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Mexican-American Women in Twentieth-Century America, 2002.
This paper discusses the book "From Out of the Shadows: Mexican Women in Twentieth-Century America," by Dr. Vicki Ruiz, specifically, as it gives voice to Mexican-American women.
2,110 words (approx. 8.4 pages), 2 sources, AU$ 96.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses, from all angles, at home, at work and in the community, Twentieth-Century Mexican-American women, descendents of some of the first immigrants to the United States. The paper reviews Ruiz's book that shows Mexican-America women working for menial wages to help support the family and suffering from stereotypes. The author states that, although often history texts can be dry and lifeless, Ruiz's text comes alive with the voices of the women about whom she writes.
From the Paper
"Each of the causes of change was important and devastating, but probably the most devastating was the discovery of gold in California. Mexican-Americans had long made California their home, and some owned extensive ranchos, but California glittered too brightly, and the United States took the country for its own in 1850. The rancho way of life disappeared, especially when the ranchos belonged to women, which was not unusual in Mexican society. Unlike the U.S., Mexican women could and did own their own property, but their title was not recognized when the U. S. annexed California, and they lost much if not all of their land."
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Mexican-American Women in Literature, 1995.
This paper compares the treatment of Mexican-American women in Sandra Cisneros' collection of stories, "Woman Hollering Creek", Arturo Islas' novel "The Rain God", and Cherrie Moraga's non-fiction work "Loving in the War Years": Sexuality, relationships a
2,250 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 3 sources, AU$ 114.95
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From the Paper
"This study will compare the treatment of women in Sandra Cisneros' collection of stories, "Woman Hollering Creek", Arturo Islas' novel "The Rain God", and Cherrie Moraga's non-fiction work "Loving in the War Years". The study will consider the sexuality of women, their relationships, and their ability to endure in the face of current obstacles and physical, moral and psychological traumas. The thesis of the paper will be that the three books, taken together, form a full portrait of Mexican and Mexican-American women. They should not be seen as being in conflict with one another, but rather as working together to give that full portrait of at least some of the alternative positions taken by women in that culture.
On the one hand, we find an extreme Chicana-lesbian-feminist viewpoint as expressed by Moraga. In the middle, we have ... "
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Mexican Women, 2004.
An examination of the opportunities for professional women in Mexico.
2,373 words (approx. 9.5 pages), 9 sources, MLA, AU$ 104.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how, although Mexican women today have more opportunities than their mothers, and certainly, than their grandmothers did, they remain far less likely than men with comparable education, training, and skills to be able to get the kinds of rewarding jobs and careers that men have. It explores some of the problems that Mexican women face in the work force ,as well as the ways in which they meet those challenges, looking in particular at women in the news media as a representative example of the ways in which Mexican women are treated as professionals.
From the Paper
"Mexican television news fails its viewers dramatically in this regard in no small part because of the ways in which larger cultural attitudes about women?s role in society are reflected in and reinforced by the on-air personalities. Although it is especially in border towns like Mexicali, it is also true even in large cities like Mexico City that the worst gender stereotypes of both nations are often acted out on the air. One of the results of this is that what serious journalism is done within the realm of broadcast journalism is done by men. This relegation of women to reporting about scandals and gossip and other forms of ?yellow journalism? not only degrades the quality of the news in terms of informing citizens about the important issues of the moment but it also lowers the status of women in Mexican society."
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Mexican Women, 2007.
A review of the evolution of gender equality in Mexico, focusing on the major roles of Soldaderas during the Mexican Revolution.
5,046 words (approx. 20.2 pages), 16 sources, MLA, AU$ 184.95
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Abstract
This paper takes a look at Mexican women and how gender equality evolved. According to the paper, the traditional depiction of Mexican women was very restrictive. The paper goes on to say that women were consumed by their family life, their marriages and the Catholic Church. The paper reports that legal, social and cultural constraints were placed upon women to prevent them from gaining full acceptance and rights in society. The paper also takes a look at the role of the Soldaderas during the time of the Mexican Revolution.
