| Papers [1-16] of 100 :: [Page 1 of 7] | | Go to page : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 —> | Search results on "MINARETS MIDDLE EAST": |
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Minarets in the Middle East, 2001.
The origin and importance of minarets in the Islamic world.
1,225 words (approx. 4.9 pages), 8 sources, MLA, AU$ 60.95
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Abstract
This paper tracks the origin of minarets in the Islamic world. It shows the meaning of the word "minaret" the placement and importance of minarets in culture, as well as architectural characteristics.
From the Paper
"There are many clues as to the origin of the word "minaret". It has been suggested that it comes from the Arabic root "nar", which means "place of fire and light". This is a correct assumption because, often times, the muezzin would carry a torch or lantern to light his way. This is supported by the definition for the Arabic word for "lighthouse" - manara (Bloom 9-11). In Aramaic, manara is translated as "candlestick" which would also be a sensible answer because minarets are often constructed as slim and elegant as possible to resemble candlesticks (Kjeilen "Minaret")"
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Canada and the Middle East, 2006.
This paper explores Canada's contributions towards the struggles in the Middle East and the Middle East peace process.
2,060 words (approx. 8.2 pages), 5 sources, MLA, AU$ 93.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses Canada's involvement, past and present, in the conflicts in the Middle East relative to other nations. The paper details the numerous conflicts in the Middle East over the years. The paper explores the contributions of other nations towards the Middle East peace process and demonstrates how the contributions of Canada, unlike many other nations, are effective, but silent.
From the Paper
"Past and present, the Middle East has been in a constant state of chaos, involving nations worldwide. Progressing negatively with no major improvement, many third parties, alongside the Arab nations, have put forth constant efforts, despite many failures, in an attempt to restore the Middle East to its once peaceful state. The active contributions by many nations, including the United States of America, and the Soviet Union, have been witnessed and recognized worldwide. The contributions of Canada, unlike the many other nations, are effective, but silent."
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Conflict in the Middle East, 2005.
A discussion on why the Middle East can be considered a conflict area.
26,575 words (approx. 106.3 pages), 40 sources, MLA, AU$ 360.95
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Abstract
Over the last hundred years, the Middle East has been one of the most troubled regions in the world. This paper attempts to define the attributes for success in the modern world that the Arab community lacks such as freedom, knowledge and woman power and how these impact the current political situation.
Outline
Islam Causes Conflict in the Middle East
Islam Does Not Cause Conflict in the Middle East
The Arab-Israeli Dispute Causes Conflict in the Middle East
Israeli Leadership Contributes to Conflict in the Middle East
Palestinian Leadership Contributes to Conflict in the Middle East
Lack of Democracy Contributes to Conflict in the Middle East
Oil Profits Cause Conflict in the Middle East
Water Scarcity Could Cause Conflict in the Middle East
From the Paper
"Sharon has spent years trying to erase the stain of the Lebanon War. Still, the legal defeat would seem to be the least of his troubles. After he won the premiership by promising to bring peace and security to Israel's citizens, Sharon has produced neither. The conflict with the Palestinians continues to escalate. The day of the court ruling, four Israelis died in Palestinian attacks; the following day, six soldiers died in a strike against an army roadblock. Sharon responded with a rare speech to the nation--in which he disappointed all expectations that he would announce a new policy direction. Among voters, confidence that he has a strategy is bleeding away. In one Israeli public-opinion poll, 29 percent of respondents said that Sharon had a clear plan, while 58 percent said he was simply reacting to events."
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Joel Beinin's "Workers and Peasants in the Modern Middle East", 2005.
This paper discuses Joel Beinin's "Workers and Peasants in the Modern Middle East", a modern history of the Middle East from the perspective of the changing peasant and urban artisan classes and the emerging modern working-classes.
