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ICT & Teaching Foreign Languages, 2006.
A look at how information computer technologies could be used to improve the teaching and learning processess in foreign language classes.
7,042 words (approx. 28.2 pages), 23 sources, MLA, AU$ 230.95
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Abstract
This paper takes an in-depth look at the use of information computer technologies (ICT) as a tool for teaching foreign languages, focusing specifically on English and Arabic. The purpose of this study is to determine how ICT resources are currently being used in secondary classrooms in the United Kingdom and Egypt to determine how these can be better used for language education applications. The study proposes to accomplish this goal through a critical review of the relevant and scholarly literature, together with a statistical analysis of grade point averages before and after ICT initiatives were used, as well as a qualitative and quantitative survey of the secondary students in three secondary schools each located in Egypt and the UK.
Table of Contents
Abstract
Chapter 1: Introduction
Statement of the Problem
Purpose of Study
Importance of Study
Research Questions
Scope of Study
Rationale of Study
Overview of Study
Definition of Terms
Chapter 2: Review of Related Literature
Chapter 3: Methodology
Description of the Study Approach
Data-Gathering Method and Database of Study
Population
From the Paper
"Information and communications technologies have changed the way people all over the world go about learning and earning their livings in many ways, and these same innovations have also provided new opportunities for communicating and participating in a country's social and civic life (Lonergan, 2000). In this regard, Eamon (2004) points to the numerous examples of daily newspapers, research, and government and private information on a variety of important social and civic topics being increasingly available in online formats and the computer and Internet technologies that provide a variety of communication methods such as electronic-mail, instant messages, listserves, and chatrooms. Clearly, a lack of access to such ICT resources places young learners in any setting at an educational and social disadvantage compared to those who do have such access, but simply providing access to ICT-based resources is not sufficient, but rather requires a broad-based approach that recognizes the unique needs and capabilities of a given set of students (Eamon, 2004). "
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Teaching Foreign Languages, 2005.
Examines the teaching of foreign languages in different formats.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 4 sources, AU$ 51.95
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Abstract
The foreign language requirement has long been a component of formal education. The paper shows that several different methods exist for teaching foreign languages, including submersion and various levels of immersion teaching. In addition, foreign language teaching can be either language-driven or content-driven. This paper compares and contrasts the different methods of teaching foreign languages through immersion and submersion.
From the Paper
"The language programs of the United States are based on Canadian French-language programs developed in the 1960's (Fortune and Tedick par. 3). Immersion, when used in teaching foreign languages, is the process of teaching the student using the language being taught for all or most of the school day."
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Teaching Foreign Language to Infants, 2007.
An analysis of the benefits of teaching foreign languages to young children.
2,634 words (approx. 10.5 pages), 8 sources, MLA, AU$ 115.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the benefits of teaching infants a foreign language. It begins by discussing the prevalence of bi or tri-lingualism in the world. It then discusses if it is beneficial to know a foreign language. The paper goes on to discuss the advantages of specifically learning the foreign language while still young, particularly focusing on the cognitive effects on the brain.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Knowing a Foreign Language
Advantages Knowing a Foreign Language
Learning a Foreign Language While Young
Cognitive Effects to the Brain
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Teaching an infant with a foreign language may be a hard task. This entails perseverance and strong commitment from the teacher (or the parent). This will also require full understanding, not only of the language itself, but also of the needs of the infant. But this task is beneficial and will prove to be very useful as the infant grown old.
However, it should be noted that the success of teaching an infant to learn a foreign language lies on the hand of the educators. To them lies the secret of successfully teaching the child of their second language. If they know how to treat and teach a child (of barely less that 5 years of age, or even less), then it will not be a difficult task for the child to adopt very well on the said foreign language. It somehow goes like this... an educator, or the parents for that matter, initially teaches the child with the second language... and then the child will do the rest."
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Teaching English as a Foreign Language, 2005.
An in-depth research paper examining the difficulties and challenges of teaching English as a second language.
19,400 words (approx. 77.6 pages), 30 sources, MLA, AU$ 363.95
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Abstract
This paper describes the many difficulties associated with teaching English as a second language and argues that the most successful approach to teaching English to non-English speaking students, given these difficulties, is a one-on-one approach between the instructor and the student and computer supplementation.
Outline
Introduction: The nature of the ESL Problem
Methodology
One-on-One Language Instruction
Motivation
Use of Computers and the Internet to Teach English as a Foreign
Language
Case Study
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Globalization is bound to increase the already large numbers of students for whom English is a second language, whether those students are migrating within the European Union to Great Britain or Ireland, or to the United States. In the United States, arguably, much of the growth in number of students learning English as a second language is due to NAFTA and other migration within the two American continents. In the European Union, much immigration is likely to be from the eastern nations, as well as from the historic sources of migration into Great Britain, Asia and India."
