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Human Nature and Government, 2002. A philosophical overview of the effect human nature on government organization. 900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 3 sources, AU$ 51.95 »
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Abstract This paper looks at the reality of certain problems for the institution and organization of government created by limitations in human nature. In this paper we look at Thomas Hobbes, John Locke and Alexander Hamilton's ideas that resolved this problem in a persuasive manner.
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Government, Human Development and Democracy, 2008. This extensive paper is a research study asking if a democratic systems of governance remain the most ideal form of government to effectively achieve a state's developmental aims. 7,165 words (approx. 28.7 pages), 12 sources, MLA, AU$ 232.95 »
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Abstract This paper investigates the connection between the types or forms of government and their performance in terms of the human development index (HDI), which is a more reliable measurement of development as a referent of its effect and contribution to the human person. The author argues that democratic forms of government are better able to provide for the advancement of human development because they allow for more meaningful public participation. The paper indicates that more than 60% of all dominant-assembly-oriented types (mostly referred to as parliamentary systems of government) and 20% of accountable-executive-oriented (mostly referred to as presidential systems) fall within categories regarded as "high human development" and roughly 24 percent of the former and 57% of the latter countries are within the "medium human development" category.
Table of Contents:
Abstract
Introduction
Related Literature
Structures of Government
Table. Riggs's Classification of Polity's (Political Systems)
Democracy and Development
Human Development
Classification of Forms of Government
Table. Classification of Forms of Government Used in the Paper
Human Development Index and Forms of Government
Table. High Human Development
Table. Medium Human Development
Table. Low Human Development
Distribution of Each Governmental Type across HD Levels
Table. Distribution of Each Type of Governmental Form across HD Levels
Table. HDI by Designated Regions and Clusters
Conclusion: Democracy for Human Development
From the Paper "There are governments as well, which may have plurality in terms of decision-making but it is dispersed among a few like-minded individuals advancing a common cause and not allowing for existence of competing groups or parties. This characterizes the third type of governmental system which still greatly persists in the present era--the ruling-party oriented type (Type 3). Theocratic governments are sub-classified under this since theocratic governments whether multi-party or not, allow a rather very little room for ideological dissent and since their main goals are to conservatively advance a particular religion and way of life and sometimes at the expense of political rights and civil liberties."
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E-Government and Strategic Human Resources, 2008. This paper describes e-government or e-governance and its relationship to the management of strategic human resources in the twenty-first century. 1,430 words (approx. 5.7 pages), 4 sources, APA, AU$ 69.95 »
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Abstract This paper states that it is essential that human resources fund and train personnel and staff to exploit the latest Internet technology to the fullest extent possible because e-governance is becoming one of the major public-sector phenomena of the twenty-first century. The author points out that today's centralized governments are in retreat, as members of the public are savvier and temporal demands are more acute. The paper relates that the utilization of e-governance must be a priority of governments and of strategic human resources that seek to protect the state from appearing inflexible, unresponsive or even anachronistic. The author emphasizes that the ability of the state to "spin" its own message to suit its own needs is greatly enhanced by e-government. The paper asserts that e-governance affords people the opportunity to engage in online transactions that are much faster than traditional "bricks-and-mortar" transactions. In addition to the sources used by the paper, the paper also includes an annotated bibliography of five more sources.
From the Paper "In a matter related to much of what has been stated above, e-governance allows governments to distribute their message to the masses in a fashion that far exceeds - for speed and convenience, certainly - the manner in which it can be transmitted via other media. Specifically, interactive government web sites can be accessed by members of the public at any time and almost anywhere - as long as an internet hook-up is in place. Because of this, citizens wishing to voice their displeasure (or support) of a government measure do not have endure the tedium of calling into a government ministry or the uncertainty that always seems to accompany penning a letter to government officials and then wondering if it ever arrived. As well, for individuals who are removed from their television sets or who do not have ready access to the local newspaper, an interactive internet site can be a fast way of learning more about something that may very well impact their lives or the lives of others they care about. Finally, because a government web site is not medi
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Natural Human Languages and Mathematics, 2005. This paper discusses the similarities of human languages and mathematics. 675 words (approx. 2.7 pages), 1 source, AU$ 38.95 »
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Abstract This paper relates that one often hears people say, "I am good with languages but useless at math" and vice versa as if the two were entirely opposite ways of thinking. The author points out that closer examination of human language and mathematics reveals a surprising number of similarities. The paper states that the most obvious similarity between the two is that both natural human languages and mathematics have a formal syntax i.e. a set of rules that governs them.
