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Hands-On Manipulative in School, 2007. An exploration of the use of the hands-on manipulatives in the middle school math classroom 3,876 words (approx. 15.5 pages), 25 sources, MLA, AU$ 155.95 »
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Abstract This paper reviews findings in literature stating that hands-on manipulatives are effective in the middle school mathematics classroom. The paper then reports that the findings are of limitations in the use of manipulatives and, specifically, in the misuse of the manipulatives in the classroom. The paper further emphasizes that teachers must be well-educated and trained in the use of manipulatives, whether concrete material or virtual manipulatives for use on the computer and the Web. The paper concludes that it is clear that the use of manipulatives in mathematical instruction and learning in combination with cooperative learning is the best practice for instructional methods in today's mathematics classroom.
Outline:
Objective
Introduction
Historical Perspective
Theories
Research Studies
Virtual Manipulatives
Limitations
Static and Dynamic
Algebra Manipulatives
Summary
From the Paper "The slide-rule is a manipulative that was used in early education in providing students with a hands-on application in mathematics. Hands-on manipulatives such as blocks, rods, bean sticks and other manipulatives have been historically used in the math classroom as an aid in teaching mathematics. The work of Clements (1999) entitled; 'Concrete Manipulatives, Concrete Ideas" published in the Journal of Contemporary Issues in Early Childhood states that: "The notion of 'concrete' from concrete manipulatives to pedagogical sequences such as 'concrete to abstract' is embedded in educational theories, research and practice, especially in mathematics education."
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Hand in Hand They Taste the Fruits of Being Human, 2001. An analysis of Milton's use of imagery in "Paradise Lost" 4,920 words (approx. 19.7 pages), 4 sources, AU$ 182.95
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Hands-On Learning, 2007. This paper describes a teacher's plan to introduce hands-on learning into the science curriculum. 2,054 words (approx. 8.2 pages), 8 sources, MLA, AU$ 94.95 »
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Abstract The paper explains that hands-on learning is being involved with in-depth investigations about objects, materials, phenomena and concepts and interpreting meaning and understanding from these experiences. The paper discusses how hands-on learning incorporates more discovery type of learning and less pencil and paper education. The author describes how he/she plans to incorporate hands on learning into his/her science curriculum.
From the Paper "The concept of hands-on learning stems back to early education philosophy. In the early 1800s, Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi argued that rather than dealing with words, students should learn through activity and things. They need to be free to follow their own interests and draw their own conclusions. He put a strong focus on the child's spontaneity and self-activity. Teachers should not give students ready-made answers, but have them locate the answers themselves. In order to do this, it is necessary to cultivate and encourage their powers of seeing, judging and reasoning (Silber, 1965, p.140). The goal is to educate the entire child-- hands, heart and head."
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Hands in "The Piano"., 2004. An essay that explores the symbolic significance of hands in Jane Campion's "The Piano". 880 words (approx. 3.5 pages), 1 source, MLA, AU$ 46.95 »
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Abstract A brief discussion of how the visual of hands are used throughout Campion's film, and what they represent for the storyline and the characters.
From the Paper "Scene two begins with a close-up shot of many hands waving in the air, reaching for the sky, this is merely a foretaste of what is one of the principle elements within the film, The Piano. The symbolic use of hands throughout the film is significant and expresses some of the key themes in the film including expression and communication, as well as being essential in helping the audience understand Ada?s character. The development of hands as an important symbol and as a vital constituent of Ada herself also helps to build a more devastating climax as it makes the severing of Ada?s finger a much more shocking and unforgivable act."
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"Hands" by Sherwood Anderson, 2006. This paper focuses on the short story "Hands" that appears in Sherwood Anderson's collection titled "Winesburg, Ohio." 1,035 words (approx. 4.1 pages), 1 source, APA, AU$ 53.95 »
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Abstract This paper examines and reviews the imagery in Sherwood Anderson's short story "Hands," which offers a glimpse of small town life in America's Midwest. The writer of this also paper discusses and details the plot of the novel and the main character Wing Biddlebaum, who's described by Anderson as a poor little man, beaten, pounded and frightened by the world.
From the Paper "One can tell from the imagery beginning with the decaying porch, that there was not much use fixing the place up. It was home, for whatever it looked like, to this nervous little bald man. Winesburg surely had, as most small Midwestern towns did, a sort of pecking order. There were the affluent, with fertile fields, or grain and feed stores, bankers and other businessmen who foreclosed loans and sold over-priced goods to their regular customers, while winning them over with the smiles."
