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India, WTO and the Development Round, 2003.
Discusses the Indian perspective in the development round and possible outcomes of contentious issues.
12,754 words (approx. 51.0 pages), 15 sources, MLA, AU$ 390.95
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Abstract
The first part reviews briefly the functioning of the multilateral trade fora and India?s participation in it. The key issues of the WTO in the Development Round are discussed in the next part. India?s concerns are analyzed in the third part. The fourth part focuses on the core areas of conflict and analyzes the possible outcomes given the bargaining power and capabilities of the players in the international political economy. In conclusion the paper focuses on the strategies which India should take based on findings of where her real interests lie. The future of India?s participation in the WTO and extent of its probable integration in the world economy is also discussed.
Introduction
GATT and the WTO
India and GATT/WTO
WTO?s Development Round: Key Issues
India?s Concerns
Core Issues and Possible Outcomes
India in the WTO: A Broader Perspective
Conclusion
References
From the Paper
"In almost half a century GATT had eight trade negotiating rounds. In the early years, the GATT trade rounds concentrated on reducing tariffs. A new issue was introduced in the Kennedy Round in the mid-sixties which brought about a GATT Anti-Dumping Agreement. The Tokyo Round during the seventies was the first major attempt to tackle non tariff trade barriers and to improve the trading system. The eighth, the Uruguay Round of 1986-94, was the latest and most extensive of all. It led to the WTO and a new set of agreements covering for the first time trade in services and intellectual property.
The success of GATT in promoting and securing the liberalization of much of world trade is universally recognized. Continual reductions in tariffs may have been the major factor in very high rates of world trade growth during the 1950s and 1960s ? around 8% a year on average. The momentum of trade liberalization helped ensure that trade growth consistently out-paced production growth throughout the GATT era, a measure of countries? increasing ability to trade with each other and to reap the benefits of trade. The rush of new members during the Uruguay Round demonstrated that the multilateral trading system was sought after by countries seeking faster development by economic and trade reform."
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Developing Countries, 2006.
A discussion on how free trade reduces poverty in developing countries.
2,265 words (approx. 9.1 pages), 22 sources, APA, AU$ 113.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how advances in technology have figuratively shrunk the world, linking all four corners of the globe and facilitating global relationships. The writer examines how, despite the challenges of insensitive development of globalized free trade, in general, the positive benefits of this policy far outweigh the disadvantages. The paper notes that globalization has brought rapid prosperity to many developing countries and that because of the liberalization of free trade policies, poverty levels have fallen dramatically in many developing countries. The paper concludes that because of this economic growth, millennium development goals are on track for many countries, with a hope of reducing the world's poor to approximately 600 million, by the year 2015.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Global Overview of Poverty Statistics
Economic Performance and the Reduction of Poverty
Malaysia
China
El Salvador
Challenges to Globalization as a Reducer of Poverty: Free Trade and the Rice Sector
Other Challenges to Globalization: Higher Unemployment Rates
Doha Development Round: The Future of Economic Development in the War Against Global Poverty
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Ten countries, with agricultural export potential, were analyzed in a WTO commissioned research study. In the study, East Asia and Europe were identified as leading winners to trade reform in both the short and the long-term. "In Brazil, liberalization would drive rapid poverty reduction by prompting increased agricultural production and employment in regions with relatively higher poverty incidence, while in China, the poor would gain as exports would increase to agricultural markets in East Asia that are highly protected at the present" ("Poverty & the WTO", 2005)."
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The 1947 Partition of India, 2005.
This paper discusses the impact of the partition of British India in 1947 into India and Pakistan and argues its harmful effects.
1,800 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 6 sources, AU$ 114.95
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Abstract
This paper sums up the social, political, economic repercussions of the 1947 partition of British India into India and modern-day Pakistan. The paper suggests that a more conciliatory approach on behalf of the political leaders of the day might have avoided much of the subsequent bloodshed and spared both of these nations the acrimony and animosity that presently lingers.
