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Growth and Modernization in Developing Countries, 2006.
This paper examines the methods and strategies used in developing and modernizing poor and underprivileged countries post-WWII and up to the 1960s.
2,404 words (approx. 9.6 pages), 10 sources, MLA, AU$ 107.95
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Abstract
The writer of this paper discusses the basic tools needed for the economic development of poor and underprivileged countries which include: Capital accumulation, industrialization, foreign aid and development planning. This paper focuses on the years after WWII and up to the 1960s and the economic problems facing poor and under-developed countries. After WWII these countries could not rely on international trade. The less developed countries needed substantial capital and resources to start the industrialization process which would result in more jobs and an increase in productivity which in turn would increase the income of the working class citizen. The writer of this paper discusses the methods and strategies that were utilized to increase productivity in various Latin-American countries. This paper also touches on the World Bank's involvement in assisting these same countries while committing to end poverty and social injustice.
Outline:
Theories of Growth and Modernization
Structuralist Theories
Critique of the Growth and Modernization Models
A Shift to Basic Needs Approach
Bibliography
From the Paper
"The Latin American experience with import substitution together with the fact that a large segment of the population did not get sizable benefits from the growth in the modern industrial sector and the limitation imposed by the domestic market led structuralists to adjust their approach beginning in the 1980's. Among the adjustments were: emphasis on developing the entrepreneurial class to lead in the export thrust without abandoning their basic proposition that development must come from within; redefine the role of the state by deemphasizing control-centered interventions in favor of a more facilitating kind."
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Developing Countries and High Economic Growth, 2004.
A case study that explores why some developing countries reach higher economic growth than others.
4,294 words (approx. 17.2 pages), 14 sources, MLA, AU$ 197.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the elements that determine why some developing countries have managed to achieve higher rates of economic growth in the post-Second World War period while others have stagnated in comparison. The paper tests several theoretical frameworks and models developed in order to see if these can explain the differences, and if not, why not.
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Developing Countries, 2006.
A discussion on how free trade reduces poverty in developing countries.
2,265 words (approx. 9.1 pages), 22 sources, APA, AU$ 102.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how advances in technology have figuratively shrunk the world, linking all four corners of the globe and facilitating global relationships. The writer examines how, despite the challenges of insensitive development of globalized free trade, in general, the positive benefits of this policy far outweigh the disadvantages. The paper notes that globalization has brought rapid prosperity to many developing countries and that because of the liberalization of free trade policies, poverty levels have fallen dramatically in many developing countries. The paper concludes that because of this economic growth, millennium development goals are on track for many countries, with a hope of reducing the world's poor to approximately 600 million, by the year 2015.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Global Overview of Poverty Statistics
Economic Performance and the Reduction of Poverty
Malaysia
China
El Salvador
Challenges to Globalization as a Reducer of Poverty: Free Trade and the Rice Sector
Other Challenges to Globalization: Higher Unemployment Rates
Doha Development Round: The Future of Economic Development in the War Against Global Poverty
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Ten countries, with agricultural export potential, were analyzed in a WTO commissioned research study. In the study, East Asia and Europe were identified as leading winners to trade reform in both the short and the long-term. "In Brazil, liberalization would drive rapid poverty reduction by prompting increased agricultural production and employment in regions with relatively higher poverty incidence, while in China, the poor would gain as exports would increase to agricultural markets in East Asia that are highly protected at the present" ("Poverty & the WTO", 2005)."
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Economic Development Strategies of Developing Countries, 2002.
An examination of the economic and political results of the adoption of one of 3 different strategies: Structuralism, Neoliberalism, Marxism.
1,575 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 7 sources, AU$ 80.95
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Abstract
Examines economic & polotical results of adoption of one of 3 different strategies: Structuralism, Neoliberalism, Marxism. Focus on 3 countries: Cuba, Argentina, Chile. Describes the 3 strategy thories & how the 3 countries under consideration used them regarding economic growth & reduction of economic inequalities. Problems & outcomes.
From the Paper
"Since World War II, developing countries in the South have been provided with the option of adopting one of three different economic development strategies: structuralism, neoliberalism, and Marxism. The purpose of this essay is to examine the economic and political results engendered by each approach and to determine what these results suggest for future economic policy choices in the region. Three countries lend themselves to this analysis. Cuba, particularly since the overthrow of the Batista regime and the establishment of Castro's Marxist government, has pursued economic development along Marxist lines (Perez-Lopez, 1997). In Argentina, a structuralist economic order under Juan Peron gave way to a neoliberalist orientation (Smith, 1991). In Chile, a neoliberal experiment between 1974 and 1990 took place and this experiment has led to structural change in the national economy..."
