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Taste Chinese Food, Taste Chinese Culture, 2003.
An overview of how to organise a Chinese function from the planning stage to the execution of the function itself.
3,243 words (approx. 13.0 pages), 8 sources, MLA, AU$ 121.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at the planning of a Chinese function as part of a university assignment. It summarises the whole function from pre-planning, organization until the end production, taking into consideration marketing and finances as well as the catering. It examines how the students demonstrated that they can employ supervisory skills through the planning, organization and production of a function,through the use of practical and technical skills and by the interpretation of the Food and Beverage Control Cycle through the application of the principles and procedures to a practical situation.
Outline
Introduction
Pre-Planning
Approach to Setting Objectives
Strategy for Achieving Objectives
Analysis of:
Marketing Considerations
Financial Considerations
Catering Considerations
Evaluate Function Failures and Overcome Difficulties
Conclusion
Bibliography
Appendix 1 Pre-Planning Function Menu
Appendix 2 ?Taste Chinese Food, Taste Chinese Culture? Function Menu
Appendix 3 Handling Complaints
Appendix 4 Blueprinting of the Function.
Appendix 5 Service Procedures
Appendix 6 The Failures of Each Co-Ordinator
From the Paper
"A comparison of competitive catering services reveals trends in private party formats, cuisine menus, theme and entertainment concepts. Competitive business can often provide valuable information to new and developing operations. Although competition wasn?t a major problem for the function operation because of the nature of this function- it is a university assessment. The consideration of the competition should not be ignored to help to maintain the function to be better and professional. Group 1 chose Chinese food and Group 2 chose Moroccan food. These 2 groups had exactly same location, facilities and support from the university teachers, and the 2 groups targets on the same customers- university students, lecturers, university staff, their own family and friends etc."
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Interlanguage and Second Language Acquisition, 2008.
A case study analyzing interlanguage and how it affects second language acquisition among Chinese adolescents in China.
3,708 words (approx. 14.8 pages), 10 sources, APA, AU$ 132.95
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Abstract
This paper attempts to present a definition of interlanguage and then briefly discusses the components of interlanguage and how they affect second language acquisition (SLA). The paper provides some examples of how interlanguage possibly influences Chinese adolescent learners at Dalian Maple Leaf International High School (DMLIS) in China.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Interlanguage - What is it?
Hypothesis Testing
Beginnings of Interlanguage
Fossilization
Processes Involved in Interlanguage
Language Transfer
Over-generalization
Transfer of Training
Strategies of L2 Learning
Communication Strategies
Conclusion
From the Paper
"With regards to the learners at DMLIS, the aforementioned College English - Intensive Reading text reinforces errors being taught by some of the staff in the ESL Department. Learners are being given information (implicitly through the text and explicitly through instruction) that it is acceptable to begin sentences with the coordinating conjunctions, 'and', 'or', and 'but'. Within the College English - Intensive Reading text that is being used in the ESL department, there are 47 instances of coordinating conjunctions beginning a fragmentary dependent clause within 16 reading passages: an average of 3 per reading passage. Although there is the possibility of beginning a dependent clause with a coordinating conjunction to show emphasis of an idea, Swan (1980) specifies that conjunctions are "used to join clauses together..." (ibid: 152) and "...cannot be used with just one clause." (ibid: 154) In this instance, the instruction, supported by the text, is influencing the learners into accepting and acquiring incorrect grammar structures."
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Chinese Film and Folklore Mythology, 2002.
Examines what is specifically 'Chinese' about Chinese-American film directors, John Woo and Ang Lee.
2,400 words (approx. 9.6 pages), 7 sources, AU$ 115.95
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Abstract
In this paper, the films of Chinese-American directors John Woo and Ang Lee are considered in relation to Chinese and Americanized film genres. Here, Woo's "Face/Off" (1997) and Lee's "Sense and Sensibility" (1995) are examined for elements of Chinese culture and influence. This paper suggests that each director represent a different aspect of Chinese film, but that Woo's attention to the genre of action films compares most particularly with the martial arts genre made famous in Chinese film industries.
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?God?s Chinese Son?, 2002.
A paper which analyzes and reviews the book "God?s Chinese Son: The Chinese Heavenly Kingdom of Hong Xiuquan" by Jonathan Spence.
