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Increasing Cost of Healthcare, 2007.
This paper discusses the increasing costs of healthcare and looks at the reasons for this increase.
1,790 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 7 sources, MLA, AU$ 83.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that the topic of healthcare has become increasingly more popular as the world moves into the information age. The writer points out that there have been major technological advances and changes in marketing regulations for healthcare that have helped to fuel the upsurge of new decisions in the industry. The writer discusses that the cost of healthcare has risen so much that more and more people are unable to afford health insurance or to visit doctors when necessary. In this paper, the policies that surround the issue are discussed. The writer also examines what the best choices would be in order to determine whether there is a way to lower healthcare costs without compromising patient privacy and safety.
Outline:
Introduction - Definition of the Problem and Policy Background
Goals
Policy Proposals
Conclusion
From the Paper
"One of the goals of HIPAA, other than the privacy and access issue, is to simplify the procedures used by healthcare organizations and reduce the paperwork that they are often required to fill out on each patient. If the paperwork and exchange of data between various healthcare organizations were simplified, the federal government believes that healthcare costs might be lowered significantly."
"This is obviously a very important concern for many patients who already feel that they pay way too much for the small amount of health care that they receive. Some who need a doctor do not always go and see one, simply because they cannot afford the cost of an office visit and any medications or tests that the doctor may feel are necessary. People can die needlessly because of the cost of healthcare, and that is one of the things that the new HIPAA legislation is working to stop. However, HIPAA has been in existence for several years now, and the costs have still not come down to where they should be - which is where most people can afford to deal with them."
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Healthcare Costs, 2008.
This paper examines the increasing costs of healthcare to consumers in the US today.
1,325 words (approx. 5.3 pages), 8 sources, APA, AU$ 64.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the increasing costs of healthcare and healthcare insurance to the consumer in the current market. The paper looks at the various methods that patients are using to finance medical care. This includes Medicare and Medicaid, self-paying patients, patients relying on philanthropic sources and insurance that is integrated with managed care systems.
Outline:
Abstract
Overview
Medicare/Medicaid
Self-Paying
Philanthropy
Managed Care/Insurance Providers
From the Paper
"Healthcare costs and payment are increasingly problematic across the U.S. market because of increasing costs and increasing rates of uninsured patients. Within the healthcare apparatus there are some aspects which affect the cost of healthcare greatly such as staffing requirements, workload activities, as well as a host of variables, all of which affect affordability which have led to costs increasing as much as 12% by recent estimates (Medical, 2007). These variables consist of shift percentages, skill mix percentages, education and training costs, and a host of other miscellaneous expenses related to healthcare delivery (Geisler, Krabbendam & Schuring, 2003)."
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Healthcare Costs, 2008.
A discussion on how consumers can get better value and reduced healthcare costs that are now out of control.
762 words (approx. 3.0 pages), 1 source, APA, AU$ 40.95
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Abstract
This paper presents a plan for reducing the high costs of healthcare in the US. The writer makes the argument that we as consumers bear the primary responsibility to control healthcare costs. Specifically, the writer contends that if we pay our own insurance premiums, and a significant part of our healthcare expenses, we will help bring down the costs of healthcare. The writer then expounds on this contention and explains why it would work. The writer concludes that if we were to play a more active role in choosing our insurance provider and our healthcare providers we would help lower costs and improve the quality of our healthcare services.
Outline:
Introduction
The Cost of Healthcare is too High
We as Consumers Bear the Primary Responsibility to Control Costs
If We Pay for More of Our Healthcare, We Can Lower Costs
Conclusion
From the Paper
"I recently accompanied my brother to the emergency room of a local hospital for a broken arm. While I was pleased with the overall care he received, the bill for setting his arm and an overnight stay for observation topped $2,000! Medical professionals may argue that the amount paid reflects their need to cover the costs of overhead and the indigent, but no medical professional can defend $10 for an over-the-counter pain pill or $800 for the use of a room overnight."
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Increasing Access to Healthcare, 2000.
A focus on the uninsured population in the State of Maryland.
1,660 words (approx. 6.6 pages), 2 sources, MLA, AU$ 78.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the problem of the uninsured in the State of Maryland with a critical eye on the total health care delivery system, its components, and how the system might be improved to increase access to care. Includes state agencies, budgets, managed care organizations and providers.