From the Paper
"The ability to view the Mexican Revolution not only as an idealized cause against the abuses of the Diaz regime, but also as a method to escape the problems at home, created a new era of possibility for women. Women joined the army as young teenagers in order to escape from forced marriages and physical abuse, thus they joined without the permission of their families. The inevitable break from tradition of the Mexican Revolution shattered many of the stigmas and "traditional cultural" attachments of gender roles because women defied their families. At the same time, the promotion of equality within the army allowed the Soldadera a familiarization with the concept of equality. One captain of the Revolutionaries explained, "In the war, it's all equal. Now we cook the food and wash the clothes together, we fight the war together" (Ross, 289). The direct result of these actions was that social stigmas associated with women pursuing nontraditional roles was no longer promoted and systematically preserved. Instead they were allowed to explore a new frontier that involved the provision of different social roles. This was extremely important in the establishment of a strong feminist presence that was not afraid to confront the patriarchal system."
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Women and the Canadian and Mexican Workforce, 2008.
This paper argues that globalization is widening the already existing gender gap in the workplace, making Canadian and Mexican women more vulnerable.
1,300 words (approx. 5.2 pages), 7 sources, APA, AU$ 62.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, on the American continent, the NAFTA agreement between Canada, Mexico and the U.S.A. has been responsible largely for the liberalization of economies, privatization and deregulation, which have all impacted the workforce, particularly women. The author points out that globalization has brought about an unequal structure of the global economy in which corporations are creating labor segregation, paying the most minimum wages possible and providing the least amount of labor regulations, all of which cause social and economic marginalization of women. The paper relates that various trade agreements push countries to privatize public resources causing a shift away from welfare and social programs such as social insurance, health care, child-care and childcare subsidy. The author stresses that the new jobs created for the sole profit of the employers are usually lower-paid, part-time or contract flexible work having no benefits.
From the Paper
"One example of such harassment and discrimination is cited by Quintero-Ramirez, (2002). She describes how managers are often able to request a medical examination to show that a job applicant is not pregnant. Because of deregulation, the working conditions in these factories are often unsanitary and even dangerous, and inadequate or non-existing healthcare often exasperated the health impacts suffered by these women workers. These women work for minimum wages while foreign countries reap most of the benefits. The maquiladora sector is of particular importance because it has grown 89% in the period between 1995 and 2000 . The managers of these manufacturing plants often prefer to hire women because of the patriarchal beliefs that women are more docile and better suited for boring repetitive jobs. "
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Women in the Mexican Revolution, 2007.
This paper examines the very prominent and important role women played during the turbulent years of the Mexican Revolution.
1,984 words (approx. 7.9 pages), 3 sources, APA, AU$ 91.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the role of women during the Mexican Revolution, and how this conflict affected and changed their lives. The paper highlights how women took on the roles of soldiers and even leaders during the Revolution, and how this worked to overcome the subservience imposed upon their gender for centuries. In particular, the author cites the soldaderas, large groups of women who traveled with the respective revolutionary armies and provided care in terms of providing meals, nursing, and laundry services. The paper also examines the role of female intellectuals during the revolution. The author concludes that in each of the various roles, a particular progression emerges in terms of the reinvention of women and their paradigms in Mexican society.
From the Paper
"Equally important, but much more prominent perhaps because of their radical departure from the shadow of recognized feminine status quo of the time, was the role of the female intellectual in the Mexican Revolution. These women generally did not fight a physical battle, like the soldaderas or the female soldier, but rather an intellectual battle. They used their intelligence to further the cause of the Revolution, and are recognized as one of the most important sectors of the female population of the time...."
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The Chicana Women's Fight for Liberation, 2006.
An in-depth look at the Chicana, or Mexican-American woman, and her fight for liberation and basic human rights.
1,155 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 4 sources, MLA, AU$ 57.95
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Abstract
This paper takes a look at the history of the Chicana, or Mexican-American woman, who has been treated as a person with no value, useless in the society and with deprive moral. This paper reviews the struggle of the Chicana for liberation and basic human rights to be free and to be treated equally.
