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Media Theory in Practice, 2001.
A look at the media equation theory with a working example of the Truman Show.
1,500 words (approx. 6.0 pages), 6 sources, MLA, AU$ 71.95
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Abstract
This paper presents a detailed discussion about the media equation theory and its applications. The author of this paper uses the movie "The Truman Show" to develop an understanding for the reader of what the Media Equation Theory is and how it can be applied to media examples such as the movie.
From the Paper
"The technological explosion of the last three decades has taken us to places we never dreamed before were possible. With each passing year, the technology becomes more linked to human thought and emotions than ever before. Today, there are studies being conducted worldwide to understand the phenomena of people treating their media tools in the same manner that their human interactions are treated. For several years, the habits and protocol of people who work with these questions have been narrowly defined by the rigid demands of research protocol. However, recently a movie was put on the market that studied the very human and technology theory of media equation. This movie underscores the theory and the theory?s application to real life. It proves the theory because the human viewers relate to Truman as if his life was real and Truman believes that he is living in the real world due to technological interferences."
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Media Theory in Practice, 2002.
This paper discusses the media equation theory - the increasing connection that has been made between technology and humanity.
1,600 words (approx. 6.4 pages), 6 sources, MLA, AU$ 75.95
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Abstract
This paper presents a detailed discussion about the media equation theory and its applications. The author of this paper uses the movie "The Truman Show" to develop an understanding for the reader of what the media equation theory is and how it can be applied to media examples such as the movie. The paper includes a comprehensive bibliography.
From the Paper
"Through the use of media manipulation we have perpetuated the media equation theory. As technology continues to advance we find our media tools taking on more humanistic type qualities. Studies are showing that people around the world are assigning human like emotions to the interaction they receive through media tools today. As we move further into the future we will most likely continue to ?humanize? computers? and other media methods of communication. The media equation theory seems to be evolving as the actual behavior of humans evolves. The theory is a sound theory though rather curious as to what the future will hold."
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TV Audiences and Media Theory, 2008.
This paper provides a case study of a television audience at Bloor & Lansdowne, Toronto.
3,516 words (approx. 14.1 pages), 7 sources, APA, AU$ 142.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that the study of the mass media and notably television continues to involve a great deal of theory-building. The writer remarks that as Ien Ang points out, much that is theorized or assumed features a large cultural and conceptual gap between television audiences and observing scholars or others to analyze them. The writer maintains that one also needs to bear in mind the care that should be taken to examine particular phenomena, ensuring that one's assumptions are not wholly shaped by theory. The writer further reveals that Ulf Hannerz pointed out how the day of globalization has prompted approaches that are global and also local, in term of continuity and change. Perhaps at no time has it been so important to ensure that one does observe what one is discussing, in terms of local and particular phenomenon. The writer notes that this is played out in this paper's case study.
Outline:
Introduction
An Ethnography of Public TV Viewing
Reflections on TV Audience Freedom
'The Heavy Viewer'
Concluding Remarks
From the Paper
"In a somewhat shabby area, Ciro's offers a kind of oasis in a well-run, almost upscale facility of reasonable prices. The premises have involved a tavern of some kind for many years catering to a working class area of much early 20th century row housing, most of it quite simple, streets of less costly detached housing and few amenities of kinds appealing to upscale consumers. It is a neighbourhood beset by visible petty crime but also an array of churches, mosques and temples, a low-cost area chosen by diverse new Canadians and others since the 1980s. The management of Ciro's welcome customers of every imaginable social class and background providing that patrons are agreeably behaved, distinct from the same areas large crack cocaine culture whose members are catered to by other drinking establishments. Ciro's was chosen for observation for its feature of both educated and uneducated patrons and for its eternal television screen, forever on, at all hours, usually showing news-feeds or other material of local interest. Large TV screens are situated behind the bar that takes up the establishment's east wall and suspended from the ceiling at the centre of the area used by customers who both stand or make use of tables. The culture of Ciro's is remarkably democratic apart from firm rules against customers who are rude, potentially dangerous, apt to conduct drug deals on site or who otherwise cannot participate in the friendly cooperative attitude that is shared by customers."
