| Papers [1-16] of 100 :: [Page 1 of 7] | | Go to page : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 —> | Search results on "HUMANS CULTURE BIOLOGY": |
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For Humans, Culture is Biology, 2001.
This paper discusses the evolution of the human brain and how intelligence and culture are determined by biological factors.
1,320 words (approx. 5.3 pages), 10 sources, AU$ 64.95
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Abstract
This paper examines human culture and how intelligence is determined by biological factors. The author discusses the origins of the human brain, and how it evolved into a tool of intelligence more than two million years ago, and how societal cultures are learned and shared.
From the Paper
"According to Wolpoff, ?while a human culture cannot be linked to a particular biology, or vice versa, for humans culture is biology.? Wolpoff, 1999, p.164. This statement means that development of a culture is dependent on biologically determined factors. The most important reason for the development of culture is adaptation for survival under changing environment, which in turn requires, on the one hand, natural selection, and on the other making choices, rather than merely acting on instinct. Intelligence, needed for the purpose of making choices has been the product of biological factors. It should be noted that even though some animals such as wild dogs also live in societies, only humans have developed culture. Culture developed side by side with the evolution of certain physical features in the human species, Homo sapiens that made intelligence possible."
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Cultural Evolution vs. Biological Evolution, 2008.
A comparison and contrast over cultural evolution with biological evolution.
1,583 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 3 sources, MLA, AU$ 75.95
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Abstract
This paper explains the concept of cultural evolution and compares and contrasts cultural evolution with biological evolution. The paper discusses the effect of the historical or cultural environment on the development of cultural evolution and looks at the study of cultural anthropology and the various opinions that exist on the ability for evolution of culture to occur at all.
From the Paper
"The social sciences must take into consideration cultural perceptions, even if these perceptions are biologically in error. The human race has far more in common with one another than it has differences, but culturally individuals have perceived and classified other individuals according to 'races,' including Darwin himself in some of his less enlightened moments. Cultural evolution and anthropology aims to understand how these perceptions have affected human culture, but biological evolution merely takes note of this factual error. Obviously, the biological fiction of race, and the fact that an apparently Caucasian individual can have the genetic material of someone who is African, even if these traits are not dominant in his or her physical configuration, acts as a profound question to the assumptions of our culture. The limits of our own culture challenge the idea that there is a linear, positive progress to cultural evolution of ideas and practices (such as industrialization making the world less habitable). The insight biological evolution provides about race shows that there can be fruitful methodological dialogue between cultural and biological evolutionists, but the two approaches will never study the same discipline, nor can the use the same methods. The biological question: 'Are there races within the human species' is a different question than the cultural query: 'why do cultures continue to subscribe to the divisive idea that there are innate differences between different groups of the human species?""
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Culture in Animals and Humans, 2004.
A sociological analysis of different definitions of culture and the functions it performs in society.
1,861 words (approx. 7.4 pages), 13 sources, MLA, AU$ 86.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how culture has numerous definitions including beliefs and customs as well as the development of organisms and invesigates different theories such as those of Marx and modernism. It looks at how culture determines peoples' behaviour and interactions and how compared to humans, animals are much less complex. It shows how culture, once defined, can help us to understand the differences between human and animal societies, seen from the perspective of long-term biological evolution.
From the Paper
"The Oxford Popular Dictionary (Oxford, 1995) defines culture as a ?developed understanding of literature, art, music, etc?. However, sociologists study culture in various different terms and also as Raymond Williams argues in Think Sociology, (1998: 111) culture has ?a range and overlap of meanings? and therefore difficult to define. Sociologists look at theories in order to make sense of culture such as, Marxism and modernism which will be discussed below."
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Research Involving Humans, 2006.
A discussion and analysis of the claims made about research involving humans in the article "Reframing Research Involving Humans" by Francois Baylis, Jocelyn Downie, and Susan Sherwin.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 1 source, AU$ 64.95
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Abstract
Francois Baylis, Jocelyn Downie and Susan Sherwin in "Reframing Research Involving Humans" depict their intervention as members of the 'Network on Feminist Health Care Ethics' into the development of ethical guidelines on research involving humans in the 1990s. They argue that to prevent exploitation clinical studies involving women or other oppressed groups should first be required to demonstrate that the results produced will be of specific benefit to the individuals or to the group in question. This essay critically examines this claim with particular reference to issues of exclusion and exploitation.
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Pheromones in Humans: The Sixth Sense, 2002.
An explanation and examination of the concept of pheromones in humans.
