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The Great Asian Meltdown, 2006.
An analysis of the boom and bust in the Asian economies over the 1980s and 1990s, commonly known as the "Asian Miracle" and "Asian Meltdown".
2,678 words (approx. 10.7 pages), 5 sources, MLA, AU$ 116.95
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Abstract
The paper posits that the British media suppressed reporting of the Asian Meltdown because of British leaders' involvement in the crisis. It reviews the crisis itself, when the Thai currency, the baht, failed, and a domino chain of other Southeast Asian currencies followed. The paper then examines the Asian Miracle of the 1980s, and shows that the seeds for the later failure were planted then. It shows how the IMF (International Monetary Fund) bailout of the banks exacerbated and prolonged the crisis. The writer contrasts the Asian and American economic models of investment, especially debt to equity ratios, and the intervention of speculators. In conclusion, the writer blames corruption and greed as the root causes of the crisis.
Sections:
Thesis Statement
The Admissions Statement of the BBC
The Origins of the Crisis
Other Factors to Consider in "From Miracle to Crisis"
What Defines the Asian Miracle
The US Observation of the Miracle
Debt and Corruption - The Handmaiden of Speculation
Reform and Conclusions
From the Paper
"Among US observers, the "Asian Miracle," aroused both awe and fear, especially in the 1980s when Asian countries became formidable US competitors. Japan, which has now become the world's second most powerful economy after the US made sharp inroads into US domestic automobile and electronics' markets during the decade. Fierce competition with Japan and other Asian countries contributed to the yawning US trade deficits - when the value of US imports exceeds the value of its exports - and fueled a wave of protectionist sentiment in the US Congress.
"Moreover, this economic war between the US and Japan triggered and embolden the European Common Market by allowing it to form alliances on the mainland that became strong, strong competitive factors that were beginning to leave the British behind because of their reluctance to join the EU as a full partner. This, of course was over the currency issue raging between Conservative and Liberal parliaments and has yet to be settled.
"Southeast Asia's success seemed to vindicate certain economic policies that the US had largely shunned. Those policies gave Asian governments a large hand in shaping the marketplace. Asian bureaucrats took a leadership role in promoting certain industries and businesses and maturing them with tax credits or outright subsidies. Rather than allow the ravages of the free market to determine which businesses should succeed government leaders picked winners and ensured their prosperity."
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Southeast Asian Economic Crisis, 2001.
Examines causes of the 1997-98 financial "meltdown." Japan's banking system. Rise of & threats to Asian capitalism. IMF role in stabalizing currencies.
2,025 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 11 sources, AU$ 103.95
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From the Paper
"This paper is an examination of the Southeast Asia economic crisis, referred to in some business reports as ?meltdown.? Whether that is actually the case, or whether the term ?meltdown? is simply the product of a headline writer?s attempt at immortality remains to be seen.
However, Tabb (1998), a usually prescient observer, observed ?The Asian financial meltdown, when it reached front-page proportions in late 1997, was rightly called the most serious of any we have had since the 1930s. A mountain of paper assets - estimated at more than a trillion dollars - was swept aside? (Tabb, 1998, 24)."
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Asian-American Literature, 2004.
This paper reviews Asian-American history and provides a course outline for incorporating Asian-American literature studies into middle-school or high-school coursework.
2,320 words (approx. 9.3 pages), 6 sources, MLA, AU$ 103.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Asian-American literature, which has grown considerably over the last several decades, is considered one of the subdivisions of multicultural literature. The author points out that scholarly and popular interest in Asian-American literature is of recent vintage, having found its direct roots in student activism at San Francisco State and the University of California, Berkeley in the late 1960s, which resulted in the creation of interdisciplinary ethnic studies programs; today, courses in Asian-American literature are common throughout U.S. higher education. The paper relates that Asian-American literature is an oft-contested field due to the wide variety of cultures and backgrounds in the Asian-Americans culture; however, this variety of backgrounds has given rise to writings reflective of cross-generational concerns and styles.
