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McCullough v. Maryland, 2007.
This paper describes the significance of the US Supreme Court decision in McCullough v. Maryland.
1,596 words (approx. 6.4 pages), 5 sources, APA, AU$ 86.95
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Abstract
In this paper the author argues that McCullough v. Maryland was one of the most important Supreme Court decisions in history. The paper gives a background to the case, which began in 1791, and shows how the decision applies in modern times. The author describes the difficulties for today's audiences to understand the case's importance. Therefore, the writer stresses understanding the case's principles, not details.
From the Paper
"From a modern perspective, it can be difficult to understand the key issues that the Supreme Court resolved in the dispute. First, a modern audience may have a difficult time understanding why the states had an issue with the idea of a national bank. However, in the time period immediately following the Revolutionary War there was a huge dispute in the Federal government regarding the Federal government's ability to run such a bank..."
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John Marshall's Leadership of the Supreme Court, 2002.
This paper evaluates John Marshall?s leadership of the Supreme Court by examining four landmark cases: "Marbury vs. Madison", "Fletcher vs. Peck", "Dartmouth vs. Woodward" and "McCulloch vs. Maryland".
McCulloch v. Maryland
2,480 words (approx. 9.9 pages), 5 sources, MLA, AU$ 124.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that John Marshall?s core philosophy was that individual rights were paramount and that the best agency to protect those rights is a strong central government. The author relates that "Marbury vs. Madison" defined the role of the Supreme Court; "Fletcher vs. Peck" answered the question of whether or not contracts made by a state are binding. The author continues that "Dartmouth College vs. Woodward" solved the question of what is the nature and identity of a corporation; "McCulloch vs. Maryland " delineates how far the federal government can go in its relationship with the sovereign states to uphold provisions of the federal constitution.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Marbury vs. Madison
Fletcher vs. Peck
Dartmouth vs. Woodward
McCulloch vs. Maryland
Conclusion
From the Paper
"John Adams was defeated in his run for the presidency by Thomas Jefferson in 1800. In the waning days of his administration, Adams appointed sixteen justices of the peace for Washington, DC. These appointments were confirmed the same day by the lame duck federalist congress. The commissions were signed by Adams and delivered to the secretary of state (interestingly Marshall held this office) to be sealed and delivered. But not all of the commissions were delivered because of the pressures of time and a shortage of clerks. When Jefferson assumed office, he and his Secretary of State, James Madison, refused to deliver the remaining commissions. One of the appointees, William Marbury, appealed to the Supreme Court to force Madison to deliver the undelivered commissions. The whole affair caused great political controversy. Jefferson and his followers resented the last minute appointments and saw them as a ploy by the outgoing Federalists to retain some influence and power. Marshall, a Federalist, privately stated that he believed that Marbury was entitled to his commission. Jefferson and Madison made it known that if the court ruled against them and issued a writ ordering Madison to deliver the commission, that they would ignore it. This concerned Marshall because he felt that this defiance would undermine the court. He had to find a way to resolve the situation by making his views about the case known without provoking defiance from Jefferson. In its opinion, written by Marshall, the court addressed three questions: 1.) was Marbury entitled to the commission? 2.) was he entitled to remedy? 3.) if so, was the Supreme Court the place to seek that remedy? The government argued that Marbury had no right to remedy. Marshall addressed the question of the legitimacy of the appointment first. He viewed the appointment to office as akin to individual property rights, which he defended throughout his career. Notwithstanding the fact that the appointments were made by an outgoing president and congress, Marshall affirmed that once a commission was signed and sealed, the appointee had a right to the office. Next, Marshall addressed Marbury?s right to remedy. He stated that the purpose of the court was not to decide political questions. Elected officials are accountable to the electorate for political decisions. The judiciary?s function is to address legal questions. In this case, the question was a legal one, since it involved an individual?s rights, which an elected official could not abrogate. Thus Marshall ruled that Marbury was entitled to remedy. The answer to the third question was the most important. Marshall noted that the Constitution spelled out the Supreme Court?s jurisdiction. This particular case was based on an expansion of that jurisdiction by Judiciary Act of 1789. Marshall stated that this law was unconstitutional. Congress could not alter the intent of the constitution by passing a law. In making this ruling, Marshall established the principle of judicial review. He claimed for the court, the power to review the laws of Congress and rule on their constitutionality."
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Red Bull and V, 2008.
A comparison of the Red Bull and V beverage companies' performance.
