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History of Terrorism, 2004.
This paper discusses the history of terrorism from ancient to modern times.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 8 sources, MLA, AU$ 57.95
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Abstract
This article looks at the history of terrorism from ancient to modern times. The writer defines terrorism and its roots. The writer also discusses different types of terrorism: state terrorism and non-state terrorism. The paper looks at the many forms of terrorism.
Brief Historical Overview of Terrorism
Introduction and Purpose
Definition of Terrorism
Purpose
Brief History of Terrorism
Roots of Terrorism
Ancient History
Modern History
Types of Terrorism
State Terrorism
Non-State Terrorism
Responding to Terrorism
Identifying Proper Targets
Conclusions
Works Cited
From the Paper
"Any academic definition of terrorism would refer to a violent act omitted by individuals or a group not during a war undertaken in order to achieve a political goal. Modern forms of political terrorism became popular ... "
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Terrorism and Counter Terrorism, 2004.
A study of the development of international terrorism and counter terrorism, both in general and specifically, since the events of September 11th, 2001.
1,754 words (approx. 7.0 pages), 11 sources, APA, AU$ 82.95
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Abstract
This paper focuses on the way counter terrorism and terrorism have changed since 9/11 and the growing role of the U.S. It also looks at the development of 'modern' terrorism and the possible consequences of the continuing War on Terror. It debates whetherr or not September 11th, 2001 can be seen as a day that changed the face of terrorism. It also discusses how since the invasion of Afghanistan, terrorist attacks have become more numerous and high profile although their basic purpose remains the same, to gain attention. It puts forward the view that what has changed about terrorism since 9/11 is the amount of media attention it now controls.
From the Paper
"As well as presenting a recent point of reference for terrorist activity, the conflicts in Palestine and Northern Ireland also show two different ways of dealing with the problem, certain aspects of which have been adopted by the United States. In the case of Britain and Northern Ireland, the conflict is one of territory and security for those who want British rule. In Palestine and Israel however, the situation is based purely on territory. This difference in the foundation for the terrorist action seems to have dictated the way in which terrorism has been dealt with. Because of the presence of British citizens in Northern Ireland, and the small section of society that is involved in the unrest , it has been British policy in recent years to try and settle the situation through political sanctions and increased security measures to prevent terrorism."
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"Terror" in the Mind of God: A Study of Terrorism, 2005.
This paper studies the dangerous influence that religion has on some believers-- an influence that ignites terrorism.
2,250 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 6 sources, MLA, AU$ 101.95
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Abstract
Using Mark Juergensmeyer's book "Terror in the Mind of God" as a reference, this paper examines how religion sometimes influences its believers in such an extreme way that they turn to terrorism in the name of God. The paper examines the origins of terrorism, cultures of violence and the future of terrorism.
From the Paper
"Juergensmeyer's ideas discussed in the book go against what most criminological theories of crime causation tell us. Rational Choice theory, which is the theory used almost exclusively in today's criminal justice field, believes that criminals choose to commit crime by weighing the potential benefits versus the potential risks. (Siegal, 107). This assumption that offenders make a rational informed decision affects crime prevention strategies (Siegal, 129). The religious terrorist, however, is in a cosmic frame of mind where moral religious values override any sense of legal right or wrong."
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Terrorism, 2004.
An analysis of the possible causes of terrorism.
2,918 words (approx. 11.7 pages), 7 sources, MLA, AU$ 126.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses exactly what constitutes terrorism. The paper presents an outline of the history of terrorism and examines the causes behind the current spate of global terrorism. The paper focuses specifically on Islamic terrorism that has swept many regions of the world during the past few years. The paper offers various solutions for the problem.
Outline
Introduction
What is Terrorism?
History
General Causes of Terrorism
Reasons for Islamic Terrorism
Does the Qu'ran Teach Terrorism or is Islam a Peaceful Religion?
What are the Solutions?