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Social Learning Theory of Media Violence, 2000.
A look at the effects of media violence on children through a critique of the social learning theory of media violence.
2,079 words (approx. 8.3 pages), 8 sources, MLA, AU$ 94.95
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Abstract
This paper dicusses the effects of media violence on children. The paper explains that with children, the perception of the model to which they are exposed to, leads to the imitation and learning of that social model. In particular, the paper looks at how one of the important behavioral theories that actually explain this phenomena, is the social learning theory of media violence presented by Albert Bandura.
From the Paper
" Bandura's formulation of the theory of social learning in media violence has also served many other researchers like Huesmann, who advanced Bandura's formulation by holding that young television viewers develop a mode of understanding violence as they watch violent action on the screen. According to Huesmann, in the "script theory" of the effects of television violence, the viewers develop a script "that guides their expectations in relevant situations-in this case, expectations about what produces aggression as well as expectations about the likely consequences of this behavior-and thus provides a strategy for dealing with certain problems" (as cited in Berkowitz, 1993 p. 230). "
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Communication Theory, 2006.
A summary of the uses and gratifications theory and the agenda-setting theory, two of the most popular and widely recognised theories in communication science.
3,236 words (approx. 12.9 pages), 12 sources, MLA, AU$ 135.95
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Abstract
This paper studies a local publication, the South African edition of "Men's Health" to investigate the reasoning behind mass media public reading and exposure to this print media product. In order to explain the research findings two prominent mass communication theories are used as theoretical frameworks in the study. This is because an international publication that has over twenty-five versions all over the world, such as "Men's Health", is accessible to many different people on many levels of society and so it therefore forms an integral part of the mass media and provides for an ideal case study. The two theories used are the uses and gratifications theory and the agenda-setting theory, two of the most popular and widely recognised theories.
Outline
Introduction
The Publication
Two Communication Theories
Uses and Gratifications Theory
What Gratifications Are Sought And Obtained?
Media's Role in the Gratifications Process
The Three Processes
Expectancy-Value Theory
Dependency Theory
The Agenda-Setting Theory
Definition
Core Assumptions
Theory Framework and Developments
Contingency Factors
Issue Obtrusiveness
Levels of Agenda-Setting
Critique
Uses and Gratifications Theory
Agenda-Setting Theory
Conclusion
Sources Consulted
From the Paper
"The very first definition of the uses and gratifications theory, put forth by Katz, Blumler and Gurevitch (1974), is still among the best and most accurate, stating that the uses and gratifications theory addresses the social and psychological origins of needs, which generate expectations of the mass media or other sources, which lead to differential patterns of media exposure, resulting in need gratifications. This means that the readers of the Men's Health publication are specifically choosing to read the stories in the magazine because they appeal to a certain need that the reader is trying to fulfil. They expose themselves to the media because the contents such as health reports are fulfilling a social or psychological need. "
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Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), 2008.
This paper explores the theory of planned behavior (TPB) by reviewing a journal article that modeled this theory and by applying TPB to the activities of American soldiers at the Abu Gharib prison in Iraq.
1,380 words (approx. 5.5 pages), 3 sources, APA, AU$ 67.95
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Abstract
This paper presents a review of a journal article that modeled the theory of planned behavior and used an experiment-related exercise to show the facets of the theory. Also, the paper uses a very public example that was presented in the media to show the applicability of the theory of planned behavior to explain human behavior. The example chosen was the activities of American soldiers at the Abu Gharib prison in Iraq. The paper concludes with an interpersonal example that is linked to the major hypothesis of the theory of planned behavior.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Journal Article Analyzed: Modeling the Theory of Planned Behavior and Past Behavior
Mass Media Example of the Theory of Planned Behavior: Abu Ghraib Prison Behavior
Personal Interpersonal Example of the Theory of Planned Behavior
From the Paper
"According to Stannard, Zimbardo's study showed that prisons are an institution that are designed to change the psychological make-up of the occupants; what is not clear, is how it affects other occupants, that are their by choice, most notably the guards. Stannard uses Zimbardo's study to state that prisons present an environment where the power differential is so uneven that it presents an environment for abuse, which is prisoners are powerless, while, guards have complete control and complete power."
