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The military and the media., 2002.
2,650 words (approx. 10.6 pages), 9 sources, AU$ 141.95
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Abstract
This paper is on "The military and the media". It includes the history of the military's use of the media since the Revolutionary War. It also discusses how the military manipulates the media, what it allows to be shown/aired and how the military's own form of media-psy-ops (psychological warfare).
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Military and Media Role in Vietnam War, 2003.
Assesses what the role of the media was in the United States' defeat in the Vietnam War.
2,700 words (approx. 10.8 pages), 9 sources, MLA, AU$ 116.95
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Abstract
During the course of this essay the writer evaluates and examines the legitimacy of the claim that the US media had a role in the defeat of the United States in the Vietnam War because it turned public opinion against the war and thus made the war unwinnable. The writer maintains that this claim has to some extent been allowed to cloud the discussion over why the US were unsuccessful in Vietnam. The writer maintains that the media role was an extremely influential element in the eventual US withdrawal, but it was by no means the most important component. The writer begins by examining the role of military factors in America's defeat, ranging from flaws in the overall policy of containment to the military ineptness of US forces in the field. The writer maintains that these factors played a pivotal role in the US's inability to successfully prosecute the war. The writer then moves onto the media impact, which in itself was a tremendously important factor.
From the Paper
"As is often the case when an enemy lives and survives within the wider population, the US forces found it virtually impossible to distinguish between Vietcong fighters and South Vietnamese civilians; they simply could not tell who the enemy was. The chemical defoliant agent orange was used to destroy forests or anything else that might give cover to the enemy, very often accompanied by the explosive jelly napalm. This military strategy produced few favourable results for the US and the effect it had on anyone caught in its path was devastating. Therefore, what these types of attacks did serve to do was to alienate US forces from the wider population and therefore destroy any possibility of winning 'hearts and minds'. Furthermore, although bombing intensified and the number of troops and equipment grew rapidly, US forces still found it impossible to halt the movement of Vietcong troops and supplies from North to South along the Ho Chi Minh trail."
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Media and Military Operations, 2004.
This paper discusses the limitation placed on the media by the government during military operations.
3,430 words (approx. 13.7 pages), 13 sources, APA, AU$ 140.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the argument supporting the media, which is based on the First Amendment, claims that the military is violating this amendment by prohibiting individuals in the media from gathering the news as the media sees it. The author explains that there are logistical problems because reporters on the battlefield have to be watched and kept safe. The paper relates that, when the country is not prepared for war, most of the reporters are pulled off of other assignments and sent to cover the war and do not have any understanding of how military operations actually work.
From the Paper
"Another problem with the military and media relations, and a more recent one, is that the country is often not prepared for a war in the sense that there are reporters ready to cover it. Most of these reporters are pulled off of other assignments and sent to cover the war when they do not have any understanding of how military operations actually work. This causes many military officers to be forced to spend extra time answering questions that they normally would not have to answer to make sure that the media individual covering the story understood what they were actually talking about. On the flip side of this it is possible that many in the media may share in a public perception that much of the military is actually interested in promoting war (Lee, 2002). War time is often considered to be the best time for an officer in the United States military to advance in rank and the status and pay rates of these officers are based on their ranks. Some believe that these officers want to go to war so that they can improve their status and monetary gain (Lee, 2002). This is very likely untrue but it is a perception that has remained throughout the American public and the media for quite some time. Regardless of any of the ill will, however, the military and the media actually need each other. The media needs the military to give them access so that they can report the news and the military needs to give the media access so that they can see that the news that they have to provide to the American public is reported fairly and correctly."
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The Vietnam War: Media or Military?, 2003.
A discussion about whether the media role in the Vietnam War has been exaggerated or not.
2,309 words (approx. 9.2 pages), 11 sources, MLA, AU$ 103.95
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Abstract
This paper questions the truth behind the myth that the media was mainly to blame in America losing the Vietnam War. It examines this assumption, discusses how the media may have helped form public opinion, and concludes that it is not with public opinion alone that a war is won.
From the Paper
"The Vietnam War has been an extensive topic of discussion for the last few decades. Many have scrutinized the strategy of the US Military, criticizing them immensely. Indeed, the word Vietnam itself has to some extent become a synonym for failure, defeat, even folly. Was this failure due to the actions of the military alone? Or, as many believe, could the failure in fact have been caused by the media?s role? The media has frequently been given substantial blame for the US defeat in Vietnam. During Vietnam, much tension arose between the armed services and the media, which led to a sort of ?game of strategy, one-upmanship and high-stakes jockeying.? So was the war lost because of the media?s role in the lives of Americans at home? Or did the US military lose a war in which most would have expected a quick victory?"
