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The Impact of the Terrorist Attacks on New York City, 2002.
An in-depth analysis of the aftermath of the September 11 attacks, one year later.
9,340 words (approx. 37.4 pages), 32 sources, MLA, AU$ 280.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the effects on people's behaviors and on the economy in New York City one year after the September 11, 2001 attacks. It identifies the damage made on that tragic day by looking at various sectors related to the travel and tourism industry. It establishes which businesses, if any, have been completely ruined, consequently ruining the industry. It evaluates people's behavioral changes and whether they believe that day will have an impact on the rest of their life and finally examines how business loss and slowdown has affected the global economy.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Literature Review
Consumer Behavior and Risk
Terrorism and Consumerism in the Melting Pot
How has September 11 Impacted Americans
Economic Impact of terrorism
Outlook for the New York Economy
Rationale for Study
Methodology
Examination of the Effects on Business
Regaining Consumer Confidence
Sampling Procedures
Survey Construction
Chapter 4 ? Survey results
Chapter 5 ? Analysis
Chapter 6 - Conclusion
Chapter 7 ? Recommendations for Further Studies
Bibliography
Appendices
Appendix I - Survey of Consumer Patterns After The September 11
attacks on the World Trade Towers
Appendix II ? Survey Results presented Graphically
Appendix III ? Store Owner Interviews
From the Paper
"A team at Carnegie Mellon University conducted a study immediately following September 11 to assess the public reaction and to assess the role that the media played in this reaction (Thomas, 2002). The sample consisted of 1,000 American men, women, and teens aged 13-88. This was a groundbreaking study that assessed the role that the media played in influencing public opinion and support for the war. This study revealed four conclusions. They are that people who experience anger are more optimistic about the future than are those who experience fear. They are less likely to take precautionary actions and more likely to favor aggressive policy responses. Men were more likely to experience fear than women."
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The Port Cities of New York City & Dublin, 2001.
This paper compares two large urban port cities: Dublin and New York City.
2,410 words (approx. 9.6 pages), 4 sources, MLA, AU$ 107.95
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Abstract
This paper illustrates the issues of large urban port cities as seen in Dublin and New York City. The paper provides an in-depth history of each city and compares the social issues of the urban environment, ethnic diversity, poverty and crime.
From the Paper
"New York City is generally considered the doorway to America. It is the largest city in the nation, seven million strong, and a main hub of financial activity. This is probably the most racially and ethnically diverse of the large American cities, the epitome of the melting pot. A third of the population is of African descent, fifteen percent are Jewish, twelve percent Hispanic. Other ethnic populations have a vocal presence, including the Irish, Italian, Chinese, Korean, Indian, and other Asians. If one city has represent urban America over the last 200 years, it would be the harbor city of New York, New York.
" Across the Atlantic ocean lies another city, a little farther from the ocean, though not much. It is the ?fair city? of Dublin, that capitol of the Republic of Ireland. This is a fairly heterogeneous city, for it is the center of 4,000 year old struggle for cultural sanctity and independence. The vast majority of the citizens are Irish or British nationals, Christian and white. Most are Roman Catholic, and the largest ?minority? are the British Protestants. One fourth of the citizens of Ireland, approximately 900,000 souls all told, now live in Dublin and its suburbs, and its name is becoming synonymous with Irish culture and tradition."
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Risk of Another 9/11 in New York City, 2005.
Assesses the risk of another attack on America like that of the 9/11 attack on New York City.
1,810 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 5 sources, APA, AU$ 85.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at the possibility of another terrorist attack on New York City, such as the attack that occurred on 9/11 in tandem with the terrorist attacks on Washington, DC, or a different sort of attack perpetrated against the citizens of New York.
From the Paper
"Now that the definition of terrorism is established, one must also look at the ways in which law enforcement in New York City is dealing with the problem of terrorism since the 9/11 attacks. One of the ways that law enforcement has improved in its ability to protect the city from terrorists is through its improved abilities to identify terrorist suspects. Many of these suspects have been caught as a result of new law enforcement
technology that makes it easier for professionals to track down terrorists and capture them before they can do any harm. Law enforcement has come a long way since the days of crime scene investigation being based mostly on looking for clues and dusting for
fingerprints. Likewise, law enforcement has also made great strides in integrating suspect identification technology. Biomatrix identification, DNA evidence, and other new technologies have been very productive in identifying terrorists and bringing them to justice."