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Climate Change and Developing Countries, 2008.
This paper explores the impact of climate change on the development of Third World countries.
2,032 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 9 sources, APA, AU$ 94.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how climate change will impact the development of under-developed lands that figure to be (and already are) hardest hit by changes in the natural environment. In particular, the paper looks at how the development projects already in place in the developing world (or those now being conceived) will shortly - if not already - find themselves the targets of new, restrictive regulations aimed at cutting down runaway greenhouse gas emissions. Furthermore, the paper looks at the human toll caused by climate change and how this injures the growth and development of Third World nations. In addition, the paper examines the role climate change plays in depleting natural resources - chiefly water - that fuel important economic activities in lands that can scarcely be without these activities. The paper also looks at how the local tourist sectors of these countries will suffer (are surely suffering already) as biologically diverse locales decline in the face of relentless global change. Last of all, climate change as a precipitator of foreign control over the economic policies of developing states is discussed with a focus upon how climate change has wrestled control for many economic initiatives out of the hand of Third World countries and placed that control firmly in the hands of international regulatory bodies dominated by western elites.
From the Paper
"Climate change means trouble for impoverished "Global South" nations in a host of other ways, as well. A study recently concluded by the World Health Organization insists that climatic changes unfolding since the middle 1970s could be causing (at this very moment) nearly 150,000 annual deaths in the developing world and approximately five million "disability-adjusted life-years" (DALY) in that part of the world, as well. In short, climate-instigated diseases and "heat-related morbidity" are both seen (at least by the WHO) as heavily impacting the developing world even though the developing world is hardly culpable for man-made global warming (Patz, 2006; for a slightly more recent study that affixes a greater responsibility for global climate change to developing lands, please see Raupach, 2007)."
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Deforestation in Developing Countries, 1999.
This paper discusses the causes of deforestation in developing countries and outlines ways in which they might be countered.
1,790 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 6 sources, MLA, AU$ 83.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the different types of deforestation and their causes, and suggests various areas in which possible solutions may be found. Both tropical deforestation and dry forest clearing are addressed. Increased population growth, agribusiness, cattle ranching, and small-scale farming and wood collecting are among the reasons given for destruction of forests. Proposed solutions include a discussion of preservation policies, greater economic use of forests currently destroyed, and 'tolerant forest management'.
From the Paper
"The deforestation of vegetation has been carried out for millennia, in all parts of the world inhabited by man. But in recent decades, with the growth of ?green? issues in general, great concern has been raised about deforestation and it?s causes, especially in developing countries, which do not safeguard their forests in the way the west usually does. The term deforestation is vague, which makes it difficult to define, record and make comparisons. But deforestation can generally be divided into two broad categories. These are tropical deforestation (the clearing of dense rainforests, usually for agricultural purposes) and dry forest clearing (where trees are generally cut for firewood (Todaro: 1997). We shall look here at the causes of deforestation in developing countries in all it?s forms, and then hopefully outline possible solutions to the apparent destruction caused to the bio-diversity of plants and animals, and environmental stability. "
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Growth and Modernization Models.
An analysis of the economic development in the developing countries from 1945 to the 1960s.
2,400 words (approx. 9.6 pages), 9 sources, MLA, AU$ 107.95
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Abstract
This paper studies the meaning and purpose of development for the third world during the period of 1945 to the 1960s. The paper begins with a review of various theories of growth and modernization, which all focused on the lack of capital infusion. Next the paper assesses structuralist theory, which saw industrialization as the principle path to modernization. This, too, was being hampered by a lack of capital. The paper then critiques both of these models, before turning to a review of the basic needs approach.
From the Paper
"Martinuusen discussed the structuralist model based on the works of Latin American structuralists and Gunnar Myrdal, an author of vast sphere but whose basic proposition coincides with those of the classical structuralists. According to Martinussen (1997) the structuralists regard industrialization as the principal path to development. Celso Furtado and Oswaldo Sunkel (cf. Furtado, 1965) cited by Martinuusen (1997, 74) asserted that development can be achieved with industrial growth and the subsequent absorption of the workforce in the manufacturing sector. This is something which the structuralists share with Lewis though they (the structuralists ) further argued for increasing wages in the modern sector in order to achieve increased purchasing power for the domestic market. Industrialization, however is hampered by lack of capital which could be attributed to at least two reasons."