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War Films as Military Propaganda, 2006.
This paper discusses both positive and negative depictions of the US military in films and looks at how the military has made use of some of these films as a propaganda tool.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 4 sources, AU$ 76.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the military's use of film as a propaganda tool. The films that examined in the paper are "Battlefield" and "The Manchurian Candidate". Other topics discussed include the Cold War and the use of ideology.
From the Paper
"Depictions of the US Military in film have varied considerably over the years. Some films portray the US Military as a negative force that is being used to repress the average citizen. Others portray the US Military in a very positive light by suggesting that they are the average citizen's last defense against hostile nations. Although both depictions can be found in films from any year there are definitely patterns in the proportions of the depictions. In certain time periods the negative depictions of the US Military will outnumber the positive ones. In other time periods the positive depictions..."
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Military Healthcare, 2008.
An analysis of the issues between the Department of Veterans' Affairs (VA), the Department of Defense (DoD), the military health system (MHS) and civilian health care providers regarding the delivery of military healthcare.
9,640 words (approx. 38.6 pages), 9 sources, APA, AU$ 285.95
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Abstract
This paper is a literature review to study the relationship between the Department of Veterans' Affairs (VA), Department of Defense (DoD) Military Health System (MHS), and civilian health care providers in the area of policy and utilization of management and information technology tools, which currently are adversely affecting the care of active duty military, their families and veterans. The author concludes that the governmental use of Lean and Six Sigma, specifically in the VA, MHS and DoD programs relating to healthcare provision for service members and beneficiaries has greatly expanded the capacity of these organizations to provide the required healthcare. The paper stresses that the management programs of Lean and Six Sigma offer potentials for cost savings, quality service provision and the elimination of waste in these organizations. Includes figures and tables.
Table of Contents:
Objective
Background of the Study
Statement of Thesis
Purpose of the Study
Literature Review
Department Of Defense (DoD) Task Force: On Future of Military Health Care
Systemic Obstacles Identified
DoD Findings Concerning Pharmacy Benefits and Recommended Tier Structure
Military Health System (MHS) Strategic Plan
DoD and VA Joint Strategic Plan
Military Health Systems Deployment of Electronic Dental Record
Health Information IT Systems Combined by DoD and Military Health System
Lean and Six Sigma to Improve Delivery of Government Services
Summary and Conclusion
From the Paper
"In the area of improvement of efficiencies and cost-effectiveness of the military health care procurement system findings relate that that DoD obligations for medical services contracts was $1.6 billion in 1996, and that by the year 2005 this obligation had risen to $8 billion - or an increase of 412 percent. The cause for this growth in spending for service acquisition while is part attributed to recent trends and changes which includes downsizing in the civilian workforce as well as outsourcing and TRICARE benefits expansion along with attempting to meet new requirements as well as new demands."
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Illegal Drugs Usage in the Military, 2006.
A discussion of the use of drugs in the U.S. military.
960 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 4 sources, MLA, AU$ 50.95
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Abstract
This paper examines drug usage in the United States military and some of the steps the military is taking to combat drugs. The paper explains that drug usage in the military is beginning to rise again and the military is attempting to combat illegal drug usage in a variety of ways. The paper then points out that the military seems to be sending the wrong message by reducing waiting times for drug tests and may be adding to the problem with these new policies. The paper also looks at how the U.S. military continues to pursue illegal drug use among its members by testing before and after enlistment and making it clear that the military has a "zero-tolerance" stand on drug abuse. The paper suggests that many soldiers do not need zero-tolerance, they need help and understanding to break their addiction.
From the Paper
"Drug use in the military is not new. World War II veterans remember taking methamphetamines to stay awake during combat, and marijuana usage was quite common during the Vietnam War. However, today the U.S. military frowns on illegal drug use, and they have taken several steps to make sure that military personnel do not take illegal drugs. Before enlistment, recruits must pass a drug test, and there is random drug testing throughout the military after enlistment. In fact, "the military randomly tests about 10 percent of personnel each month" ("Drug Use"). Unfortunately, there is still an illegal drug problem in the military, and personnel who test positive for drugs can face discharge."
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The U.S. Military's War on Drugs, 2006.
This paper examines the role of the U.S. military in aiding Latin American countries win the war on drugs.