2,441 words (approx. 9.8 pages), 16 sources, APA, AU$ 108.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the biological aspects of pheromones in humans. Pheromones are chemicals that drive reproductive behavior in many species. Research in recent decades has shown that human beings are no exception.
Introduction to Pheromones
The History of Human Pheromone Research: Specific Studies
The Biology Behind Pheromones in Humans
The Future of Pheromones
References
From the Paper
"Pheromone research has been done across several species. Pheromones are chemicals that drive reproduction behavior within many species. Research in recent decades has shown that human beings are no exception. Pheromones are social-environmental chemical stimuli that are produced by one individual and detected by another individual of the same species (Kohl, 1996). In most circumstances, this pheromone communication leads to physiological and behavioral changes, affecting both individuals involved. Pheromones elicit their influence on an animal whether or not an animal is conscious of its involvement, and likewise, may not be aware if they are compelled to respond."
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Careers in Biology, 2004.
A look at the advantages of obtaining a degree in biology.
943 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 4 sources, MLA, AU$ 48.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how training in biology provides biology majors with a wide variety of potential career options and how the choice of potential careers is wide, even within a specific area of biology. It looks at how the choice of potential employers is wide and includes federal and government agencies, as well as agriculture and pharmaceuticals and other private and public industries. It also discusses how the amount of education required depends largely upon a specific career choice. Choosing a career in biology is about matching a wide number of factors, including personal ethics, salary, and personal interests.
From the Paper
"Biologists often face a number of ethical concerns that may drive their career choices (Winter and Belikoff). The use of animals in medical research is an ethical problem for many would-be scientists, as are ethically charged issues like human cloning and stem cell research. Biology careers focusing on wildlife conservation and related areas face many environmental issues. Careers in the pharmaceutical industry often bring up ethical issues surrounding drug cost and availability. For example, drug companies have been criticized for not making expensive AIDs treatments available to individuals in Africa for little or no cost."
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American Political Culture After September 11, 2001, 2002.
Discusses the impact the September 11 terrorist attacks on the U.S. had on American political culture.
816 words (approx. 3.3 pages), 6 sources, MLA, AU$ 43.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at the American political culture after the terrorist attacks of September 11 and the effect those attacks had on the tolerance in American political culture. It contends that, as a result, of the attacks, American political culture is more accepting of authoritarian views. This paper also looks at how the war on terrorism and the related struggle against the spread of nuclear, chemical and biological weapons have become the central elements of a new US foreign policy since September 11.
From the Paper
"September 11, had a polarizing effect on tolerance in political culture .In fact the tragedy made American political culture more accepting of authoritarian views .The terrorist attacks on the U. S. of Sept. 11, 2001, jolted Americans with the realization that young men filled with hatred of the U. S. could, with limited training and guidance, become focused instruments of mass terror, willing and able to kill thousands of Americans."
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African-American Culture, 2008.
A descriptive perception of African-American culture and its relationship to American society.
1,624 words (approx. 6.5 pages), 7 sources, APA, AU$ 76.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses African-American culture and states that race is about a social construct rather than being biological, since society has a different set of rules for each racial group. Furthermore, the paper states that there is no alternative conceptualization of race that it would advocate, because it is a social construct. This is due to the fact that society has defined what is expected of each racial group, a factor that has nothing to do with biological aspects of being white or black . The paper concludes that despite the struggles, African Americans have contributed to the foundations of American events through culture and music.
Outline:
Introduction
Civil Rights
Music
Conclusion
From the Paper
"African Americans are settled in the United States, however some do not receive the same education and treatment as white students due to the fact that they are viewed as a minority race Furthermore, because of their lack culture acknowledgement from teachers, sometimes African American students require educational intervention, which is actually lacking knowledge in their culture even though they have settled in the United States for hundreds of years. "The bar graphs below illustrate the divergent fortunes of America's minorities in terms of living in the best neighborhoods. Asian-American are over-represented (compared to their percentage of all Americans) in every category... particularly in wealthy urban neighborhoods. African-Americans are much less likely to be found in either central cities or suburbia. Hispanics have penetrated the nations best neighborhoods more broadly and deeply than Blacks, but are still woefully under represented in America's landscapes of wealth" (A Racial Summary: Great Info & Bar Graphs). Even though African Americans are still considered a minority group, they have made a historical reputation through culture and music."
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BIOLOGY, 2007.
A review of biology as a cross-interdisciplinary study.
1,395 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 14 sources, MLA, AU$ 67.95
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Abstract
This paper takes a look at biology. According to the paper, biology covers the entirety of human history as well as the study of all life on the planet Earth. This paper focuses on what and how resources within biology are actually used. The paper assesses their validity based upon their credibility and support within the specific fields.