From the Paper
"The Secretary of The Department of Health and Hygiene is an appointee of Governor Parris Glendening and maintains oversight of three (3) state agencies that are responsible for planning and implementing the state?s public health programs. The agencies: Health Care Financing, Operations, and Public Health Services coordinate resources to provide a delivery system of health care services to citizens throughout the state. The Secretary reports to the governor and makes policy recommendations on issues affecting public health and welfare, health care reform, industry legislation and regulation."
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Healthcare Costs, 2002.
A study into the current state of healthcare insurance in America and suggestions for improving it.
3,422 words (approx. 13.7 pages), 9 sources, MLA, AU$ 140.95
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Abstract
This paper studies the increasing costs of healthcare insurance in the United States. The paper explains how the current systems of Medicare and HMO's work and what proposals are in place to try and improve the lack of good healthcare cover in America. As an example, the essay shows how organ donations are covered by insurers and proves that there is a severe lack of adequate funding available.
From the Paper
"The question of how to balance the real fiscal concerns of organ donation with the responsibilities of managed care (either within the context of a private health maintenance organization or within a managed public program such as Medicaid) requires a well thought-out management philosophy, one that balances the needs of patients, the skills of health-care providers and the economics of health-care; this is all too often not the case. Both public programs such as Medicare and private HMOs are currently not able to handle as gracefully as many might with the complex medical, logistical, legal and financial requirements of a national organ donation program, as we can see in this assessment of the ways in which a new Medicare program has fared."
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Healthcare Costs, 2007.
This paper argues that the U.S. health care system, especially in its life saving allopathic rather than preventative form, creates a cost conflict for consumers.
2,615 words (approx. 10.5 pages), 14 sources, MLA, AU$ 114.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that an extremely aggressive medical care system has created a cost prohibitive demand for heroic measures rather than a system that takes the whole of the community into account and allows the consumer preventative care and reasonable end-of-life care. The author stresses that the middle class is most significantly feeling the strangling effects of this out-of-control medical system and ethic. The paper concludes that the bottom line of this multivariate situation is that there seems to be very little real accountability. The paper includes many quotations.
From the Paper
"For example, in a logical capitalistic situation, the price to utilize a particular piece of equipment should go down as demand goes up to offset the initial cost of producing and or acquiring the product. Yet, the costs seem to continue to rise regardless of how many other people have been charged $2,000 to use the equipment costing about 50 cents per minute to run the equipment for a test period of no longer than 30 minutes in most cases, or how long the equipment has been used. Though this is a far simplified analogy, sustainability should still be at the forefront of thought on the issue of equipment and supplies."
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Improving Healthcare in a Healthcare Facility, 2006.
Describes a system for improving the patient incident reporting system in a typical tertiary healthcare facility.
2,249 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 16 sources, APA, AU$ 101.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the patient incident reporting system at a hospital and explains that the present system, which is designed to track patient incidents such as falls, patient abuse and medication errors, as well as provide a means of implementing corrective action, is highly labor-intensive and cumbersome. The paper then proceeds to identify and describe six different initiatives that would improve the efficiency and effectiveness of the current patient incident reporting system.
Table of Contents
Initiative No. 1. Use Existing Hospital Information
System for Patient Incident Reporting for JCAHO
Quality Assurance Tracking Purposes
Initiative No. 2. Installation of Hospital-Wide Patient
Records Database
Initiative No. 3. Use Existing IT Systems to Trend
Adverse Patient Incidents for Inclusion in Hospital-Wide
Quality Assurance Reports
Initiative No. 4. Applying Existing Information Systems
for Improved Inventory Control
Initiative No. 5. Implement Interactive Menu-Processing
System for Inpatients
Initiative No. 6. Improve Hospital and Grounds Security
by Using IT-Based Web Camera Applications
From the Paper
"The Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO) has already mandated that all accredited healthcare facilities have in place a means of tracking patient incidents such as falls, patient abuse, and medication errors and to provide a means of implementing corrective action when deficiencies are identified (Bryan & O'Connell 23). Although our hospital does in fact have such a patient incident reporting system in place, it is a highly labor-intensive paper form-based approach that requires copying and hand-delivery to the Office of Quality Assurance; furthermore, this paper-based system is easily transferable to the existing hospital-wide information system intranet. In this regard, the proposed online replacement should replicate the existing patient incident reporting system as closely as possible to ensure staff acceptance of this alternative (Auerbach, Beckerman, Cohen, Goldstein, Quitkin & Rock 134)."