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Making People Count: Church Growth in Modern Times, 2006.
A discussion regarding the Christian Church and it's success strategy.
4,500 words (approx. 18.0 pages), 10 sources, AU$ 259.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how in Chapter 2 of the Book of Acts the apostles are confronted with the mission of growing a flock of faithful that will serve and spread the word of God. The evolution of this process was founded in a devotion to the Lord and the willingness of those souls present to focus their lives on their new association with Christianity. The paper further discusses how throughout time, church leaders have made attempts to increase the size of their congregations using a variety of methods, many of which have been based on greed rather than a focus on God. Other methods have received worldwide acclaim for their business approach to religious organization and their focus on building a congregation far beyond the realm of the local community.
From the Paper
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Growth and Development Theories, 2006.
A commentary on the discussions and readings on the growth and modernization models of developing countries from World War II through the 1960s.
2,372 words (approx. 9.5 pages), 10 sources, MLA, AU$ 105.95
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Abstract
The paper analyzes various theories of growth and modernization and finds that they share a prognosis that lack of capital is a critical element. The paper gives several reasons for this lack. The paper reviews the history of different growth and modernization models, focusing on Asian economies. It compares the structuralist and substantivist schools' approaches to development and examines the dependency theory in the context of the Philippine economy. The paper concludes with the contemporary evaluation of economic development, the Human Development Index, first released by the United Nations Development Program in 1990, noting that the HDI much better measures the problems of poverty and ignorance.
Table of Contents:
Theories of Growth and Modernization
Structuralist Theories
Critique of the Growth and Modernization Models
A Shift to Basic Needs Approach
Bibliography
From the Paper
"The Latin American experience with import substitution together with the fact that a large segment of the population did not get sizable benefits from the growth in the modern industrial sector and the limitation imposed by the domestic market led structuralists to adjust their approach beginning in the 1980's. Among the adjustments were: emphasis on developing the entrepreneurial class to lead in the export thrust without abandoning their basic proposition that development must come from within; redefine the role of the state by deemphasizing control-centered interventions in favor of a more facilitating kind."
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Rapid Population Growth in Underdeveloped Countries, 1996.
Studies effects of rapid population growth in urban areas in underdeveloped countries. Focus is on Indonesia & other southeast Asian countries.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 8 sources, AU$ 69.95
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From the Paper
"Statistical evidence gathered by the World Bank indicates that Indonesia, along with other low and middle income South East Asian countries, is experiencing a steadily expanding population. The World Development Report calculates that Indonesia's population as of 1995 was just over 178 million (World Development Report, 1992, 218).
The average rate of population growth for Indonesia between 1980 and 1990 was 1.8 percent. Between 1990 and the year 2000, this percentage is projected to be 1.6 (World Development Report, 1992, 268). By comparison, Cambodia's percent of population growth in the same time periods are 2.6 and 1.9 percent. Cambodia's present population is calculated at 8.5 million...."
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Architecture: Modernism, Pre-Modernism and Post-Modernism, 2002.
A discussion of the different movements - pre-modernism, modernism and post-modernism - in architectural history and how each one differs from the other.
2,550 words (approx. 10.2 pages), 10 sources, MLA, AU$ 112.95
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Abstract
A paper which discusses the different movements in architectural history and compares the differences between them. The paper shows how among these movements, modernism is the most popular and how it has influenced art and architecture in the United States and Europe. It shows, on the other hand, that pre-modernism is a less popular era in which architecture was influenced by the industrial age and its need for order and precision, and that Post-modernism was the movement that followed modernism and contains elements of both classicism and modernism.
From the Paper
"During the modernism movement, architects started using steel and iron more in their designs and they also started focusing on functional designs. Apart from the use of steel and iron, concrete was also brought back to the architectural world. It is important to know here that concrete is one thing that sets late 19th century buildings from pre-modernism architectural designs. While concrete was first used by the Romans in 5 B.C., it was later taken over by other materials such as marble, stone, brick etc. Modernists are responsible for the revival of concrete in architecture."
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Asian Growth and Development, 2005.
An examination of the phenomenal economic growth experienced by Asian countries.