1,555 words (approx. 6.2 pages), 0 sources, AU$ 66.95
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Abstract
A paper which discusses Jonathan Spence's book "God?s Chinese Son: The Chinese Heavenly Kingdom of Hong Xiuquan" about Chinese Christian missionary Hong Xiuquan who led the Taiping ?Great Peace? Rebellion in a bid to gain power over China's major cities and succeeded in seizing Nanjing in 1853. By examining Spence's book, the paper delves into questions such as: What is the nature of Christianity and how should the missionary movement conduct itself in foreign lands? How did the Taiping Rebellion affect geopolitical forces, in China and abroad? Did the Taiping Rebellion carve the way for the Communist revolution in the following century? What does it mean to have a religious conviction and apply it with military force?
From the Paper
"Christianity already had its claws in Asia by the 1840s, as did Western trade interests. China?s Qing dynasty faced serious challenges to its integrity as it pondered the course of the nation?s future. Protestant missionaries that had flourished in the 19th century began to distribute, on a large scale, religious tracts and Chinese-language Bibles. The impact of these missionaries and their publications might not have been foreseen by the Qing dynasty, which already had begun to splinter. It is within this chaotic and semi-stable environment, coupled with the personal stress of continuously failing his Confucian exams, that Hong Xiuquan had his spiritual visions."
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Gender Roles in the Chinese Media, 2007.
This paper researches globalization and gender differences in images of Chinese women in the Chinese media.
2,811 words (approx. 11.2 pages), 6 sources, MLA, AU$ 108.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the premise that regardless of the efforts of the Chinese media to exclude Western themes from the media, public demand has allowed some Westernized female images to creep into the media of mainland China. The research explores the presence and prevalence of westernized female images in Chinese advertising media.
The paper offers a background of Chinese cultural ideals and provides a literature review. The paper shows how a new image of Chinese women is emerging in the media that is accepted more readily by the women than the men.
Outline:
Background of the Problem
Literature Review
Methodology
Results and Discussion
From the Paper
"China is a country steeped in tradition. Historically, it has been resistant to change and the introduction of foreign influences. For many years, China had an isolationist policy towards any type of foreign influence. China wanted to prove that they were self-sufficient. This exclusion of foreign influence isolated them culturally as well. Chinese cultural ideals were reinforced. Traditional female and male roles were predetermined before a child's birth, and the child dare not try to break them."
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Confucius (551-479 BC) and Chinese Political Philosophy, 2002.
Analyzes the writings of Confucius with respect to Chinese politics and Chinese society.
3,150 words (approx. 12.6 pages), 12 sources, AU$ 150.95
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Abstract
Historical perspectives are compared with contemporary views of Chinese culture and society in Mainland China. An emphasis in this essay is placed on Communism in China and how Confucian philosophy is adapted in different contexts of Chinese cultural authority.
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Culture in Brand Building in the Chinese Market, 2008.
A brief insight regarding the influence of culture on brand building in the Chinese market.
2,198 words (approx. 8.8 pages), 23 sources, APA, AU$ 88.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the Chinese market which is rapidly changing in light of the increasingly global market place. The paper states that the economic boom in China's urban areas is creating a new consumer culture where the consumer has more disposable income, which has affected consumer preferences within the Chinese marketplace. The paper states that the result is that a sophisticated Chinese consumer is emerging and foreign companies need to market to their sophisticated needs, while at the same time marketing to the general population's needs. The paper states that the most effective way for a company to build a strong brand name in the rapidly emerging Chinese market is to adapt itself to the rapidly changing Chinese culture. The paper concludes that despite the numerous challenges that the Chinese market presents, a company can be successful if it spends the time and resources necessary to gain an in-depth understanding of the local culture and the Chinese consumer's attitudes and thus becomes prepared to cope with the many unexpected intricacies of the Chinese marketplace.
Outline:
Introduction
Understanding Cultural Issues
Collective Society
Brand Perception
Language
Aesthetic Sense
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The Chinese people carry with them a strong aesthetic sense, based on their perceptions of nature. To the Chinese consumer, in general, images of the natural form are highly attractive. For example, mountains and animals are often used in association with brand names in order to create attractive brand imagery and visual displays. On the other hand, abstract symbols are not favored as they are inconsistent with the Chinese cultural preference for natural aesthetics. Further more, the marketer needs to understand that the Chinese people enjoy complicated forms and shapes and certain colors. For example, the color red is seen as being the most cheerful color and thus can be successfully used to attract people's attention. Another example is the Chinese preference for peaceful imagery, largely a result of the influence of such religions as Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism. When a company is designing a strategy for marketing their brand in the Chinese marketplace, all of these aesthetic considerations must be made. Therefore, it is important to use specific colors and imagery in order to strengthen the brand's market presence and thus increase overall company profits."