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The Homeless Problem in New York City, 2004.
This paper discusses that New York City is a city with a staggering homeless population, a problem that has persisted throughout the city?s history.
975 words (approx. 3.9 pages), 5 sources, MLA, AU$ 50.95
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Abstract
This paper reports that, in 2004, New York City set a record when the number of homeless New Yorkers residing in shelters reached the highest point in the city?s history. The author points out that 90 percent of homeless New Yorkers are black or Latino, even though only 53 percent of New York City?s total population is black or Latino; moreover, over 60 percent of homeless families previously lived in four of New York City?s poorest neighborhoods, and over half of the homeless mothers have a history of domestic violence. This paper concludes that it will take years of dedication and focus for New York City to ease the problem of homelessness by creating not only adequate permanent housing for the homeless, which actually will cost less than the present shelter and other emergency care programs, but also available services for those suffering from mental illness and substance abuse.
From the Paper
"According to the Coalition for the Homeless, in the month of August 2004, some 36,400 homeless men, women, and children were sleeping each night in the New York City shelter system, including 15,300 children, 12,700 adult family members, and 8,400 single adults, with many thousands more sleeping on city streets, park benches, and subway trains. New York City?s homeless shelter population has increased by 73 percent since 1998, from 21,000 to the current 36,400. The past six years has seen the number of homeless families sleeping in New York City shelters and welfare hotels increase by 99 percent, from 4,429 families in January 1998 to 8,726 families in August 2004. Moreover, the average stay for homeless families in the municipal shelter system has almost doubled over the past decade, from six months in 1992, to nearly twelve months today."
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New York City Mayor Rudy Giuliani, 2007.
This paper discusses the achievements of Rudy Giuliani as mayor of New York City, especially in the area of tourism.
3,305 words (approx. 13.2 pages), 9 sources, MLA, AU$ 137.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, when Giuliani became mayor, New York was a crime ridden, welfare city, an undesirable place to live and especially to visit; however, by the time, he finished his second term, New York City was a very different place. The author points out that, to build the tourism industry, Giuliani changed the bureaucratic New York City Travel and Visitors Bureau to the marketing organization, NYC & Company, which knew how to target an audience and highlight the city's most sellable asset; its unique diversity found nowhere else. The paper stresses that the way Mayor Giuliani responded to the World Trade Towers bombing not only proves that a city can recover from such an incident but also even the travel and tourism industry can come back bigger and better.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Biographical Sketch of Rudy Giuliani
Rudy Giuliani: Crime Fighter and Reformer
The Rebirth of New York City Travel and Tourism
The World Trade Tower Bombings and New York City's Rebound
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Giuliani focused on the private economy as a driver of opportunity. He urged New Yorkers to take responsibility for their lives and for their well-being. He felt that the state should provide basic services, but that is all. The opportunities for prosperity rest on the shoulders of the people, not the state, according to Giuliani. This attitude shifted responsibility to the private citizens. It helped to instill a sense of pride and self-determination. This was the key factor in the ability to turn around the ailing city."
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New York City and the 2012 Summer Olympics, 2002.
This paper is a persuasive essay about the benefits of the possibility of New York City being selected as the site for the 2012 Summer Olympics.
1,220 words (approx. 4.9 pages), 0 sources, AU$ 60.95
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Abstract
This paper argues that although there is no guarantee that New York City will be chosen to host the Olympics;the world community is very sympathetic to what happened to New York in 2001, and New York may well be chosen to host this event. The author believes that the positive energy, financial gains and overall improvements to the city will outweigh the negative effects on life in an already-congested city and the risk of another terrorist attack. The paper concludes that the most compelling reason for hosting the Summer 2012 Olympics in New York City may be its capacity to help heal a city that has suffered such a devastating blow as 9/11.
From the Paper
"While the Summer Olympics will only last three weeks, many permanent benefits will come to the city. The city?s public transportation system will be upgraded, made more attractive and possibly expanded. New York City has one of the most efficient public transportation systems in the world, but currently looks worn and tired. Trains and stations will be cleaned, and other cosmetic improvements such as better lighting will benefit New Yorkers long after the Olympics are over."