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Terrorism has a long and violent history and incidents of terrorism have been recorded from at least 2,000 years ago. Acts of terrorism have included political assassinations, violent political revolutions, hijackings, skyjackings, and bombings intended to attract attention, shock, intimidate and instill fear. Before the 911 terror attacks the threat of terrorism, though always a potential danger, was of an episodic nature, and seemed to be under control. The devastating attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon on September 11, 2001, however, have brought terrorism to the center stage of world politics and exposed the vulnerability of soft civilian targets to a small but determined group of terrorists. The issue of terrorism and home security now dominates the foreign policy of most countries including the United States. The focus on terrorism has also forced people to think deeply about its root causes, which may have historical, cultural, political, social, psychological, economic, or religious reasons."
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Terrorism in Russia, 2006.
A discussion on the causes of terrorist attacks in Russia.
2,114 words (approx. 8.5 pages), 8 sources, MLA, AU$ 96.95
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Abstract
This paper claims that in order to understand why terrorism is occurring in Russia, one has to understand the history of the area from which most of the terrorism has originated. It continues to offer an extensive description of the history of the area since 1991 and the break up of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR). It concludes with a more objective discussion on the actions of Russia and Chechnya and investigates where the blame lies. The paper also includes facts and figures on the horrific mortality rates.
From the Paper
"President Maskadov was elected in 1997, and tried to stop the growing spread of Wahhabism and organized crime but with little effect, partly because some of his assistants were involved with criminal activities themselves. Crime grew, and social conditions deteriorated. In 1998 some foreign aid workers were kidnapped along with Russia's envoy to Chechnya. At the end of the year four heads were found by a roadside. They had belonged to telecommunication workers. Such terrorist acts restricted Chechnya's economic opportunities still further. Meanwhile the violence once again spread outside Chechnya. A an apartment building in Moscow was blown up. "
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Origins of Middle Eastern Terrorism, 2006.
An examination of the origins of terrorism in the Middle East from the beginnings of Islam to the Crusades and Zionism.
1,353 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 1 source, APA, AU$ 66.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the origins of terrorism in the Middle East. It examines the Middle East and the major problems that have evolved there. Specifically, the paper examines Zionism in Palestine, the state of Israel, intra-Arab rivalries and revolutionary. It focuses on the history of terrorism from the beginnings of Islam to the Crusades and then Zionism.
Table of Contents:
Abstract
Introduction
An introduction to the region
A synopsis of major problems
Three sources of Middle Eastern terrorism
Zionism in Palestine: 1914-1936
The birth of modern Israel
Intra-Arab rivalries
Shia Islam and revolutionary Iran
Summary
From the Paper
"Iran is unique in the Middle East. Iranians are not Arabs, and they practice a version of Islam somewhat different from orthodox practices (White, 2002). Shiites and Sunnis exist in Iran with conflicting beliefs, which has caused tension. The influence of the West has divided Iran changing it from pro-western to being at war with the West and the rest of the world ideologically (White, 2002). Various leaders of Iran have subjected the people to love and war to outsiders. For example, America looked on the Shah as a friend, never realizing the Iranians viewed America's actions as part of a long tradition of imperialism (White, 2002). Whereas, the Ayatollah Khomeini launched a holy war against the West and the traitors of Islam (White, 2002). Terrorism is used by Iran to fight their battles and powerful groups such as the Islamic Jihad and Hizbollah have evolved from Iran."
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Protecting Ourselves against Terrorism, 2007.
An analysis of the consequences of terrorism and attempts to protect ourselves against terrorism.
2,995 words (approx. 12.0 pages), 4 sources, MLA, AU$ 128.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the way the September 11, 2001 terrorist attack has affected people's ability to discuss terrorism dispassionately. The paper begins by defining terrorism and then presents some possible causes of terrorism. The paper suggests the United States' responsibility in dealing with terrorism and gives the writer's personal view on the issue.
Table of Contents:
Causes of Terrorism
What is Terrorism?