Table of Contents
Introduction
History
Course Outline
Course Abstract
Fiction
Group Project
Single Project
Survey
Conclusion
From the Paper
"When considering the history of Asian-American literature, it is necessary to also look at the history of those who came to the United States since its formation. In reviewing the Asian-American literature, it is also important to note the history of Asian immigration to the United States. The Chinese first started immigrating to the United States during the mid- to late-1860s, as part of the gold rush. They provided cheap labor for farms and the transcontinental railroad. Other Asian groups joined them during this same time to work in the Hawaiian sugar plantations or California farm fields. The Asians were recognized as second-class citizens from their very first days in the country. However, they still had to contribute 50 percent of the taxes collected in California between 1850 and 1870 because of the Foreign Miners Tax of 1850. Other discriminatory events included the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1885, which initiated a ban on Chinese immigration."
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The Asian Economic Crisis, 2005.
Examines and analyzes the Asian economic and currency crisis that rocked the Asian markets in 1997.
2,468 words (approx. 9.9 pages), 7 sources, APA, AU$ 109.95
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Abstract
This paper explores the causes of the Asian economic crisis in 1997 and traces the roots of the crisis back to the area?s economic growth that started in the early 1990s. The paper explains that, while the crisis is believed to have begun in Thailand, conditions that existed throughout the region contributed to the destabilization of the economies of the other Southeast Asian countries as well.
From the Paper
"Throughout the early 1990s, growth in southeast Asia attracted much foreign capital. However, by 1995 and 1996, Thailand?s current account deficit had grown (from 5.7% in ?93 to 8.5% in ?96 [Pesenti et al., 1998]). When domestic production slowed, this account imbalance represented an even greater percentage, when compared to GDP. Much of the instability in Thailand?s economy was brought about by heavy short-term borrowing that required stringent debt maintenance. A boom in real estate and the Thai stock market attracted foreign speculation that could not be sustained in the face of investor doubts. The Thai government attempted to shore up shaky investor confidence by officially backing the financial institutions that were heavily indebted abroad."
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Eating Disorders among Asian-Americans, 2006.
A study on eating disorders among Asian-Americans that looks at why the number of Asian-Americans suffering from such disorders is on the rise.
2,440 words (approx. 9.8 pages), 16 sources, APA, AU$ 107.95
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Abstract
This study attempts to explore and delineate the problem of eating disorders among Asian-Americans. The study presents an overview of the issue and explains its finding that there does indeed exist a serious problem with regards to eating disorders among Asian-Americans, particularly among women. The paper further explains that the syndrome is exacerbated by the complexity of acculturation in American society and then discusses these and other aspects affecting eating disorders in this segment of the population. One of the central findings of the study is that there has been relatively little research of quality conducted on this subject.
Introduction
Outline of the Problem
Overview of the Major Eating Disorders
Causes
Conclusion
From the Paper
"There is a common myth that eating disorders are usually found among white females and males and not among the Asian population. In general "Many assume that certain "blanket factors" protect minority communities from the disease, such as a general appreciation for larger body sizes, less emphasis on physical attractiveness, and a stable family and social structure." (Park E, 200) However, research and studies show that the Asian-American population is deeply affected by factors that prompt eating disorders. This, as many researchers attest, can be seen in the increasing number of Asian-Americans seeking treatment for eating disorders at mental health clinics. (ibid) "
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Asian Financial Crisis 1997-1998, 2008.
An examination of the external factors in the Asian financial crisis of 1997-1998.
1,687 words (approx. 6.7 pages), 6 sources, APA, AU$ 78.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the significance of the Asian financial crisis of the late 1990s and its repercussions. It explains how the financial crisis provided an important lesson to the Asian economies affected in terms of allowing any degree of dependence on foreign investment. The writer discusses how the crisis induced a 'New Asian Miracle' in different Asian economies.
Outline:
Introduction
The Attractiveness of Asia
Reactions to the Crisis
American Dimensions
Asian Perceptions
Concluding Remarks
From the Paper
"Various domestic conditions have been connected to the Asian financial crisis of 1997-1998 but this paper centers on global forces that created unexpected change to induce the crisis at international as opposed to regional or national levels. Kawai Et Al stress that private capital flows to developing countries grew high in the 1990s so that a sudden drop in investment caused a 1994 crisis in Mexico and South America, then the East Asian crisis. (2005: 185) This World Bank-oriented article is typical of many that rather minimize the role of American patterns of investment that contributed directly to what Asian countries sustained in the 1990s. Throughout East and Southeast Asia governments noted fast falling markets and varied domestic responses as capital ceased to arrive as it had before from developed countries."
