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In and Out Groups in Organizational Theory, 2007.
A discussion of organizational theory with regards to in-groups and out-groups within the business environment.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 4 sources, MLA, AU$ 46.95
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Abstract
This paper examines organizational theory regarding in-groups and out-groups and how this theory is critical in today's business environment because of the emphasis on teams and team formation. The paper explains that in-groups and out-groups are important for organizational leaders to understand and comprehend at risk of allowing an organization to fall into disarray and inefficiency. The paper also discusses how the differences between these two types of groups within the organization are stark - one group can be characterized by its inclusion and its sense of accomplishment and trust while the other can be characterized by its marginality and its lack of inclusiveness in any decision-making processes. The paper also points out that the effect of these two types of groups on any given organization is almost always negative but sometimes their full impact is not noticed until long after they form. In conclusion, the paper shows that leaders and managers need to be aware of these groups and ensure that no employees are isolated or excluded from the requisite inclusion within the business and organizational processes of the organization itself.
Outline:
Overview
In-Group Experience
Out-Group Experience
Differences
Effect of These Groups
Membership & Performance
Leadership Factors
From the Paper
"Often, membership in these groups is not necessarily related to task or task performance. While an individual completely botching a task might potentially land them in the out-group, generally these groups form based on inter-personal reasons and relationships with various other co-workers and with management (Harris 142). As previously mentioned, group formation is not necessarily a bad thing to happen in the context of an organization. The danger is that such groups, if not properly managed, can lead to ostracizing and isolating valuable employees and even fellow team members."
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Social Organizational Theory, 2005.
An evaluation of crime and criminal theory using the Social Organizational theory.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 3 sources, AU$ 51.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the general theory of crime set forth by Michael R. Gottfredson and Travis Hirschi. The paper delineates what the theory is and then presents a critique of it using the Social Organizational theory. In the final analysis, the paper concludes that Social Organizational theory offers a fairly trenchant rebuttal of some of the careless assumptions made in Gottfredson and Hirschi's general theory of crime."
From the Paper
"Any critical evaluation of criminal theory is fraught with difficulty insofar as no one explanation satisfactorily explains all of the various reasons why human beings engage in illicit behavior. Be that as it may, the Social Organizational theory comes closer than most to elucidating why human beings often act in the manner they do and it provides a constructive critique of the general theory of crime put forward by respected academics like Gottfredson and Hirschi. The purpose of this paper is two-fold: firstly, the paper will briefly outline what is meant by the "General Theory of Crime" as it most commonly understood. Secondly, the paper will evaluate this theory using the Social Organizational theory that has gained such popularity in recent years."
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Organizational Theory, 2003.
Compares three books on the topic of organizational theory.
2,025 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 6 sources, AU$ 104.95
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Abstract
Provides an analysis of the subject matter, underlying assumptions, and contributions to the field of organizational theory. The paper looks at the history of organizational theory and development. It also covers the human cost of work and organizational behavior.
From the Paper
"Analysis and Synthesis of
Industrial Era Organization Theory
Introduction
This analysis will utilize three seminal books in the field of organizational theory - Classics of Organization Theory, by Jay M. Shafritz and J.Steven Ott; Complex Organization..."
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Organizational Theory, 2005.
A proposed metaphor for an organizational theory.
1,575 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 3 sources, AU$ 90.95
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Abstract
In recent decades, the organization of businesses has evolved, and with it the theory relating to organizational structure has evolved. Bearing in mind this evolution, the author of this paper formulated a metaphor for organization theory that she believes is relevant to current organizational theory. The metaphor chosen is the brain. This metaphor is informed by the latest research on the functioning of the brain.
From the Paper
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Organizational Theory and Public Management, 2005.
An overview of the views of Max Weber, Sigmund Freud and Karl Marx on organizational theory.