1,333 words (approx. 5.3 pages), 6 sources, APA, AU$ 73.95
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Abstract
The paper analyzes the two companies vying for domination of the energy drinks market, Red Bull and V, and compares their performance. The paper describes and contrasts how each company has built their brand equity and then shows how Red Bull has global market dominance and massive brand equity while V needs to improve its global performance. The paper concludes that embedding itself in popular culture will be critical to V's success in improving its brand performance.
Outline:
Introduction
Red Bull
V
Red Bull vs. V
Strategy for V to Improve Brand Performance
From the Paper
"Dietrich Mateschitz originally came up with the idea for his energy beverage in 1984, after traveling to Asia and discovering the popularity of energy drinks in some areas (A new market, 2007). Mateschitz brought several samples back to Austria and after three long years developed his own version involving both medical research and scientific testing (Brunnen, 2007).
"It was "this period (that) saw the birth of the product positioning 'Red Bull vitalizes body and mind' and the unique slogan 'Red Bull gives you wiings!'" (A new market, 2007). First launched in Austria, in 1992, it was then quickly rolled out throughout most of Europe. This was then followed by North and South America, Africa and then Australia. By 2002, more than one billion cans were being sold annually (Brunnen, 2007)"
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The "Hit Man" v. Brandenburg, 2000.
A discussion regarding freedom of speech, focusing on the cases of Brandenburg v. Ohio (1969) and Rice v. Paladin (1997).
2,633 words (approx. 10.5 pages), 8 sources, MLA, AU$ 131.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how the Brandenburg v. Ohio (1969) case has been an active and major precedent that sets the standard for cases that relate to, or fall under the protection of freedom of speech guaranteed by the First Amendment. This paper examines such cases and focuses on one case that did not fall under its protection: Rice v. Paladin Enterprises (1997), also known as "The Hit Man" case. This paper concentrates on what distinguished both these cases from each other in order to make one fall under the protection of freedom of speech of the First Amendment and the other not.
From the Paper
"On October 26th 1984 a 19 year- old boy named John Mc Collum shot himself and died while he was listening to the recorded song of the rock singer Ozzy Osbourne. He was found dead with the headphones still on and had been listening to the lyrics of the song called "Suicide Solution" which followed:
"Ah know people
You really know where it's at
You got it
Why try, why try
Get the gun and try it
Shoot, shoot, shoot" (as cited in Mc Collum v. CBS Inc., 1988)
The family of the boy sued CBS Records and Ozzy Osbourne holding them responsible for the suicide; the Superior Court of Los Angeles County dismissed the case. The Court of Appeal affirmed."
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V Chip Technology, 2004.
An analysis of the V chip, a method of reducing the exposure of children and teens to violence on television.
1,574 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 5 sources, MLA, AU$ 85.95
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Abstract
This paper examines one of the most controversial steps in curtailing violence on television, the V chip. It discusses whether or not V chip technology provides a good way of reducing the exposure of children and teens to violence on television. The first part of the paper describes how V chip technology works, which is by blocking out graphic violence and language on television. The paper then explores the opposition to V Chip legislation and technology, both from a liberal and a conservative standpoint. In the conclusion, the paper addresses the various concerns that opponents have raised against V chip legislation. It states that, although the V chip is not a cure-all, it provides an effective step in reducing the exposure of children and minors to violence on television.
From the Paper
"In 1996, then President Bill Clinton signed into law a requirement that all new television sets should be equipped with the V chip. This silicone wafer would allow viewers to block programs deemed explicit or offensive simply by punching a key into their remote control pads (Rolfe). This would allow parents to regulate programs based on content, particularly violence, sex and profanity. In its evaluation of almost 10,000 hours of broadcast programming from 1995 to 1997, the National Television Violence Study found that 61 percent of television programs portrayed acts of violence. Most of this violence was glamorized, committed by characters that are otherwise presented as positive role models. While many of the violent acts that would cause serious harm or death in real life, the programs neutralize these lethal effects through the lack of painful effects or through humor (Center for Communication and Social Policy 8)."
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William Shakespeare's "Henry V", 2006.
A look at how the attributes of Henry V are brought out in various parts of Shakespeare's play "Henry V".
1,090 words (approx. 4.4 pages), 1 source, MLA, AU$ 63.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes how King Henry V, the central protagonist in William Shakespeare's play of the same name, evolves as a king over the course of the play, both in his own estimation as well as in the estimation of the other characters on stage.
