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Indian Economics, 2002.
Explores India's export policy in the 1960s and its impact on the country's economic development from then till now.
2,650 words (approx. 10.6 pages), 6 sources, AU$ 157.95
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Abstract
India is a country that has become a subject of increasing popularity among economists and social scientists. Much of this has to do with the fact that as the nation approaches one billion in population the challenge of achieving economic development has not reduced since the country's day of independence just after the Second World War. At the same time, Indian leaders have been characterised by their desire to implement economy-wide plans, which have met with varying degrees of success. With this in mind, the purpose of this paper will be to examine the topic of economic planning and development in India. This will focus on India's export policy in the 1960s and its impact on the country's economic development from that time till now.
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Indian Economics, 2003.
A discussion of the current economic status of India.
1,555 words (approx. 6.2 pages), 6 sources, MLA, AU$ 82.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the economic issues and instabilities of India due to the country's irrational economic policies, overwhelming military expenditures and its growing computer industry. It looks at how the scenery of Indian economy has been strongly characterized by state?s interventions since the 1991 crisis and how, since then, India has hypothetically lived a dynamic and active process of liberalization of its own economy that consented the country, in the last few years, to delineate its enormous potentials. It shows how the traditional sectors of the economy are agricultural and manufacture and how the latter is favored by the numerous natural resources and by the low costs of labor.
From the Paper
"Seventy percent of the Indians live in rural areas. When it is talked about cutting rural development and services, it means that most of the Indians will suffer. ?The finance minister failed to tax the rich and took the easy option of borrowing, raising that target by almost 40%?(Bidwai, 2). The outcome was a raise in the prices of wheat and rice distributed to the officially poor to cut the dept owed to the IMF. On the other side though, the finance minister, had cut taxes in export profits, and electronic equipments to the already thriving entertainment, and information technology industry. Not to mention the increase of military expenditures by 28.8 percent, exceeding the total expenditure on primary education, health care and social welfare. India, does not have a middle class; the new graduates start with salaries as high as $120,000 a year. Such income is spent in luxury goods, while it would be of great help in promoting some private investments for the well being of the rest of the population."
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Public Choice Theory And Indian Economic History, 2004.
Applies the Public Choice Theory and Indian economic history.
1,356 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 5 sources, MLA, AU$ 76.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the Public Choice Theory and deadweight loss as they apply to Indian economic history.
From the Paper
"India's economic history has been a case study for economists of the Public Choice Theory school. The maxim held by all free market economists is that people are motivated mainly be their self-interests. Although people often do act based on their concern for other people the basic motive behind a person's actions is typically a concern for their own self. Public Choice theorists take this self interest and ascribe it to the people in power. Public Choice economists believe that people acting in the political marketplace are ..."
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Indian Economic Development, 2002.
Disusses the results of trade liberalization on the Indian economy since the 1990s.
2,650 words (approx. 10.6 pages), 10 sources, AU$ 157.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the impact of economic reforms in India since 1991. It outlines the centrally planned tradition of the Indian economy and the radical policy change of the early 1990s. Ten years later it evaluates India in the wake of trade liberalization and globalization.
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Indian Involvement in American Economics, 2002.
This paper looks at the results of the Southeastern Indians and the Powhatan of Virginia in the geopolitical and economic systems as those groups encountered the European colonialists in the eighteenth century.
1,641 words (approx. 6.6 pages), 3 sources, MLA, AU$ 86.95
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Abstract
The paper explains the difficulties faced by the Southeastern Indians and the Powhatan of Virginia as they attempted to integrate with the European colonists. The writer discusses how the failure of the Indians to emerge victorious in the struggle for integration was also to the decentralization of their cultures, as opposed to the highly organized and united cultures of the Europeans. The paper brings historical examples to back up this claim.
From the Paper
"Despite European hegemony, "Powhatan culture remained more or less intact until well into the eighteenth century," because the Indians "were tenacious of their ancient way of life" (Rountree 144). Even when they lost much of their land, they were still able to maintain their culture (Rountree 144). However, that very tenacity and way of life were the main reasons they were ultimately overwhelmed by the Europeans. Only by becoming brutal and organized like the Europeans could they have longer sustained their culture, but in doing so they would have earlier lost the roots of that culture."
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Indian Givers: How the Indians of the Americas Transformed the World., 2008.
A Critique of Jack Weatherford's "Indian Givers: How the Indians of the Americas Transformed the World."