1,331 words (approx. 5.3 pages), 5 sources, APA, AU$ 64.95
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Abstract
This paper acknowledges how Robert B. Denhardt, professor of public administration at Arizona State University, has authored numerous works on the topic of human behavior as it relates to public organization. In particular, it examines how he draws heavily on the ideas of Weber, Marx and Freud to illustrate just how the governing theories and scholarly assumptions concerning organizational theory have developed into the modern version of the theory.
From the Paper
"Of course, one of the most influential thinkers on organizational theory was Max Weber. According to Weber, the "organization" or the "bureaucratic administration" is a symbol of the exertion of control based on knowledge. What was interesting about his work, however was his distinction between the idea of "power" and "authority"-where actual authority is distinguished by a belief in the "legitimacy" of the exercise of power (as apposed to despotism, for example). Further, another hallmark of his work was his classification of organizational power based on the type of legitimacy granted by those governed by that power."
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Organizational Theory, 2002.
A discussion of organizational theory and its role in an organization.
610 words (approx. 2.4 pages), 5 sources, MLA, AU$ 31.95
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Abstract
This paper provides a definition of an organization, organizational theory, and its use in management. A discussion of open and closed systems, bureaucracy and the advantages and disadvantages of rules and regulations within an organization.
From the Paper
"What is an organization? An organization is a socially structured and coordinated system which is composed of two or more people with the aim of achieving a common goal, or mission. The individuals who collectively constitute the organization are directed, by managers, towards achieving their shared goal within sub-systems and boundaries which serve to separate the organization?s internal environment from the external environment with which it interacts."
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Organizational Theory, 2007.
This paper applies the principles of organizational theory to the public school system.
1,172 words (approx. 4.7 pages), 2 sources, MLA, AU$ 59.95
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Abstract
The paper relates that the analysis of organizational leadership, whether of a classroom, school, or school district, is an important tool of self-criticism for any person involved in the educational system. The paper looks at the so-called "McDonaldization" of the American curriculum which involves mass produced tests and textbooks and requires a mass produced approach to teaching, rather than the creationg of a unique community of learners. The paper explains that a good educational leader will not reiterate where the school should be statistically, but assess the abilities of the students in order to work in a positive direction.
From the Paper
"Leadership is necessary, even in the most rigid bureaucratic environment. According to theories of organizational systems, the public school system seems on its surface to be like a Weber-style bureaucracy, with different kinds of employees that perform specific functions. It is characterized by specialization, subdivision, and hierarchy (principals perform different functions than teachers, for example, and, in general, administrators have more authority than teachers) (Jaffe, 2001, Chapter 5). Entry into a school's hierarchy is based upon professional and technical competency, demonstrated in a formalized fashion, and promotions are based upon seniority and skills."
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Organizational Theory, 2008.
A comparison of classical and modern theories of organization.
2,747 words (approx. 11.0 pages), 20 sources, APA, AU$ 120.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses various organizational theories as they apply to companies in the private sector, the public sector and the non-profit sector. It includes classical theories in organization as well as more modern approaches to organizational theory. The paper also looks at the consequences of globalization on the development of an organization.
From the Paper
"Based on a study that explored the racial awareness of white union members partaking in the grocery workers' strike in Southern California, gathered information was used through thorough interviews and participant examination, the gender-specific racialization of customers and scabs as articulated by white union members by means of a series of thorough interviews and participant examination was documented. The study revealed the numerous ways white preeminence and white racial solidarity are maintained and created in a multiracial labor effort.The split labor market theory has been utilized to explain the fundamental causes behind racialized labor and the separation among working classes all along racial lines. The central assumption is that racial antagonism initially germinated in a labor market split down ethnic lines. In a split labor market, the prevailing racial or ethnic group develops a racial social group system that limits lower-cost labor of color to lower-status and lower-paying jobs, thus undermining multiracial class camaraderie. This affects the level of solidarity across racial lines and frequently reinforces divisions amongst workers. In other words, split labor markets can help in producing or maintaining racism and racial opportunity in conjunction with other forms of disparity, such as sexism and patriarchy (Semenik, 1995).However, white workers still passed racial divisions in spite of standing alongside with workers of color. By separated, it does not refer to physical barriers, but more so down the lines of where racial unity is conveyed. People of color are discerned as such by white workers, whereas white workers themselves stay ethnically unmarked, or without race. This serves the two to reinforce the power of the capitalist group while at the same time weakening the supremacy of the working class. In other words, this progression produces apprehension among workers and averts tension ahead of capital."