From the Paper
"The partitioning of India has stirred a great deal of debate. This paper will wade into that debate by examining whether or not the partition of India made sense socially, politically, or economically. More specifically, this paper will argue that the 1947 partition did a great deal of harm to India - and to Pakistan - in all three regards and that a more inclusive approach involving the leaders of the day might have spared both nations the tragedies that followed. With that in mind, it is to a discussion of the Indian partitioning of 1947 that one now turns."
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| Essay # 102783 |
temporarily unavailable
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India and Its Independence, 2007.
An analysis of India's position regarding World War II and their desire for independence.
2,549 words (approx. 10.2 pages), 8 sources, MLA, AU$ 124.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the independence of India. It looks at India's political situation during the World War II and whether India was a country with beliefs that agreed with the War. It discusses why India wanted to be free from the British. The paper analyzes why India became involved in the war, the part Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi and Chandra Bose had in the war and the position India held concerning the war. Finally, the paper discusses how Bose believed it was better to fight with the Japanese against the British to win independence while Ghandi believed it was better to fight on the side of the British with the hope of gaining independence.
Table of Contents:
Abstract
India and Politics
The History of British Rule in India
India and Its Position at the Beginning of World War II
Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose
Mahatma Gandhi and India
Independence for India
From the Paper
"Many of the leaders in India did not want to actively participate in World War II. History shows that Gandhi and Nehru wanted to tie any participation of their country in the war with independence for them. First, consider some facts about Mahatma Gandhi. This is explained in the article, "Mahatma Gandhi", (2006), Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi's birth was in a small town called Porbander on October 1, 1869 (p. 1). He went to school in Rahkot due to the fact that his father was the prime minister of this area. Gandhi was actively involved in keeping peace between the Hindu and Muslims. One of Gandhi's problems was that he refused to see the two separate elements the Hindu and Muslims had (Mahatma Gandhi 2006). Gandhi wanted peace and independence for his country."
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India's Ancient Civilization to Modern Day Politics and the Legacy of the British Raj., 2001.
A look at India's development from as early as the 3rd millennium and how other nations and civilizations often imposed their rule on India. The primary focus of the paper is on how British rule in India continues to effect modern Indian politics.
3,960 words (approx. 15.8 pages), 6 sources, AU$ 172.95
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Abstract
In this paper the author examines how British rule has made an impact on Indian politics. Making comparison to Abdullah Hussein?s characters in ?Weary Generations?, the author suggests that British rule, in modern Indian politics, continues to be ?an unhappy marriage that still is not broken?. The second section of the paper discusses political institutions in contemporary India and their relevance, whilst the third section looks at Indian ancient civilization which the author suggests has led to a modern day philosophy of non-violence, religious tolerance. The paper concludes with a look at democracy in India as compared to that in China and Japan.
From the paper:
?The English made many external changes that led to the Indian people's desire and ability to become their own unified country. Although unification may never have happened without the influence of the British, it was the Indians themselves that eventually achieved their unity. The British could not completely unify India.?
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WTO Agricultural Negotiation, 2004.
This paper discusses the agricultural negotiations of the World Trade Organization (WTO), an independent international organization, which establishes and maintains rules governing global trade.
2,440 words (approx. 9.8 pages), 8 sources, MLA, AU$ 119.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the Doha Round held in 2001 was a once-in-a-generation chance to change the rules that govern international agricultural trade so that both consumers and producers in both developed and developing countries would benefit. The author points out that the WTO agriculture negotiation has been viewed by many as an imbalanced instrument because it gives special and differential treatment to developed countries by strongly protecting them, while putting pressure on developing countries to liberalize more. The paper includes the '12 steps' program that is recommended for global human rights and food security.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Literature Review
Analysis
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The issues slated for discussion in Cancun centered on agriculture?s three pillars previously mentioned. The Ministerial also had to discuss services; market access for industrial goods; the implementation of the Uruguay Round and special and differential treatment; geographical indications; investment, competition, government procurement and trade facilitation; environment; trade rules; and dispute settlement. The overall objective was defined as the narrowing down the gap between rich and poor countries."
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China and the WTO, 2002.
