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The History of Printing in Ancient China, 2008.
An analysis of the history of printing during the Tang Dynasty and the Sung Dynasty in Ancient China and its relationship to Buddhism and Confucianism.
1,726 words (approx. 6.9 pages), 9 sources, APA, AU$ 80.95
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Abstract
This paper shows the important role that Buddhism and Confucianism played in the development of printing. It then shows the important role that printing played in the development and history of these two religions. The paper particularly discusses the history of printing from the time of the Tang Dynasty and the Sung Dynasty in Ancient China.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
The Very Beginning of Printing - Tang Dynasty (618-906)
Reasons why Printing was Invented - Buddhism in the Tang Dynasty
The Diamond Sutra
Buddhist and Confucian Books Printed in the Sung Dynasty
Importance of Printing to Buddhism and Confucianism
Commercial Uses for Printing
Conclusion
From the Paper
"As has been shown above, the Ancient Chinese were the first to develop printing, during the Tang Dynasty and the Sung Dynasty. The main reason they did this was because printing was needed to produce and distribute more religious texts. In particular, Buddhist texts were the reason why early printing was developed. Printing then made possible the production of the first complete Buddhist canon. So, it must have been very important in spreading and developing Buddhism in China. Although printing was soon used for commercial applications, it continued to be important for religious literature. During the Sung Dynasty, it was used to produce Confucian books. Thanks to the invention of printing, a fair amount of early religious works still exist today."
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History of Printing, 2005.
Provides a history of printing from the earliest days of paper.
1,840 words (approx. 7.4 pages), 8 sources, APA, AU$ 92.95
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Abstract
This paper provides a history of printing from the earliest days of paper and ink thousands of years ago, to the current trend in printing, digital imaging. The paper provides an account of different eras and inventions in printing that also transformed society.
From the Paper
"The history of printing can be traced from Ancient civilizations writing on stone or clay to our current technology-oriented desktop publishing and digital printing. Before printing on paper ancient societies used clay ..."
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Confucius and Ancient China, 2002.
Anlalyzes "Analects" of Confucius and his perceptions of ancient China.
1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 2 sources, AU$ 64.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the works of Confucius, primarily his "Analects", with respect to his belief about the structure of China's past. This is supported through references to the work, "Mencius".
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Political Power in Ancient China, 2002.
Looks at the criteria for political authority in the ancient Chinese world, using K.C. Chang's "Art Myth and Ritual" as a reference.
1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 1 source, AU$ 64.95
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Abstract
K.C. Chang's book, "Art Myth and Ritual" is an in-depth study and analysis of the development of political power in Ancient China through the foundations of myth, art, and architecture. Through a combination of archaeology, classical studies and anthropology, Chang sets out the specific criteria for the rise of political authority in the Ancient Chinese world and places them in the context of the mythological, artistic and ritualistic realities of the tradition itself.
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Virtue in Ancient China and Athens, 2004.
An examination and comparison of the way Confucius and Aristotle viewed the concept of virtue.
1,136 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 4 sources, MLA, AU$ 57.95
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Abstract
Although both have present-day renown as ancient apostles of the virtuous life, in truth, the Chinese philosopher, Confucius, and the Greek philosopher, Aristotle, cannot be strictly and coherently contrasted in their points of view on virtue in a traditional sense of comparison. This paper explains that both philosophers have such substantially different definitions of what ?virtue? may be defined, as within their respective historical, political, and societal circumstances, one cannot elide ?virtue? within the same definitional framework of ancient China and ancient Greece. It shows how both philosophers conceptualized the notion of what constitutes virtue in completely different ways. For Confucius, virtue was a code of conduct, a law or rule of life that ought to be obeyed to create a more harmonious and perfect society. For Aristotle, virtue was a philosophical ideal that attempted to provide human beings with a definition that enabled them to conceive of their lives in a more philosophically efficacious way.