From the Paper
"Chicanas today are struggling for their liberation especially in the society and they are aware that they are being maltreated and it should be stop because they believe that every human being have the right to be free and to be treated equally. They are now involving themselves in fighting for freedom and for the rights of the women, they are confronting institutions that deprived them and maltreated them especially their employer, the church and the society. They raise issues about equality of men and women, depriving them from education, the belief of the Catholics, and the domination of men. "
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"Woman Hollering Creek".
This paper discusses Sandra Cisneros' collection of short stories "Woman Hollering Creek", which examines the lives of Mexican-American women on both sides of the border.
1,810 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 0 sources, AU$ 84.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that each story of Sandra Cisneros' "Woman Hollering Creek" is a lesson in introspection. By using an approach similar to Anton Chekhov, Cisneros uses reflection to create a better life for her double minority Hispanic women. The author points out that Cisneros blends realism and anti-realism throughout her writings, which is an affective approach to obtain an objective outlook. The paper relates that, by showing just what may be needed to endure and overcome thus creating a better life, Cisneros uses Hemingway's theme of endurance and, in a style similar to Franz Kafka's writings, uses negative aspects of her characters and their situations to remove this image from her readers.
From the Paper
"Cisneros' story "Eleven" uses expression through anti-realism more than many of her other works. Using the idealism of an eleven year old child, she projects the childlike belief that life will flow smoothly and be nearly perfect when adulthood is obtained. The antithesis of this ideal belief is that circumstances and scenarios change but the same situations can and do arise in adulthood along with the same feelings of inadequacy experienced by a child. Cisneros uses age progression to relate the theme of her story in much the same way that Hemmingway used age digression in some of his writings. Telling the story of embarrassment from the point of view of a child is an effective way to gain sympathy for the character and identity for the reader. The setting of a classroom is an excellent symbol for American society. While school is supposed to be a great equalizer to children just as our contemporary society is viewed as a racial and gender equalizer, in actuality both fall far short."
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Two Ethnographic Journeys, 2002.
This paper compares two ethnographic journeys: Patricia Preciado Martin's ?Songs My Mother Sang to Me: An Oral History of Mexican American Women? and Grenville and Neil Goodwin's ?The Apache Diaries: A Father-Son Journey?.
650 words (approx. 2.6 pages), 2 sources, AU$ 38.95
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Abstract
This paper compares two books, one about Mexican American women and the other about Apache men, in their treatments of race, gender, landscape, family and ethnography.
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Chicanas' Resistance, 2007.
An analysis of Mexican-American women's conditions and resistance in the American Southwest.
4,104 words (approx. 16.4 pages), 17 sources, MLA, AU$ 159.95
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Abstract
This paper provides a depiction of the diverse aspects of the Chicanas' experiences as women of color in the United States today, through an exploration of Mexican-American women's conditions and struggles in relation to issues of race, ethnicity, class and gender. The paper discusses acts of domination, such as the cultural representations of Chicanas in America (in media, history, fiction, etc.), the institutional practices that have traditionally been used to reinforce structures of inequalities, the political exploitation and the economic subjugation of women in the labor market.
Table of Contents:
Chapter One
Introduction
Statement of the Problem
Purpose of Study
Overview of Study
Chapter Summary
Chapter Two
Preliminary Literature Review
Cultural Representations of Chicanas in America
Institutional Practices that Reinforce Structures of Inequality
Chicanas' Acts of Resistance
Construction a Modern Chicana Identity
Chicana Feminism in a Global Context
Chapter Summary
Chapter Three
Proposed Methodology
From the Paper
"History has shown time and again that when people have been oppressed long enough, they will rise up and slay their oppressors. Although the Chicana resistance did not reached this level in the past, it would seem that this population is at a distinct disadvantage in attempting to prosecute any meaningful reform because mainstream Americans simply do not want to hear about them, and if they do, the government has managed to place a sinister "spin" on these activities. According to Urrieta (2004), the Mexican American community has always been active seeking improvements in the educational conditions of their children, including the successful litigation of court cases against segregation a decade prior to Brown v. Board of Education in 1954. During this early period of Chicana movimientos in the 1960s, an estimated 10,000 Chicana/o students walked out of classes on March 3, 1968 in East Los Angeles to protest the unequal nature of their schooling (Urrieta, 2004)."