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"Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God", 2006. How the concept of guilt operates in the sermon "Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God" by Jonathan Edwards. 889 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 2 sources, MLA, AU$ 46.95 »
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Abstract This paper breaks down the elements of Edwards' sermon in order to identify the emotional appeal to the audience. This essay focuses specifically on the guilt that Edwards was thrusting upon his audience. There are several supporting quotes from the text properly cited in MLA format.
From the Paper "I Fell Into A Burning Ring Of Fire / I Went Down, Down, Down / And The Flames Went Higher" - Johnny Cash (Johnny Cash - Ring of Fire Lyrics) ohnny Cash was singing about love and not hell in the song Ring of Fire. However, the visual imagery of falling into a ring of fire, while the flames rise in anticipation, is quite powerful. People that have truly experienced love, tragic love especially, can relate to exactly what he is expressing. Although not an entertainer in the mold of the "man in black", Jonathan Edwards was also adept at painting a mental picture with words. Edwards gives a visual outline about the concept he is discussing. As a result, the audience members each construct a different mental image based on their individual frame of reference. The representation of hell in the mind of an audience member was proportionately intensified by the guilt they felt about their sins. Jonathan Edwards utilizes the concept of guilt as a means of complementing the visual imagery in his sermon, Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God."
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Social Pollution in "New Year's Sacrifice" and "Hands.", 2006. In this paper the two authors, Lu Xun and Xiao Hong, treat the subject of social stigma, isolation, and social hygiene similarly. 1,543 words (approx. 6.2 pages), 0 sources, AU$ 73.95 »
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Abstract In both stories, the protagonist is a female and both women are ostracized from their peers and their community. The paper explains how pollution is portrayed by both authors as being socially defined. Hsiang Lin's Wife of "New Year's Sacrifice" is polluted for no reason other than her socially unacceptable past, whilst Wang Ya-Ming of "Hands" is polluted not only because her hands are dark and different but also because she is very poor. The paper shows how in both stories those who do not or cannot conform suffer dearly. The paper therefore details how Hsiang Lin's Wife and Wang Ya-Ming were ostracised and as a result became ill and weak. Both "New Year's Sacrifice" and "Hands" show how norms can severely affect people who are different, or people who step outside the boundaries of the social code.
From the Paper "The fear of pollution is a recurrent theme in both Lu Xun's "New Year's Sacrifice" and Xiao Hong's "Hands." The two authors treat the subject of social stigma, isolation, and social hygiene similarly. In both stories, the protagonist is a female: in a sense, she is already born polluted. Although Hsiang Lin's Wife is older than Wang Ya-Ming, both women are ostracized from their peers and their community. Hsiang Lin's Wife of "New Year's Sacrifice" is shunned and scorned because of her socially unacceptable past. Twice a widow, her boy child died from a wolf attack. Hsiang Lin's Wife is therefore viewed by the people of Luchen as being dangerous as well as spiritually dirty. Lu Xun describes her symbolic pollution through the use of color contrasts, namely whiteness versus blackness. Similarly, Xiao Hong relies heavily on color symbolism to convey the central theme of social pollution in "Hands." The story's protagonist Wang Ya-Ming and her family members have black hands. Furthermore, both authors show how poverty and pollution are closely linked, as Wang Ya-Ming and Hsiang Lin's Wife are both destitute. Lu Xun and Xiao Hong show that social persecution causes loneliness and illness. At the same time, the polluted characters in the two stories retain a sense of inner strength in spite of their ordeals."
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Wash Your Hands!, 2008. This paper discusses the implementation of an effective hand-washing hygiene program in schools. 2,451 words (approx. 9.8 pages), 6 sources, MLA, AU$ 108.95 »
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Abstract The paper discusses the spread of methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) skin infections, influenza and the common cold that can be inhibited by proper hand-washing habits of school students. The paper describes a potential hand-washing campaign that actively involves the children themselves. The paper emphasizes that the students, with the help of the teachers, must direct the effort, because they have the most to gain and lose from the results of the program.