2,024 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 11 sources, APA, AU$ 93.95
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Abstract
This paper explores the growing cocaine and marijuana market in Latin American countries and the lack of local resources available to prevent this valuable and profitable industry from expanding even more. The writer of this paper details the U.S. military's role in aiding these countries, as well as the cost to the American people, while pondering if the American military should even be involved in drug related issues outside the U.S. The cost for the military intervention in the war on drugs continues to rise and has created entirely new perceptions about money and the military both within and outside the U.S. This paper discusses the military involvement in the war on drugs and cites the leading recipients of aid, military equipment, training and personnel. This paper also delves into a program, involving military participation, which was recently introduced in Congress, called the Western Hemisphere Drug Elimination Act. This act would authorized $2.3 billion over three years for military hardware, personnel, training and a small amount for alternative crop development in various Latin American countries.
From the Paper
"Even though the House and various representatives have called on military action, the Pentagon was reluctant- albeit, it finally was dragged into it. Even though the Pentagon budget continues to grow, year after year, there are still concerns that legislators who dole out the tens of millions of dollars are underestimating the total cost. In a recent report to the House and Senate armed services committees, the Department of Defense estimated that "24-hour surveillance of the U.S. 'southern fence', the border from Jacksonville, Florida, to San Diego, full interdiction capability, and C13 programs, would cost between $480.4 million and $760.5 million annually, depending on the equipment mix ." All this money without a single soldier leaving the continental U.S.- even though advisers may now be operating in the various targeted Latin American countries. All that has been publicized, and strongly so, are planes and equipment, everything from helicopters to flame throwers which are supposed to be used by the local troops."
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Military Doctrine vs. Equipment, 2004.
An analysis of whether military doctrine or equipment is more of a deciding factor in military victories.
1,621 words (approx. 6.5 pages), 5 sources, MLA, AU$ 75.95
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Abstract
This paper examines three military situations: the German air campaign in Malta, the United States air campaign in Vietnam and the British campaign in the Falkland Islands. The paper presents details of each of these military operations and clearly shows that military doctrine is more of a deciding factor in victory than equipment.
Outline
German Air Campaign in Malta
United States Air Campaign in Vietnam
British Campaign in the Falkland Islands
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Italy declared war on the allies on June 10, 1940 and the next day saw the first air attacks on Malta. Over the next three years, no month would pass without some type of air attack. On June 12th the RAF responded with attacks on Italy from planes based on the island. With the fall of France in July 1940, Italy assumed a dominant role in the central Mediterranean. The situation for the allies in the western Mediterranean along the shipping lanes between Gibraltar and Malta became particularly tenuous with the loss of Algeria and Tunis. Because of its strategic location as a base for aircraft and naval units, in August the decision was made to reinforce Malta, in what became the first of many reinforcement and resupply efforts. Forces based on Malta were in the perfect position to raid German freighters and air transports heading south to supply Rommel and the Afrika Korps in North Africa. The remainder of 1940 saw continued sparring between the British and Italians over Malta. The German Luftwaffe has yet to arrive."
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Women in the Military, 2006.
An analysis of the changing public and private attitudes toward women in the military.
1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 5 sources, APA, AU$ 57.95
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Abstract
This paper studies how military brass and the rank and file are changing their views about women serving in active duty. Specifically, the paper examines how sexual assault and rape of women in the military has compromised not only the women, but the military as a whole. The author addresses measures by the military to address this issue, and conducts a discussion of the success of these initiatives. Then the author looks at the impact on military morale of these crimes -- and the increasing public attention paid to them -- as well as steps to improve the mood in the military.
From the Paper
"Traditional views of women in the military are that they stayed in the rear with the gear. Women served as nurses, cooks, and secretaries. This all changed when the military started allowing women to attend West Point, the Citadel, and other military academies which were previously the domain of men only. Women face a variety of problems overcoming sexist attitudes towards their roles in the military, verbal abuse and taunting, and rape. However, several recent trends including women's roles in the Gulf War, a museum in Texas, a memorial in Washington D. C., and soon to be released books and films about the history of women in the military, demonstrate a change in attitude towards women warriors."
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Homosexuality in the U.S. Military, 2005.
Examines the policies toward homosexuals in the United States military.