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La Malinche, 2002.
A paper which discusses the Mexican women who became lovers to the Spaniards during Spain's conquest of Mexico, and how they are portrayed in Mexico's cultural history.
2,830 words (approx. 11.3 pages), 7 sources, APA, AU$ 122.95
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Abstract
Using as a background Bernal Diaz del Castillo's book "Historia de Conquista de la Nueva Espa?a", written about the Spanish conquest of Mexico in the sixteenth century, the paper discusses the Indian women who were lovers to these Spaniards, the most famous being La Malinche, lover to Hernan Cortes himself. The paper uses the character of Maria - lover of one of Cortes' officers - to show the history of these women and what drove them to so-call betray their people by 'sleeping with the enemy'. The paper shows how La Malinche (and others) have been portrayed in Mexican cultural history as mothers of the mestizo - children of mixed Spanish and Indian race. The paper discusses too how public opinion of La Malinche has changed during recent years, mostly due to the influence of feminist movements, who see her as a symbol of the endurance of the Mexican people.
From the Paper
"But there is another element to the original and long-enduring disregard and even hatred that has been cast upon La Malinche, and the other women who (like the Maria of our story) shared similar structural positions. Women who produced Mexican ? mestizo ? children have been hated by many Mexicans until the most recent generation not because of their betrayal of the Aztecs but because of their engendering of the entire race of Mexicans. It is because Mexicans have for so long hated themselves, hated their own mixed heritage, that they hate La Malinche and other women like her. It is only when Mexicans come to peace with their own mestizo heritage that they can possibly come to terms with La Malinche and revere her as the founder of the race. It seems fairly certain that she was indeed Cortes?s lover ? but also that she was faithful to him. This should hardly brand her as a whore."
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Minority American Women, 2007.
This paper discuses the lives of minority American women from Chinese, Mexican and African-American backgrounds as expressed by three authors: Judy Yung, Vicki Ruiz and Jacqueline Jones.
1,570 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 3 sources, MLA, AU$ 74.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the lives and experiences of Chinese, Mexican and African-American women are similar because they all faced severe hardship, discrimination, and degrading social conditions; however, due to their ethic identities and cultural roots, their experiences are dramatically dissimilar. The author points out that Vicki Ruiz, in her book "Out of the Shadows", takes readers through the immigration eras, beginning with Spanish-speaking women moving north out of Mexico centuries before the Euro-Americans arrived and that Judy Yung, in her book "Unbound Feet", writes about the history of Chinese women coming to San Francisco in the late 1800s. The paper relates that Jacqueline Jones, in her book, "Labor of Love, Labor of Sorrow" writes about the early twentieth century when black urban women participated in boycotts against segregated public facilities and resisted racist customs.
From the Paper
"But what was it like for a Mexican woman migrating into the U.S. in the early 20th Century? Ruiz writes that first of all getting across the border was challenging, particularly during the Mexican Revolution (1910-1921) when "starvation was not unknown and danger a constant companion ." Women were raped and kidnapped by soldiers and "marauders" while on their way north; it was back-breaking work once Mexicans arrived in the southwest, as many were paid twelve cents per day in the fields. Twenty-one percent of Mexican women in early 20th Century America worked in the fields."
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The Mistreatment of Mexicans in America as Portrayed in Theatre, 2001.
This paper presents an exploratory journey through three plays, Luis Valdez?s "Actos", "Simply Maria" and "Real Women have Curves" both by Josefina Lopez and discusses a common theme among them.
1,230 words (approx. 4.9 pages), 3 sources, MLA, AU$ 60.95
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Abstract
This essay looks at how the three plays depict the mistreatment of Mexicans in America. In addition, it portrays the treatment of Mexican women by their own society as mirroring the very discrimination and disrespect that they are treated with as a race.