Protecting Ourselves from Terrorism- a) Follow International Law
Protecting Ourselves from Terrorism- b) Domestic Measures
Conclusions
From the Paper
"Terrorism is such a misused word that one person's terrorist is another ones freedom fighter. Bin Laden and his criminal gang were described as 'Mujahideen- the Holy Warriors' by the western media and their indiscriminate terrorist attacks during soviet occupation and pro-soviet Afghan government days were projected as freedom struggle and acts of bravery. The international politics has thus not permitted building a formal definition. The United States Congress has defined [22 U.S.C. [sections] 2656 f(d)(1)-(2) (1994)] "terrorism" as "premeditated, politically motivated violence perpetrated against noncombatant targets by sub-national groups or clandestine agents"; "international terrorism" is defined as "terrorism involving citizens or the territory of more than 1 country" [Reisman, 1999]. This definition does not consider state terrorism or state sponsored terrorism, which is often the case, as international terrorism often requires a hideout and a sympathetic or covertly supporting state."
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International Terrorism, 2006.
This paper looks at how, in order to fight terrorism and prevent acts of terrorism, we must create a comprehensive definition of terrorism.
2,475 words (approx. 9.9 pages), 5 sources, AU$ 142.95
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Abstract
This paper addresses the problem in creating a comprehensive definition of terrorism, noting that defining terrorism more clearly is a beginning point for further discussion. How the term is defined can determine what solutions are offered. International terrorism creates particular problems because what is seen as terrorism in one context or by one particular observer may not be seen that way by another.
From the Paper
"Terrorism is a label for various forms of political violence directed at a civilian population by a non-military group trying to spread terror in order to force some political end. Americans more and more use the term as short-hand for attacks by Muslim groups, but terrorism around the world may have nothing to do with a specific religious group or political structure at all. The target of terrorism has often been the West, but terrorism can be directed at any regime that some group wants to influence. The approach taken is to frighten the populace in order to force the government to capitulate to some demand, even to the extent of demanding a complete change not merely of leadership but of the very form of government and of political ideology."
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Terrorism and Transnational Crime, 2005.
This paper is a literature review of terrorism pre and post 9/11, the relationship of money laundering to terrorism using the Colombian narco-traffickers as a model and the relationship of transnational crime and terrorism.
4,120 words (approx. 16.5 pages), 52 sources, MLA, AU$ 160.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the literature states the necessity of extending the scope of terrorism to include related trends of drug-trafficking, organized crime and unlawful migration to America because these trends serve as breeding grounds to terroristS who have been looking for newer ways to broaden the terrorist funding base. The author points out that the literature indicates that the methodology adopted by the drug mafia in Columbia, to distribute their narcotics at the global level and subsequently to use that money to fund organizations creating civil unrest, has been adopted by the terrorists in the Middle East. The paper relates that literature discusses the actions taken by global institutions at the forefront of global anti-money laundering administration and reviews some fundamentals of the critical anti-money laundering law, such as the constant attrition of confidentiality and the obligation of augmented necessities of carefulness.
Table of Contents
Terrorism
Analysis of Literature on Terrorism Pre-Post 9/11
Money Laundering
Relationship between the Colombian Narco-Traffickers and Colombian Insurgency
Trans-national Organized Crime and Terrorism
From the Paper
"Michael Reisman (1999) gives a fair review of the past and the present actions and procedures of calculated and politically provoked violent non-government groups. Many critics have questioned the unwillingness of the American courts to prosecute terrorist activities that have taken place outside American grounds. Michael reviews the reasons behind the reluctance of the American courts to take legal action in these scenarios. He also reviews the dilemma of the incompetent countries whose soil has been exploited as a foundation for terrorist training and terrorist activities against other countries, particularly the United States. Similarly, Peter Chalk (1998) reviews a number of terrorist events which could have resulted in greater understanding and classification of terrorism and the fundamentals that serve as driving forces for terrorist acts. He concludes his study by creating a model for responding to terrorist actions within the customs of political and social legality."
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Mutating Forms of Terrorism, 2006.
This paper discusses different definitions and types of terrorism.