1,495 words (approx. 6.0 pages), 1 source, MLA, AU$ 79.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses that the term 'Indian giver' has come to be a synonym for someone who gives something, only to take it back. The paper further explains that it was the Indians who were forced to give to the Europeans--their knowledge about farming and fishing in the Americas and ultimately their land. The paper discusses that in Jack Weatherford's book, "Indian Givers: How the Indians of the Americas Transformed the World," the exchange between Europeans and Native Americans was an unequal one, with Europeans taking of the positive benefits of the New World, while the Indians were doing all of the giving. The paper concludes that unwittingly, the Indians found themselves the recipient of the evils of European civilization, like slavery, and a disrespectful attitude to the land.
From the Paper
"According to Weatherford, the early post-Columbian contact of the Europeans with the native populace actually enabled the Industrial Revolution to change Europe, and ultimately the world. "Had Europe and America not come together through Columbus or some other connection, the industrial revolution would never have happened in the way we know it," because Europeans would never have gained access to the metals of the New World, or to Indian mines (Weatherford 57). This contact also generated the money economy of Europe and fueled a shift to a European economy based upon real, hard, convertible currency. Metal-based currency also was critical in fueling industrialism and world trade. By beginning the book with tales of South American encounters with Europe, which were particularly brutal and unequal from the beginning of the Indian-European relationship, Weatherford initiates a tragic tone, explaining how enslaved South American Indians mining gold and silver in Potosi supplied the precious metals for most of the European coins that generated wealth for the Old World at the expense of the liberty of the New World."
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Trade and Civilization, 2007.
A review of K.N. Chaudhuri's book "Trade and Civilization in the Indian Ocean: An Economic History from the Rise of Islam to 1750".
1,609 words (approx. 6.4 pages), 1 source, MLA, AU$ 84.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses trade and civilization in and around the Indian Ocean. It begins by describing the general link between an ocean and the development of peoples and civilizations lying within geographic proximity of it. The paper then goes on to review K.N. Chaudhuri's book "Trade and Civilization in the Indian Ocean: An Economic History from the Rise of Islam to 1750" that the contention he makes in the book that the Asian oceanic trade of the "Dark" and Middle Ages dramatically shaped Asian civilization.
From the Paper
"The last area of discussion is the manner by which the internal economies of the Asian societies were influenced and shaped into one form or another by the Indian Ocean. Without question, countries adopt their economies to the natural resources they have available to them. Trade can very easily lead to specialization in certain areas above and beyond all others and to economic and technological innovation of the highest magnitude. When examining pages 186 and 187 of Chaudhuri's text, one is immediately struck by how certain geographic locations specialized in certain export items, such as China specializing in the export of silk or rice. This development foreshadows in today's age of globalization, and it gives lie to the theory that the specialization brought about by a global market is somehow a twentieth century phenomenon. In a real sense, the indigenous economies of many Asian countries to the present have their antecedents in the Indian Ocean trade of the pre-modern epoch."
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Trade and Civilization, 2008.
A review of K.N. Chaudhuri's arguments in "Trade and Civilization in the Indian Ocean: An Economic History from the Rise of Islam to 1750."
1,609 words (approx. 6.4 pages), 1 source, MLA, AU$ 84.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes the relationship between trade and civilization around the Indian Ocean. It discusses the topic according to K.N. Chaudhuri in his book "Trade and Civilization in the Indian Ocean: An Economic History from the Rise of Islam to 1750." The paper argues that Chaudhuri's book is a sound one and that, had the Indian Ocean never existed, the nature of Asian civilization today and in the past would be radically different.
From the Paper
"Indian Ocean trade had a great impact upon the pre-modern Asian world. Political stability, marine law, technological innovation, the distribution of humanity along the coasts of every Asian nation touching the waters of the Indian Ocean, and national economies were all influenced profoundly by the Indian Ocean trade. The implications of this influence can even be seen today. Consequently, to understand the pre-modern history of Asia, one must first understand the interaction between the region and the Indian Ocean that has done so much to guide the course of history in that part of the world. In the end, the history of the world's great Asian civilizations cannot be told without telling the story of the Ocean that nourished--and continues to nourish--all of them."
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The Indian Economy, 2008.
This paper examines India as an expansion target for an American company.