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Wastewater Treatment in New York City, 2008.
This paper describes wastewater treatment in New York City, which has one of the most extensive wastewater systems in the country.
1,440 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 4 sources, APA, AU$ 69.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the New York City water system delivers drinking water to more than 8 million city residents plus 1 million consumers in other counties and then returns the used water into the New York's extensive wastewater treatment system. The author points out that the Metropolitan Sewerage commission was created in 1904 after the discovery of the link between waterborne bacteria and human disease. The paper relates that one of the leading challenges and causes of wastewater collection system blockages is FOG---fats, oil and grease. The author relates that solutions counteracting FOG are large monetary penalties requiring the polluter to appear in court every time a fine is issued, helping businesses comply with regulations and installing grease interceptors. The paper includes a figure.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
History and Overview of New York City's Wastewater Treatment System
FOG: A Primary Challenge to New York City's Wastewater Treatment System Faces
Solutions to FOG
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Grease interceptors are used to prevent FOG materials from entering and clogging the sewer lines. All City business that dispose of grease, fats or oil should have a grease interceptor installed, including: restaurants, hospitals, day cares, senior centers, nursing homes, and other food handling operations. The interceptor works by separating the grease and oils from the wastewater. FOG laden wastewater enters the interceptor and passes through a vented flow control fitting that regulates the flow of the wastewater."
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The American Red Cross and the September 11th Terrorist Attacks, 2002.
This paper shows how the American Red Cross was successful in dealing with the September 11th terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon.
2,018 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 7 sources, MLA, AU$ 92.95
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Abstract
Since the terrorist attacks on America, the activities of the American Red Cross have expanded extensively. This paper discusses how the voluntary organization had in the past proven to be an efficient disaster relief organization; however, the writer asserts that never have their skills being so essential and tested since the events of September 11th, particularly in New York City. The paper then looks at the activities of the Red Cross in its advocacy of those in danger of negative backlash, notably Arabs and Muslims.
From the Paper
"The ?International Red Cross? which has branches in over 175 countries of the world, works to provide extensive refugee relief activities to the victims of drought, war and ethnic conflicts all over the world. It was through the commitment of Clara Barton who organized the ?American Red Cross? with its headquarters in Washington, which received the support of millions of Americans who donated their time, talent, and financial resources to this voluntary organization. And since 1943, the month of March has been considered to be ?Red Cross Month? to recognize the lifesaving efforts of the organization."
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New York City Politics, 2002.
An analysis of the division of political power in New York City since World War II.
2,528 words (approx. 10.1 pages), 12 sources, MLA, AU$ 111.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the modern history of New York City politics, from the late 1940's until today. The post-war demographics are discussed, including an overview of the emergence of the Jewish population and its influence in the city's political life. The paper provides a look at the various different mayors of the city over the decades. The paper emphasizes the extensive multicultural population of New York City and the importance of the political leaders to acknowledge this.
Table of Contents
Introduction
The Late 1940?s and 1950?s and Wagner
The 1960?s and Lindsay
The 1970?s and Financial Crisis
The 1980?s and Koch
The 1990?s to 2001 and Guiliani
Conclusion
Works Cited
From the Paper
"Following World War II, the Tammany Hall political machine began to lose the nearly overwhelming power that it had once enjoyed. The emergence of Jewish and Italian populations challenged the old Irish dominance. Changes in the loyalties of Jewish and Irish voters brought new political figures to the forefront. Political parties such as the Liberal Party (primarily Jewish) began to exercise influence in elections."
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Colombian Immigrants in New York City, 2002.
This paper is an account of the journey undertaken by Colombians who came to New York City, a place with a foreign language and culture.
1,179 words (approx. 4.7 pages), 13 sources, MLA, AU$ 59.95
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Abstract
The writer examines the causes underlying Colombian immigration to New York City. The paper the explores the experience of Colombians upon arrival in this foreign land. The writer looks at the various obstacles that immigrants faced in New York. Finally, the paper illuminates the contribution of Colombian immigrants to the multi-faceted character of New York City.