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Best Practice, 2001.
This paper discusses the business concept of "Best Practice" and places it in context amongst other standard specifications.
3,500 words (approx. 14.0 pages), 10 sources, AU$ 142.95
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Abstract
This paper firstly gives brief details on how best practice emerged and especially on the environmental changes that led to best practice.
Secondly, it discusses bench marking as a key component to best practice and the common characteristics of best practice, with a focus on human resource management and manufacturing organisations.
It describes recent ideas in management and how these link to best practice. Finally, it considers the continuation of the trend and shows how best practice has led us to a new focus on human resource management.
From the paper:
"Best practice management is a current idea that is having a great impact on organisations all over the world. The idea at the heart of best practice is a very simple one ?how do the leading organisations manage their operations?? Beyond this basic concept, definitions of best practice vary. These definitions of best practice generally take the form of a list of requirements or elements required for success. Within these lists we see some common overall themes. One of the themes evident is the focus on human resource management.
Best practice focuses largely on making things better. For a company to achieve this they need to not just look at where things are currently, but also where the future lies. To see where best practice is heading, we will also focus on where best practice has evolved from."
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Hypodermic Needle Theory, 2003.
Discusses the Hypodermic Needle or Magic Bullet theory concerning the effect of the mass media on society.
920 words (approx. 3.7 pages), 5 sources, APA, AU$ 45.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the Hypodermic Needle, or Magic Bullet theory concerning the effect of the mass media on society. It defines the theory and looks at the media content of propaganda, film, radio, television, print messages.
From the Paper
"The Hypodermic Needle Theory also known as the Magic Bullet Theory was the first major theory concerning the effect of the mass media on society. Originating ..."
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Uses and Gratification Theory, 2002.
A discussion of Elihu Katz's theory of the relationship between people amd the media.
740 words (approx. 3.0 pages), 3 sources, MLA, AU$ 38.95
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Abstract
The paper examines the term Uses and Gratification Theory which was coined by Elihu Katz in 1959 which argues that people actively choose their media products based on their needs, hence the theory?s name and that since people make these active choices, the media has less power to influence than previously thought. It analyzes how other theorists have since built on this theory and outlines Jay G. Blumler's four categories of need gratification.
From the Paper
"Media theorists have since built on Katz?s original formulation. In 1974, Katz, and Jay G. Blumler characterized uses and gratification theory as ?the social and psychological origins of needs, which generate expectations of the mass media or other sources, which lead to differential patterns of media exposure (or engagement in other activities), resulting in need gratifications and other consequences, perhaps mostly unintended ones? (Severin & Tankard, 330)."
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Advanced Practice Nursing, 2005.
This paper defines advanced practice nursing, its core competencies and scope of practice.
845 words (approx. 3.4 pages), 5 sources, MLA, AU$ 44.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that advanced practice nurse are registered nurses including nurse practitioners, nurse-midwifes, nurse anesthetists and clinical nurse specialists, who hold authorization from a board to practice, based on the completion of a recognized advanced educational program. The author points out that core competency of advanced practice nurses include the application and adaptation of advanced skills in unstable and complex environments, the ability to apply advanced clinical reasoning including the use of advanced complete assessment, the acceptance of referrals and consultation from other health care professionals and team work with other health care providers. The paper relates that an advanced practice nurse is supposed to diagnose a patient and recognize the underlying problem and then provide adequate treatment, which includes the prescription of medicines as well as administering anesthetics.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Definition
Core Competencies
Scope of Practice
From the Paper
"Further, their nature of practice further includes research work and the utilization of research within the scope of their practice. They are allowed to admit patients to hospitals and the authority to refer patients to other healthcare professionals like licensed physicians and dentists. Additionally an advanced practice nurse also gives consulting services to other healthcare providers. They have professional autonomy and independent practice which also includes management. Moreover they are to manage the physical and mental illness status of the patient with regard to nursing care."
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Pharmaceutical Ethics And Practice, 2008.
An analysis of whether a revised code of pharmaceutical ethics and practice would lift the professional practice of pharmacy to new heights of ethical proficiency and integrity.