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Organizational Theories And Structure In Post-Industrial Era, 2002.
Discussion of the origins and contributions of the postmodern or post-industrial organizational theories.
1,900 words (approx. 7.6 pages), 4 sources, AU$ 103.95
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Abstract
Organization theory and structure have gained tremendous attention in the past two decades as world changes forced management gurus to find out what kind of organizational structure was required to extract maximum productivity. Social, political and cultural changes have contributed towards formulation of better organizational theories. While each theory claimed to possess a new meaning, they were all based on similar ideas and thus twenty years hence, they would all come to be labeled as postmodern or post-industrial organizational theories. These theories have helped in identifying the factors, which are leading to change, in organizations.
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Organizational Theory in Public Administration, 2002.
A discussion of the effects of intergovernmental relations and power and politics on efficiency and effectiveness, governmental process and citizen control.
2,250 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 16 sources, AU$ 115.95
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Abstract
Discusses effects of intergovernmental relations & power & politics on efficiency & effectiveness, governmental process, & citizen control. Identifies 2 major domains of organizational theory that applies to public organizations. Public interest objectives. Conflicts in public demands (efficiency & lower costs vs. services). Issues of accountability.
From the Paper
"Organizational Theory in Public Administration: Effects of Intergovernmental Relations and Power and Politics on
Efficiency and Effectiveness, Governmental Process and Citizen Control
Domains of organizational theory may be defined on several different bases, depending upon the lens through which the body of theory is viewed. Domains of organizational theory in relation to public organizations, such as (1) intergovernmental relations and (2) power and politics typically, would not be directly applicable to private organizations, although elements of each of these two areas of interest would be found in domains appropriate for assessing private organizations (Daft, 1998).
Of the several domains of organizational theory as applied to public organizations identified, the two domains identified..."
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Organizational Management Theory, 2007.
Applies Henri Fayol's fourteen principles of organizational management to a case study on management structure.
1,355 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 2 sources, MLA, AU$ 66.95
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Abstract
This paper presents a case study of the key problems facing the assistant deputy minister and the director of management support at a public organization. The paper discusses Henri Fayol's fourteen principles of management and Max Weber's bureaucratic theory and explains how they can be applied in this case study.
From the Paper
"The ADM can also know how to create a Unity of Direction that must be followed by all within the management hierarchy. Mr. Brown must be made to adhere to the upper management's orders to instill a more modern information processing system. By consciously or unconsciously disobeying orders to promote new ways to make it more efficient to process documentation, the rules must be followed. Fayol provides distinct guidelines that are extremely valid for keeping the unity of the organization paramount if it is to stay functioning in a regulated and productive manner."
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Organizational Analysis Theory, 2000.
A development of the theory for the analysis of an organization in the context of corporate strategic planning including models, assessment plan, firm classifications, etc.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 8 sources, AU$ 69.95
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From the Paper
"A Theory For the Analysis of an Organization Within the Context of Corporate Strategic Planning
Introduction
This research develops a theory for the analysis of an organization in relation to corporate strategic planning and for the preparation of a report based on such analysis. The major components of such an analysis should be (1) an industry and market assessment, (2) an assessment of the firm?s capabilities, and (3) a business opportunity assessment.
I
ndustry and Market assessment
In this segment of the analysis, (1) industry and market characteristics, and (2) an analysis of the industry within the context of Porter?s five-forces framework should be included.
Industry and Market Characteristics..."
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Organizational Groups and Teams, 2007.
An analysis of the differences between organizational groups and teams and what impacts their performance.