From the Paper
"The different definitions of virtue between Confucius and Aristotle arise not simply because of difference of temperament or even translation, but of what both saw as their roles as thinkers. Confucius was primarily preoccupied with improving government and society. He was convinced that the problem with his current government and the current state of Chinese society was what he defined as a lacking of virtue or a lack of obedience to the rule of what was good. A truly good public servant, for instance, ?who on confronting danger is prepared to lay down his life, who on confronting gain concentrates on what is right, who when sacrificing concentrates on reverence, who when mourning concentrates on grief should definitely be all right,? as opposed to a self-interested or non-virtuous public servant, only interested in self-gratification. (19:1, Analects) The absence of good public servants in China had led to an absence of good governance."
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Comparison of Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome, 2004.
An examination and comparison of famous ancient Greek and Roman writers.
1,613 words (approx. 6.5 pages), 1 source, MLA, AU$ 76.95
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Abstract
The ideas, attitudes, and issues of Greek and Roman life can be compared by considering some of the major Greek and Roman writers and what their work focuses on. This consideration provides the details that allow their ideas to be compared and the problems they were focused on to be compared , as well as the characteristics of the societies they lived in. This consideration begins by describing the Greek writers Socrates, Plato, and Thucydides. This is followed by a consideration of the Roman writers Polybius, Suetonius, and Aurelius.
From the Paper
"Socrates was born in Greece in 469 B.C. and died in 399 B.C. Socrates writings are based on a philosophical approach and one of his major concerns was how to achieve virtue. This includes his statement that nobody every knowingly does wrong, and that any wrong action is a result of people not knowing enough to make the right decision. This thinking is based on a consideration of the nature of life for the individual, and is not concerned with more practical issues. Socrates also considered the natue of the state in some of his works and battled between wanting to accept the leadership of the state, and not believing that the state should have the ultimate power. In the end, Socrates decided that even when an individual is not treated justly, it is not justifiable for them to disobey the laws of the state. This represents a general belief in the system of government of the time."
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Heart?s Desire Printing and Design Co., 2004.
Investigates the changing nature of digital printing and how this applies to the future success of Heart?s Desire Printing and Design Co.
2,379 words (approx. 9.5 pages), 4 sources, APA, AU$ 105.95
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Abstract
In an effort to determine the steps Heart?s Desire Printing and Design Co. must take in order to remain viable and profitable in the competitive business printing marketplace, this paper investigates the rapidly changing nature of digital printing and info-imaging. The paper also studies the marketplace demand for expanding the digital info-imaging services and how the recently purchased $20,000 computer server and CRM software can be utilized to serve the company's customer base. Finally, the paper identifies a course of action that will lead the company toward successful utilization of its computer equipment, which, in turn, would enable Heart?s Printing and Design Co. to meet and service the growing sector of digital printing, imaging, and info-imaging.
From the Paper
"Heart?s Desire earned its place in the market through its innovative and personal designs, and its personalized customer service. While the Internet allows us to reach more potential clients, the need for personal contact and follow through is still the key for business growth and success. The new computer system is a tool toward that end. While some expected the purchase to ?instantly solve all our problems? and are becoming disillusioned with the purchase choice, shifting the focus of the company to using this investment as the means to reach an expanding and increasingly diverse customer base will create the synergism for the company to move foreword on an Internet enabled platform."
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Traditional Printing Industry, 2002.
Analyzes and compares three companies within the printing industry.
1,298 words (approx. 5.2 pages), 4 sources, MLA, AU$ 63.95
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Abstract
Although a total misnomer since there is no such thing in existence as the "traditional printing industry," several valid assumptions can be made concerning that group of companies that do business within the printing category. The paper shows that printing has become complex, not so much in terms of technology, but also in terms of workflow. The chances for success toward servicing a client's needs relies on the proper skills necessary to run a profitable business. The paper shows that printing business executives must be knowledgeable in business strategy, analyzing the business environment and how it changes, financial planning and the ability to capitalize and make sure they get an appropriate return on investments and marketing. Leading Printing companies are ushering in a new era of profit growth with three initiatives-- achieving scale and adopting a single-source strategy, expanding margins and consolidating. To illustrate the variety within "traditional industry", three companies are analyzed and compared in this paper - R.H. Donnelley, Qubecor and DNP Worldwide.
From the Paper
"All three players are competing for share advantage in a highly segmented market. Donnelley sees its primary marketing segments as spreading across some dozen businesses endeavors, ranging from pre press production through printing to distribution. Opting for a strong vertical integration, Donnelley affirms a belief in the use of EVA to enable it to add more market share by not trying to add market share."