1,554 words (approx. 6.2 pages), 9 sources, APA, AU$ 74.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the revised code of ethics for British pharmacists and pharmacy technicians. It discusses the provision of medical care and the important role that pharmacists play in the public health system in the UK. The paper also looks at the possiblity of lifting the professional practice of pharmacy to new heights of ethical proficiency and integrity through a revised code of pharmaceutical ethics and practice. The paper provides the writer's personal views on the issue, as well as the writer's learning diary.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Literature Review
Key Principles
Role and Responsibilities
Ethical Development
Advertised Drugs
Discussion
Commentary
Learning Diary
From the Paper
"The global withdrawal of the drug Rofecoxib from the market in 2004 illustrates this point. Rofecoxib was no more effective than alternative non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in treating the symptoms of arthritis but it was widely promoted as safer and accepted by the public as such. Although there were studies that it brought the side effect of increased heart disease risks, the drug made it big in the market, with 80 million prescriptions worldwide3. The market success of the drug is a testament to the triumph of marketing over science. Only after the US Food and Drug Administration reported 35,000 cases of cardiac arrests and a congressional investigation was consequently held that the drug was pulled out. The incident highlighted the need to ensure that health professionals are adequately prepared to evaluate promotional claims, and to assess and understand interactions with the pharmaceutical industry."
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Advanced Practice Nursing, 2007.
This paper explores advanced practice nursing, an elite and sophisticated extension of conventional nursing practice.
1,152 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 5 sources, MLA, AU$ 57.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how advanced practice nurses are medical professionals with specific core competencies and are expected to provide more specialized care than their less skilled counterparts. The paper explains that this new branch has certain expectations of its practitioners whereby they are required to fulfill the growing need for better and more effective healthcare. The paper explains that their core competencies are grouped under five categories: clinical, research, leadership, collaboration and change agent. The paper details the need to carry out ethical practice, the need to be up-to-date with the new technological and scientific advancements in their field and the need for them to have enhanced cultural competency.
From the Paper
"The main job responsibilities of ANPs include the application and adaptation of advanced skills in unpredictable, complex and unusual settings. They are expected to apply advanced clinical reasoning and decision making to guide, inform and teach patients and others who are under their direct care. ANPs are also required to do advanced assessment of the patient along with their diagnosis, treatment planning, and its implementation and evaluation skills. It is important that they are capable of prescribing and administering treatments within their scope of practice."
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The Cultivation Theory, 2008.
This paper explores whether the cultivation theory can be used in a socially beneficial way.
6,322 words (approx. 25.3 pages), 28 sources, APA, AU$ 213.95
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Abstract
This paper explains the cultivation theory that if a person plays too many games with acts of violence in them, he will be more prone to committing violent acts. The paper relates that much of the publicity surrounding this theory focuses on the negative aspects of the media. The paper then explores how the cultivation theory can be used to produce positive effects and examines how role models can be portrayed in a positive manner to bring about societal change for the better.
Outline:
Part I: Understanding Cultivation Theory
Part II: Massive Multi-Player Online Games and Cultivation Theory
From the Paper
"Television plays an integral role in US society, perhaps more so than in other countries. To understand the significant role that television plays, one must first take a step back in time, to the days before almost every household in America owned a television. Before television, people told each other stories. Grandparents told stories to children and neighbors told stories about the happenings of the world to each other. Information was passed by word of mouth. Long before television, there was the written word, such as newspapers, and later radio. However, not everyone had access to them. Not everyone could read, particularly in rural areas. Those who had access to newspapers and radio passed on the stories to others through word of mouth."
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Communication Theory, 2002.
Examines several communication theories, focusing on how today's media is controlled by specific elitist groups.
2,900 words (approx. 11.6 pages), 7 sources, AU$ 154.95
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Abstract
Communication theories have revolved around the attempt to explain the problems of information and communication. Though they have all differed in a variety of ways, they have demonstrated that certain operating coding schemes exist within communication. Much of this reality is connected to how society functions and there is a debate over how much communication involves the social construction of values through the mass media. Indeed, the question remains over how much free will still exists within a society where one must choose a message from a set of all possible messages. In many respects, communication theories have shown us that information is actually distinct from meaning. This essay will examine several communication theories and will then analyze the phenomenon of how communication, via mass media, is now manipulated by certain elites.