This paper discusses China?s inception into the World Trade Organization (WTO) and addresses the question of whether or not China's markets have expanded since its entry.
7,925 words (approx. 31.7 pages), 20 sources, MLA, AU$ 275.95
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Abstract
On December 11, 2001, China officially became a member of the World Trade Organization (WTO), opening the country?s doors to change and a new economy. This paper looks at the long journey it took in order to achieve this goal and the future prospects of such a step. The paper begins with an historical overview of China's economic structure and how this culminated into a decision to enter the WTO. It discusses the obstacles that China experienced in joining the WTO and the cost of the membership. It provides a table of China's commitments to the WTO and looks at what they expect to get in return. The economic impact of such a move is discussed and how this has influenced China's market structure and financial market reform.
Introduction
History of China?s Economic Structure
The Decision to Enter the WTO
Obstacles in Joining the WTO
The Cost of WTO Membership
China's Key Commitments to the WTO
What China Gets in Return
Economic Impact on China
China?s Commitments
Foreign Investments
Changes Made and Lessons Learned
China?s Market Structure
Financial Market Reform
Trade and Foreign Direct Investment
Conclusion
From the Paper
"On December 11, 2001, China officially became a member of the World Trade Organization (WTO), opening the country?s doors to change and a new economy. One year after China?s entry into the WTO, the country reported great success, showing better-than-expected economic growth and fulfillment of its WTO commitments, despite its shaky world economy. The excellent performance of the Chinese economy was clearly demonstrated by its eight percent growth rate in gross domestic product, as well as the significant growth in trade and inflow of foreign direct investment. As a result of its inception into the WTO, financial experts forecast that China will become the fifth trading country with an import-export volume worth US$600 billion and one of the most attractive areas for foreign direct investment, which exceeded US$50 billion in 2002 alone."
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Mexico and the WTO, 2008.
An examination of the influence of the World Trade Organization (WTO) on Mexico.
2,287 words (approx. 9.1 pages), 13 sources, MLA, AU$ 113.95
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Abstract
The paper relates that the WTO has the greatest influence on Mexico, relative to its economic and structural development. The paper explains how the WTO indirectly affects positive global economic growth; rather than mandating policy, it negotiates and ensures that the smallest economic presence has equal access to the same economic and trade apparatus as the largest presence. The paper notes that with less export trade in goods and services, many developing countries would simply remain dependent on foreign aid and would never develop the internal capacity to establish a positive economic model.
Outline:
Overview
The World Trade Organization (WTO)
Mexico and the WTO
WTO Policies in Terms of Development
The World Trade, FDI and Development
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Mexico is extremely useful in terms of a country for examination relative to ascertaining the influence of developmental policies of international organizations because it has been subject to international forces within the global economy through both its World Trade Organization (WTO) membership as well as its membership in NAFTA (North American Free Trade Association). Additionally, its geographical proximity to the U.S. and its developing economic status ensures that it is subject to various transnational organizational influences by degree depending on the particular organization in question. However, the organization with the greatest influence on Mexico relative to its economic and structural development is the WTO because the WTO's apparatus, while subtle in many respects, has done more to shape the global economy than perhaps any other transnational body and this degree of influence is clearly represented in the Mexican development over the past several decades."
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India's Economic Performance, 2002.
Explains India's economic performance by taking an in depth look at the economic, political and social change that has taken place within India during the postwar years.
2,900 words (approx. 11.6 pages), 5 sources, AU$ 171.95
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Abstract
This comprehensive study is aimed at the major economic, political, cultural and social changes and crises that have taken place within India during the period in question and it will attempt to assess the extent to which these factors have shaped the country's economic performance. Included in this analysis will be an assessment of economic development and social change, the economic and political aspects of agricultural change, as well as political change, political structure and the functioning of government. Attention will also be directed towards the caste conflict and language differences as well as the extent to which they have had an impact on the level of economic development that India has been able to achieve and the nature of this development. The main hypothesis that will be tested in this study will be the following: while India has achieved relatively significant economic advances during recent years, especially in light of the country's status as a Third World nation, these advances have been limited.
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India and Pakistan, 2004.