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Article Review: Cost Allocations in Georgia Healthcare, 2005.
A review of Timothy Cairney and Kevin Bennett's article "Support Department Cost Allocations in the Georgia Healthcare Industry".
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 1 source, AU$ 51.95
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Abstract
This paper is an article review on the topic of cost accounting in the healthcare industry. The article chosen discusses cost accounting practices within 19 hospital centers in Georgia, looked at various parameters such as number of revenue centers compared to service centers, types of accounting methods used, frequency of using a cost accounting methodology, software, etc.
From the Paper
"This paper will review the study performed in the fall of 2004 and published earlier this year by Timothy Cairney and Kevin Bennett (2005) titled: Support Department Cost Allocations in The Georgia Healthcare Industry. Tim Cairney is an assistant professor of accountancy with specialized interests in cost and management accounting. His partner, Kevin Bennett, is an assistant professor of health services administration in the Georgia Southern University system. Both are well published. While interest in cost accounting methodologies for the healthcare industry are growing based on the number of recent non-fiction books (including text books) on the subject as well as the dramatic increase in colleges offering specific courses on the topic, Cairney and Bennett report that: "sophisticated support cost centers are used less than may be expected given the complexity of the healthcare firms' operation" (p.90)."
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Healthcare and the Middle Class, 2004.
Examines the rising costs of healthcare for the American middle class.
1,605 words (approx. 6.4 pages), 9 sources, APA, AU$ 76.95
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Abstract
This paper defines the income and social levels of the middle class in the United States and examines the effects that the rising costs of healthcare have had on the middle class. The paper examines the growing trend which seems to lessen the availability of the individual in attaining care while at the same time increasing the costs and access to healthcare -effectively barring many in the United States middle class from receiving proper care for their health.
From the Paper
"The healthcare crisis as well as the unbelievable costs associated maintaining a health insurance policy has resulted in 43.6 million individuals that were covered by insurance in 2001 losing or forfeiting their coverage due to the inability of either the individual or the individual's employer to pay for the healthcare insurance. The national middle class household income is stated to be $42,049 while the average family healthcare insurance premium is the approximate amount of $9,066 a year. Households with incomes between $25,000 to $50,000 a year are among the 43 million individuals who are presently without insurance."
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Healthcare, 2005.
A discussion on the type of prepayment system for healthcare and its effect on the costs and quality of healthcare.
1,600 words (approx. 6.4 pages), 2 sources, MLA, AU$ 76.95
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Abstract
This paper expands on the relationship that exists inextricably between the length of the patient stay in hospital or other medical institution and the type of insurance held by the individual patient. It discusses an idea for an effective prepayment system for healthcare. It also reviews literature about the conflict of the interaction between the business, management and financial realm within the institution affected by the diagnostic-related groups and the professional medical staff. The author offers a personal opinion on the importance of the balance of the interrelation of the financial paradigm and healthcare giver in order to create a successful result for the patient.
Abstract
Objective
Introduction
Length of Inpatient Stays Found Influenced by Insurance Type
Business Management versus Medical Profession
Clustering of Patients in Industrialized Healthcare
Financial Schemes and Endeavors
From Medical Economics to Health Economics
Discussion
Summarization
Importance of this Study
References
From the Paper
"The DRGs were an attempt by the medical professionals in an effort of standardization of medical practice. DRGs would allow the hospital to operate on a productive basis and yet the DRGs were not a commodity that could be traded and was not a product that could be stickered with a price tag. The result was the clustering of patients into groupings in order to utilize the hospital's resources more effectively and efficiently. The presumption of industrial engineers did not take into consideration that patients were consumers and had choices they could make between and among the products, services, and healthcare. The intention of the DRGs was not for a market that was administered in healthcare or for the purpose of price competition buildup between different providers of healthcare. However the understanding is that DRGs are a mechanism for fostering competitive forces in a quasi-market for healthcare."