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The World Bank?s Report on ?The East Asian Miracle?, 2001.
This paper summarizes the various views taken by the World Bank on Asian economic development before the crisis, and how the effects of the Asian crisis threw the Bank's judgement.into doubt.
1,995 words (approx. 8.0 pages), 4 sources, APA, AU$ 91.95
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Abstract
This paper examines reasons for the East Asian economic crisis during 1997 and 1998. The World Bank report of 1993 praises many of the practices that ultimately led to the crisis. Currencies, stock markets, 'crony capitalism' and financiers are examined. The paper argues that both economic and cultural reasons are ultimately to blame for the economic crisis.
From the Paper
"In recent decades international financial institutions, most notably the World Bank, have held up East Asia as a capitalist miracle, a role model for the rest of the world to follow. The Newly Industrialising Countries (NIC's) took off during the 1970's and included countries from around the world. But is was almost exclusively the NIC's of Asia who maintained their high growth rates through the 1980's and 1990's. While the South American NIC's were left behind in the debt crisis of the early 1980's, the Asian 'Tigers' continued to surge ahead. South Korea, for example, maintained a manufacturing growth rate of nearly 9% a year during the 1980's, while exports grew by 10% a year (Hadjor: 1992). Taiwan, Hong Kong and Singapore also enjoyed such success, and they were soon joined by other Asian countries such as Malaysia and Thailand. By 1987 the combined manufacturing exports of South Korea, Taiwan, Hong Kong and Singapore totalled about half of all third world exports compared with 6% for Mexico and Brazil combined (ibid). The World Bank firmly believed that the experience of the Asian tigers constituted a viable model for other Third World countries. In 1993, the Bank published its seminal work 'The East Asian Miracle' as a guide to how the Tigers had been so successful. But disaster hit the East Asian region in 1997/98 when the economies in that part of the world took a massive beating from what became the 'Asian Crisis'. Suddenly the World Bank report and hopes for the region looked decidedly inaccurate. Here we will summarise the various views taken by the World Bank on Asian economic development before the crisis hit, together with how the effects of the Asian Crisis threw into doubt the Banks judgement."
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East Asian Financial Crisis, 2007.
This paper examines the role of the IMF (International Monetary Fund) in South Korea during the East Asian economic crisis.
3,649 words (approx. 14.6 pages), 10 sources, MLA, AU$ 146.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the 1997 East Asian financial crisis, also termed the IMF crisis locally within the region, that saw the downturn of many East Asian and Southeast Asian economies. The paper explains that the International Monetary Fund (IMF) received much of the blame due to its handling of the crisis. The paper focuses on the IMF efforts in South Korea and reveals that the IMF today is moving toward a less restrictive and more realistic system.
Outline:
Introduction
The East Asian Economic Crisis
South Korea
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The South Korean Central Bank was forced to expand its open market operations (OMO) in order to attempt to stabilize its currency. By elevating the amount of OMO in terms of their own securities, Central Banks attempt to control extreme devaluation in times of stress or manage exchange rates in a more stable fashion (Guille 57). For South Korea, contracting the amount of currency through sales of securities was extremely important in controlling the free-fall of the Won during the extent of the crisis."
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Asian Financial Crisis, 2002.
An analysis of the Asian Financial and Currency crisis that hit the economies of the South East Asian countries in the summer of 1997.
5,950 words (approx. 23.8 pages), 17 sources, APA, AU$ 204.95
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Abstract
This paper is about what came to be known as the Asian Financial Crisis of 1997-98, which hit Thailand in July 1997, soon engulfed most of the countries in the region and at one time threatened to spread the world over. It traces the history and background of the crisis, the reasons why it happened, the effects it has had socially, politically and economically. The paper also covers the approaches adopted by the countries involved, and the international financial institutions to overcome the crisis and the lessons that need to be learnt from it. The focus of the paper is on the business and economic aspects of the crisis and only briefly covers its cultural, social, and political ramifications.