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Teaching English as Foreign Language, 1993.
Examines behavioral & humanistic approaches & critiques methods (Silent Way, Suggestopedia, Natural Language, Community Language Learning).
2,700 words (approx. 10.8 pages), 13 sources, AU$ 139.95
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From the Paper
"LEARNING PREMISES OF BASIC APPROACHES AND OF SOME METHODS USED IN
TEACHING ENGLISH AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE
"Language teaching is a field where fads and heroes have come and gone in a manner fairly consistent with the kinds of changes that occur in youth culture" (Celce-Murcia, 1991, p. 3). Yet, to try and understand the processes of language learning and language teaching, learning and acquisition methodologies-however eclectic--need theoretical underpinnings. Today, many linguists--whether concerned with theoretical or applied research--tend to categorize teaching/learning approaches into the behavioral approach and the humanistic approach.
Behaviorism (Pavlov-the-Precursor, Watson-the-Originator, Skinner-the-Popularizer, Bloomfield, and others) considers behavior as the product of heredity and environment, and, more.."
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Foreign Language Teaching Methods, 2007.
This paper examines methods of teaching Slavic at the college introductory level.
2,628 words (approx. 10.5 pages), 5 sources, MLA, AU$ 115.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how integrating different language teaching methods will have the benefit of catering to a wide variety of student needs; something that a single approach will probably not accomplish. The paper explores the methods of teaching the Slavic language to students where the proficiency level is basically non-existent. The paper selects nine different language teaching methods and determines which are most appropriate for such a language teaching course and also how they can be integrated to achieve optimal results. The paper's information for all the teaching approaches is derived from Dr. Jill Kerper Mora.
Outline:
Total Physical Response
The Grammar Translation Method
The Audio Lingual Method
The Communicative Approach
The Functional Notional Method
The Direct Approach
The Reading Approach
The Silent Way
The Community Language Learning Method
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Globalization and the concept of the "global village", has brought about interesting developments in language teaching. It is currently recognized, for example, that contact with one or more natives from foreign countries during an average lifetime is more likely than not. Furthermore, the information age entails that knowledge from across the globe is integrated in the academic world. This implies that not all academic texts will be in English, and that some foreign language skills are necessary to access texts in certain fields. Finally, businesses generally offer expanded opportunities to those who are willing to relocate to foreign countries. The success of such ventures often depends upon an ability to communicate with the target country's native population. The question is therefore not so much whether foreign languages in a curriculum are important, but rather how they should be taught."
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TESOL Teaching Material, 2005.
An analysis of two sets of teaching materials for a Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages (TESOL) course.
6,306 words (approx. 25.2 pages), 8 sources, MLA, AU$ 214.95
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Abstract
This paper sets out to analyse two sets of exercises in teaching various aspects of English language, from grammar, to vocabulary, to communication. The two texts are "Studying Strategies Students' Book" by B Abbs and I Freebairn and "Cutting Edge Pre-Intermediate" by S Cunningham and P Moor. It looks at how each book approaches the teaching of these areas in different manners, one following a more audio-lingual based method of teaching, and the other focusing more on tasks and communication.
From the Paper
"Looking first at the extract from Studying Strategies, which includes such Audio-linguist teaching tools as drills role-plays, it is apparent that this is a method in which Kuwaiti students would feel comfortable as a result of the entirety of their education being based on rote learning. They would feel comfortable with the tight structure and teacher-led instruction that extract A offers, as the only demands made of them would be to learn and repeat. In general, Kuwaitis are excellent at mimicking languages, thus making them quite proficient in oral work, the area of language learning that they feel most comfortable. In fact, the majority of Kuwaiti students are able to hold a conversation in English quite easily, and yet their accuracy levels fall below par in comparison."
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Teaching 'The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn', 2007.
This paper discusses teaching methods and looks at the teaching of 'The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn' by Mark Twain.
3,297 words (approx. 13.2 pages), 10 sources, MLA, AU$ 137.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer maintains that 'The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn' by Mark Twain stands apart from other great literature, making it a prime text for students from junior high to adulthood. The writer points out that the text forces discussion on many levels and teaching it requires in-depth looks at history, satire, humor and realism in literature. Additionally, the writer discusses that preparation for the subject requires at least some discussion of race, as it cannot be avoided when teaching 'Huckleberry Finn'. The writer notes that those who have worked with the text offer many theoretical and methodological frameworks to assist teachers in the classroom.
