural areas to teach them how to work and learn under the guidance of a family. Upper class, troubled adolescents were sent to military school to learn discipline. In the late 1800's and early 1900's, juvenile and family courts were established to separate juvenile delinquents from adult criminals. The child-saving movement was started at this time and the juvenile system was changed to include juvenile, courts, probation, child guidance clinics, truant officers and reformatories."
| |
|
Juvenile Criminal Justice System, 2002.
A discussion of the pros and cons of increasing the punishment possible for certain young offenders, especially those involved in violence.
1,743 words (approx. 7.0 pages), 7 sources, MLA, AU$ 81.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper examines how more and more states and the federal government have been considering or passing legislation that diverts juvenile offenders from the juvenile justice system to the adult justice system because of an increase in violent crime committed by juveniles. It looks at how major news stories such as the shooting at Littleton, Colorado is one reason, but so is the increase in gang shootings and similar violence in urban regions. It discusses how the development of a more violent youth population involves many forces and pressures and cannot be answered simply by shifting young people to adult courts. It looks at how critics claim that this has been done because the juvenile justice system has failed, however, statistics show that shifting juveniles to adult court is also a policy that fails, so it is hardly a reasonable substitute.
From the Paper
"Other statistics are even more frightening. Webber cites the Children's Defense Fund, which estimates that an American child is arrested for a violent crime every 5 minutes and is killed by guns every 2 hours. Nine in 10 young murder victims in the industrialized world are Americans. Between 1979 and 1991, nearly 50,000 American children were killed by guns, which is more than the number of Americans killed in Vietnam in 25 years. An American child is 15 times more likely to be killed by gunfire in the United States than is a child living in Northern Ireland. More than half the people arrested for murder in the United States in 1991 were under age 25, and juvenile arrests for murder and non-negligent manslaughter rose 93 percent between 1982 and 1991. It is more and more common for young people to kill each other, and 55 percent of juvenile homicides in 1995 involved friends and acquaintances (Webber)."
| |
|
History Of Juvenile Justice System, 1899-1975, 1999.
Examines origins, purposes, philosophy, compared to the adult system, focusing on procedural safeguards of the 1960-70s.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 4 sources, AU$ 68.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
"Determining a defining moment in juvenile justice should mean identifying a key action which has had not only an immediate impact but also a long-term impact. Additionally, it should be a moment that would have a national impact as opposed to one confined to a single state, though such an impact might develop over time as an idea implemented in one state would spread slowly to others and then become an accepted element in the system. Admittedly, this might not be defined as a moment, but this has to be considered in the context of what went before and what came after, showing that the event, moment, or movement produced a major paradigm shift in the way the issue is viewed.
From the Paper
"Determining a defining moment in juvenile justice should mean identifying a key action which has had not only an immediate impact but also a long-term impact. Additionally, it should be a moment that would have a national impact as opposed to one confined to a single state, though such an impact might develop over time as an idea implemented in one state would spread slowly to others and then become an accepted element in the system. Admittedly, this might not be defined as a moment, but this has to be considered in the context of what went before and what came after, showing that the event, moment, or movement produced a major paradigm shift in the way the issue is viewed. The beginning of the juvenile justice system is itself a defining moment, suggesting the way the American court system would treat juvenile offenders after that time. However, while this paradigm ..."
| |
|
Juvenile Justice System, 1996.
Examines theories of juvenile crime, rise in violent offenses, need for systemic reform, role of media & parents, guns & drugs and social aspects.
2,250 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 6 sources, AU$ 114.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
From the Paper
" The cause, prevention and punishment of juvenile offenders has become the number one concern in America. The public perception that juvenile crime is out of control and becoming more violent is growing throughout the country. Unfortunately, statistics from the FBI and Justice Department agree with the public perception. Youth crime is on the increase and becoming more violent. The number of youths arrested for murder and weapons? violations has almost doubled over the last 10 years.
Criminologists, psychologists, and other behavioral scientists have studied juvenile delinquency extensively, and a number of theories have been developed. One theory suggests that children from the poorest part of society lack opportunities to develop in socially acceptable ways. This lack creates a predilection to delinquency. Another theory is that delinquency.."
| |
|
Juvenile Justice Systems, 2001.
Compares system in the U.S. & in Japan. Contrasts crime rates, interventions, strategies, effectiveness. 3 Tables.
3,150 words (approx. 12.6 pages), 15 sources, AU$ 161.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
From the Paper
"Introduction
In the United States, the public and politicians alike perceive a significant and frightening increase in youth crime and violence; concerns about the capacity of the juvenile justice system to rehabilitate chronic and violent youthful offenders while simultaneously protecting public safety accompany the growing fear of youth crime (Feld, 1999). In Japan, where the juvenile justice system has been characterized as incorporating Franco-Germano-American ingredients (Kitamura, 1993), juvenile crime is substantially less than in the United States. The official murder rates per 100,000 population in Japan, and the official theft rates in that country are one-sixth and one-fourth those of the United States, respectively; similarly, juvenile..."
| |
|
Justice System For Juvenile Crime, 2002.
Discusses the pros and cons of a separate juvenile system.