988 words (approx. 4.0 pages), 1 source, APA, AU$ 51.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that to understand terrorism, one may simply delve into its meaning, however, the term has changed throughout the years to have different meanings. Therefore, an examination of the various typologies of terrorism may help understand the concept better. Also, the writer points out that understanding the tactics used by terrorists can clarify its basic forms. The writer maintains that there has been an increase in media focus on terrorism for western society since the events of 9/11. The purposes of these events are complicated with no clear answers. In fact, defining the term terrorism is difficult for politicians, scholars and the military, especially since terrorism has changed over the years. The writer looks at the contexts of terrorism, definitions of terrorism and then discusses various typologies.
Outline:
Abstract
Introduction
Contexts of Terrorism
Defining Terrorism
Typologies of Terrorism
Tactics of Terrorism
Summary
From the Paper
"The media can easily sensationalize acts of violence. By using the term terrorism they attract the attention of the public. Therefore, the media to simply gain viewers can overuse the term. The media can use criminal activity and refer to it as terrorist related. Except in times of conflict or government repression, all terrorism involves criminal activity. Usually innocent people are killed or seriously injured intentionally which carries criminal connotation throughout the world. In some countries government repression is done by terrorist modes to control the people. Saddam Hussein ruled Iraq through terror much like Joseph Stalin did in the Soviet Union. Religion usually plays a prominent role as groups feel they must purify the world with a cause that involves destruction to certain people. Religion like most other factors has changed the context of terrorism throughout the years."
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Terrorism Policy, 2008.
This paper looks at definitions of terrorism and their effects on terrorism policies.
944 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 4 sources, MLA, AU$ 48.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how a terrorism policy is contingent upon the definition of terrorism prevalent at a given time and looks at the terrorism policies of the past. The paper discusses the serious implications for how we define the word terrorism. The paper also explains that, used too broadly, the definition can limit the ability of legitimate guerrilla organizations to fight oppressive regimes, but used too restrictively, it can make a nation vulnerable to unforeseen attacks.
From the Paper
"The issue of global terrorism has become a major public concern in the past decade or so and particularly since the attacks of September 11, 2001. It is a natural response to terrorist attacks and activity that governments and lawmakers will attempt to formulate policies to deal with the problem. It seems logical to conclude that without clear and consistent sets of policies and procedures to deal with such a multi-faceted and complex problem, it will not be possible to effectively combat it or fight it on almost any coherent level."
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Cyber-Terrorism, 2007.
This paper looks at Cyber-terrorism's role in terrorism.
1,237 words (approx. 4.9 pages), 6 sources, MLA, AU$ 62.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer explains that the term cyber-terrorism has developed as a result of the role of modern technology in the furtherance of national and international terrorism. The writer notes that al Qaeda appears to love the Internet and that there is a growing realization of the way that computers and the Internet are being used as another tool in the terrorist's arsenal. The writer concludes that there is little doubt that with the growth of the Internet and modern digital communications systems the threat of cyber-terrorism is one that is set to increase.
From the Paper
"It is usually the case that cyber-terrorists have political aims that motivate their crimes. In the information age the information that a terrorist may need to plan an attack on, for example, a power station is contained on government or private computers somewhere. Therefore the art of hacking or illegally gaining entry to restricted data via the Internet and computers has become one of the ways that cyber-terrorists operate. A good example of this was during the Gulf War in 1991 the Pentagon computer was hacked or illegally entered and secret material about the Patriot missile was stolen."
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"Terrorism and U.S. Foreign Policy", 2002.
Focuses on Paul P. Pillar's famous writing against terrorism, "Terrorism and U.S. Foreign Policy".
1,484 words (approx. 5.9 pages), 2 sources, APA, AU$ 72.95
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Abstract
This paper puts forward Pillar?s analyses about terrorism and how it can be eliminated. It also outlines certain evidence that Pillar gives in his work to support his claim.