Outline:
Historical Perspective
Humor and Satire
Realism
Conclusion
Works Cited
From the Paper
"Fishkin argues that Huckleberry Finn remains difficult to read and teach despite its prevalence as a classic literature text in schools. This in no way means that the text is too difficult to teach or that it is not worth teaching. Rather, it is a challenge for teachers to address Huckleberry Finn in a methodical manner, incorporating tested classroom tools to explain the key elements of the text. Since satire and realism are the two prime teaching objectives of teachers who have chosen Huckleberry Finn, it is important to understand how other factors contribute to that understanding. By giving students a working knowledge of Twain's life and a historical perspective on the book's setting they will better be able to grasp the more challenging concepts surrounding satire and realism. Finally, the discussion of race must also be addressed in the discussion of Huckleberry Finn; not only does Twain's use of race in the story serve as a literary device on many occasions, but it also becomes an incredible distraction for students if it is not properly talked about before reading the book."
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William Rawlins?s ?Teaching as a Mode of Friendship?, 2004.
Discussion of William Rawlins's essay on teaching, entitled "Teaching as a Mode of Friendship".
1,267 words (approx. 5.1 pages), 1 source, MLA, AU$ 62.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews and analyzes William Rawlins's essay on teaching. The paper highlights Rawlins's theme and argues that, while his essay definitely reflects an interpretive approach to theorizing, there are also obvious flaws in his approach, which make "Teaching as a Mode of Friendship" subject to criticism from critical theorists. The paper then attempts to analyze Rawlins's essay from a post-positivist point of view and tells why this point of view does and does not work.
From the Paper
"There are almost no ways in which William Rawlins? ?Teaching as a Mode of Friendship,? does not reflect an interpretive approach to theorizing. From the outset, when Rawlins writes that ?Few things make me feel better than teaching well, and few things make me feel worse than teaching poorly,? to the last page, when he writes, ?Cultivating and sustaining the mutual trust necessary for educational friendship in the face of such historical baits and switches is a delicate, comprehensive, and ongoing challenge,? it is clear that his thoughts are the stage on which he plays out his life, all of it. Throughout the essay, Rawlins? self-referential ?investigation? of the subject of teaching as a mode of friendship can be nothing else but interpretive. Indeed, the title alone?the thought in the title alone?suggests that this is going to be an approach to the subject that is very personal, very much a vision in his own mind."
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Co-teaching, 2008.
This paper discusses the concept of "co-teaching", where more than one certified teacher provides instruction to a class.
1,902 words (approx. 7.6 pages), 3 sources, APA, AU$ 88.95
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Abstract
The paper explains the benefits of co-teaching and focuses on several different approaches of co-teaching that include one teach, one support, station teaching, parallel teaching, alternative teaching and team teaching. The paper points out that collaboration and interpersonal communication are paramount with co-teaching. The paper concludes by emphasizing the benefits co-teaching offers for students who graduate into a world that is very fast-paced and multitasked oriented.
From the Paper
"The term "co-teaching" is defined as the use of more than one certified teacher to a class of students, with both educators providing instruction in some form. Co-teaching offers a number of benefits including the opportunity for more individualized attention and intervention for students.This is particularly important with second-language difficulties, special educational needs or for students who may be having a problem with a particular topic. Co-teaching also enhances the structure and management of the classroom, since a teacher does not have to delay the progress of the whole class due to needs of a few others who require special help."
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Language Teaching, 2007.
This paper looks at narrative text comprehension difficulties in younger English as a foreign language (EFL) readers.
1,742 words (approx. 7.0 pages), 8 sources, APA, AU$ 82.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that English Learners (ELs) are of particular concern for educators in recent years. The writer points out that though many problems exist in teaching children for whom English is a second language, reading comprehension is one of the greatest issues. The writer discusses that children who cannot understand and make deductions based on hearing or reading narrative texts have problems with comprehension in all other areas. The writer maintains that focusing on narrative text comprehension in younger ELs is therefore necessary in combating the overall problems associated with teaching English as a Foreign Language (EFL) to young learners. The writer concludes that while the focus would obviously be to achieve fluency in young ELs, all students in a vocabulary intensive classroom with thoughtfully chosen reading narratives will benefit from greater comprehension, better cohesion as a class, and a more positive outlook on learning.
From the Paper
"Richards, Leafstedt, and Gerber found that k-1 EFL students have poor phonological skills, rapid-naming abilities, invented spelling, and phonological spelling, leading teachers to refer many ELs to special education. However, only 2-5% of children have learning disabilities - a much lower number than those who are referred. Administrators must identify ELs who are not learning disabled and provide intensive reading and comprehension instruction. Intensive programs for younger ELs would likely include narrative texts since they are common for use at that age level. Slavinn and Cheung also recommend that administrators provide ample classroom support and training for EFL teachers."
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Teaching English Grammar, 2000.
An examination of the difficulties and strategies involved in teaching English grammar, looking at various teaching theories.