1,998 words (approx. 8.0 pages), 5 sources, APA, AU$ 102.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the economic system and the socio-cultural environment in India. The paper describes India as a new force in the international market, that when the commercial and financial markets will be fully liberalized, both the Indian people and international investors will benefit. The paper looks at the national currency of India, inflation and the evolution of the exchange rate values for the Indian Rupee and the American Dollar.
Outline:
Indian Economic System
Socio-cultural Environment
Regional Economic Integration
Foreign Exchange Market
From the Paper
"Besides the fact that it has the second largest population in the world, above the critical figure of 1 billion inhabitants, India is known at the global level, for the fact that its economy is booming. The economic growth rate reached the value of 9.4 %, right after the most fast growing economy of the world - China. However much is to be done in the direction of economic development since the major international organisations offer India the title of 'underdeveloped country' This unfortunate denomination is attributed to the enhanced level of poverty and lack of economic equalitarian distribution of incomes and revenues."
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Economic Development in Post-Indepence India, 2002.
Analysis of why India has failed to become an economic super power since its independence.
3,650 words (approx. 14.6 pages), 10 sources, AU$ 214.95
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Abstract
The central question in Indian economic history is why a nation that has achieved so much remains, despite its early promise, a secondary economic power in the world today? This paper addresses this question in a tripartite fashion.
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India & China: Sleeping Economic Giants, 2002.
Study and comparison of China's and India's economic policies since 1949.
3,775 words (approx. 15.1 pages), 8 sources, AU$ 221.95
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Abstract
The report studies the Indian economic policies and compares and contrasts them to the Chinese case. The economic policies of both countries are looked at after 1949. As well, their Industrial and agricultural production are examined.
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Indian Economy and Government, 2002.
A look at the impact of high level government involvement on the economy of the Republic of India.
2,150 words (approx. 8.6 pages), 6 sources, AU$ 128.95
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Abstract
This essay will argue - through an analysis of Indian economic performance over a timeline of the past two decades - that the high government involvement in the economy of India has seriously inhibited the economic performance of the nation as a whole.
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"Indian Givers", 2005.
A review of the book "Indian Givers: How Indians of the Americas Transformed the World, Volume I" by Jack Weatherford.
675 words (approx. 2.7 pages), 1 source, AU$ 42.95
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Abstract
The paper explains that Jack Weatherford began to examine the history of the Native American as he discovered that many agricultural products would not have been produced in farming without the knowledge that Indians gave those in the new world. The paper describes how Weatherford further stipulates that it is through these advances in agriculture that the United States has remained a strong contender in the global market ,and that without the influences of the Native Americans on the early settlers those new to America would not have survived. The paper analyzes how, through his work, "Indian Givers: How Indians of the Americas Transformed the World", Volume I, Weatherford brings an insight to a people that most individuals have been negligent in understanding. The paper concludes that it is Weatherford's purpose to demonstrate that Native Americans have been a misrepresented and forgotten people when the history of North America is discussed.
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The Stimulus FDI has Provided in Harnessing India's Economic Potential, 2002.
An in-depth analysis of the role FDI (foreign direct investment) has played within the Indian economy.
10,670 words (approx. 42.7 pages), 25 sources, APA, AU$ 341.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes the role Foreign Direct Investment has played within the Indian economy. It traces FDI's history in India as well as the socio-economic and geo-political factors which have led to the inflow of FDI. The paper studies the success and failures within industry- specific areas such as power, telecom, IT and BPO. It also deals with India?s struggle through policies of protectionism and repudiation to large scale reforms, divestments and privatization. The research is somewhat critical of the use of FDI but looks at all aspects of FDI and its role within the Indian economy.