From the Paper
"The primary period of Colombian immigration to New York City can be deduced from official statistics. According to the U.S. Census, the peak period of South American immigration to the U.S. occurred from 1971 to 1980 (Kraly, 1987, p. 43). In this new wave of immigrants, Colombians constituted half of the immigrants coming from South America. Within that period, 25,800 Colombian immigrants immigrated to the region of New York City and New Jersey (Kraly, 1987, pp. 57-9)."
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New York City Arboretum, 2008.
This paper presents recommendations to increase revenues of the New York City Arboretum.
1,115 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 3 sources, APA, AU$ 56.95
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Abstract
The paper proposes solutions that will generate revenue and expand operations at the New York City Arboretum. The paper discusses donation fees for admission and parking, fees for the tram transportation service, attracting more visitors by employing additional scientists and staff and aggressive advertising. The paper relates that the Arboretum has to change its scope and mission by expanding botanical research and providing sufficient up-to-date research for college students.
Outline:
Alternative Solutions
Pros and Cons of the Alternative Solution
Overall Recommendations for the New York City Arboretum
From the Paper
"The New York Arboretum was founded in the mid 1800s and situated across a 250-acre strip of land. The Arboretum was "founded by two French Huguenot brothers named Lorillard" (Soderstrom, 2001, p. 87), it displays botanical and educational research and has the largest botanical library in North America. In the upcoming years, the Arboretum delved into some key issues that needed to be changed in order to keep up its operations. The Arboretum needed to generate additional revenue, find greater initiatives to attract more visitors and employees and change its scope and mission."
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New York City Ballet, 2006.
Examines the history of ballet and New York City dance company, BalletNY, in particular.
1,900 words (approx. 7.6 pages), 11 sources, APA, AU$ 88.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the history of ballet from 15th century Italy until present day. It then looks at the history of BalletNY, formerly DanceGalaxy and founded in 1997 by former New York City Ballet Principal Ballerina Judith Fugate and international guest artist, Medhi Bahiri.
Paper Outline:
Introduction
Humble Beginnings
The Emergence of Ballet
Opera Ballet
Liberation Ballerina
Social Change
A Decline In Interest
The New York City Ballet and BalletNY: Full Circle
Bibliography
From the Paper
"Judith Fugate is a former principal ballerina with the New York City Ballet. She has danced roles in virtually every ballet in the NYCB repertoire counting Peter Martins and Mikhail Baryshnikov among her many famous partners. In 1997, she left the New York City Ballet Company to purse a career as a freelance Guest Artist and Co-Artistic Director of what is now known as BalletNY. In addition to touring extensively, Fugate has appeared on "Live from Lincoln Center" with Ray Charles in Peter Martin's "A Fool for You", and in the Metropolitan Opera's production of "La Traviata", conducted by Placido Domingo."
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Homelessness in New York City, 2008.
A research study on the issue of homelessness in New York City.
1,720 words (approx. 6.9 pages), 8 sources, MLA, AU$ 80.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the issue of homelessness, in general, and in New York City in particular. The study was undertaken with the intention of illustrating some of the primary causes of homelessness in New York City, so that specific strategies to alliviate the problem itself and issues associated with it, such as crime, can be mitigated. A literature review of research into the subject is also included.
Outline:
Research Problem
Rationale for Study
Study benefits
Literature Review
From the Paper
"Homelessness has been described as a chronic illness affecting all societies regardless of the degree of economic development and overall wealth of the nation. It is pandemic and epidemic in some societies. Some researchers have attributed the cause of homelessness to a series of factors that work to create homelessness from three dimensions: 1) structural or the broader societal problems that may contribute to homelessness such as high unemployment, inflation, or tight housing markets, 2) individual problems that might lead an individual to become homeless such as mental illness, substance abuse, or some type of disability, and 3) governmental policies that may contribute or actually facilitate homelessness through short-sighted un insensitive planning such as a failure to provide emergency relief funds or some other type of social safety net (Burt pars.2-3). Simply being knowledgeable of these causal factors greatly assists both the broader political apparatus as well as governments at the community level to effectively plan and mitigate homelessness to varying degrees. Therefore, this study attempts to assess the specific character of homelessness in a single market, New York City, in order to better define solutions to solve the problems that lead to homelessness specific to New York City."