1,880 words (approx. 7.5 pages), 0 sources, AU$ 87.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Joel Beinin's "Workers and Peasants in the Modern Middle East" begins in 1750, which marks the start of modern history for the Middle East because of (1) the rise of autonomous provincial regimes, (2) the expansion of agricultural production and (3) the intensification of links between several parts of the Ottoman Empire and the world capitalist market. The author points out that Beinin argues that industrial manufacturing was introduced to the Middle East as part of a drive to establish modern armies and extend the power of the states. The paper relates that Beinin considers the period after the collapse of global oil prices in 1985-86, when states became unable to provide previously established levels of services, thus creating an economic and moral vacuum, as the beginning of the political Islamic movements of establishing a popular base by offering social services, including education, health care and child care.
From the Paper
"During the era of Fordism-Keynesianism many Middle Eastern states pursued policies of populism, nationalist anti-imperialism, state-led economic development, and import-substitution industrialization. Some examples of this post-World War II trend he cites were Muhammad Mossadegh's nationalization of the Anglo-Iranian Oil Company in 1951 and Egypt's nationalization of the Suez Canal Company in 1956. State-led development and import-substitution industrialization were key components of the social policies advanced by Gamal 'Abd al-Nasir in Egypt, the Ba'th in Syria and Iraq and the Algerian National Liberation Front (FLN) from the 1950s to the 1970s. The political and economic programs of these authoritarian-populist regimes were designated "Arab nationalism" and "Arab socialism" respectively."
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Modern Middle East, 2007.
An analysis of the Middle East according to two books entitled "The Modern Middle East: A History", one written by James Gelvin and the other by Sun Allah Ibrahim.
1,059 words (approx. 4.2 pages), 2 sources, MLA, AU$ 54.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses two books entitled "The Modern Middle East: A History," one written by James Gelvin and the other by Sun Allah Ibrahim. The paper discusses the differing views of the two authors on the same subject with Gelvin suggesting that the Middle East has remained tyrannical and economically stagnant, while Ibrahim suggests that Western ideology has penetrated the once supposedly pure nationalist governments of the Middle East.
From the Paper
"The young man's choice, that of a doctor who is famous for his works of global outreach and philanthropy, shows that the apparently noxious ideology of globalization has already penetrated even his consciousness. The reason the doctor is seen as evil in the book is because he is an international figure, and globalization is deemed to be harmful. The committee is afraid that if the young man selects this doctor, the regime's true ideology will be revealed, and the Westernized control of the Middle East will make itself known to the general population. The ideology of the supposed diversification of interests of modern economic life masks the real, controlling presence of the West that is manifest even on the Carter buses that run through the streets. This demonstrates that the nation is in the grips of a consumption ideology that only results the people consuming things against their own true nation's interests. Rather than Coca-Cola, Ibrahim suggests, better to drink in the ideology of true anti-capitalist nationalism."
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Future Wars of the Middle East, 2006.
A research paper exploring the possibility of a future breakout of war in the Middle East and North Africa due to the scarcity of water throughout the region.
20,838 words (approx. 83.4 pages), 48 sources, MLA, AU$ 360.95
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Abstract
This dissertation presents a case study of the possibility of future wars throughout the Middle East and North Africa due to water scarcity and limited water resources presently being experienced in that region. The paper starts by revealing the gravity of the situation by showing the present statistics surrounding the problem of water scarcity throughout the world. Thereafter, the paper highlights the importance of water in the national economy. From then on, the paper discusses the present situation of water scarcity in the Middle East by noting the present available resources of water in the Middle East. Lastly, the paper highlights the reason underlying possible future water wars in the Middle East and North Africa. The paper concludes by briefly analyzing the findings and assessing possible variables and alternative scenarios that might be adapted by the Middle East and North African states to avert war.