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Chinese Characters, 2002.
An analysis of the history of Chinese characters and symbols.
1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 5 sources, AU$ 57.95
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Abstract
This paper will cover the history and evolution of the Chinese character. In showing the way that the symbols evolved in the Chinese language, we can see why they changed in retrospect. By understanding this, the ideals for a foundation of critique can be revealed, in the metamorphic nature of language in the history of China.
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Career Development Among Chinese Women, 2007.
An analysis of the relationship between culture and occupation among Chinese women working in the banking industry in New Zealand.
20,420 words (approx. 81.7 pages), 22 sources, APA, AU$ 323.95
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Abstract
This study attempts to investigate career development among Chinese women in the banking sector in New Zealand. It discusses career, not only in terms of the relationship between the organization and occupation, but it also looks beyond to factors such as family and religion. The paper then discusses how culture and religion influence an individual in the way they dress and eat as well as many other customs.
Table of Contents:
Abstract
Chapter 1
Introduction
Chapter 2 - Women and Career Development
Career Theories
Career Planning
Differences Between Men & Women In Career Development
Barriers for Women
Career Development For Non-White Women
Chapter 3 - Minority Women in Careers
African-American Women as Minority
Remuneration Issues for Minority Women
Bi-culturalism
Family and Education Issues
Immigrants in Workforce
Chapter 4 - Chinese Women
Chinese Women In History
First Generation Chinese
Second Generation Chinese
Chinese in New Zealand - Current Situation
Chapter 5 - Banking Industry
Climate in the Banking Industry
Barriers for Women
Current Situation for Women in Banking
Chapter 6 - New Zealand Labor Market
Employment in New Zealand
The Effects of Immigrants
Women in the Labor Force
Other Issues
Chapter 7 - Methodology
Qualitative Research
Face To Face Interview
Participants
Sampling
Reason For Choice Of Method
Advantages and Limitations
Data Analysis
Chapter 8 - Findings
Education
The Predicaments Of Chinese Women In The Banking Industry In New Zealand
Glass Ceiling for Chinese Women
Negative Social Stereotyping
Issues In Future Career Development
Chapter 9 - Conclusion
From the Paper
"The changes in the immigration policy of New Zealand are serving as tools to increase the country's human capital which is necessary for the nation's economic growth and development (Trlin & Henderson, 2000). However, with the increase in New Zealand's number of participants in the labour market, issues regarding the immigration policies have surfaced. Among the problems that trigger issues on immigration policy are the apparent rate of unemployment among the nation's locals as well as the unemployment of some migrants."
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Chinese Migration to New Zealand, 2005.
This paper examines governmental and university studies to evaluate the characteristics of the recent Chinese migration to New Zealand as compared to the earlier Chinese migration.
1,995 words (approx. 8.0 pages), 6 sources, MLA, AU$ 82.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that changes in the immigration laws of New Zealand has resulted in changes in the characteristics of recent Chinese immigrants, who are now stereotypically considered to be very wealthy with ready cash, coming mainly from Hong Kong, Taiwan, Malaysia and Singapore rather that the Peoples Republic of China (PRC) itself as past Chinese migrants did. The author points out that the research indicated that this was not true; they do not exhibit the wealth ascribed to these new Chinese immigrants by the media; indeed they are rather young, highly qualified and usually experienced professionals coming predominantly from large urban centers. The paper relates that the new skilled arrivals studied are very different from earlier Chinese migrants not only in their educational and employment backgrounds but also in their points of origin in China; the new migrants are from predominantly urbanized and Mandarin or Wu - Shanghai/Yangtze Delta - dialect speaking areas, which do not fit the traditionally rural, predominantly Yue/Cantonese speaking linguistic profile of earlier Chinese immigrants to New Zealand.