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Integrated Delivery Systems (IDS) for Healthcare, 2004.
This paper discusses an organizational model for reducing the cost of healthcare delivery: Integrated Delivery Systems (IDS).
2,035 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 6 sources, APA, AU$ 94.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that three factors led to the development of the Integrated Delivery Systems (IDS) model: A greater interplay between all the players in health care delivery, increased influence of business health groups, and the movement away from "bean counting" to risk management, early detection, and demand prevention. The author points out that Integrated Delivery Systems, no matter their specifics, are primarily for one purpose: To connect users to the information they need to do their job in the health care delivery system as quickly as possible. The paper stresses that the IDS is the best model for leaping the chasm between the ideal medical world of the clinical sector of health care and the ideal financial world of the administrative and operational sector of health care.
Table of Contents
Background
Development
Qualitative Impact of IDS
Economic Impact of IDS
The Future
From the Paper
"Shortly after these changes began, ?inclusive? delivery models got underway, with early ones being physician-hospital organizations (PHOs) and integrated delivery networks (IDNs); arguably the coexistence of these led to the development of IDSs capable of operating within the four structures another researcher had identified, by 1996, as the evolving types of IDSs. These four models were HMOs, joint ventures such as Columbia/HCA, federations of community hospitals and a ?hub and spoke? arrangement bring large medical centers and nearby community hospitals into sync."
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Revenue Healthcare, 2008.
A research analysis to discover which tools healthcare organizations and practitioners may use to increase revenue streams while facing rising costs and an increasingly aging population relying on Medicare and Medicaid.
2,013 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 8 sources, APA, AU$ 92.95
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Abstract
The paper reviews the trends, innovations and future of finances, revenue streams and investments in the healthcare industry. In doing so the paper proposes several choices or alternative sources of revenues for hospitals treating an ever-increasing number of patients that rely on Medicare and Medicaid for insurance. The paper comments that at the time of this study, most hospitals fell short of revenue goals because Medicare and Medicaid did not provide adequate compensation to meet the needs of the aging population.
Outline:
Introduction
Purpose of the Study
Overview Medicare & Medicaid
Background and Review of the Problem
Tools Used in the Past to Generate Revenue
Tools That May Save Money
Other Sources of Funding
How to Protect Revenue Streams
From the Paper
"Unfortunately, while these programs offer some assistance to patients, Medicare and Medicaid often fall far short of need when the time comes to pay for lengthy hospital stays. Legislation in recent years has proposed cutting the budget for Medicare and Medicaid in the past, something that would only increase the problem hospitals and other healthcare facilities have when collecting revenues for treatments offered to the Medicare and Medicaid population (AHA, 2006). Many hospitals and other facilities have gone as far as denying treatment because they cannot keep up with costs associated with caring for those without secondary insurance."
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Healthcare, 2005.
An in-depth discussion on healthcare costs.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 0 sources, AU$ 51.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the rising healthcare costs in the United States and its long-term effects. Several of the primary drivers of increasing healthcare costs are examined with their short-term solutions introduced thereafter. The research concludes with the examination of the primary modes of healthcare deliver, Medicare and managed/employment based healthcare programs and the overall solution to the long-term healthcare system problems. The result is the recommendation that the healthcare system be nationalized and several cost control measures mandated by Congress.
From the Paper
"The United States is courting disaster with its current trend in rising healthcare costs coupled with its aging population. In the United States healthcare is fully privatized with employees being offered healthcare insurance through the employer which is usually subsidized by the employer or healthcare insurance is available privately but is expensive. Additionally, there are several federally mandated programs such as Medicare and Medicaid that provide some degree of medical coverage to the elderly and the underserved. Clearly, the United States' medical healthcare system is in dire need of an overhaul; otherwise, the ramifications of having a very large percentage of its population become essentially uninsured, which is to say uncared for, are dire. Below are the primary drivers of this increasingly unaffordable system followed by a recommended solution. The Prescription Drug Industry The federal government must contain the spiraling prescription drug costs."
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Healthcare: USA, 2002.