From the Paper
"The next country to be affected by the Thai contagion was Philippines. Its central bank tried to support its currency by increasing the interest rates overnight. The Thai finance minister who was against devaluing the country?s currency resigned on June 19. The Thai prime minister continued to declare that his country would ?never devalue the baht? as late as June 30. But things had already gone out of hand as the Thailand?s central bank had limited reserves of dollars and soon ran out of them in trying to defend the bath. The Bank of Thailand was forced to announce a managed float of the currency on July 2 with an SOS to IMF for help. This resulted in a sudden devaluation of baht to record lows against the dollar and the start of the currency crisis in East Asia was well and truly underway."
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The Experiences of Asian-American Immigrants, 2007.
An analysis of the experiences, as an Asian-American, of the character of Jing-Mei Woo in Amy Tan's novel "The Joy Luck Club".
1,659 words (approx. 6.6 pages), 6 sources, MLA, AU$ 77.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the complex character of Jing-Mei Woo in Amy Tan's novel "The Joy Luck Club". It describes her experiences as a second-generation Asian-American and how she is caught between the Asian world and the Western world. The paper argues that Jing-Mei's difficulties are common to many Asian-Americans and Asian-American immigrants.
From the Paper
"Note that in both of these examples, there is no talk of assimilation. Rather, the goal is to retain an Asian identity, while at the same time adopting aspects of the American culture that are seen as desirable, and as congruent with an Asian identity. This seems to be a goal for many Asian-American immigrants. It certainly seems to be a goal that Suyuan sets for Jing-Mei. After all, she both reminds her that she will always be Chinese, while at the same time exhorting her to excel in the ways of the Americans. The latter is unrealistic, as she takes it to extremes. It is left to Jing-Mei to figure out what is possible for her in her new culture, and what is not. However, to do so she also has to get in touch with her Chinese roots - as she does by visiting her sisters."
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Asian American Health Care, 2008.
This paper discusses nursing and health care as it relates to the Asian-American population.
1,938 words (approx. 7.8 pages), 5 sources, APA, AU$ 88.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that historically the Asian-American population has experienced significant conflict with the health care system because of differences in culture, language and ideas on the delivery of health care. The writer points out that this conflict is evident using Leininger's trans-cultural model for nursing. The writer maintains that the research indicates that the Asian-American population has experienced a difficult existence in relation to health care. This existence has been complicated by barriers in language, understanding of the health care delivery system, communication and through the lack of cultural training that exists in the health care community. The writer concludes that in order to change the current dilemma it is evident that education of the health care community, as well as within the Asian community must commence. When this occurs then nurses will be able to provide quality care to this culture and ensure that the health concerns of this population are addressed.
Outline:
Introduction
Asian Cultural Group
Nutrition
Health Beliefs
Specific Health Concerns
Management of Health Care
Chinese Traditional Medicine
Conflict Between Asian Culture and U.S. Health Care
Cultural Assessment Theory: Leininger
Conclusion
From the Paper
"In relation to health, most Asian Americans use Western medical practices. However, many of these individuals also rely on Chinese Traditional Medicine as a corresponding health maintenance regime. For those Asian Americans that do practice Chinese Traditional Medicine as part of their health maintenance, the nutritional guidelines that they follow are based on a medical prescription for good health, allowing the flow of Qi to cease being restricted. Yet, those Asian Americans that do not practice Chinese Medicine have diets that severely affect their health. This is especially true within the lives of poor Asian Americans in large urban areas."
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The Asian Financial Crisis, 2007.
This paper presents a political and economic analysis of the Asian financial crisis.
4,757 words (approx. 19.0 pages), 6 sources, MLA, AU$ 177.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at a more neglected dimension of the Asian financial crisis: the role of political factors and the role of political-economic interaction in initiating the crisis, determining the depth of the crisis and shaping the recovery from the crisis. The paper explains that the Asian crisis was a global problem of large proportions; countries as far away as the United States felt the burden of the Asian problems with economic issues and political problems. The paper examines how politics played a vital role in the financial crisis due to money, politics and nepotism. The paper concludes that it will take a great deal of time before there is any real trust put into the governments and political systems of many of these countries.