Table of Contents
Thesis Statement
Experiences in Moving from One Culture to Another
The Culture Left and the Culture Entered
Specific Issues and Impact upon Lives
Impacts upon Work/Profession Life and Factors Influences
Resettlement Factors
From the Paper
"The minimum English proficiency levels required of the General Category arrivals were generally somewhat lower than those that would be required of later post-October 1995 General Skills Applicants. However, in the course of completing their degrees most Principal Applicants would have had to study English as a support subject for two years and most likely read some material in English. While their English language skills did not match their technical skills, English levels reached during two years of compulsory university English language study within a science-oriented undergraduate degree would generally be considered adequate to meet the minimum level of English required."
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Language and Intelligence in Humans, 2008.
An argumentative paper on language's association with intelligence and the subsequent differentiation between animal and human being.
3,191 words (approx. 12.8 pages), 7 sources, MLA, AU$ 120.95
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Abstract
The paper asserts that although language does show a sign of intelligence, the differences between animal and human language do not suffice for our views on intelligence. The paper challenges the way we attribute intelligence to the ability to speak and attempts to show how animal and human language are essentially very similar. The paper points out further that conditions such as strokes or retardation have the potential to effect language, but have no effect on test scores. The paper diasgrees with Descartes' belief that animals are machines and discusses John Searle's experiment known as "The Chinese Room". The paper concludes that our beliefs on language and its relevance to intelligence have many flaws and questions.
From the Paper
"The complexity of our language and the basic acquisition of our ability to communicate is without a doubt a sign of intelligence. It is only with a human mind that we can understand the uniqueness of our grammar and the rules that govern the way we communicate with one another. Throughout research of our language and why it is that we began to speak in the first place, social hierarchy that places humans on the top has been constructed with all other species at the bottom. It is clear through our capabilities, whether they are evolved or innate, that there is a distinction between animal and human language. Since it is often thought that language itself is what defines us as humans (Pinker), it is our basis for the claim that we are most intelligent. However, are our abilities to speak and the structure of conventional rules enough to make this claim?"
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1960 Chinese Propaganda, 2007.
This paper discuses two Chinese media articles about the agricultural situation in 1960 as examples of the Chinese Communist Party's (CCP) use of propaganda.
3,175 words (approx. 12.7 pages), 11 sources, MLA, AU$ 118.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, until the 1970s, sinologists and others studied the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) media for clues as to what might be occurring in Mainland China of which there was much conjecture. The author compares the reports from two 1960 CCP media releases, which were prepared for the national Chinese audience by the People's Republic of China (PRC), with what is now known about the terrible Communist planning error in the agricultural sector during the late 1950s and early 1960s. The paper concludes that all media materials from Beijing were expected to be propaganda; therefore, the Chinese public became adept at discerning what really might be happening. The author stresses that this reflective habit is still practiced in the PRC, despite much liberalization of the mass media.
Table of Contents
Introduction
'Go to the First Line of Agriculture!'
'Advance Payment of Wages Every Month Stimulates Enthusiasm of the CCP'
Mao's Famine
Concluding Discussion
From the Paper
"The article seems to fit with a great deal that appeared through the month of September 1960 to do with agricultural gains, work still to be done, the potential for China to become a kind of agrarian paradise, and general applause for the rural laborer. In the article discussed, rural toil is said to be very good for cadres who may still be bureaucrats or people otherwise not yet exposed to the soil. Readers in the cities, or for that matter in Hong Kong or Taiwan or wherever else refugees from the Communist state had fled, had reason to wonder what was meant by the "transfer of large numbers of cadres ..."
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Christina Gilmartin?s ?Engendering the Chinese Revolution?, 2003.
This paper reviews the book "Engendering the Chinese Revolution" by Christina Gilmartin, which provides a portrait of the women active in the Chinese Communist and Nationalist parties in the 1920s.
800 words (approx. 3.2 pages), 1 source, MLA, AU$ 37.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the book "Engendering the Chinese Revolution: Radical Women, Communist Politics, and Mass Movements in 1920s" by Christina Gilmartin which shows that despite the efforts of various Chinese feminists, both male and female, the patriarchal nature of society created a gender system within the Chinese Communist Party, which ultimately reinforced traditional roles. The author states that the book focuses on Xiang Jingyu, one of the most well known women in the era fighting for reform in education and other facets of social equality. The paper explains that this book also deals with the extreme revolutionary period of 1925-27 through the First United Front, the alliance between the Communist and Nationalist parties.