From the Paper
"It is interesting to compare the plays and discover the very treatment they try and change they subject their women to. When one initially reads the plays: "Simply Maria" by Josefina Lopez, "Actos" by Luis Valdez, and "Real Women have Curves" also by Josefina Lopez, one could easily mistake the plays as simple entertainment about several people and their lives. However once one peels off the top coat and examines the underpinnings of the works one easily sees the undertone that is woven throughout the stories and their character. Each of the examined plays reveals much more than a look at the daily life of those in the work. The plays also show the reader how down trodden we have forced the Mexican immigrant to become. We have forced them into situations in which they find themselves grateful to be treated almost as well as we treat pet dogs in this country(Valdez, Actos).
"In Simply Maria the reader is given a foundational understanding of the way Mexican women are often viewed and treated even by their own race. The play opens with an understanding of what it takes for a family to immigrate to America. Often times the father has to travel ahead and it may be years before he can send for his family(Lopez, Simply). Once they arrive they are expected to live as if they are still in Mexico and all the traditions that go with it. This leaves a mixed message for young ladies who grow up in a country, which embraces female independence, yet parents who feel it is sinful and wrong are raising them."
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"Women and Alcohol in a Highland Maya Town" by Christine Eber, 2002.
This paper examines the role of women Latin America with a special emphasis on the author's ability to create a successful feminist anthropology.
1,690 words (approx. 6.8 pages), 1 source, MLA, AU$ 78.95
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This paper reviews a woman-centered ethnography told through interviews with Mexican women in Chenalho. The author focuses on the Eber's analysis of these women and the positions they hold in Latin American society. The feminist focus is on the individual's standpoint and social location, which provide the foundation for the individual's status, or value in the society. Critical issues of gender relations, religious change, domestic violence, and drinking are discussed by the author, emphasizing how these women have gained greater control and are able to contribute greater to society as a whole.
From the Paper
"In some respects, every part of the women's lives seem to be related to religion. Antonia expressed the best in an early part of the book when she noted that "what matters is that I follow the traditions and serve my people, that I show respect to people and God, that I pass well over the earth" (Eber 1995: 61). In other words, her life is centered on what we would think of the sacred, rather than the mundane. Or, to put it another way, what we might think of as ordinary life is invested with religious meaning, is sacralized, for the women of the village."
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Role of Women in Traditional Cultures, 2001.
Discusses several novels ("Ramona", "Tortilla Flat", "Joaquin Murieta", "The Zoot-Suit Murders, " "Famous all over Town." Miraculous Day of AAmelia Gomez") that depict women as embodiments of societal values in Mexican-American and Native American commu
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 6 sources, AU$ 57.95
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From the Paper
"The role of women in traditional cultures is reflected in a number of novels and accounts of the Native American and Mexican-American communities both in the past and the present, in urban and rural regions, with the women depicted both as the essential embodiments of certain societal values centering on home and family, and as sex objects desired by men and pursued by them. They are often held aloft as prime examples of goodly virtues to the point where they are sometimes described in terms elevating them high above the males who seem to dominate socially just the same.
In Ramona by Helen Hunt Jackson, the author sets out to change the perception of the white community that the Indian was somehow less deserving, less capable, and less worthy because of some racial difference. Even as she tries to debunk certain..."
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Women in Politics, 2007.
This paper examines the role women play in the political systems of the United States, Canada and Mexico.
1,185 words (approx. 4.7 pages), 5 sources, MLA, AU$ 58.95
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Abstract
The paper explains how the United States, Canada and Mexico have different political histories and the role of women in the political systems of each country differs accordingly. The paper discusses the similar situation in the United States and Canada and shows how the role women have in both countries is more advanced than in Mexico. The paper discusses the Mexican political system, a regime marked by one-party rule and incomplete political development. The paper concludes that the place of women in Mexican society is still secondary and it will take time before Mexico achieves parity with the U.S. and Canada.
From the Paper
"The relationship of the citizen of a given country to political action depends on the social and political history of that country and the traditions that shape the political system. This is true for both men and women, though historically women have had less direct involvement with the political system because women have been socially marginalized in most countries for at least some period in history. The three countries involved in the North American Free Trade Agreement, have different political histories."
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