1,132 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 3 sources, MLA, AU$ 57.95
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Abstract
This paper identifies the different characteristics of groups and teams. It also discusses how a group can become a high-performance team. The paper then explores the impact of demographic characteristics and cultural diversity on group behavior and high-performance teams and discusses details associated with how demographics and diversity contribute to or detract from high-performance teams.
Table of Contents:
Abstract
Organizational Groups and Teams
Diversity and Demographics in Group Performance
Teams
High-Performance Team
Diversity and Demographics in High-Performance Teams
Conclusion
From the Paper
"A group consists of two or more people who work together to accomplish a common objective. Members of a group must interact with one another on a consistent basis over a sustained period to accomplish the goal. When establishing groups formal or informal, permanent or temporary, virtual or real, fundamental group input factors must be established. Group input factors including goals, rewards, resources, technology, the task at hand, membership characteristics, and group size must be established to ensure the effectiveness of the group."
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Theories on Organizational Management, 2002.
A paper which explores the various theories on organizational management and how they help in times of uncertainty.
1,500 words (approx. 6.0 pages), 8 sources, MLA, AU$ 72.95
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Abstract
The paper shows that the real challenge of organizational behavior and development lies in the opportunity to manage uncertainty, change, conflict, and other complexities of organizational life. It discusses that the manager has a number of tools available to achieve this. This paper will look at some of tools and how they can be used to manage organizational life. It covers: Contingency Approach, Process Theory, Systems Theory, Participative Management and Building Effective Groups.
From the Paper
"One of the most important factors in successfully making changes is having members from key departments cooperating on the changes (Daft 398). The task force best allows this to occur. Employee commitment towards the new activities is also vital to their success. Employee commitment is increased in a task force since employees are more empowered and hence motivated. It is said that while the task force structure can be cumbersome, it is the most effective and creates the changes both effectively and efficiently (Chambers 169).
Flexibility and adaptability are also vital for uncertain times and the team structures provide this flexibility as workers become more multi-skilled. "
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In-groups and Out-groups, 2005.
Examines the difference between in-groups and out-groups.
690 words (approx. 2.8 pages), 2 sources, APA, AU$ 34.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at the difference between in-groups and out-groups and gives real life examples of working in each type of group. It explores issues of stereotyping, belonging and bias.
From the Paper
"If we see someone else as belonging to the same group we are in we tend to have a positive view towards them and give them preferential treatment ..."
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Organizational Behavior: Organizational Structure Metaphor, 2006.
An assessment of the Emperor penguins' organizational effectiveness as a metaphor for organizational structure.
3,470 words (approx. 13.9 pages), 12 sources, APA, AU$ 142.95
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Abstract
Out of thousands of living creatures populating our planet, Emperor penguins represent one of the most inspirational natural metaphors for modern organizational behavior. The paper shows that Emperors put their skills and abilities to good use; they utilize their resources effectively; they overcome numerous obstacles to help the organization internal processes flow smoothly. Finally, they accomplish their common goal. Emperor penguins flourish in the place where few living things can survive. The paper shows that as we study Emperor penguins, we cannot help drawing parallels. What if the workplace worked like this? An employee and a manager could take some lessons in the areas of protection, sacrifice, cooperation and teamwork.
Paper Outline:
Abstract
Organized Penguins
Skills and Abilities
Group Development Process - Adult Penguins
Group Development Process - Chicks
Roles and Norms
Teamwork Effectiveness
Leadership and Decision-Making
Managing Team Conflict
Organizational Effectiveness
Conclusion
References
From the Paper
"Another criterion of assessing organizational effectiveness is resource acquisition. Emperor Penguins rely on the ocean as their only food source, so it must be within reach of every mature penguin or they will starve and die. The acquisition of heat can be seen in the huddle where penguins must cooperate during storms or they will freeze to death. The acquisition of safety can be seen in the protection of their chicks from predators. Acquiring a mate takes a certain amount of skill and determination as well. The "healthy systems" approach is in effect in the rookery because we can see the genuine sense of community."
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