1,840 words (approx. 7.4 pages), 3 sources, MLA, AU$ 86.95
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Abstract
Beginning with the discharge of Gotthold Fredrick Enslin from the U.S. military in 1778, this paper examines the history of homosexuality, which has emerged as one of the most salient issues within the U.S. military, as harassment, abuse, expulsion, and, in rare cases, murder, have become prevalent practices towards homosexuals. The paper examines the policies of the American government towards banning homosexuals from the military and Bill Clinton's 1993 law, which repudiated the ban that has enabled the U.S. military the legal right to exclude homosexuals from military service. The paper also looks at the issue of modesty and the the opinion of those who who feel that heterosexual soldiers might become sexual objects for homosexual soldiers if they were admitted into the military.
From the Paper
"While the military's policy necessitates that gay men remain reticent of their sexual orientation, Professor Aaron Belkin affirms that if the ban were to be lifted, very few gays would actually come out of the closet because in most cases an openly gay individual would find himself in a rather precarious situation. The malicious nature of fellow service-members is a consequence of our society's unfamiliarity with homosexuality, consequently creating a propensity for many soldiers to make presumptions based on little information. Moreover, the policy of preserving the modesty of heterosexual men is based on the prudishness of American society and more importantly a naive conviction that homosexual attraction is congruent to heterosexual attraction."
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Military Strategy, 2002.
An overview of military strategy from a civilian standpoint.
1,989 words (approx. 8.0 pages), 5 sources, APA, AU$ 91.95
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Abstract
This paper provides a perspective on military strategy through review of the books ?The Soldier and the State? by Samuel Huntington and ?War and Politics? by Bernard Brodie which explain military preferences regarding decisions to go to war, when to escalate wars and how to prepare for war. It discusses the reasons for and why, the military makes decisions that are rooted in a strict code of adherence to an internal value system; a schematic designed primarily for the organizations continuity which in turn ultimately protects the state as a whole.
Outline
Overview of Military System and Preparation for War
Military Preference to go to War
Decision to Escalate Wars
What is a Military Man
Overview
From the Paper
"The JTF commander operates at the operational level and determines how he is going to accomplish the military strategic objectives, what resources are available and additional capabilities that may be required. He determines the operational objectives necessary to accomplish the mission. These decisions/plans are next transmitted to the tactical level?forces that actually do the fighting?the Army divisions, the Air Force expeditionary wings, the Navy?s carrier battle groups, and the Marine Expeditionary Forces (MEFs). This preparation commits the military to war. Once the forces are dedicated to the conflict often an unavoidable escalation occurs."
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Military Music, 2007.
This paper discusses this history of military music and American military bands and patriotic music focusing on the four hymns of the armed forces, "The Star-Spangled Banner" and "God Bless America".
2,700 words (approx. 10.8 pages), 10 sources, MLA, AU$ 116.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, although the earliest references to warfare music dates back to Biblical times, it was not until the mid-thirteenth century that musical instruments began to be used as an incentive to encourage the troops rather than only as a method of conveying signals. The author points out that musicians were included officially in the 1775 founding of the Continental Army because General George Washington, an accomplished flutist, was concerned about the poor quality of music within the army, which often rendered drills almost impossible. The paper relates that, in all the reviewed songs, the lyrics, which speak of the homeland, national identity and cultural pride, and the strong music, which flows from strength to strength, enable and reinforce patriotic feelings that produce national unity and a sense of purpose even within contemporary American society.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Sounding the Trumpet
The United States Military Academy Band.
Patriotic Music in Contemporary America
From the Paper
"While all national and patriotic music generally tends to be popular music, in many ways it can be classified apart because its expansion is mainly due to the presence or threat of war. Throughout the world, people from every nationality are moved to either song or speech by their emotions when faced with national danger. The love of the homeland, cultural pride and national identity unconsciously smolders in the breast of every individual until the winds of war fan it into a blaze of fervor that expresses itself in speech and song. Such is the birth of all patriotic music."
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Military Influence in Pakistan, 2004.
This paper discusses military influence as the establishment power in Pakistan.
3,018 words (approx. 12.1 pages), 4 sources, APA, AU$ 127.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses in detail the reasons why the military has always been the most influential institution in Pakistan. The writer summarizes the factors behind the rise of the army to such influence in context with all the military and political governments that have come to power since 1947. This paper also focuses on how the military regimes have tried to maximize the army's influence in the civil domain, creating a military bureaucracy. An evaluation of the present situation is also provided with the implications it might have in the future. Finally, a limited set of recommendations are also considered for a solution to this consistent military influence in the country's politics.