From the Paper "Mother was right, you should 'wash your hands!' to prevent the spread of disease! Once upon a time, encouraging children to wash their hands in school before eating or after using the bathroom was seen as a way to instill good manners in young people. Now, however, proper hand-washing can be a matter of life and death for students and educators. Approximately 1/5 of the U.S. population attends or works in school on a full or part-time basis. This means that it is essential for the health of the public as well as students and educators that proper hygiene is practiced and the risk of communicable epidemics are minimized ("Seasonal Flu Information for Schools &Childcare Providers, CDC, 2008)."
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Helping Hands, 2002. This paper discusses voluntarism in America. 4,520 words (approx. 18.1 pages), 11 sources, MLA, AU$ 171.95 »
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Abstract This paper explores the past, present, and future role of voluntarism in America, as well as answer the questions of who volunteers and why.
From the Paper "The subject of voluntarism in America has been a favorite of social scientists for almost as long as there has been an America. In the 1830's, following an extended visit to the newly formed country, Frenchman Alexis de Tocqueville remarked: Americans of all ages, all conditions, and all dispositions constantly form associations. They have not only commercial and manufacturing companies, in which all take part, but associations of a thousand other kinds, religious, moral, serious, futile, general or restricted, enormous or diminutive. The Americans make associations to give entertainments, to found seminaries, to build inns, to construct churches, to diffuse books, to send missionaries to the antipodes; in this manner they found hospitals, prisons, and schools. If it is proposed to inculcate some truth or to foster some feeling by the encouragement of a great example, they form a society. Wherever at the head of some great undertaking you see the government in France, or man of rank in England, in the United States you will be sure to find an association (Hawks, 4).
Echoing Tocqueville's sentiments, James Bryce of Britain said in 1890:
Associations are created, extended, and worked in the United States more… effectively than in any other country (Skocpol, Ganz, & Munson, 528).
"Even today, voluntarism in America continues to be a major topic of study for sociologists. The body of research literature covers a variety of broad topics. Some researchers have chosen to focus on the macro-level, creating comparative studies of voluntarism worldwide. Other studies attempt to assess the impact of voluntarism at the local and national levels, focusing on the impact of voluntarism on community, democracy, and economics. Some research focuses on defining and analyzing the volunteers themselves: what defines the "prototypical volunteer", which spiritual and socioeconomic factors influence them, which personality traits are common to volunteers, and how voluntary services impacts their lives. These are all topics of major importance as the voluntary organizations' role in the community evolves over time. Originally created to meet the social needs that the government was not organized to provide, volunteer organizations today occupy the supporting role to the government's administration of welfare. Like most things, however, the pendulum is swinging back again. As more and more Americans decry "Big Government", "Big Government" is responding with such platitudes as "a thousand points of light" to encourage Americans to get back into the business of caring for one another. A call to voluntarism sounds like a good thing on the surface, but it raises more questions than answers for sociologists. This report will attempt to explore the past, present, and future role of voluntarism in America, as well as answer the questions of who volunteers and why."
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The Outstretched Hand of Peace, the Outstretched Hand of War, 2002. A discussion of cooperation, capitulation and rebellion in Native American relations with the American Federal Government. 1,249 words (approx. 5.0 pages), 1 source, MLA, AU$ 62.95 »
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Abstract This paper examines how the modern history of the Native American nation and the history of the federal government of the United States has proceeded through several distinct phases over the course of the latter 20th century. It analyzes how this sweep of Native American history in the United States can primarily be characterized by periods of acclimation, peaceful acknowledgement and even acceptance of some of the benefits of white culture, followed rebellion and anger at broken promises. It evaluates how Native Americans have sought peace or a form of mutual stasis with whites, but encroachment into Native territories has resulted in resistance and war. It looks at how today, objectives of independence have been achieved, but the effects of oppression in the form of personal desperation and addiction remain.
From the Paper "For instance, during World War II, many Native Americans were extremely helpful to the United States government in the war effort. One of the most notable manifestations of this was the Navajo use of their native language as a code for the military, which the Japanese army never managed to break. hus Native Americans participated in the war effort in a vital and active fashion, despite their separation from mainstream American culture. Yet after the war, the Native American contribution to the survival of the United States was not recognized. In a way somewhat parallel to African Americans, military and political personnel recognized the Native American contribution to the war effort in the form of medals and verbal acknowledgement."