From the Paper
"Henry solidifies his regality and kinship with war: "Now all the youth of England are on fire, /And silken dalliance in the wardrobe lies:/Now thrive the armourers, and honour's thought/Reigns solely in the breast of every man," says the Chorus, when Henry takes England to war against France for the disputed territories Henry believes are his country's by right, custom, and law. Henry takes the slight upon his persona in the 'gift' of the tennis balls along with his land's claim upon France as a justification to seek glory through armament for all the people of England. Henry's actions indicate that he is not pacific or idle in temperament, but still possesses some of his old, immature and adolescent character--not in his love of games, but in his view of war as a diplomatic game and a scene for proving his reputation to be won or lost, much as at a game of tennis. (II. Prologue. http://www-tech.mit.edu/Shakespeare/henryv/henryv.2.0.html) But when at war, this changes within and without of Henry's character, showing that he always has a capacity to adapt and evolve as a leader."
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Henry V, 2002.
This paper compares the real Henry V with Shakespeare's idolized version of Henry V, the hero king.
855 words (approx. 3.4 pages), 3 sources, AU$ 50.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the great liberties that Shakespeare took in presenting his hero character. The paper states that the real Henry was neither handsome nor heroic. The paper compares Shakespeare's words about the love of his Henry and Katherine with the real king's marriage to Catherine, which was not one of romance but of convenience.
From the Paper
"The quarrels that Henry had with his father were not about his youthful zeal, but his excessive desire for power and funding for his misadventures. That he disliked his father for good reason probably cannot be denied as just as surely as the fruit speaks of the tree from which it came, so too does the health of the fruit indicate something of the tree."
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Sternberg v. Carhart, 2007.
Discussion of the Sternberg v. Carhart case, which involved reproductive rights issues.
1,570 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 3 sources, APA, AU$ 85.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses several of the court cases that were impacted by Roe v. Wade, with an emphasis on Sternberg v. Carhart. The initial law established by Roe v. Wade is evaluated and subsequent cases and their effect on women's reproductive rights is further examined. These issues include first and second trimester abortions and partial-birth abortions. The paper analyzes the opinions of the Supreme Court justices who heard Sternberg v. Carhart, and the court's ultimate decision.
Outline:
Introduction
Background
Analysis
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Roe v. Wade, 410 U.S. 113 (1973), established that a woman's right to privacy extended to reproductive health and guaranteed that women had a right to abortion. This right to an abortion was not an unlimited right, but was the result of weighing the rights of the mother against the rights of the unborn child. Therefore, the Roe court determined that a woman had a virtually unlimited right to an abortion in the first and second trimesters, prior to fetal viability, but that a state could place restrictions on a woman's right to an abortion after a fetus was viable, in the third trimester. Id., 163-165. However, the Roe court acknowledged that medical advances might change the scope of the decision, especially in regards to Roe's trimester divisions. Id."
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Author V.C Andrews, 2005.
This paper discusses writing styles especially of author V.C Andrews.
1,450 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 4 sources, MLA, AU$ 80.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that there are many different styles of writings which are developed from the author's appropriate word choice, varied rhythm, effective placement and choice of modifiers, appropriate transitions, effective and creative use of punctuation, variation of sentence length and a logical hierarchical placement of detail. The author examines the style of V.C Andrews by using a paragraph from her books "Flower's in the Attic", "Heaven" and "My Sweet Audrina". The paper relates that, while Andrews was alive, she only finished six books but her family hired a ghost writer by the name of Andrew Neiderman. However, the author feels that there is a difference between her writing style and that of her ghost.
Table of Contents
Definition of Style
V.C Andrews' "Flower's in the Attic"
V.C Andrews' "Heaven"
V.C Andrews' "My Sweet Audrina"
Ghost Writer Andrew Neiderman
From the Paper
"Yes, I do believe his work is very good. He can still see feel the anguish of what they are going through. But I don't think his writings are as dramatic as Andrews. He doesn't use the every day language and modifiers as she does. I think in a way they do portray the same things. For example, all of the main characters want to be happy, instead it takes a long time for that to happen. And in the process, several of the other character's are destroyed, with no intent on the main character. Something always happens to the one who is terrifying the main character."
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Federal and Maryland Employment Laws, 2005.
An overview of how Maryland employment laws differ from general federal employment laws.
991 words (approx. 4.0 pages), 1 source, MLA, AU$ 58.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how the federal and Maryland state systems of government differ in their application of employment laws. For the most part, the State of Maryland utilizes most of the same employment laws as those mandated by the federal government. It shows that the Maryland Department of Labor, Licensing, and Regulation's Division of Labor and Industry is the governing body for wage and employment law in the state.