2,000 words (approx. 8.0 pages), 6 sources, AU$ 92.95
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Abstract
An examination of the difficulties and strategies involved in teaching English grammar, especially to grade-school and high-school students. The paper emphasizes the different teaching theories of people such as Theodore Hipple, Arno Jewett, and Alan Puves.
From the Paper
"Modern grammar usage is ever changing as new methods once thought incorrect are now becoming acceptable. One way in which future English teachers can help students to see, understand, and learn from their mistakes is through grammar portfolios. Generally, a student may have many grammatical errors in a first draft of a piece of writing. If a student is able to see incorrect and corrected mistakes, he or she is more likely to improve his or her future pieces of writing more efficiently."
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The Collaborative Teaching Method, 2006.
This paper analyzes the positive and negative aspects of the collaborative teaching method while also discussing its effectiveness in the classroom.
3,440 words (approx. 13.8 pages), 31 sources, MLA, AU$ 142.95
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Abstract
This well-researched paper defines the collaborative teaching method as an approach which is geared towards all students at various levels and abilities with the main goal being the optimum maintenance of a heterogeneous classroom. This paper details the background to this particular teaching concept which is an all inclusive methodology and philosophy intended to provide a consistent education potential for all students. This paper discusses the appeal of collaborative teaching while also detailing the common characteristics of this particular method including the atypical relationship that is formed between the teacher and the student. The writer contends and explains that one of the main advantages to this particular teaching style is the flexibility and openness that this method offers. This paper also examines the published reports which claims that not enough research has been done on the issue of inclusive and collaborative learning to definitively determine its effectiveness.
Table of Contents:
Introduction: Universal Design
Definition: Inclusive Classrooms and Teaching
Collaborative Teaching Definition
Legal Aspects
Collaborative and Inclusive Aspects of a Universal Design Environment
Conclusion: Advantages and Disadvantages
Bibliography
From the Paper
"An important aspect of the collaborative classroom is the sharing of authority - which is an aspect which also has raised concern among many educators. The theory is that, while previously the teacher would set all tasks and work assignments, in a collaborative or inclusive teaching environment the students are invited to participate. They can for example, "... set specific goals within the framework of what is being taught, provide options for activities and assignments that capture different student interests and goals, and encourage students to assess what they learn." The teacher would then guide the student, and suggest areas for further research and learning. The teacher is therefore seen more in the role of mediator and facilitator than a traditional authoritarian figure. This approach has a number of decided educational advantages. For example, mediation from teachers in this environment assists the strident to connect to the new information provided through his or her personal experiences - making the learning process more relevant."
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The Apostle Paul on Teaching Badly, 2002.
An analysis of the Apostle Paul's teachings on on how not to teach wrongly.
1,400 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 5 sources, AU$ 77.95
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Abstract
This paper will discuss the teachings of the Apostle Paul on how not to teach wrongly in spiritual matters. The scriptures will be used to explain how and why he taught this way. An analysis will be given on what he preached and why.
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Communicative Language Teaching, 2005.
This paper is a literature review of communicative language teaching (CLT).
2,785 words (approx. 11.1 pages), 10 sources, APA, AU$ 121.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that communicative competence is made up of four competence areas: Linguistic, which is knowing how to use the language's grammar, syntax and vocabulary; sociolinguistic, knowing how to use and respond to language appropriately; discourse, knowing how to interpret the larger context and to construct a coherent whole and strategic, knowing how to recognize and repair communication breakdowns by working around gaps in one's knowledge of the language. The author points out that communicative language teaching (CLT) began because educators and linguists were dissatisfied with the audiolingual and grammar-translation methods of foreign language instruction. The paper stresses that communicative language teaching places great emphasis on helping students use the target language in a variety of contexts and places great emphasis on learning language functions.
Table of Contents
Communicative Competence
Communicative Language Teaching (CLT)
Principles and Characteristics of CLT
Communicative Activities
Teacher's Roles in Communicative Language Teaching
Implementation of CLT in ESL and EFL Countries
From the Paper
"Other research studies focus on the difficulty attributed to the English as a first language environment. In 1996, studies by Stapleton pointed out how Confucianism as a belief system appears to be in tension with underlying notions of communicative language teaching. In these studies, Stapeton examined the theory that Confucianism establishes the superior status and knowledge of the teacher over that of the students, thus elevating the role of the teacher above the students. In 1998, Li studied teaching and learning in China, concluding that local conditions seem to be detrimental to communicative language teaching methodology."
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Co-Teaching, 2002.
What co-teaching is and how it is beneficial to students and teachers.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 4 sources, AU$ 51.95
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Abstract
A paper on the topic of co-teaching which describes what co-teaching is. The paper shows how co-teaching is a great help to all students--both regular education students and special education student. It also aids the teaching professionals involved well.
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