From the Paper
"The Communists adapted Soviet models of propaganda, cultural symbols, and organization to mobilize the worker population, both male and female, in assisting the formation of a new nation-state in full equality- at least that is what the posters, articles, and orators exclaimed. The urban and rural student populations were especially targeted as both recruiting areas and distribution systems for party literature. The propaganda during the Northern Expedition against the warlord factions was particularly graphic; it detailed the horrific acts the troops carried out against women."
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Modern Chinese History (1949-1980), 2004.
An examination of modern Chinese history, focusing on the rule of Mao Zedong and the Chinese Communist Party (CCP).
1,574 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 2 sources, MLA, AU$ 66.95
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Abstract
The modern Chinese history under Mao Zedong is often perceived as a one-dimensional, iron-fisted rule by the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) led by Mao. The truth, of course, is not so simple or one-dimensional. It is true that Mao was a larger-than-life figure who was raised to a godlike status through the personality cult built around him. The paper points out that, at the same time, Mao was an incorrigible revolutionary, which in itself ensured that there would never be a dull moment as long as he was in power. Although defying Mao?s thoughts in China was a hazardous occupation while he lived, differences of opinion and expression of alternate visions within the CCP about how the country should be governed were not totally absent, even during Mao?s lifetime. This paper examines some of the major policy campaigns launched by the CCP during 1949-1980, the difference of opinion or alternate visions expressed by a few, and the consequences they had to face.
From the Paper
"In order to understand the dynamics of Communist China, it is worthwhile to briefly examine the background of the Communist movement and see how it came to China. China was a formerly great continental empire ruled by a weakened monarchy in the early part of the 20th century. A republican revolution in 1911 brought an end to the monarchic rule but the country remained beset with internal troubles and foreign interference. Japan, with its imperialist ambitions, sought to make China its protectorate, while local warlords in the country all but made a central government, irrelevant. China entered the World War I on the side of the Allies, hoping to halt the Japanese ambitions on its territory, but was badly let down at the Treaty of Versailles. In such a political environment, a group of Chinese intellectuals?inspired by the October 1917 Communist revolution in Russia, formed the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) in 1921. Initially, the Communists joined the Kuomintang nationalists (KMT) who led a fight against the warlords to reunify the country."
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Language Policy in Korea, 2005.
A review of the 2005 language policy of the Republic of Korea.
3,220 words (approx. 12.9 pages), 29 sources, MLA, AU$ 120.95
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Abstract
Korea is a country with a long and proud history in which language plays a particularly important and interesting role. This paper discusses language policy in the Republic of Korea through an investigation of Korean history, society, culture and economy; factors which have had a major impact on official policy, as well as societal attitudes towards language.
Outline
An Introduction to Korea
Chinese
Japanese
English
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Culturally Korea is very different from countries in the west. The journalist, author, and long time resident of Korea Michael Breen, in his book "The Koreans," writes, "This is not a culture in which diversity is seen as a value or an ideal. Koreans see virtue in unity: one mind, one people, one system, one race, one path (1998:68)."
Korea is considered to be the nation most influenced by Confucian philosophy, being even more orthodox in its implementation than China, from where Confucius originated. Therefore, elders are held in very high regard, as are people in authority, and of high social standing."
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Chinese Address Terms, 2001.
This paper looks at the actual use of Chinese address terms in various interpersonal relations, the grammatical status of the terms of address, and the condition(s) for their occurrence in Chinese.
3,220 words (approx. 12.9 pages), 100 sources, MLA, AU$ 120.95
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Abstract
This paper lexamines Chinese address terms, their grammatical nature, usage, history of their use, similarities to other languages, and the social dynamics involved in their use. Through the examination of exact terms, the author demonstrates to the reader, the different ways that these terms can be used, depending upon the audience being addressed.
From the Paper
"The extension of kinship terms to non-kin persons like categories 6 and 7 has the goal in Chinese communities of socializing the young into respect for their elders and care for their young. Wu says, ?extending the family relationships to outsiders thus fulfills the goal of ?one family under the sky? (tianxia yijia)? (1989).Used by the speaker of these terms implies that the rules of behavior are extended to the addressee; or they might even by said to be imposed upon the addressee. If the addressee feels uncomfortable, he can decline the term of address applied to him in this particular relationship. This can happen when the addressee is genuinely modest or when he senses some degree of insincerity in the act. Usually the socializer who confers the address-form is a parent or a caretaker of the child (Hong 1991). But the same discomfort can occur when the term is inconsistent with the addressee?s sense of camaraderie."
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