From the Paper
"The minimum wage (with some exceptions) is $5.15 per hour in Maryland, just as it is at the federal level. The workweek is 40 hours, and any time worked over 40 hours must be paid as time-and-a-half. The exceptions to this are certain retail mechanics, partspersons, or salespersons who sell or service cars, farm equipment, trailers or trucks, taxicab drivers, executive, administrative and professional employees who meet certain criteria, outside salesmen, commissioned employees, a child, parent, spouse, or other member of the employer's immediate family, and employees of a movie theater ("Maryland Guide," 2004). In addition, agricultural workers in the state must be paid overtime after working 60 hours in a week, and some health care institutions (not hospitals) and bowling alleys pay overtime after 48 hours worked in one week."
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Maryland-Professional and Business Services, 2006.
A review of the professional and business sectors of Maryland.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 3 sources, AU$ 73.95
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Abstract
This document discusses Maryland's economy relative to the professional and business services sector. Maryland's economy is the perfect storm of requisite conditions that this sector needs in order to expand. Maryland has a large concentration of military and defense contractors, several free trade zone, international port access, and is within easy access to every major metropolitan center along the East coast. The paper concludes that the professional and business services sector is going to expand from its current 13% of the total to 15-17% within the next 3-5 years.
From the Paper
"Maryland has proven itself to be an attractive location for professional and business services companies to expand in, start up, or relocate to. It is very conveniently located along the Eastern seaboard of the United States and within reach of transportation to every major metropolitan area along the east coast. This location is important because, since professional and business services require a healthy presence of all industries it encourages a wide array of other businesses and enterprises as well (Maryland, 2006). Additionally, approximately 89% of the Maryland's population of 5.2m residents all reside within a single Consolidated Metropolitan Statistical Area (CMSA) which the census bureau uses to aggregate populations (Maryland, 2006). "
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Charles V and Murad III, 2007.
A comparison of the reigns of Charles V and Murad III.
3,078 words (approx. 12.3 pages), 15 sources, APA, AU$ 149.95
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Abstract
This paper compares and contrasts the reigns of Charles V, ruler of the Holy Roman Empire to that of Murad III, ruler of the Ottoman empire. The author states that the men were vastly different from one another. But despite their differences, there are many similarities in the reigns of Charles V and Murad III, as both men were mediocre leaders who achieved limited success in their roles. While both men certainly faced difficult circumstances during their rules, the paper describes them as also helping to orchestrate their own failings through personal weaknesses and poor decisions. The author concludes that Charles V and Murad III had similar results: both men left their empires weaker then they found them, and both men helped initiate or expand the process by which their empires decayed.
Outline:
Military Miscues
Unwise Policy Decisions
Underappreciated Threats
Worse than They Found It
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Murad III, quite similarly, was challenged by internal and external forces, which largely went unchecked as he withdrew from affairs of state. Internally, he faced dissatisfaction publicly and within his inner circle as his harem exerted significant influence over political decisions. Further, his unwise monetary policy led to a revolt among his soldiers. Externally, the growth of the Ottoman Empire dove into stagnation during his rule, and the once-invincible military showed weakness during its conflicts with Persia and Austria."
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?Henry V?, 2002.
A discussion of how William Shakespeare portrays his character of Henry V as the ideal king.
7,039 words (approx. 28.2 pages), 0 sources, AU$ 261.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at how in the play "Henry V", Shakespeare presents a portrayal of an ideal king and discusses the qualities that he possesses. It examines how Shakespeare uses the story as a tool to depict the qualities that an ideal king would possess and how he does this by showing Henry different situations to see Henry reacts to them. It also analyzes how Shakespeare also contrasts the difference between a good king and a good man since at time Henry is forced to do things for the good of the country that would in normal situations be considered wrong, unjust and immoral.
Outline
Introduction
Transition ? Prince Hal to King Henry
Learned
Just
Merciful
Charismatic and Inspiring
Focused and Dedicated
Heroic and Brave
Problems
The Man Behind the Crown
Conclusion
?Henry V? is not the only Shakespeare play that focuses on Kings and their qualities. Shakespeare, in his historical plays, has examined many different types of leaders, from Richard II, whom he shows to be a weak, indecisive king, struggling to keep control, to Richard III, portrayed as a homicidal tyrant who never let anything or anyone get in his way.