From the Paper "Human languages and mathematics seem on the face of it to be very different things. One often hears people say "I am good with languages, but useless at math", and vice versa, as if the two were entirely opposite ways of thinking. However, closer examination reveals a surprising number of similarities. The most obvious similarity between the two is that both natural human languages and mathematics have a formal syntax, i.e. a set of rules that governs them. In the case of language, this is a set of rules that governs how the words may be put together. "
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Human Nature and Buddha Nature, 2002. Looks at the differences and similarities between the Confucian concept of human nature and the Buddha concept of Buddha nature. 2,650 words (approx. 10.6 pages), 2 sources, AU$ 142.95 »
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Abstract This paper is a comparison/contrast of the Confucian concept of human nature with the Buddhist concept of Buddha-nature. The two concepts are extremely different, but they still have much in common.
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The Government that Governs Best, 2004. Asks the question: does the government that governs least govern the best? 1,338 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 2 sources, MLA, AU$ 64.95 »
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Abstract There are many who believe that a true, freedom-loving democracy consists of a government that stays out of the business of its citizens as much as possible. This paper questions whether a government that does not govern much at all can really be an effective government. Even more importantly, it questions whether a government that does not govern much can protect and preserve the very democracy and freedom that created it in the first place. This paper looks at the writings of Alex de Tocqueville, specifically, his book, "Democracy in America", in order to determine if the government that governs least really is best.
From the Paper "For most of the history of the United States, the idea that the government should not be very strong and should leave the people mainly to themselves has been a common theme of opinion among both the people and the politicians. It was certainly the common idea of the day when the Articles of Confederation were installed as our first constitution. The Articles of Confederation created a weak, loose league of friendship between the states, but established no real sort of federal government. The federal government it did create had no power beyond what the states gave it. As a result, nothing much ever got done, and the government and the states soon found out that the United States as a whole was not able to pay its bills, regulate its commerce, or ensure domestic tranquility."
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The Government and the Governed, 2004. Compares and contrasts John Locke's and Jean Rousseau's theories about government and the people it governs. 2,700 words (approx. 10.8 pages), 3 sources, APA, AU$ 139.95 »
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Abstract This paper examines the theories put forth by John Lock and Jean Jacques Rousseau concerning the ways that government and those governed should interact. The paper compares and contrasts both theories and examines their differing ideas on ways in which government must act to ensure a stable, orderly, just and prosperous society.
From the Paper "Two philosophers who have contributed a great deal to an understanding of the relationship between citizens and government are Jean Jacques Rousseau and John Locke. The purpose of this report is to compare and contrast Rousseau's and Locke's theories regarding the ways in which the governed and the government must and should interact in order to ensure the continuation of a society that is stable, orderly and conducive to prosperity, equality and justice for its members. To that end ideas advanced..."
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A Government of Limited Powers, 2008. This paper discusses Thomas Hobbes' view of government and human nature. 757 words (approx. 3.0 pages), 2 sources, APA, AU$ 38.95 »
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Abstract The paper explores Thomas Hobbes' views of natural human nature as it applies to the framework of the United States government. The paper discusses how Hobbes believed that all men are created equal, but the desire for power will inevitably lead to those that are stronger gaining power. The paper relates that the founding fathers of the Constitution recognized this fact and established a divided government with three coequal branches that had checks and balances over the powers of the other.
From the Paper "Thomas Hobbes believed that all men were basically created equal; equal in talent, equal in abilities, and equal in power. However inevitably there would be those that are stronger than others, and they would seek to gain all of the power. Hobbes philosophized that the eventual salvation of society would lie in the large government, the body politic, the Leviathan. (Solomon, 2005 p.619) The government being the salvation of the common man is not a foreign idea, and one need not go any further than the evening news to see examples. Hobbes being a conservative monarchist felt that the supreme power lied in the divine right of the king to rule. (Thomas-Hobbes.com, 2004 n.p.)"
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California Government versus the Federal Government, 2007. A comparison of the executive, legislative and judicial branches of the federal government versus California government. 1,852 words (approx. 7.4 pages), 2 sources, MLA, AU$ 86.95 »
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Abstract This paper compares the California Government to the Federal Government. It discusses the United States executive branch, (the presidency), the United States Congress (the legislative branch), the United States federal court system and the federal bureaucracy. The paper then compares the running of the federal government to the California government with regards to its executive branch, the legislative process and the judicial system.