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Communities of Practice, 2008.
An analysis of how communities of practice function and of their growing importance in businesses, organizations and worldwide.
4,096 words (approx. 16.4 pages), 9 sources, APA, AU$ 159.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how the globalization of knowledge pools and resources is responsible for the growing number and importance of communities of practice. The writer defines the term and gives the criteria that must be met for a community to qualify as a "community of practice." The author also describes various ways in which such a community functions and explains how informal networks and professional communities benefit the organization in which they exist as well as the individual members. Additionally, te author lists ways to cultivate communities of practice, and also notes some of their downsides. The paper includes a case study of an organization that set up a community of practice, and charts.
Case Study
Communities of Practice and Organizational Performance
Cultivating Communities of Practice
From the Paper
"With communities of practice, one cannot think in concrete or opposed terms. There is normally a continuum. For example, knowledge can be more or less explicit. Similarly, explicit knowledge is not freed from the tacit. It is not possible to make everything explicit and eliminate the tacit. It is only possible to change relationships. As a result, the process of making something explicit, formalizing or sharing are not just translations; they are instead transformations--the development of a new context of both participation and reification where the relations between the tacit and the explicit will be renegotiated."
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Science Education and Practice, 2002.
A very in-depth study into an investigation of the appropriate level of convergence and divergence in information science education and practice.
13,201 words (approx. 52.8 pages), 59 sources, MLA, AU$ 360.95
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Abstract
The narrow focus of the research is the appropriate level of convergence and divergence between education and practice in database management systems for the period 2001-2020.
Two research questions are investigated:
1. What emphasis distribution between theory and skills during postsecondary database management systems education will have the greatest positive impacts on the effectiveness of database management systems practice over the long-term?
2. Will a dichotomy of perspective between database management systems educators and practitioners concerning the appropriate emphasis distribution between theory and skills during postsecondary database management systems education have negative impacts on the effectiveness of database management systems practice over the long-term?
The research strategy proposes to investigate the issue of the appropriate level for the gap between education and practice in database management systems will involve both structural analysis and phenomenological analysis. Structural analysis is applied to investigate the potential roles of theory and skills development in postsecondary education as a means of promoting long-term effectiveness in database management systems practice. Phenomenological analysis is used in the proposed study to collect data, refine issues, and analyse data within the context of the research questions investigated.
Table of Contents
Abstract
Statement of the Problem
Significance of the Study
Barriers and Issues
Research Questions
Limitations and Delimitations of the Study
Definition of Terms
Summary
Review of the Literature
Historical Overview of the Theory and Research Literature
Theory and Research Literature Specific to the Topic
Summary of What Is Known About the Topic
Contribution the Study Will Make to the Field
Methodology
Research Method
Procedures
Formats for Presenting Results
Projected Outcomes
Resource Requirements
Reliability and Validity
Summary
Discussion of Expectations
Anticipated Benefits
Projected Outcomes
Practical Applications and Findings
Constraints and Limitations of the Study
Contributions to the Field of Study and Advancements of Knowledge
Reference List
From the Paper
"The revolution in postsecondary education in the late-1980s and early-1990s focused in part on the relationship between academic instruction and professional practice in most disciplines. Proponents of the so-called ?new pluralism? emphasize a need for a closer integration of theory, practice, and skills within the educative process (Edwards, 1993).
While few in either academia or the professions advocate a complete de-linking of theory, practice, and skills, many do advocate that the role of academia is to provide the theoretical grounding that will permit graduates to practice in a productive manner throughout a professional career, easily adjusting to innovations as they are introduced (Beyer, 1983). For some, the issue is whether postsecondary education should be for life or for a particular job (Macfarlane, Jeeves, & Boon, 1987). This latter position holds that postsecondary education that focuses on skills development in relation to specific tasks or the ability to apply specific technologies in an expert manner reduces postsecondary education to the level of vocational education, as opposed to preparing individuals for lifelong learning and developing a capacity to grasp and apply innovations as they develop (Madden & Mitchell, 1993)."
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