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Printing and Culture, 2005.
This paper contends that the printing press had a profound influence on the shaping of European culture.
1,800 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 6 sources, AU$ 103.95
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Abstract
The paper maintains that the printing press greatly influenced the molding of European culture and national identity. The paper contends that the impact of the printing press extended beyond the world of the few who were able to afford and read printed texts. The paper stresses that while the development of the movable type printing press in Europe is widely acknowledged as one of the most significant achievements in Western civilization, few consider that the impact of the printing press extended far beyond the confines of the library or the marketplace of the bookseller.
From the Paper
"While the development of the movable type printing press in Europe is widely acknowledged as one of the most significant achievement in Western civilization, few consider that the impact of the printing press can extend far beyond the confines of the library or the marketplace of the bookseller. However, as this essay will argue, the printing press had a profound influence upon the shaping of European culture and national identity that extended beyond the world of those few who were able to afford and read printed texts."
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Printing Studies, 2005.
This paper explains the history and processes of silk screen, roller and block printing.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 4 sources, AU$ 77.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how the use of silkscreen, roller and block printing hold early historical evolutions in print design, which are invaluable to understanding how modern printers create their work. The paper explains how advances in technology have made these innovative forms essential to better communication (newspapers), as well as a far greater abundance of finely decorated textiles, which now clothe millions of people in the world. The paper highlights that although one may take textile and paper printing for granted, it is obvious these techniques have helped to advance humankind into developing beautiful and enduring images through their application.
From the Paper
"This print study will explain the historical and process orientated practices behind silk screening, roller printing and block printing. By analyzing how these printing techniques developed over the history of humankind, one can realize the various cultures that contributed to various aspects of design. By understanding how these forms were created, the explanation of their technique will be analyzed and described through the countries that forged innovations in the printing process. In early times, the humankind has sought many ways to help create prints that would create patterns on textiles or even natural fabrics created by tribes and civilizations. The first aspects of silk screening, which had become innovated have many various origins, but the Fiji Islands offers an example of how early peoples helped to create this process in its simplest forms."
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The Protestant Reformation and the Printing Press, 2004.
An analysis of the impact that the invention of the printing press had on the Protestant Reformation.
2,700 words (approx. 10.8 pages), 2 sources, MLA, AU$ 117.95
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Abstract
This paper argues the case that the Protestant Reformation was a consequence of the advent of the printing press and the mass circulation of books and pamphlets. While taking into consideration the wider social factors and the roles of the key protagonists, Desiderius Erasmus and Martin Luther, the paper on the show that the key events and accomplishments were dictated by the mechanics of the new medium of print, and this is because it was able to give expression to the rising wave of individualism.
From the Paper
"And of course there was the rising tide of intolerance and brutality wrought by the Church on the freethinkers. With the overturning of Aristotelianism new ideas began to flourish, mainly emerging from the great universities that has staked independence from the Church, like those in Paris and Oxford. As the Church became more and more corrupt and oppressive, the free thinkers rose up against it and one by one fell martyrs. The lengthening list of martyrs to the cause of free thought inflamed the revolutionary spirit of the masses. In particular the execution of Girolamo Savonarola in 1498 left bitter repercussions."
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The Printing Industry and Computers, 1992.
The impact of computer technology on printing, management, person-machine issues, newspapers, accounting, standardization, word processing and typesetting.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 6 sources, AU$ 69.95
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From the Paper
"The Impact of Computers on the Printing Industry
In recent years, the nature of the printing industry has been radically transformed by computer technology. This report will provide an overview of how evolving computer technology is affecting all aspects of printing and publishing. Computers are not new to the printing industry. Newspapers have been using computer typesetting for nearly 30 years. In that era, IBM mainframe computers created punched tape that controlled typesetting machines. And type was cast from molten lead (Cole, 1991, p. 57). Since then, technology has become more sophisticated and less expensive.
Traditionally, completed text and graphics were sent to a printer to be typeset and composed into finished pages for printing. The finished pages, called galleys, were proofread and..."
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Martin Guerre and History, 2005.