Table of Contents:
The Executive Branch
The Legislative Branch
The Judicial Branch
From the Paper "One thing that helps keep a separation of power between the three branches is the President's limited lawmaking abilities. The president can recommend laws and changes to laws, but he cannot implement them. Only the Congress can do that. He can however, veto laws that Congress passes and he finds unacceptable. This keeps any one of the three branches from having too much power or influence over the others."
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Federal Government versus State Government, 2002. A comparison of the United States Federal Government versus the Michigan State Government. 1,900 words (approx. 7.6 pages), 3 sources, AU$ 103.95 »
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Abstract This paper provides an overview of the government system used by the state of Michigan and uses this overview to compare the situation in Michigan to the governing style of the country as a whole. This paper therefore provides the reader with a concise summary of the ways in which Michigan is both alike and different from the U.S. federal government.
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Hobbes and Locke: Comparison and Contrast, 2002. This paper presents a comparison between the beliefs of Thomas Hobbes and John Locke who represent two very different ways of looking at human nature and the theories of government that they have generated. 964 words (approx. 3.9 pages), 1 source, MLA, AU$ 50.95 »
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Abstract The writer illustrates how political theorists have formulated justifications for the type of state that each would establish. Hobbes believed that human relations were inborn and could only be superficially controlled by government, whereas Locke saw man as basically being given the ability to know right from wrong by his Creator.
From the Paper "In a Hobbesian world, mankind needs such a power to defend its own interests. Therefore, Hobbes concludes, ?The only way to erect such a common power. . is, to confer all their power and strength upon one man, or upon one assembly of men, that may reduce all their wills, by plurality of voices, into one will.? (58) Hobbe?s state, as a result, is totalitarian and fixed; once institutions are established, they are not subject to change, since the presumption is that the state is already ideal and can?t be wrong. There is also no concept of civil rights or individual freedom."
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E-Government, Information Technology and Governance, 2002. A paper which discusses ways in which E-governments can be seen as a threat or an opportunity to developing countries. 6,296 words (approx. 25.2 pages), 10 sources, MLA, AU$ 213.95 »
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Abstract The paper explains the concept of E-Government as a strategy used by governments in and around developing countries to use new technologies to provide people with more convenient access to government information and services. These are for the improvement of the quality of services and to provide greater opportunities to participate in the democratic institutions and processes.
The paper provides an in-depth, critical appraisal of the opportunities and threats ushered in by the new concept and practice of E-Government as transferred to developing countries. Ways in which developing countries may cope with the phenomenon of E-government as well as advances in information technology and governance, are discussed. In addition, it also examines the strategies and tools that policymakers use to preserve the benefits as well as to avoid or lessen the costs involved.
From the Paper "The issue of Electronic Government (E. Government) , with particular regards to the advantages and disadvantages of its implementation and use, has been the subject of considerable debate and numerous studies in both the developed and the developing worlds. This paper seeks to explore the capacity of the developing world to fully utilize the opportunities E-government presents. However, to obtain maximum effect it is also necessary to determine what negative impacts might be and how best to approach them. In the discussion, an attempt will be made to explain why many of these negatives may not be totally eliminated as some are intrinsically intertwined with the benefits to be gained, while others derive from social conditions such as cultural differences, lack of resources, training and education. Consequently, development managers and policy makers in the developing world have come under severe pressure as it is their duty to find ways to sustain the opportunities presented by E-government while at the same time reducing the harmful effects. The paper postulates that this can only be achieved through technical changes such as trained personnel, increased availability of technology and conditional changes such as rules and regulations, social capital, capacity building etc."
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U.S. Government in a Hobbesian Perspective, 2008. A comparison between Hobbes' theories and the structure of the US Government. 750 words (approx. 3.0 pages), 2 sources, MLA, AU$ 38.95 »
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Abstract This paper compares and contrasts the ideas of political philosopher Thomas Hobbes with the structure of the US Government. It looks at the topic from three different angles in the following logical order: Hobbes's view of human nature, desire and competition for power, and checks and balances or separation of powers (although Hobbes himself made no room for this last category in his philosophy). The paper concludes that the principle of Hobbes which probably would find favor with the founders of the Constitution was his version of the golden rule, "Do not that to another, which thou wouldst not have done to thyself." This is a rule based on mutual self-interest, and does not depend on one particular form of government for its effectiveness.