Table of Contents
Abstracts
Synopsis
Introduction
The Importance of the Availability of Water
Presently Available Water Resources in the Middle East
The Conflict in the Future
Hypothesis
Review of Related Literature
Methodology
Collection of Data
Data Analysis and Search Tactics
Limitations of the Study
Findings
Geographic Location
Regional Tension, Disharmony and Centuries of Conflict
Vague International and National Laws
Population Explosion
Increase Demand and Decrease Supply
Pollution
Water Exploitation Methods
Economic Growth in the Middle East
Border Conflicts
The Domestic Situation and Regional Conflicts
Assessment of Expected Variables
Conclusion
From the Paper
"At present, as mentioned above, approximately 40% of the world's population is dealing with the scarcity of water. In fact, hundreds and thousands of humans travel all year long in search of water. They live their lives like nomads and remain in one place until they have utilized the water resources. While, this picture is very noticeable in the Middle East countries, more and more countries are joining the listing of such countries. Experts fear that if the present situation is not given the due attention, then by the middle of this century, almost 65% of the world's population will be confronting water scarcity and famine (Steve Lonergan, 1996). The gravity of the situation in the Middle East can be gauged from the fact that in the mid 1990's almost 8 countries from this region fell below the international standards of "absolute water scarcity," while many others had been on the brink of falling below the redline (Robert Engelman and Pamela LeRoy, 1993). This situation occurs when the yearly per capita fresh water accessibility of a nation drops below 500 cubic meters. These 8 countries in the Middle East faced inbuilt problems and difficulties of water scarcity that severely threatened the public healthcare structure, as well as, hindered the growth and development of the socio-economic system. To add to the difficulty, these regions have one of the highest population growth rates in the world. One does not have to be a rocket scientist to determine the fate of countries if their water resources come to a stand still while their population is rapidly growing at the rate of more than 3 percent (Ashok Swain, 1996)."
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U.S. Foreign Policy in the Middle East, 2006.
Examines America's foreign policy in the Middle East since 1991.
2,764 words (approx. 11.1 pages), 17 sources, APA, AU$ 119.95
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Abstract
This paper critically assesses the impact of U.S. foreign policy on the Middle East since 1991. It explores how the post-Cold War global order affects Middle East politics and how the conflict in the Middle East affects the 'New World Order'.
Table of Contents:
Part I: Summary
Part II: Background to and Nature of American Policy in the Middle East since 1991
Part III: Impact of American Policy in the Middle East
Part IV: Conclusion.
From the Paper
"America's policy of coercive appropriation of the region's only major resource has had another parallel, though highly profound impact. In order to break free from what the countries of the region perceive as the American stranglehold over their resources, many countries have started cooperating with each other to exploit the oil-rich Caspian region. Based on the idea of excluding America from the pipeline grid, this brings several countries from even outside the periphery of the Middle East in close ties with each other. This could spell a total alteration of the geo-strategic dynamics of the region."
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The Financial Crisis in East Asian Economies, 2006.
An analysis of the East Asian financial crisis of 1997-1998 and whether the crisis is really over.
1,800 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 3 sources, AU$ 102.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the East Asian financial crisis of 1997-1998 and how it represented not only a shock to the regional economies of East Asia but, in a larger context, a blow to the confidence of global financial markets in the fundamental structural soundness of East Asian economies. The paper points out that the East Asian economies that were at the center of the crisis - in particular, Thailand and South Korea - were also among those being most highly praised for their market liberalization and fiscal prudence during the regional economic boom of the 1990s. This, in particular, represented troubling concerns for the global economic community in terms of the validity and trustworthiness of assessments of East Asian economies. With this in mind, this paper considers whether it is safe to assume that the crisis is truly over.
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American Foreign Policy in the Middle East, 2002.
A look at the history of the relationship between the Middle East and the Western World.
1,454 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 9 sources, MLA, AU$ 70.95
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Abstract
This paper describes the history of foreign policy in the Middle East. It goes into the vast differences between cultures of the Arab world and cultures of the rest of the world and compares them in a global environment. Terms, such as globalization, tribalism, and imperialism are discussed and used to compare relations between the Middle East and the Western world. The paper also goes into current trends in foreign policy toward the Middle East. It has become more manipulating than helpful. The people of the Middle East still suffer, despite the efforts of the United States. In fact, the United States government is more concerned with maintaining a balance of power between Middle Eastern nations than maintaining the integrity of human rights. This paper places all of this content into an organized display.