This paper discusses a film and print version of the story of Martin Guerre.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 3 sources, AU$ 46.95
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Abstract
In this article, a film and print version of the story of Martin Guerre are compared and contrasted. The writer contends that nearly all the themes in John Tosh's "The Pursuit of History" are contained in the 1982 French film and Natalie Davis' "The Return of Martin Guerre".
From the Paper
"Nearly all the themes in John Tosh's 'The Pursuit of History' are reflected directly or obliquely in a comparison of "The Return of Martin Guerre" by Natalie Zemon Davis and the French film "Le Retour de Martin Guerre". Apart from the fact that the historian Davis collaborated on the film script in question which gave it a far higher level of historical authenticity than is usually the case with historical dramas, an examination of how print and film media present an historical event in different ... "
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The Printing Industry's Challenges, 2007.
This paper researches the major challenges facing managers of UK commercial lithographic print companies.
5,108 words (approx. 20.4 pages), 8 sources, MLA, AU$ 187.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews literature relating to the issues faced by the printing industry in the UK, focusing on small and medium-size enterprizes (SMEs), in particular. The paper discusses the main challenge of technology and e-business services by showing how the drivers of this industry are e-business applications. The paper looks at how companies must prepare their employees with ICT skills training and employ ICT marketing tools that enable knowledge, information sharing, communication and integration with customers in today's highly networked and digitalized market.
Outline:
Objective
Introduction
New Tools in the Printing Industry
Policy Implications
Discussion
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Today's traditional lithographic print industry, specifically firms that are SMEs are facing new challenges, structural change and implementation of new system processes that must be accounted into the firms' future if the firm expects to compete in today's highly digitalized, networked business world. It was written by Horton (1997) in the work entitled: "The Death of Print - The Global, Digital and Virtual Onslaught on the Traditional Print Industry" that: "the traditional print industry - composed of noisy press, messy inks, hundreds of thousand of impressions, highly skilled craftsmen, and a fearsome independence, is merging with other possible versions of a print business - the computer output business, the design service business, the digital print business, the electronic communication business, the global information business, and the customized service business. As a result the print industry is undergoing a slow and often painful revolution, which will take it into the 21st century just as a part of the global information and communication industry." (Ibid)"
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Early Music Printing, 2008.
A review of the article "Music-Selling in Late Sixteenth-Century Florence: The Bookshop of Piero Di Giuliano Morosi" by Tim Carter.
755 words (approx. 3.0 pages), 2 sources, MLA, AU$ 38.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the article "Music-Selling in Late Sixteenth-Century Florence: The Bookshop of Piero Di Giuliano Morosi", which provides insight into the business of music printing and selling. The paper looks at Carter's analysis of Morosi's bookshop and how it sheds light on the history of music selling.
From the Paper
"I chose the article "Music-Selling in Late Sixteenth-Century Florence: The Bookshop of Piero Di Giuliano Morosi" for my fifth literature report because I was very interested in early music printing when this information was lectured on during our early music class. While Professor MacNeil was lecturing on this topic, I was intrigued and very interested in learning more about the history of music printing and I thought this would be a great way to do it. The development of music printing was one of the most important technological developments because of the ability to record music for history and to spread musical ideas between many people. Through this article, I believe that my knowledge of early music printing and selling will be further developed."
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Influences of Ancient Egyptian Art on Ancient Greek Art, 2005.
A paper on how Egyptian art influenced Greek artists.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 5 sources, MLA, AU$ 69.95
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Abstract
This paper provides a discussion of the long tradition of the influence of ancient Egyptian art on ancient Greek artists. The paper looks at how the art of both are affected by their societies' world views. The paper discusses the primary functions of Egyptian art and the different style of Greek art, particularly in relation to depiction of figures.
From the Paper
"This paper compares ancient Egyptian art with ancient Greek art and considers the ways in which the Greeks were influenced by Egyptian art. Egypt established a long and enduring artistic tradition. Greek art drew heavily on that background, using many of the same kinds of subjects and incorporating many similar symbols but then reinterpreted them through very different eyes and a strikingly different cultural perception. Both visions continue to have a profound impact on artists in modern cultures from their representation of everyday life to the varied..."
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