Table of Contents:
Hobbes' View of Human Nature
Desire and Competition for Power
Separation of Powers and Checks and Balances
From the Paper "In this area, Hobbes' ideal probably comes closest to that of the founding documents of the United States, in which the "pursuit of happiness" is considered a basic goal of citizens, and to make those goals possible requires the creation of an orderly government. However, the nature of this created government is very different in Hobbes' ideal than in that of the United States. For Hobbes, the government which was formed by mutual agreement among the people of a given area (again, only motivated by self-interest against the natural state of competition) would have to be one of absolute sovereignty, i.e. a "Leviathan" or overwhelming force, which he believed necessary to counter all of the other individual forces that would otherwise pull it apart. Then, the natural competition for power among individuals would be forcefully limited by a greater power."
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Human Inequality, 2002. A discussion of the philosophers Loyseau and Diderot?s different versions of human inequality. 1,061 words (approx. 4.2 pages), 1 source, MLA, AU$ 54.95 »
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Abstract This paper examines how both the philosophers Loyseau and Diderot offer philosophies that posit the inherent inequality, rather than the inherent equality of all human beings. It analyzes how the instinctive reaction to both of these individuals? philosophies thus might be to conflate or equate their two different notions of the nature of humanity, blurring the distinction between these two contemporaries. However, although neither man posits a view of human nature that might be palatable to a modern, Western reader, both distinctly differ in the emphasis of the nature of human inequality and how this should translate into a philosophy of government. It looks at how Diderot is primarily concerned with the internal differences of the human spirit and sensibility, while Loyseau is concerned with advancing a particular philosophy of human government.
From the Paper "Diderot?s disparagement of the common mass of humanity who are simply not made to either appreciate or promote the advancement of culture is itself a product of a society in which few individuals received a full education on the level of basic literacy. Literacy much less cultural literacy, was rare, much less a basic inculcation in what we might call high culture. Diderot observed individuals who were only interested in surviving, in a very brute physical sense on a day-to-day basis, and assumed that these individuals were somehow lacking in interest in the advancement of culture. He observed the symptoms of an unequal, class-bound society and judged its symptoms to be an exhibition of the inherent nature of the majority of humanity."
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The Homeland Security Department: Human Resource Implications, 2002. An examination of the proposed Homeland Security Department for the federal government from the aspect of human resources. 2,100 words (approx. 8.4 pages), 6 sources, MLA, AU$ 95.95 »
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Abstract This paper examines the human resource criteria for the proposed federal agency, The Homeland Security Department. It looks at the history and characteristics of the merit system, as well as considers the political environment and the history of the debate and the Civil Service Reform Act of 1978.
Table of Contents
1. Introduction
2. History of The Merit System
3. Characteristics of the Merit System
4. Merit System Reform Human Resources and the Homeland Security Department
5. Reactions to the Homeland Security Department
6. Bibliography
From the Paper "Debate is currently underway in response to a proposed bill calling for the creation of the Homeland Security Department. This department is designed to integrate the various federal agencies that contribute to national security. One cause of debate is the human resource implications of the new system. This system asks for a flexible approach to human resources, but as will be seen, this is not a new concept. Human resources in the public service has been an issue for decades, yet for the last century the public service has been based on a system known as the ?merit system.? "
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The Iraqi Government, 2004. This paper discusses the old Iraqi government, the interim government that is currently in place, and the government that will be in place in Iraq following the war there. 2,565 words (approx. 10.3 pages), 10 sources, APA, AU$ 112.95 »
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Abstract This paper explains that Saddam Hussein?s main goals were to increase Iraq?s territory and to ensure that Saddam Hussein stayed in power for as long as possible. The author points out that the main enemies of the interim government in Iraq are political groups within Iraq that disagree with how the country is being redeveloped and managed. The paper stresses that the aim of both the interim and the new governments will have to be economic growth as their main short-term concern and economic stability as a long-term aim.
From the Paper "In terms of the main threats to the interim/future governments of Iraq, there will be from people within Iraq, and within the Middle East, who disagree with America?s involvement and who do not like the government that is put in place. (It is to be remembered that Iraq, like Afghanistan, is made up of many distinct tribes, divided according to religion, and that, as such, it will be extremely difficult to pleas everyone. The world has to be prepared for what will happen when these groups begin to vent their anger at what has happened in Iraq. In terms of addressing these threats, the people behind the organization of the interim/future governments will have to tread a difficult path and to reach a compromise solution, which is sufficiently to everyone?s liking as to avoid such potential conflicts."
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