This paper discusses the history and relationship of India and Pakistan.
3,930 words (approx. 15.7 pages), 18 sources, MLA, AU$ 172.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that India and Pakistan have been arch-rivals since the partition of the sub-continent that took place more than 50 years ago; their animosity goes back a long time and finds its main causes in religion and history. The paper shows how this animosity has turned into a deadly arms race. The author points out that Pakistan never accepted the accession of the state of Jammu and Kashmir to India. The paper relates that the culture of medieval terrorism has spread throughout Pakistan because the Pakistan government has permissive attitudes towards terrorism and uses Islamic Jihad terrorism against India.
Table of Contents
History of India and Pakistan Relations
Independence and Partition
The Fight for Pakistan's Independence
War and Revolt
The Kashmir Conflict and the Wars Fought between India and Pakistan
Civil Unrest in the State of Jammu and Kashmir before the Issue of Accession
The Transfer of Power in the State of Jammu and Kashmir in 1947
Accession
The Plebiscite
First Indo-Pakistani War over the State of Jammu and Kashmir
Second Indo-Pakistani War over the State of Jammu and Kashmir
Third Indo-Pakistani War
The Current Situation in the State of Jammu and Kashmir
Social and Economic Problems in Pakistan and India
Effect of September 11th on India and Pakistan
Pakistan
India
The Culture of Terrorism
The Nuclear Capabilities of the Two Countries
From the Paper
"In 1931, the Maharaja's officials in the Jammu Province disrupted many different Muslim prayer congregations and insulted the Holy Quran. This caused a massive outrage among the Muslim community. The Muslims held many meetings and processions. At a meeting, Abdul Qadeer delivered a violent speech against the Maharaja. He was arrested by the police and charged for sedition. During his trial, the police shot a crowd of Muslim protesters outside the Srinagar Central Goal, taking the lives of twenty-two demonstrators and a policeman. This day is known as "Martyrs Day" in the history of Kashmir, marked as the beginning of the struggle of the Muslim Kashmiris for independence from the Indian government."
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Performance Appraisal System in Banking in India, 2008.
An analysis the past, present and future view of the banking industry in India, with a focus of performance appraisal systems in the industry.
12,441 words (approx. 49.8 pages), 31 sources, APA, AU$ 384.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews the literature with regards to performance appraisal systems in the banking industry in public and private sector banks in India. It provides a historical overview of the banking industry in India and looks at a future view of its banking industry. The paper then discusses reforms and management issues in banking in India and the need for performance appraisal.
Table of Contents:
Historical Overview Of Banking Industry In India
Future View Of Indian Banking Industry
Reform And Restructuring Of Banking Hr Management
India Banking Sector Reforms
Challenge-Management In The Banking Industry
Innovation HRM In A 'Hyper-Competitive Environment
People-Centric HR Management In Banks
New Emphasis On HRM Related Practices
Banking Sector Technology Deployment
India Banking Industry HRM Report (2000)
Intensive Bank Restructuring Program: State Bank Of India
Performance Management & Appraisal Systems
Talent-Management In The India Banking Industry
Limitations And Scarcity In Performance Appraisal In Banking HRM
Recent Studies In HRM Performance Appraisal Methods
Summary Of Literature Reviewed
From the Paper
"Stated to be a good measure of devolvement was an increase in proactivity in personnel function in the past five years and in both the Indian and British interviews relating to involvement another measure was revealed stating to be "continuous feedback from line managers." (Budhwar and Sparrow, 2002) It is held that this is "an important measure of devolvement as it helps to evaluate whether things are working according to plans or not, and what changes will be required in the future." (Budhwar and Sparrow, 2002) An expectations that such type examinations might reveal "the extent to which managerial cognition of strategic HRM actually relate to practice. Similarly, the influence of possible new dimensions of national culture, as suggested by both Indian and British managers' viewpoint should be examined. The thinking of personnel specialists and different levels of employees from other sectors, regarding their function, should also be examined." (Budhwar and Sparrow, 2002)"
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India-U.S. Relations, 2007.