From the Paper
"There are several types of journals about biology. The two most prominent types are peer-reviewed journals and main-stream journals. In the first case, peer reviewed journals are very scientific in nature and not suited for laymen. They are usually published by professional associations of scientists such as the American Biology Society, and the Public Library of Science. Such literature is usually published on an annual, bi-annual or monthly basis and contains articles that are written by professionals within the field that detail their research. All articles within such journals are peer-reviewed and thus have credibility because they are reviewed for accuracy. Peer reviewed journals take on two particular forms, the first are ones that discipline specific, these journals are usually published through professional associations that specialize in such arenas. For instance, the American Ecology Society publishes a monthly peer-reviewed journal on topics that have to do with ecology. Another type of peer-reviewed journals is national level journals that look at the compilation of research across a spectrum of biological disciplines. Such journals such as the one published by the Public Library of Science, tend to be a panoramic view of the biology discipline, with articles that have to do with the complete breath of research within biology in general. The PLOS Biology journal is published three times a year and is a collection of the most important research within the national trimester. "
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Estrus in Humans, 2005.
Examines why humans do not display estrus, a phenomenon whereby the female exhibits certain physiological changes and emits secretions to attract the male for reproductive purposes.
2,336 words (approx. 9.3 pages), 11 sources, MLA, AU$ 104.95
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Abstract
Animals do not engage in human courtship rituals, asking potential partners for dates and engaging in long, sensitive conversations in an attempt to win over their trust. Instead, animals mate almost mechanically, often at set times of the year known as 'mating seasons,' in which the females enter into a hormonally induced period known as estrus, designed to attract males in order to ensure the birth of a new offspring of litter. The paper shows that such mating rituals would prove rather unsuitable for humans, since the idea of women entering a similar state of estrus is ludicrous, not to mention detrimental to the organization and smooth running of society. Indeed, civilization would become quite vulnerable if all its attentions turned to mating at certain times of the year. The paper shows that to ensure its successful existence, humans have lost this display of estrus, instead resorting to the more familiar mating rituals such as dating and wooing to ensure reproduction through a singularly pleasant means. Furthermore, reproduction among humans can theoretically take place at any time. This paper explores the phenomenon of estrus and why humans have lost this overt phenomenon, so essential to most other species.
From the Paper
"The mechanics of animal reproduction usually distinguish between attractivity, proceptivity, and receptivity. Attractivity is the degree of attractions a female elicits in males, proceptivity is the female's use of signs to elicit a male's interest in reproduction, and receptivity defines how females respond to males' reproductive leads (4). In animals which exhibit estrus, these elements occur almost mechanically when a female enters estrus, or heat. In humans, however, Harris theorizes that human reproduction has evolved into a process-oriented rather than product-oriented system (4). Harris explains that "human courtship is a process that occurs over time and is the result of the behavior of both interactants" (4)."
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Altruism Within Evolutionary Biology, 2007.
An analysis of the paradox of altruism within evolutionary biology.
1,502 words (approx. 6.0 pages), 8 sources, MLA, AU$ 72.95
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Abstract
This paper examines, through collected evidence, whether or not altruism can occur under the premise of evolutionary biology. It explains what evolutionary biology is and then explains the concept of altruism. It then goes on to explain why altruism is a paradox for evolutionary biology. The paper presents theories on altruism in an attempt to explain and minimize this paradox.
Table of Contents:
Abstract
Introduction
Background
Methods
Discussion
From the Paper
"There are many different results that are possible within this experiment. First, the expected result is that the majority of individuals will answer that they would act altruistically. However, they could act altruistically in some cases, as when they are giving change back to others, but selfishly when it comes to saving a drowning person and risking their own lives. Another scenario is that they could act selfishly when they are in the room by themselves, but when they are doing so in conjunction with someone else, they might be motivated by the visual sign of someone else to be altruistic. I argue that in most cases individuals will be altruistic and that they are altruistic because it is a reciprocated trait. When it comes to the questions of whether they would act altruistically knowing that the other person would not do the same. I believe the majority of individuals will still act altruistically. Although this result might differ from person to person."
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Psychological and Behavioral Processes in Humans and Animals, 2002.
This paper compares and contrasts psychological and behavioral processes of human and animals; knowledge of animals gains a deeper comprehension of the similar processes in humans.
1,130 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 5 sources, APA, AU$ 57.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses that both humans and animals have strong psychological needs that modify attitudes and behaviors. The author states that cognitive processes, including thinking, feeling, memorizing and perceiving, strongly influence the entire welfare of animals and humans. The paper concludes that there are acute differences between the humans and animals in their psychological processes that mutate their behavior.