From the Paper
"The events that are occurring at this very time in the Middle East are grim. Every place one looks, there is a violation of human rights, someone being killed, a war going on, or a level of poverty exists that an American could not even comprehend. Throughout the beautiful landscapes, warlords and military dictators have taken over countries and the populations live in fear. In the news, Americans see huge crowds cheering when the US flag is burnt, and the president being hung. After September 11, 2001, American children could see Arab children on television cheering at the disaster. The roots of this Arab rage lead right back to American foreign policy in the region."
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Does the State Still Matter in the Middle East?, 2006.
An in-depth examination of the nature and reality of the state in the Middle East.
5,332 words (approx. 21.3 pages), 12 sources, MLA, AU$ 189.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses whether the state in the Middle East still exists at all given the that the power and sovereign structures of the Middle East are so complicated and varied. The paper attempts to address this topic by first providing a definition of the state and then by addressing how the issues of terrorism, power structures, and the fragmented nature of regional politics and religion, impact directly upon the nation state in a way that is unfamiliar in western political processes. The paper then examines the theoretical nature and physical beginnings of the nation state itself and shows how the Middle East state is failing to even meet the basic criteria of what is expected of a functioning sovereign entity. The paper further discusses how the position of the state is continually and systematically challenged and it is therefore unsurprising that the state is imperilled and its ability to act as the sole sovereign entity over a given territory and population is impaired. The paper concludes that the Middle East must find its own avenues to pursue in order to ensure that the accountable nation state becomes the sole object of political power.
From the Paper
"The Middle East represents probably the most complicated and disorientated collection of political power processes in the modern world. For centuries however this was not so, and the 'Muslim world' as it is so commonly and unhelpfully phrased showed advancements in science, engineering and military proficiency that dazzled its competitors. However, with the collapse of the Ottoman Empire after the First World War, the unitary political system that had dominated the region for centuries disintegrated into boiling antagonisms between religious and ethnic groups that colonial domination was only relatively successful in subduing. It was the natural conclusion that as colonial power began to reduce in the face of vehement movements of regional self-determination, these ancient antagonisms would be given full reign. It is the pinnacle of this process that we see in action in the modern Middle East."
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Shia Imami Ismaili Muslims in East Africa, 2001.
This paper traces the socio-economic and political issues throughout history encountered by the Shia Imami Muslims in East Africa.
4,667 words (approx. 18.7 pages), 8 sources, APA, AU$ 174.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the Shia Imami Ismaili Muslim community which prospered greatly in East Africa, due to its distinct socio-economic and political structure and issues that distinguished it not only from other Indians, but also from other Muslim communities. It shows that their prosperity was also due to the guidance of their leader, the Aga Khan, who also helped them overcome the socio-economic and political issues they encountered as members of East African society.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Brief history & Background of Ismaili Muslims
Migration of Ismailis from India to East Africa
Internal Conflicts within the Ismaili Community
Differences between Nizari Muslims and other Muslims in East Africa
Conflicts within the society as the Aga Khan tries to modernize his community
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Indian merchants have visited East Africa for almost two thousand years to trade ivory, rubber, cattle, goats, grain, copra, gum, copal, hides, and horses. The majority of the Indians settled there today, however, began to emigrate from India during the early nineteenth century during the reign of Said bin Sultan. Said was the ruler of Muscat, who inherited sovereignty over Zanzibar and parts of the African coast, and took this opportunity to develop foreign trade in his dominions. In order to do so, when his capital transferred form Muscat to Zanzibar, he encouraged the immigration of Asian traders to Zanzibar, and also took some Indian advisers with him. He gave them ?complete religious, social, and economic freedom.? At the time, and probably for generations before it, banking, commerce, and even small retail on the African coast were run by Indians, causing the colony to flourish and grow. Emigration increased significantly between 1840 and the 1870s, and amongst the Indians were also Nizari Khojas (Shia Imami Ismaili Muslims). Though they encountered obstacles on the way, the Shia Imami Ismaili Muslim community prospered greatly in East Africa, mostly because of its distinct socio-economic and political structure and issues that distinguished it not only from other Indians, but also from other Muslim communities. Their prosperity was also due to the guidance of their leader, the Aga Khan, who also helped them overcome the socio-economic and political issues they encountered as members of East African society."