From the Paper
"Terrorism and U.S. Foreign Policy by Paul Pillar focuses all of its attention on terrorists attacks on the United States and the approach used by the United States in combating these attacks in the right and meaningful way. Recently the Chicago Council conducted a census on Foreign affairs and discovered that the most captious threat to the United States was International Terrorism. America being a super power is under a continuous danger of being threatened of its security. Of course the government and the United States President takes this issue very seriously in order to safeguard the well being of the country?s citizens but the question is are they doing it in the right manner?"
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Domestic Terrorism, 2007.
An analysis of the challenge of homegrown terrorism for the American counter-terrorism policy.
2,254 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 6 sources, MLA, AU$ 101.95
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Abstract
This paper asserts that homegrown or domestic terrorism is the greatest challenge for American counter-terrorism policy. The paper argues that there needs to be a greater focus on homegrown terrorism in light of the evidence of this growing threat. The paper begins by defining domestic terrorism and then goes on to explore the main reasons that this threat is growing.
Table of Contents:
The Threat Of Domestic Terrorism
The History Of Homegrown Terrorism
Conclusion
From the Paper
"However, as we explore contemporary history we find that evidence of domestic terrorism and the aims of the homegrown groups and individuals are not diminishing. In fact instead of domestic terror decreasing in the aftermath of 9/11, there are many experts who are of the view that domestic terror groups are in fact learning from and emulating eternal groups like al-Qaeda; and are in the process of becoming an even greater threat than before. "Experts say domestic terrorism is becoming more dangerous as groups adopt looser organizational structures similar to that of the al-Qaeda network, plan larger attacks, and consider turning to weapons of mass destruction." (American Militant Extremists)"
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Combating Terrorism, 2001.
Term paper on combating terrorism and counter terrorism measures.
1,885 words (approx. 7.5 pages), 5 sources, AU$ 88.95
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Abstract
This research paper examines the prevention of terrorism. Using logos, the author attempts to persuade the audience to support his final opinion by displaying factual information gained through past research. Ethos is used to help support his opinion through the use of credible references so the information may not be questioned on its? accuracy. Lastly, using pathos, an emotional appeal is utilized to help express his thesis.
From the Paper
" Terrorism is a topic that has become an important subject to many people. It is not centralized to a specific location, group of people, it does not discriminate; rather it is a destructive form of discrimination. Terrorism has been used as a tool for persuasion, popularity, and revenge. To ensure the protection, safety, and freedoms of American citizens, the prevention of terrorism will have some effects on personal liberties, culture, and the role of America on a global scale."
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U.S. Foreign Policy?s Influence on Terrorism, 2002.
The paper discusses the influence that United States foreign policy has had on creating terrorism throughout the world.
4,405 words (approx. 17.6 pages), 24 sources, MLA, AU$ 168.95
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Abstract
This paper argues that U.S. foreign policy within the last thirty years has had a significant influence in the rise of terrorism throughout the world. The writer cites U.S. involvement in domestic politics in many countries, military interventions, and pursing national interests in other countries regardless of the consequences of pursing those interests, as influential in enabling terrorist organizations. The paper claims that in order to stop the wave of terrorism throughout the world, the United States must stay clear from interfering with domestic political problems in many regions around the world and must stay away from pursuing military operations that are not in the national interests of United States.
Table of Contents:
U.S. Foreign Policy?s Influence with Terrorism
Defense against Terrorism
The Roots of Terrorism
State Support of Terrorism
War on Terrorism
Solutions to Terrorism
From the Paper
"As Ahid Aslam concentrated on the foreign policy priorities of the Bush Administration in his article, Robert Cutter from the institute for foreign policy in focus wrote an article titled ?The Anti-Terrorist Coalition: A New World Order Redux.? This article focuses on the possibility that the anti-terrorist coalition may incite terrorist groups to ruse up and take action against the coalition in order to break it up. The author concentrates on the possible negative effects of placing together an anti-terrorist coalition and having being lead by the United States. The author determines that as long as the United States continues to lead the anti-terrorist coalition, the coalition will only be serving U.S. interests on terrorism and not international interests. The author suggests that it should be the United Nations that should be leading the coalition and not the United States."
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