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New York City's Firefighting History, 2002.
A history of firefighting in New York City starting from 1648 until today.
1,625 words (approx. 6.5 pages), 3 sources, MLA, AU$ 76.95
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Abstract
The paper records the establishment of the first firefighting unit in New Amsterdam consisting of four men and their buckets and explains their roles and duties. It explains the expansion of this group to include night watchmen called Prowlers. The paper describes the first two fire engines that the city employed and the establishment of the volunteer ?Fire Department of the City of New York". The paper details how the department continued to expand and progress and how additional firefighting systems and tools were implemented over time in order to serve and protect the residents of New York City. The paper concludes with a description of the role played by firefighters when terrorists destroyed the Twin Towers on September 11.
From the Paper
"In order to combat the major problem of ?rowdyism? at fire scenes, and to prevent persons who were not firemen from entering the fire lines, in 1855 the Common Council designed a badge to be conspicuously displayed by every fireman while on duty. The firemen were then required by law to wear their badges. Each badge was made of metal and bore a number to be kept in the fire department?s records as a means of identifying owner (Journal)."
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Twentieth Century Urban Imagery of New York City, 2003.
A discussion of whether the imagery that artists in the twentieth century used to portray New York City was manipulated by the artists or were more documentary in nature.
795 words (approx. 3.2 pages), 3 sources, APA, AU$ 41.95
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Abstract
As America developed in the nineteenth century, large cities sprang up across the nation. In particular, by the twentieth century with the help of an influx of immigration, New York City had become a bustling city with well over one million people. Opinions on the quality of city life were mixed, especially among artists. This paper refutes the arguments put forth by cultural historian, Alan Trachtenberg, in his book "Reading American Art", that artists, specifically photographers like Alfred Stieglitz, manipulated their art to convey their individual feelings toward the big city. The paper argues that Trachtenberg unfairly groups all artists that presented urban imagery into the same category. The photography Trachtenberg refers to differs substantially from other photographers and painters that portrayed city life. The paper includes several reproductions of photographs and paintings.
From the Paper
"However, most often, the Ashcan artists focused on the city as a collection of individual ?microneighborhoods?4 rather than a larger entity. This differs again from Trachtenberg?s assertion that the city is most often depicted as picturesque. Again, by inserting people into the picture, the picturesque nature is lost. In comparing Sloan?s A Woman?s Work to Hine?s Playground in a Tenement Alley there are parallels that can be drawn. Both show low class tenements with their laundry hanging out to dry over an alley. Sloan?s painting portrays the house work that women must do and suggests that the woman is the one who keeps the house in order. Hine?s photo proposes that while the children live in a run down rookery tenement, they are quite satisfied playing baseball."
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The 9/11 Terrorist Attacks, 2004.
An analysis of the 9/11 terrorist attacks and what they have taught America.
1,948 words (approx. 7.8 pages), 6 sources, MLA, AU$ 91.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses and analyzes the topic of terrorism. Specifically, it examines the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks (9/11) that destroyed the World Trade Center and caused thousands of deaths. The paper attempts to determine what we have learned from the attacks and what has been done since 9/11 to prevent future attacks.
From the Paper
"Few Americans will dispute that the nation, and even the world, has changed since the terrorist attacks of 9/11. Two researchers into terrorism wrote, "Since September 11, America has been on a war footing, with armed soldiers standing guard at our nation's airports, enhanced security at nuclear power plants and other vulnerable locations, and military jets flying combat air patrols in order to intercept and shoot down hijacked commercial aircraft" (Klinger & Grossman, 2002). Before the terrorist attacks many Americans felt that something as devastating as the 9/11 attacks could never occur here. They were wrong, and the attacks proved the country is indeed vulnerable and open to attack from afar. The country learned the hard way that there is much more that can be done to prevent terrorist attacks, and that sometimes personal freedom has to come second to national security. As the aftermath of the attacks overtook the country, American learned that many industries, such as the airline industry, were also vulnerable to lost business because of the attacks, and thousands of people lost their jobs as industries cut back to cut costs."
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