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Modernization in East Asia, 2006.
An analysis of the effect of modernization, globalization and transnationalism on East Asia.
1,844 words (approx. 7.4 pages), 3 sources, MLA, AU$ 86.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the effect of modernization on East Asia. The paper discusses whether globalization, modernization and transnationalism have resulted in a loss of identity and tradition in East Asia. It concludes that East Asian cultural ideals have not been compromised and replaced by Western cultural ideals, but rather modified.
From the Paper
"Globalization, modernization, transnationalism. Each of these words evokes a wide spectrum of emotion in persons across the world ranging from extreme fear for loss of identity and tradition, to optimism regarding the future of the world, to indifference--a feeling that such concepts will not likely affect life in a meaningful way. Despite various sentiments concerning these concepts, one thing remains constant: "global culture," (if such a thing exists), is highly diverse. As culture spreads from one nation to another, the effect of this unique constant seems to be assimilation rather than substitution. Two films, The Japanese Version and Eat, Drink, Man, Woman as well as one compilation of essays collectively entitled Golden Arches East: McDonald's in East Asia suggest that modernization has not replaced tradition; instead, it has initiated a series of welcomed modifications in East Asian culture, enhancing the preexisting traditional culture. These works reveal how Western influence has changed family dynamics, gender roles, and how Asians interrelate. The works examine two sides to foreign influence; they evaluate ideals that were consciously imported by Asians as well as ideals that have infiltrated Asian culture by way of American economic interest or other similar processes. Regardless of how these influences arrived in Asia, their impact is irrefutably significant and will likely shape the future of not only East Asian culture, but also global relations, particularly between the previously divided East and West."
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Violence in South-East Asia, 2002.
A discussion of the relationship between South-East Asia politics and violence.
1,225 words (approx. 4.9 pages), 2 sources, MLA, AU$ 60.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how democratic governments in South-East Asia use violence as a tool for legitimacy. It explores the unique characteristics of some of the South-East Asian democracies with a comparative focus on the cases of Thailand and East Timor. The first part of the paper looks at how the Thai and Indonesian governments use violence and their links with the military to validate and strengthen their political legitimacy. The second part explores how these governments further use violence to quell dissent and maintain their legitimacy on an international stage, to important financial institutions like the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank, as well as to other countries. In the conclusion, the paper looks at the characteristics of Thai and Indonesian political institutions, which make violence an important component of maintaining political legitimacy. It posits that the rapid economic growth sweeping the region presents opportunities for more equitable distribution of resources and a greater recognition of individual civil rights.
From the Paper
"This formulation presupposes that the absence of protest is the same as rational compliance. In South-East Asia, however, the seeming rational compliance often masks an undercurrent of coercion that makes dissent impossible and dangerous. This coercion is illustrated clearly East Timor?s bloody struggle for independence. During two decades of Indonesian rule, the Indonesian government used military force to commit atrocities on par with the Khmer Rouge in Cambodia. The Indonesian military government took over East Timor?s coffee exports and other businesses. Corruption was rampant as Indonesian economic migrants swarmed into the area for the jobs. In contrast to the Indonesians who profited from the area?s business, many East Timorese experienced extreme hardship (Kingsbury 397)."
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The Modern Middle East, 2004.
This paper discusses the influence of the growth of terrorism in the Middle East.