Outline:
Introduction
First Direct Military Intervention
Conclusion & Recommendations
From the Paper
"Pakistan's founder Jinnah had stressed on the making of a constitution as soon as possible but his untimely death only a year later and then the assassination of Liaquat Ali Khan left the Muslim League and the nation with no real leader who could pursue the Quaid's vision. Then the dissolution of the Constituent Assembly (which was formed before partition to draft a constitution) by Ghulam Mohammad resulted in Pakistan not having the rules laid down for a proper political system. In such circumstances the military establishment on its own assumed the responsibility to govern Pakistan. It might sound like a very noble deed on their part but a full and critical analysis shows the military had its own reasons for such an intervention. After the initial eleven years of wrangling between bureaucrats in politics, the military establishment has been the major power-house institution to rule Pakistan."
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Critique of Article from "Military Medicine", 2005.
This paper uses a professional critique style to evaluate the research reported in the Trump, Brady, and Olsen's article from "Military Medicine": "Self-Rated Health and Subsequent Health Care Use among Military Personnel Returning...".
2,175 words (approx. 8.7 pages), 1 source, APA, AU$ 97.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, although health questionnaires have been used since 1996, little evaluation has been done to determine the usefulness of this information: Trump et al. claim that the United States has endorsed the improvement of health assessments and health surveillance of military members, but there has been some question as to the value of the currently deployment health assessments. The author points out that this study is strengthened by its large sample size and the questionnaire's general assessment of self-rated health, which has been has been widely used as an independent predictor of mortality. The paper states that the limitations of the study include whether or not the items on the questionnaire actually represents information, which leads to increased risk of bad health; the possibility that these questions could be worded to suggest bias and the post-deployment questionnaire has not been widely used.
Table of Contents
Abstract
Introduction
Purpose
Problem
Consistency of Hypothesis with Purpose and Problem; Clarity of Variables
Literature review
Target Population and Sample
Method of Analysis and Findings
Discussion, Conclusions and Implications
Implications and Recommendations
From the Paper
"Trump, Brady & Olsen (2004) stated that the purpose of this study "was to describe the self-rated health of military members who completed postdeployment questionnaires upon return from deployments in 1999 and to examine the associations between self-rated health and subsequent health care use and health outcomes in the six-month period after return from deployment." Although the introduction stated that since the Gulf War veteran health has been receiving more attention because of the increase in health problems, I do not see a real point in determining if self-rated health has a correlation to incidences in hospitalization and doctor's visits. I do not believe that this study answers the "so-what" question."
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Military Dominance as an Effect of Air Power, 2004.
A study to determine the role air delivery technologies and reliable airfield infrastructures play in military combat operations.
4,213 words (approx. 16.9 pages), 14 sources, APA, AU$ 162.95
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Abstract
This study examines the relationship between U.S. military success and the acquisition of airstrips in enemy territory. It puts forward that argument that U.S. military forces have the ability to successfully accomplish any mission when provided with access and control of foreign airfields. Successful military operations are dependent upon reliable air delivery technologies and airfield infrastructures. These infrastructures provide the communications support and manpower necessary to promote success in any climate. The study focuses on the ability of the U.S. military to project itself to any theater of war from any aircraft carrier. It also details the importance of securing military airstrips to enable deployment of additional troops and supplies. It links past military successes with such efforts.
Table of Contents
Abstract
List of Tables
List of Figures
Introduction
Problem Statement (or Purpose)
Significance of the Study
Assumptions
Limitations
Definitions (or Acronyms)
Review of Relevant Literature and Research
Research Methodology
Research Technique
Research Design
Survey Population
Sources of Data
The Data Gathering Instrument
Pilot Study
Pretest
Distribution Method
Reliability
Validity
Treatment of Data and Procedures
Results
Discussion
Conclusion
Recommendations
References
Appendixes
Bibliography
Instrument or Survey or Sample Data
Proposed Project Schedule
Methodology Worksheet
From the Paper
"In most cases airfields are developed near cities, which may provide key strategic locality for military personnel. The acquisition of airfields in the past has often meant the difference between success and failure. Oftentimes, air force personnel have no method of relief other than provided through air transportation. Supplies and personnel can be delivered thanks to modern technologies. Military strategic objectives revolve around the ability of personnel to seize or gain access to key installations. Operatives are no longer reliant upon the capability of ships. The center of gravity for military success has definitely become military airstrips. The recent military success in Afghanistan further supports the idea that the U.S. military dominates in the arena of airpower, and can adapt their operations to accommodate an airfield whether it is fully equipped or unprepared."
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