From the Paper
"Research demonstrates that learning about psychological and behavioral processes of both animals and humans can greatly assist psychologists, physiologists, biologists and most of all general public in ameliorating human/animal interaction and in the successful management of all animals. Over the years, physiological processes have been studied thoroughly and paid much attention to, however, psychological needs and behavioral processes associated to them have neither been examined nor researched, thereby neglecting the most cardinal facet of both animal and human behavior for exploration of the same proves that animals like humans have strong psychological needs that modify and determine their behavior."
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Japanese Medieval Culture and Women, 2005.
Three essays on different aspects of medieval Japanese culture and the subjugation of women.
2,760 words (approx. 11.0 pages), 12 sources, APA, AU$ 139.95
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Abstract
This paper examines three essays on different aspects of medieval Japanese culture that use legends to subjugate women - the blood pool hell to which all women are damned by virtue of their biology, the Five Obstructions which are the five states of enlightenment which women cannot achieve after death because of the inferiority of their gender, and the use of images of women being transformed into snakes and dragons to tell stories about women's threats to men.
From the Paper
"This paper considers the positive and negative effects of Buddhism for women in the medieval and early Edo periods through the introduction oft he apocryphal text known as the Blood Pool Hell Sutra. The rise of popularity of the sutra was connected to ..."
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Biology and Gender Differences, 2002.
The roles of biology and socialization in shaping gender differences.
2,400 words (approx. 9.6 pages), 6 sources, AU$ 129.95
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Abstract
This paper examines psychological and sociological evidence gathered over the last several decades pertaining to the roles that biology and socialization play in the formation of gender roles. Studies showing how hormones, brain differences, and physical differences between males and females shape the traits associated with their genders. Sociological theories are examined that point to socialization playing a significant part in the development of a child's gender identification. Theories of transgendered individuals existing as a separate sex from males and females are touched upon. Both biology and socialization are demonstrated to shape gender roles, with a greater part played by biology.
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Classroom Learning Community and Biology, 2002.
A literature review of developing a learning community in the classroom and how this can be applied to biology instruction in high school.
8,524 words (approx. 34.1 pages), 19 sources, MLA, AU$ 262.95
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Abstract
This paper begins by providing an in-depth definition of a "learning community", summarized as curricular/instructional structure that provides students with opportunities for deeper understanding and integration of the material they are learning, as well as more interaction with one another and with their teachers who are viewed as fellow participants in the learning enterprise. This paper reviews the existing literature on learning communities and applies this literature to high school biology instruction. The review is presented in two parts: An examination of the literature indicating those conditions needed to establish a classroom as a learning community; and a review of instructional strategies that have been successful in getting students to achieve in the biological sciences. The review ends with the formulation of conclusions about developing learning communities in the classroom in general and in the biology classroom in particular, and those instructional strategies that might be best used in the classroom learning community.
From the Paper
"Kellog (1999) reports that the notion of a learning community was originally conceived by Alexander Meiklejohn who, at the University of Wisconsin, gathered both students and faculty together to study and discuss classic Greek literature during their first year of college and compare it to the contemporary American literature information which they studied in their second-year of college. Students were required to connect the ideas they learned in both literature classes. They wrote a paper during the summer between the first and second years and another paper at the end of the second year in which they compared what they had learned. This initial learning community established by Alexander Meiklejohn lasted for about six years. Today the concept of the learning community includes many different models; however, Kellog (1999) notes that, in general, regardless of the type of model used, learning communities produce several benefits to students, to staff and faculty and to the schools using the model. For students, these benefits include: increased academic achievement, improved retention, increased motivation, gains in intellectual development and greater involvement in learning itself."
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Infidelity and Biology, 2002.
A study of the biological urge that creates human infidielty.
1,565 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 7 sources, MLA, AU$ 75.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the biological reason for human infidelity in both men and women. It explores the sexual instincts of mating and the biological clock with makes humans prone to unfaithful sexual encounters. The paper describes Darwin's theory of the 'selfish gene', which describes the human biological force to compete for survival.
From the Paper
"Why are men more prone to committing adultery and why do some seemingly happy and satisfied wives seek sexual alternatives? These questions that seek to explain infidelity have so far remained elusive. The concept of human emotions and the instinctual need to reproduce is something that remains undeniable. Sexual instincts or the 'mating' instinct is strong in most animals and humans are no exception. Evolutionalists are now claiming that the human's male and female's are prone to be unfaithful at a certain time during their biological body clock."
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