Outline:
Introduction
Economic Determinants of Asian Financial Crises
The Role of Politics in Asian Financial Crises
Post Crises Recovery and Crises Management
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Known as the G-7 several industrialized countries, specific countries have been supplying and controlling the flow of capital funds to third-world countries. These countries are the United States, Canada, France, Great Britain, Germany, Japan, and Australia. Because the G-7 group has such enormous and far-reaching economic strength, it can dictate and control the interest rate that the countries in its group charge to the nations that wish to borrow money. This is very significant for the third-world countries when they borrow money because they have little control over the rate of interest that they pay and they are not able to 'shop around' and find a better rate for their borrowing."
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Asian-American Contributions, 2004.
Highlights the contributions made by Asian-Americans to the American capitalist process.
1,722 words (approx. 6.9 pages), 10 sources, APA, AU$ 80.95
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Abstract
This paper shows that, despite the enormous contributions made by Asian-Americans to American capitalism, U.S. immigration policies did not grant citizenship status to Asian-Americans until later modifications to the U.S. Immigration Acts of the 1960s.
Paper Outline
Introduction
The 1965 U.S. Immigration Act
Asian-American Contributions to American Capitalism
The Growth of American Chinatowns
U.S. Congress Designates May as Asian/Pacific American Heritage Month
The Building of the Trans-U.S. Railroad
Asian-American Contributions to the U.S. Military
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The Chinese were the first Asians to arrive in the US in large numbers. By the 1830s Chinese were selling goods in New York City and toiling in Hawaiian sugarcane fields. Gold was discovered in California in 1848, eventually attracting thousands of Chinese miners and contract laborers. Through such cheap labor provided by early Asian immigrants, there is no denial that American Capitalism directly benefited from such contributions. Early Japanese immigrants also came to Hawaii and California to work in agriculture."
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Patriarchy in Asian Cultures, 1995.
This paper examines patriarchy in Asian cultures: Sociocultural roots of traditional sex roles, stereotyping, feminist views, infanticide and Asian-American students.
2,025 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 25 sources, AU$ 103.95
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From the Paper
"The purpose of this research is to examine issues surrounding the subject of patriarchy in Asian cultures. The plan of the research will be to set forth the sociological context in which patriarchal values appear to surface in such cultures, and then to discuss the implications of socially based sex roles that demonstrate patterns of male dominance on one hand, or outright misogyny on the other.
In recent years there appears to have been an increase of interest in the status and changeability of social roles of both men and women in all cultures. Research into socially determined sex roles of Asians both inside and outside Asia has been a part of this increase. By and large, research studies appear to indicate that traditional patterns of social behavior persist where sex roles are concerned."
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Asian-American Immigrants and Gangs, 2006.
A look at why Asian-American immigrants become gang members.
2,533 words (approx. 10.1 pages), 8 sources, MLA, AU$ 110.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the problem of Asian-American gangs in the United States and attempts to explain why many Asian youths that have immigrated to the United States become gang members. The paper looks at the socio-economic reasons and the cultural reasons as well as the Asian mentality that makes gang life appear attractive to Asian youth and then takes a look at certain aspects of gang life including attitudes, subcultures and fighting between different Asian groups.
From the Paper
"When one wonders why Asian-American young people become gang members, they might want to listen to Vietnamese observer Le Xuan Kho. He suggests that Asian-Americans refugees share a common tendency, after coming to America. They like, he says, to cluster together and form community organizations. "[This] can be traced back to a traditional pattern common to all agrarian societies in Southeast Asia," Le says. (Cassidy)"
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The Position Of Asian-Americans In The Bay Area Political Economy, 1997.
Examines the Asian population in the Bay Area in three steps: a demographic overview, analysis of two recent events (campaign finance scandal and Prop. 187) and an analysis of a new unification of the various Asian-American communities.
1,575 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 6 sources, AU$ 80.95
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From the Paper
"The Position of Asian Americans in the Bay Area Political Economy
Introduction
Historically, the Asian American community of the Bay Area which numbers well over one million people, has had trouble organizing itself into activist collectives and learning to speak with one voice (Lee, 1994). During the last several months, events have forced the disparate community to put aside certain cultural and ethnic differences and join forces to fight a formidable foe the modern, American metroplex. This paper studies the Asian American population of the Bay Area in three main parts. The first section provides a statistical overview of the Asian American population. The second section discusses two recent events which have had a major impact on the Asian American community. The third section shows how those same events have ..."
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