From the Paper
"In ?Henry IV part II? we see the prince Hal as unruly, wild, out of control, and with friends that would certainly not be considered good enough for a future king. However, at the beginning of Henry V King Henry is respectable, learned and completely different to his former self, they could almost be considered two different people entirely. The transition between these two different personalities is never fully explained, but it seems that the catalyst was his father death, and thus his inheritance of the throne and the responsibility of being King. Henry is forced to become a good king because the country needs a good king, and Henry is loyal to his country."
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Virginia and Maryland in Colonial Times, 2006.
Examines Gloria L. Main's "Tobacco Colony: Life in Early Maryland, 1650-1720" and Edmund S. Morgan's "American Slavery American Freedom: The Ordeal of Colonial Virginia".
2,957 words (approx. 11.8 pages), 2 sources, MLA, AU$ 144.95
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Abstract
There are numerous books available for researching the colonial period of American history. Each takes a different aspect or view of early life in the colonies and is supported by vast numbers and types of sources. The two books that are the focus of this paper attempt to illustrate the life and the development of Colonial Virginia and Maryland. The paper shows that both authors use a topical organizational pattern to frame their thoughts. The two writers diverge however when it comes to sources. Main ("Tobacco Colony: Life in Early Maryland, 1650-1720") makes extensive use of inventory and probate records, court proceedings, statutes, governmental documents and previously published works. She also uses an abundance of statistics. The paper shows that Morgan ("American Slavery American Freedom: The Ordeal of Colonial Virginia") relies more on journal articles and books to support his statements. Any statistical evidence he uses is isolated in the appendix where it is less distracting to the reader. Main's focus is toward "human interest" subjects (i.e. clothing styles, house furnishings); Morgan deals with issues and ideas. The paper argues that both books are excellent and present a wealth of information about the colonial era.
From the Paper
"During the depression years, both colonies made attempts to limit tobacco production and stabilize prices. Virginia's assembly proposed several methods to achieve its goals, but without cooperation from the neighboring colonies, success was elusive. Although Morgan recounts limited cooperation between the colonies that resulted in a prohibition on tobacco planting, Main's story is different. She relates that the two colonies never succeeded through cooperation to suppress tobacco production. Main tells of this problem in one short paragraph ; Morgan spends pages detailing the various actions taken by the Virginia Assembly. It appears that Main did not see inter-colonial dealing as important, but Morgan researched the point thoroughly."
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Brown v. Board of Education (1954): Impact on USA, 2008.
An explanation of the "Brown v. Board of Education" case and its impact on American education.
1,963 words (approx. 7.9 pages), 8 sources, APA, AU$ 103.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the case of Brown v. Board of Education (1954) that compelled school administrators and school districts to throw open their doors to African-American students after generations in which segregation had been the accepted norm in US education. This paper argues that "Brown v. Board of Education" was historic because it overturned the Supreme Court decisions of the past that had guided and legitimated segregationist education in America for decades.
From the Paper
"The case was significant, first and foremost, because it over-turned Supreme Court precedent. To be more precise, the Plessy v. Ferguson decision of 1896 had upheld the public policy of the state of Louisiana to segregate African-Americans. Particularly, the Court said that Louisiana was fully justified in having separate facilities for African-Americans and for whites as long as though facilities were "equal". In the Court's considered opinion, the Fourteenth Amendment - a constitutional amendment demanding equal protection under the law for all citizens and one that also impels states to treat equally all citizens under their respective jurisdictions - was not violated by the Louisiana policy of dividing black from white. As the High Court chose to interpret the matter, to the extent African-Americans and their sympathizers saw segregation as a sinister plot to suggest the racial inferiority of African-Americans, such a suggestion or intimation only existed because African-Americans chose to put that construction upon the situation. Of course, as it turned out, the High Court was rather profoundly mistaken."
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Charles V, 2004.
This paper is a biography of Charles V, Emperor of Europe.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 7 sources, MLA, AU$ 65.95
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Abstract
This paper is a biography of Charles V, Emperor of Europe, one of the most important rulers in European history. The paper describes Charles V's historical significance and how he affected the Renaissance and the Reformation. The paper also includes references to his family and blood line.
From the Paper
"Emperor Charles V was one of the most important ruling personalities in European history. The lottery of birth placed Charles at the center of a genealogical network that covered half of Europe. His father Philip was Duke of Burgundy. His grandfather was Emperor Maximilian of Austria. His mother Joanna was daughter of Isabella and Ferdinand, Spain's Catholic monarchs."
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