Discussion of the developing political and economic relationship between the United States and India.
2,693 words (approx. 10.8 pages), 21 sources, APA, AU$ 129.95
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Abstract
This paper traces the historic relationship between the United States and India, from its fragile beginnings to the current strengthening of ties. Several issues are addressed that have contributed to the relationship between the two nations. These include the Cold War, economic cooperation between the US and India, and India's security issues. The author believes that India and the United States are still in the early stages of what will hopefully be a strong and prosperous friendship. The writer concludes that decades of mistrust and friction must be resolved if relations are to fully flourish.
Outline
A History of Wariness
Economic Cooperation Between the US and India
Security Issues
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The United States was frustrated by its inability to win influence in this strategic nation that serves as a jumping point to Asia and the Middle East. Even after the Cold War, the United States' relationship with India remained rocky over issues such as nuclear proliferation, India's conflict with Pakistan, and high trade tariffs. However, a new era seems to be dawning in U.S-Indian relations. Both sides have begun to look past historically divisive issues and to focus on natural synergies between the nations, particularly in the area of economic cooperation. Despite growing economic ties between the nations and increased understanding over India's nuclear status, significant issues still remain in the development of a solid partnership between India and the United States."
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History of Marriage in India, 2007.
This paper traces the history of marriage in India, citing its religious and cultural importance.
1,724 words (approx. 6.9 pages), 7 sources, APA, AU$ 89.95
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Abstract
This paper explores the history of marriage in India, where it is viewed as a sacrament and the greatest bond between a man and a woman and between their families. The author discusses arranged marriages and the role of sexual intimacy in marriage. The paper further highlights the different outlooks on marriage between Northern India and Southern India. Also considered is the impact of other cultures in India, including Islamic and Western Culture. The author concludes that despite these cultural influences, marriage remains a sacrament in India.
From the Paper
"The greatest event in a family in India is a wedding, which celebrates and evokes every possible social obligation, kinship bond, traditional value, sentiment and economic resource (Encyclopedia of Nations 1995). It is considered essential by virtually everyone in the country. The individual sees it as the setting for one's transition to adulthood, which is the result of a combination of choices by everyone in the group or family. Everyone is born in a family and the choice of a family is beyond individual choice, which is why arranging a marriage is a critical responsibility of parents and other relatives on both sides. Some Indian parents make this arrangement at the birth of a child while some wait until later. Child marriage was practiced by small ancient groups, especially the Rajasthan, for their children under the age of five (Encyclopedia of Nations, Stormloader). Hindu scriptures sanctioned the practice and its early consummation and emphasized that a girl should be married before puberty or before her first menstruation. If not, she would go to hell because it would constitute abortion. Their Prophet Islam taught that marrying young girls from 2 to 8 would be ideal. Indians also fixed the age of the groom at ideally three times that of the child bride..."
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E. M. Forster's "Passage to India", 2008.
Discusses the colonial strife in India as presented in E. M. Forster's novel "Passage to India".
1,580 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 5 sources, MLA, AU$ 82.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that situations of racial and ethnic strife occurred long before the British colonization of India; however, the British presence created a worsened landscape. The paper relates that this stark realization of racism is played out in E. M. Forster's novel "Passage to India", especially within the symbolism of the Marabar Caves, which is the orient to the usurpers. The author points out that the trial of protagonist Aziz is an example of how such mystery feeds the minds of a fearful population, both native and white.
From the Paper
"The foundations of the strife between the characters and the community in stark realization, during the only time in the novel when the "truth" is allowed to be heard is still evident, as many probably walked away from the incident and the trial with a clear sense of the mystery that surrounds the caves. No one is allowed to discover the whole truth, as to whom if anyone really attacked the white woman, or if it was simply the fear of the surroundings that rebuffed the young girl."
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Islam in India, 2002.
Discusses the arrival of Islam in India and its impact on the country.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 5 sources, AU$ 56.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the introduction of Islam into India. Briefly it chronicles Muslim expansion into India after the year 711. Subsequently, it assesses the impact of Islam on India and also India's impact on Islam.
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