A brief look at how finance and payment mechanisms affect the way healthcare in the U.S. is delivered.
745 words (approx. 3.0 pages), 12 sources, MLA, AU$ 38.95
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Abstract
For the majority of Americans healthcare delivery in the United States has been via a market driven system, usually through purchase of health insurance, participation in HMOs or other types of collective agencies. This paper briefly discusses how those who qualify enrollment in Medicare and Medicaid programs cover or defray costs of healthcare, but how for a growing number of people in the U.S. medical care costs are not covered by insurance or government programs, for them out of pocket and indigent services are their only options. This paper looks at the how financing healthcare affects both costs and use of healthcare services.
From the Paper
"Private health insurance in the United States developed around the 1930?s during the Depression4 and grew during the economic expansion of the post-WW II years. ?Under most private insurance and Blue Cross--Blue Shield plans, fee-for-service, with physicians determining the economic value of their own services, became the established method of reimbursement for physician services covered under the benefit structure of most insurance policies.?5 Payment for healthcare services through private insurance arrangements removes the cost knowledge for the consumer of what the physician / hospital is actually charging of delivery of the services. In economic terms this indifference by the consumer to the costs of service removed the ?market discipline.?6 Healthcare providers have little reason to contain costs. To offset the removal of market discipline insurance companies initially developed two approaches, either insurance companies will pay up to a predetermined specified amount on or will pay based on a predetermined schedule of allowances, regardless of the charges."
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Healthcare Communication, 2008.
This paper focuses on healthcare communication between the providers of healthcare and their patients.
1,454 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 8 sources, MLA, AU$ 70.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that the term healthcare communication can refer to all types of communications used in the healthcare industry, be it communication between and among healthcare agencies, healthcare providers, and healthcare clients. In this paper, however, the writer concentrates on the topic of healthcare communication between healthcare providers and their patients-clients. The paper emphasizes the importance of this communication and looks at the current movement in healthcare education to bring back the human touch into healthcare practice in order for medicine to regain its soul.
Outline:
What is Healthcare Communication?
Relevance of Healthcare Communication
Emergency Room Situations
Confidentiality
Dealing with Family Issues
Dealing with Sociocultural Issues
Communication in the Process of Healing
Principles of Therapeutic Communication in Healthcare Settings
Verbal communications
Verbal communications
Nonverbal communications
From the Paper
"Communication is an exchange, a two-way process. But sometimes this is forgotten in the healthcare setting when the patient-client becomes the passive, receiving end while the healthcare provider does all the talking and fails to listen. However, for healthcare delivery to be effective, there should be an exchange of information between the two parties.
"Healthcare providers have a 2-fold responsibility towards their patients who are basically their clients. First, they must have the technical skills, and second, they much have the ability to communicate and empathize. In other words, a healthcare professional does not only need the brain and skill to perform his/her work. He/she must also have his/her heart into it."
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United States and Canada's Healthcare, 2007.
This paper compares the healthcare systems of the United States, which is privately funded, and Canada, which is funded by the federal government.
1,750 words (approx. 7.0 pages), 9 sources, APA, AU$ 82.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the healthcare systems of the United States and Canada were once both privately funded but now have an immense difference in the structure and cost of healthcare services. The author points out that the Canadian structure is available to all citizens whereas, in the U.S., accessibility is a major problem. The paper relates that the U.S. has more advanced technology as compared to Canada, which is a weakness of Canadian healthcare. The author stresses that healthcare services in the U.S. have been known to be superior because patients, who have access, can be seen immediately and surgical procedures need only a short wait; whereas, in Canada, many residents wait a long time for services, minor surgeries and regular checkups. The paper concludes that, overall, Canada has accomplished a balance between quality, cost efficiency and technology. The paper includes graphs.
From the Paper
"The high price of healthcare has been an ongoing crisis and has affected many Americans. Many Americans work at full-time jobs but still do not have access to health insurance because of the immense cost. Some companies offer to cover a percentage of healthcare insurance, but the employee still has to pay a large portion of out of pocket-expenses. Any citizen that owns their own business has no other choice but to pay full price for healthcare. The crisis of healthcare has had major effects on many American families. With no health coverage, one could only imagine the stress of the medical bills ..."
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