1,840 words (approx. 7.4 pages), 10 sources, MLA, AU$ 92.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the phenomenal economic growth experienced by Asian countries in the bubble economy, which subsequently sustained a "bust" in 1997, and proposes a model of progress derived from their experience that can be applied to other developing nations.
From the Paper
"The growth and development of Asian countries in the past years, has in some cases resulted in miracle economies where countries experienced exceptional economic growth within a relatively short period of time. These ..."
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Financial Development and Economic Growth, 2002.
This paper examines the financial development of the Italian economy and measures its effects on its economic growth and compares it to the U.S. financial market.
2,510 words (approx. 10.0 pages), 3 sources, APA, AU$ 111.95
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Abstract
The following paper compares the GDP growth rates of Italy and the U.S. measures the level of financial development made by both the markets. Finally it examines whether the economy making higher growth with respect to financial development has made higher economic growth. The reason for choosing the Italian economy for comparison is that it is a lesser developed financial market as compared to the United States.
From the Paper
?There has been a lot of research already done on the issue of identifying a relationship between financial development and economic growth. The questions like does financial development spurs economic growth? To what extent does higher growth induce a reduction in the incidence of poverty? What can financial development contribute in reducing poverty? are continuously part of the economists debate. Generally it is believed that Economic growth is simply the result of refraining from current consumption. Within an economy, there are two general types of commodities. One are the consumption goods and the others are the capital goods. The consumption goods are for the purpose of general consumers use while capital goods are used for production of other commodities. When in an economy there is a lesser consumption of consumption goods by the households, a considerable part of the income is not spent and the result is in the form of positive net savings.?
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Growth and Development in Mozambique, 2006.
An examination of the current situation and possibilities for development in Mozambique.
2,243 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 8 sources, MLA, AU$ 101.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the current situation Mozambique and the potential for growth in this developing nation. Several aspect of Mozambique are presented and analyzed. These involve the country's potential for becoming more economically independent. The major issues facing the population are discussed, such as health, education and employment. The author concludes that although Mozambique is still developing there is great potential for an economically independent nation.
Introduction
Economic Environment
Start-Up Costs
Financing Resources
Actions that Might be Taken to Obtain Financing for the Business
Global Information Needs
Global Information Sources
Technology for Managing Information
Staffing
Training and Development
Performance Appraisal
Compensation
Economic and Financial Risks
Social and Cultural Risks
Political and Legal Risks
Risk Management Techniques
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Since 1996, Mozambique has attained self-sufficiency in grains and, presently, cereal and cassava production is more than the national needs. But even now the agricultural productivity is below the African and regional average, and there is considerably great amount of unexploited potential for further growth. (Economic Overview) The capital of the country is at Maputo and the population is nearly 19 million. The life expectancies are very low with the figure being 37.83 years for males and 36.34 years for females. There are very few doctors and only a little over half of the population has access to safe drinking water. (Mozambique: Fact File) "
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Globalization: Economic Growth or Social Development, 2002.
A look at the economic effects of globalization.
1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 7 sources, AU$ 64.95
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Abstract
This paper examines globalization. It acknowledges that economic growth is a consequence of globalization and freer trade. However, it questions the connection between social development and globalization and the changing relationship between transnational corporations (TNC) and national governments.
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"A Look at Modernity: An Introduction to Modern Societies", 2005.
An analysis of European colonialism as interpreted in the book "A Look at Modernity: An Introduction to Modern Societies."
675 words (approx. 2.7 pages), 1 source, AU$ 38.95
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Abstract
The following paper looks at the impact of European colonialism upon its own self-identity and upon its place in the world by reviewing a text entitled, :Modernity: An Introduction to Modern Societies.: While the reading glosses over the impact of the Europeans upon the indigenous peoples they were displacing, it does offer some interesting insights into how overseas adventurism changed European cartography and self-identification.
From the Paper
"As much as Western imperial powers may wish otherwise, there can be little doubt that colonialism inflicted great harm upon many indigenous peoples the world over. Of all the many depredations that can be laid at the feet of colonial activity, one of the most pernicious was - and remains - population displacement. Among other things, this paper will examine the extent to which population displacement is treated in Modernity: an Introduction to Modern Societies. As will soon become evident, the paper refers to the issue of population displacement only obliquely while focusing far more upon the impact of Western expansion and colonialism upon western self-identity. "
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