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The Prohibition: Morality in the Hands of the Government, 2001. A look at the history of the government and the prohibitions introduced. 2,360 words (approx. 9.4 pages), 7 sources, MLA, AU$ 105.95 »
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Abstract This paper provides the history of the Prohibition and examines the reasons for its failure. Includes descriptions of both the ?wets? and the ?drys?, and also looks into various ways in which people cheated the government during this period in history.
From the Paper "Throughout American history, alcohol has been associated with corruption, immorality, and disrespect for God. People have preached about the evils of drink since Puritan times, eventually igniting the Temperance Movement of the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries (McWilliams 1). Temperance did not become a political movement, however, until after the Civil War, with the establishment of the ?Women?s War,? a group of middle-class wives and mothers who marched around churches and saloons demanding that alcohol be made illegal, and the Anti-Saloon League, or the ASL (Kleist 3). Formed in 1893, the Anti-Saloon League was the first politically focused temperance movement (Harris 73). With an ultimate goal of national prohibition, the ASL supported candidates who encouraged prohibition and moved for states and individual cities to vote themselves dry before the entire country did (73)."
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The Hands of Fate in Shakespeare's "Romeo and Juliet", 2002. How the society, state and family of Romeo and Juliet keep the star-crossed lovers apart. 1,373 words (approx. 5.5 pages), 1 source, MLA, AU$ 66.95 »
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Abstract The paper explores how several factors (society, state and family) create insurmountable obstacles for the love of Romeo and Juliet. The focus is on a particular scene (act 3 scene 1), which the author feels is a turning point, or a point of no return for Romeo and Juliet.
From the Paper "From the start, the audience knows that Romeo and Juliet are star-crossed lovers, doomed to be separated by fate. Even so, there are many moments of hope where it seems like they just might be able to overcome all the difficulties they face. Act 3 scene 1 seems to crush this hope and seal the fate of the lovers. This scene is a turning point in the play where the influence of social institutions directs the tragic fate of Romeo and Juliet by creating insurmountable obstacles for their love. Their fate becomes inescapable when in this scene Romeo and Juliet?s society, state and family create the circumstances that keep the lovers from being together."
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Manipulatives, 2007. This paper researches the use of manipulatives in the field of mathematics. 3,446 words (approx. 13.8 pages), 37 sources, MLA, AU$ 142.95 »
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Abstract In this article, the writer researches hands-on manipulatives use in mathematics. This work explores the historical perspective, the effects on education and the supporting theories. In addition, the writer looks at what research has been thus far conducted. Finally, this work researches the special benefits of using algebra tiles. The writer maintains that it is significant to note that algebraic functions are mathematical processes involving abstract or symbolic representation. The writer concludes that it is quite difficult for the beginning algebra student to conceptualize the processes and functions of algebra; however, the use of manipulatives has been shown to assist in this area, making their use in algebra instruction particularly effective in classroom instruction.
Outline:
Objective
Introduction
What are Math Manipulatives?
Why Use Math Manipulatives?
How Should a Teacher Use Math Munipulatives?
Summary
What
Why
How
From the Paper "Today's mathematics teacher has many resources that are available in assisting the development of appropriate curricula that meets the content standards of the NCTM. Not only are standard tools available but the Internet also offers several web-based learning activities that assist mathematics learning and instruction. Before this development, the teacher often would contact businesses in the community in order to obtain 'real-world' manipulatives for use in the classroom. The work of Shield holds that web-based tools motivate students in learning mathematics content but also the delivery of the information is interesting to the student."