Table of Contents
Opening the Indian Economy and the Magnitude of FDI
Introduction
FDI and Comments on Governmental Policy Formulation for Promotion of MNE? s
Imperative of Attracting Export-oriented FDI through MNE? s
A Professional Approach to Promotion
The Socio-Economic and Geo-political Factors Leading to Liberalization- based Policies in India
Evolution of Government Policy in Conjunction with Promotion of FDI through MNE?s
Evolution of Government policy: 1948 ? 1967
The Restrictive Phase: 1968-1979
The Opening up of the 1980?s
Structural Adjustment and Globalization: 1990s
Government Policy and Trends in Foreign Investments and Collaboration
Inflows of FDI and an Analysis of Historic Comparative Advantages as Opposed to Knowledge Based Growth
FDI and Pitfalls Related to Inflow
Historic Comparative Advantages
Lost Ideologies in Globalized Paradise
Case Power Sector
Knowledge Based Growth
Case: Telecom Scandal
The IT and BPO sectors
Case Examples
Western Demand and Dupplies Curves
Comments
Indian Liberalization Targets vs. FDI policy Inflows
Foreign Investment Policy
Magnitude of FDI Inflows
Steps India Can Take to Accelerate Increases in FDI Inflows
National Promotion as Brand for Inflow of FDI
Focus on Tertiary Service Sector
Rural Cottage and Agro-based Businesses for Large-scale, Economic Production for Exports
Bureacracy Reduce
Privitzation Acceleration
Investment in Domestic Infrastructure and Projects
Conclusion and Recommendations
Limitations and Future Research
Conclusions from Investigation
Recommendations
Personal Review
From the Paper
"Various other policies have been laid out since and have been put into effect as an attempt on the part of the Indian government to firmly safeguard MNE ?s business interests and promote a competitive environment. Since 1991, India has received a number of delegations of potential foreign investors and the most recent one which is worth mentioning is Mr Bill Clinton?s delegation to India which has literally brought about huge FII (Foreign Institutional Investments) upto an estimated $4 dollars within a week. The US has also provided MNE ?s to borrow from the EXIM and World banks to further invest in India upto the tune of $750 Million. An indicator of the changed Indian environment is the fact that two giants that left the country following restrictions placed on them under FERA, IBM and Coca-Cola, have both recently come back. IBM has set up a joint venture with the TATA group of companies and Coca-Cola has taken over the local soft drink maker manufacturer, Parle."
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British Economic Involvement in the West Indies, 2006.
An analysis of the differences in the economic systems of the West Indies and India and the economic involvement of Britain in these areas.
2,306 words (approx. 9.2 pages), 9 sources, MLA, AU$ 114.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the similarities and differences between the 'stories' of British economic involvement in the West Indies and in the Indian subcontinent between 1750 and 1860. The paper looks at the uniqueness and complexity of each economic system and how British economic involvement in the territories forged a new 'British identity', based on the goods imported at the time.
From the Paper
"Furthermore, a major difference between the economic involvement of Britain in the West Indies and India, at least in some historian's eyes, is the nature of the influence of entrepreneurial figures. For instance, Cain and Hopkins regularly use the term Gentlemanly Capitalism to describe British economic involvement in India. The term is extremely subjective, but it can be understood to refer to a new and 'respectful' kind of Capitalism, based on the existing system of Indian capitalism as well as meaning a gentlemanly pursuit of new forms of commercial activity, such as finance, away from traditional land-owning and industry. This form of an economic aim or economic involvement did not exist in the West Indies; in fact the economic aim was diametrically opposed to that of India. In the West Indies, 'Gentlemanly' conduct was not in the economic lexicon; simply only what was economically viable. This was the case because of the very different nature of commercial activity there. Slavery was, intrinsically, a base, brutish practice, which involved the desensitising of both profiteers and victims; slaves were viewed as a commodity or chattel, while status was not based on the type of economic activity engaged in, e.g. finance, but on the amount of slaves a member of the 'plantocracy' had amassed."
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"North American Indian Ecology", 2006.
This paper reviews and examines Donald Hughes' book "North American Indian Ecology" which focuses on a wide range of ecological and environmental issues faced by Native American Indians in the 20th century.
2,310 words (approx. 9.2 pages), 1 source, APA, AU$ 114.95
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Abstract
This paper explores and details North American Indian life and culture as portrayed in Donald Hughes' book "North American Indian Ecology." This paper discusses the land issues facing the North American Indian tribes including overgrazing, erosion and assessments of appropriate land usage. The writer of this paper finds Hughes' book to be straightforward and concise in clarifying the characteristics of Indian life such as hunting, food growing and rituals.
From the Paper
"Tribes are having to mediate the disparate demands of their members and the industrial mindset of the BIA to balance forest use for economic need and preservation for cultural need. Tribes face many of the same problems as non-Native communities held hostage by the timber industry. Replanting has not always kept pace with harvesting on public or trust lands. The push to harvest old-growth timber is constrained by federal mandates to protect endangered species habitats, putting people out of work. Few local communities gain the "value-added" benefits of processing their own timber especially jobs and new businesses and when they do the environmental impact of mill sites has to be factored into any cost-benefit analysis."
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