1,800 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 6 sources, AU$ 91.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
Discusses the pros and cons of a separate juvenile system. Arguments and opinions on whether age should determine an individual's guilt and criminality. Contends that children who break the law should be treated differently from adults. The roots of juvenile justice as a concept in America. Public attitudes. Age and criminal intent.
From the Paper
"This paper is a discussion of the pros and cons of having a separate system of justice to deal with juvenile crime. Since the first courts were established to provide for different ways of dealing with youthful offenders, American society has gone through alternating waves in its opinions about whether age should determine an individual=s culpability and what the primary purpose of juvenile justice should be. Research has tried to find out whether more severe penalties or the assignment of certain crimes to adult courts, despite the age of the perpetrator, have any effects on the frequency or the rate of recidivism of especially violent crimes, with mixed results. The system as it exists treats younger offenders inconsistently, often depriving them of rights which are routinely part of the adult system. Most experts agree that juvenile justice in ..."
| |
|
The Future of Juvenile Justice, 2006.
A discussion on the current problems in juvenile justice and the future of the juvenile justice system.
1,988 words (approx. 8.0 pages), 6 sources, MLA, AU$ 91.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper discusses five factors that are believed to be significant in the occurrence and prevention of juvenile delinquency. It explores the ways in which the family, community, law enforcement, probation and courts can utilize the information to improve the juvenile justice system. Finally, the paper gives recommendations for future improvements to the juvenile justice system.
Table of Contents:
Abstract
Family
Education
Environment
Social Status
Religion
Law Enforcement
Courts
Probation
Conclusion
From the Paper
"With the recent influx of juvenile crime, especially serious crimes, the juvenile justice system has taken a lot of criticisms as to its mission and effectiveness. Society as a whole is becoming more interested which prompts law makers and law enforcers to take a harder look at the current system. During this paper, we are going to discuss five concepts that we believe to be the most significant social facts in the occurrence and/or prevention of juvenile delinquency. Those five concepts are family, education, environment, social status, and religion. Finally, we are going to discuss ways that we believe may help reduce juvenile delinquency in the future."
| |
|
Intake Procedures For Juvenile Justice, 2004.
A discussion on whether the intake processes in the juvenile justice systems are really fair.
1,019 words (approx. 4.1 pages), 5 sources, MLA, AU$ 52.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper examines how there are many valid, and even disturbing, questions surrounding fairness issues in the processing (arrest, intake screening, assignment to incarceration) of juveniles into the criminal justice system in America. It looks at how the disproportionate number of minorities locked up in juvenile justice systems is a glaring issue that has not really been addressed adequately. It also discusses how it is likely that the intake processes are going to continue to be based prevention and punishment rather than fairness and justice.
From the Paper
"Bias against minority children incarcerated in the juvenile justice system ? and a lack of good mental health service for them ? is an unequivocal reality. Certainly, based on the research (Thomas, et al, 1999) an analysis of previous empirical data, it appears that when the juvenile is an African American, that offender is far more apt to a) receive a more severe disposition at the intake level; and, b) when in potential need of mental health services, be tossed in JJS lockup rather than given the health care required. Research shows that adolescents are clearly subject to ?irrevocable stereotypes? in JJSs, the authors say, an ?inequitable? phenomenon which has invoked criticism from a wide range of groups."
| |
|
Juvenile Justice, 2004.
Examines the evolution of the juvenile justice system in the United States.
1,039 words (approx. 4.2 pages), 4 sources, MLA, AU$ 52.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
Following events such as the Columbine High shooting, the American public began to demand a re-evaluation of the juvenile justice system in the nation. This paper presents an historical examination of the juvenile justice system in America. The writer discusses the start of the system and the major changes that have taken place in the system over the past 100 years.
From the Paper
"Some of the major changes that took place during the birth and growth of the juvenile justice system around the nation was the way it handled its cases. The system did not punish as much as it worked at guiding the juveniles to make better choices when they reached adult life. One of the systems that was used on a regular basis in the early years involved reformatories. Often called reform schools or reform farms, they were set up to house juveniles who had found their way into the system. The founding theory of reform housing was to keep the juvenile away from bad influences."
| |
|
Juvenile Justice: How Just Is It?, 2002.
This paper questions the current juvenile justice system and presents suggestions for its improvement.
1,205 words (approx. 4.8 pages), 5 sources, MLA, AU$ 60.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper discusses that one possible improvement to the juvenile system is trying violent juvenile offenders as adults. The author points out that there are proponents for the idea that a juvenile defendant is entitled to be tried in front of a jury of his or her peers. The paper concludes that changes to the juvenile justice system should be guided by solid research, rather than by subjective notions that bad children will necessarily become bad adults.
From the Paper
"Forty-year-old printer Terry King was asleep in his Florida home when he was bludgeoned to death with a baseball bat and his home set ablaze in an apparent attempt to destroy the evidence. His longtime friend Ricky Chavez and his two young sons Alex, 12 and Derek, 13 stood trial separately for his murder. Chavez, a convicted child molester who admittedly molested both Alex and Derek for years and was implicated in the murder of Terry King, was found not guilty; but both Alex and Derek (who were tried as adults) were found guilty and sentenced to serve prison terms."
|
|
|