2,785 words (approx. 11.1 pages), 7 sources, MLA, AU$ 120.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that terrorism, in essence, has contributed tremendously to the demise of the Middle East region; even today, there seems to be no solution being offered by the United Nations nor the Middle Eastern nations themselves to somehow reach a consensus and work towards the betterment of this region as a whole. The paper stresses that there is another side to this story: Many believe that Muslims have used the West as an excuse for all their problems, and that all these terrorist activities are the result of the internal resentment by Muslims of the success of the West in all aspects of life, socially, politically, or economically. This author believes that, if one looks at the entire regions profile, it is the Israel-Palestinian conflict which is basically the most important connection between the past and present of terrorism in the Middle East and is the most dominating factor influencing modern Middle East today.
From the Paper
"Terrorist incidents have taken place throughout the Middle East for the past many years. The Tel-Aviv and Jerusalem dominated terrorist incidents in the Middle East have resulted in numerous deaths over the years. The radical Islamic Resistance Movement (HAMAS) and the Palestine Islamic Jihad (PIJ) have been responsible for many terrorist attacks, suicide bombings etc. Similarly, in Egypt, although terrorist incidents have been controlled, the al-Gama'at al-Islamiyya (Islamic Group or IG) has been responsible for many deaths especially those of tourists in Cairo. Even in Algeria, political violence and killings have been the usual norm. Car bombings, bombings at public places, unnecessary killings of civilians have been quite common in Algeria. The Armed Islamic Group (GIA) was responsible for the kidnapping and killing of French monks. Many similar incidents have been seen in the Middle East over the past many years."
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The British East India Company, 2008.
This paper discusses the history of the British East India Company and its monopoly of trade from 1757 to 1813.
1,605 words (approx. 6.4 pages), 11 sources, MLA, AU$ 75.95
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Abstract
The paper explains that, in 1600, the British East India Company charter from Queen Elizabeth gave the incorporated merchants monopoly privileges on all trade with the East Indies. The author points out that, when the Company entered Oceania, they encountered well established Dutch settlements from Goa to Japan around that lower Southeast Asian rim. The paper relates that the monopoly of trade by the British East India Company from 1757 to 1813 came about not through trade but through the intrusion of power politics by the destruction of the Mughal empire and the usurpation of the opium monopoly of Bengal. The paper includes many quotations.
From the Paper
"The path from profit to power, and the ultimate combination of both through opium, lay in the struggle between the British and the Dutch, and between the British and the Indian princes. The Dutch had in fact been at war with the British throughout the 17th century, and they had become well established in Southeast Asia. In 1634, the Vleilandt sailed from the Coromandel Coast across the Bay of Bengal to Syriam establishing three factories there for the VOC, Verenigde Oostindische Compagnie, the Dutch East India Company."
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The Flying Geese Economic Development Model and East Asia, 2004.
This paper discusses the Flying Geese economic development theory-- the way production techniques are introduced to the less developed countries by the highly developed countrie. It also describes the development of the East Asian?s economies.
3,525 words (approx. 14.1 pages), 16 sources, APA, AU$ 142.95
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Abstract
This paper relates that, as this Flying Geese pattern of development progresses, countries in the Asian region become more and more integrated and interdependent. The author states that the Flying Geese model describes how industry passes through five stages: Introduction, import substitution, export, mature and reverse-import stages. The paper concludes that the significance of Flying Geese model in East Asia?s economic development is declining in recent time as high technology is introduced and globalization takes place. Tables.
Table of Contents
Introduction
The Meaning of Flying Geese Model
Evidences of Flying Geese Pattern Development in East Asia.
Significance of Flying Geese Hypothesis in East Asia Economic Development.
High Inflows of FDI and Export Expansion
International Economic Development.
Inter-Industry and Intra-Industry Trade Pattern.
Regional Integration
Declining Significance of Flying Geese Model in Recent Time
Conclusion
From the Paper
"When reaching export stage, the growth of domestic demand will decline. Exports of the product have begun to increase and imports decline. The strong exports enable the country to import capital goods for continued expansion of production. Inward FDI becomes significant as the same industry in the advanced countries has lost its comparative advantage and has to relocate to developing countries. As the industry gets into its mature stage, production slows down due to increasing costs and intensified competition from late-starting countries."
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