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Manipulation in "Macbeth", 2004. An analysis of the evidence of manipulation between individuals and the supernatural in William Shakespeare's "Macbeth." 2,009 words (approx. 8.0 pages), 2 sources, MLA, AU$ 92.95 »
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Abstract This paper discusses the evidence of manipulation in William Shakespeare's play, "Macbeth." It investigates this manipulation at both a supernatural level and a human one. It discusses who manipulates whom and how and then takes into consideration the consequences that it entails. Finally, the paper discusses to what extent manipulation can be considered as a key to the whole play.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Body
Manipulation
Supernatural manipulation
Manipulation at a human level
Lady Macbeth:
Macbeth - from manipulated to manipulator
The rhetoric of manipulation
The consequences of manipulation
At the level of events
At the level of the individual
Conclusion
From the Paper "According to the Concise Oxford Dictionary, "manipulation", from manipulate (manus) can be defined as "to manage persons by dextrous (esp. unfair) use of influence". Hence, it can be considered as a form of influence exerted upon someone, in order to obtain something or to change someone's behaviour for a given purpose. As a consequence, manipulation involves a certain form of persuasion, even domination; it is then a basic political principle. Macbeth can be defined as the tragedy of usurped power insofar as Macbeth, the hero, transgresses the natural order to fulfil his personal ambition. To achieve his goal, he does not hesitate to manipulate the natural course of history by killing Duncan. The murder of the rightful king is inevitably followed by many others until Macbeth's tyranny is fully established in the realm. Yet, if the political dimension of the tragedy must not be overlooked, Macbeth is also and above all the tragedy of a man who chooses evil instead of good to satisfy his mad passion. In other words, politics and metaphysics are closely linked in the play. Thus, because of its very specificity, manipulation in Macbeth must be investigated at different levels, at a supernatural level, then at a human one (The first question to ask is who manipulates whom and how (i.e. rhetoric of manipulation)? Then we must take into consideration the consequences that it entails. At last, to what extent can manipulation be considered as a key to the whole play, and what conclusion can we derive from this?"
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Prayer in School, 2006. An overview of school prayer and an exploration of whether a constitutional amendment is necessary. 1,502 words (approx. 6.0 pages), 9 sources, MLA, AU$ 72.95 »
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Abstract The writer explains that the issue of school prayer is not one of religious freedom, as it is already legal for children to pray in school, either individually or in groups. The paper explains that to forbid this prayer would violate both freedom of speech and religion. The paper explains that, despite this fact, there are factions that wish to instate specific, or mandated prayer in public schools. The paper explores whether it is necessary to modify the constitution to secure a very basic right that is already protected. In conclusion, the writer expresses the opinion that no constitutional amendment is necessary to protect the right of children to pray in school. The writer feels that people of faith should consider that the personal issue of prayer, when manipulated by government, can lead to dangerous consequences, including exclusion, ostracization and even violence. The writer states the belief that the right of teaching children the basic truths of each child's chosen religion should be reserved for the parents and that a constitutional amendment would turn this right over to the government.
Table of Contents:
To Restore State-Written Prayers
Allow Group Prayers in the Public Schools
Allow for Voluntary Prayer
Works Cited
From the Paper "The fate of a school prayer-religious liberties amendment has always rested in the hands of the Congress. And yes, there are those who will always campaign hard against this issue. There will be warnings that the argument for school prayer is limited to the extreme religious right and that to be associated with the issue would hurt those looking for re-election or that school prayer is too politically divisive and should be left alone. Even more strongly, there will be those that will argue that the issue is simply un-American since it would undermine the constitutional guarantee of separation of church and state. The rhetoric will always flow hard and freely on this issue."
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Media Manipulation, 2006. A review of media manipulation, focusing on the various methods of manipulation. 2,145 words (approx. 8.6 pages), 7 sources, MLA, AU$ 98.95 »
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Abstract This paper reviews and reports the opinions of experts and journalists who have analyzed the issue of media manipulation of the news. This is not a paper that is predicting a "big brother" conspiracy that is trying to take over America or brainwash all the TV-watching, Internet surfing and newspaper-reading citizens. But there are many issues that the average American should be aware of when trying to read, hear, watch and digest "news" as presented by the media today, and this paper addresses those concerns.
From the Paper "It's very clear from reading through research material on today's media that most Americans get their evening news through half-hour TV programs specializing in dramatic, entertaining video and "sound bites" from politicians, entertainers, and the "man in the street."
Those news shows - from cable, local, and network productions - are often more concerned with ratings (which drive the profitability of television) than with full coverage. That is not a positive trend in American life, and this paper addresses that dynamic as well.
The significance of media manipulation can be seen even more dramatically with a look back at the way television journalism was presented to the public in the recent past. Reporters had guts, and went after government; that is depicted in a new movie, "Good Night and Good Luck," written and directed by actor George Clooney. The movie features the professional life of former CBS television interviewer, Edward R. Murrow, who boldly took on U.S. Senator Joe McCarthy at a time when McCarthy was attacking many well-known people with baseless accusations that they were "communists." An article in the Los Angeles Times (Goldstein, 2005) refers to Murrow as "a real hero" who, like other journalists in his era, "once pursued greatness, not just ratings and ad linage."
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