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Global Positioning System, 2002.
A study of the United States global positioning satellites systems.
1,955 words (approx. 7.8 pages), 4 sources, MLA, AU$ 100.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the military technology, the global positioning system, which is a navigational system that comprises of a complex arrangement of satellites that orbit around the earth. It describes the technology, its evolution throughout the twentieth century, and its immense military application. The paper then illustrates the wider commercial use of the global positioning system in the latter part of the century.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
The Historical Events in the Global Positioning System Technology
The Origin
The World War II Era
Soviet Union?s Sputnik-I
The Decade Before Developmental History (1964-1974)
Achievements of the Advancements
The Developmental History of the Global Positioning Satellites System
Pathway to the GPS Technology
The First GPS Satellite
Subsequent Developments in the Global Positioning System
Technological Account of the Global Positioning System
Operational Details of GPS
Record Information in GPS Satellite Signals
Reception of Information from Global Positioning Satellites
Communication Frequencies
Technological Advantages of the Global Positioning Satellites System
Conclusion
References
From the Paper
"The technology behind the global positioning satellites system takes its origin from Marconi?s comprehension of the radio waves and their utilization for transmission purposes. This radio wave technology was employed for social advantage in the course of 1920s. In these years, radio stations were established, which minimally required a receiver to commence operation. A complex model of the same simple technology applies to the functioning of the global positioning satellites system."
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The Global Positioning Systems., 2002.
Examines the Global Positioning System (GPS), previously known as the Navstar Global Positioning System and how it impacts our lives.
2,150 words (approx. 8.6 pages), 7 sources, AU$ 129.95
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Abstract
This paper shows how the Global Positioning System is becoming an increasingly important part of everyday life for ordinary people. While its uses are many, at its root, GPS provides users with accurate information about their position and velocity, as well as the time, anywhere in the world and in all weather conditions. This is of obvious importance for military purposes but also for every day life as well. This paper will look at the GPS's development, how it works, as well as its costs and benefits and also the many uses of the GPS.
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Global Positioning System, 2002.
This paper discusses the Global Positioning System (GPS) and includes technical data.
2,350 words (approx. 9.4 pages), 9 sources, MLA, AU$ 116.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that GPS provides all-weather round-the-clock navigation capabilities for the military and is an integral asset in numerous civilian applications and industries around the globe, including recreational uses such as boating, aircraft and hiking, corporate vehicle fleet tracking and surveying. The author states that the military's Precision (P) code provides positional accuracy to within approximately 20 meters. The paper reports that the first eleven spacecraft (GPS Block 1) were used to demonstrate the feasibility of the GPS system; the orbit inclination was 63 degrees, differing from the 55 degrees used for the operational system.
Table of Contents
Abstract
Background: Global Positioning System (GPS)
Problems to be Solved
Technical Discussion
Launch Facts
Future Prospects
From the Paper
"SLR will continue to be essential for measuring temporal variations of the gravity field given the passive simplicity of these orbit targets and the decadal span of precision data. With the launch of Lageos 2 in 1992 and Stella in 1993, in combination with the older geodetic satellites Lageos, Starlette, and Ajisai, estimates of the temporal variations of the gravity field will undoubtedly be improved in accuracy, and spatial and temporal resolution. Geophysical modeling of temporal gravity variations will also continue to be important, since their combination with the satellite estimates will improve our knowledge of the solid Earth, ocean, and atmosphere. The development of realistic eddy resolving multi-layer ocean models forced by real wind fields will be an important resource over the next few years for determining the role played by the atmosphere and oceans in the excitation of the Earth's gravity and rotational variations [Rosen, 1993]. Future improvements in the long-wave-length models of the time-invariant gravity field will depend on accurately modeling or estimating both the tidal and non-tidal gravity variations, as the current uncertainties for the low degree coefficients are at the same level as the known temporal variations of the coefficients. While tidally-induced variations have been modeled for many years, the importance of modeling non-tidal variations in gravity is only now becoming apparent."
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Ethics and Global Positioning Systems, 2004.
Discusses Global Positioning Systems within an ethical framework.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 5 sources, APA, AU$ 63.95
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Abstract
This paper begins by describing the technology used for Global Positioning Systems (GPS) and then goes on to discuss the implications of the system in terms of its tracking capability, privacy issues and how the GPS technology can be utilized for self-serving purposes.
From the Paper
"The purpose of this research is to examine the phenomenon of GPS within an ethical framework. The plan of the research will be to set forth the background of the emergence of global positioning system technology and then to discuss how ethical issues arise in connection with it with a view toward identifying possible lines of conflict and development regarding it. The advent of global positioning system technology has transformed the possibilities for knowing where one is and what time it is anywhere in the world."
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Navstar Global Positioning System, 2003.
This paper discusses the Navstar Global Positioning System, a space-based radio navigation system.
1,345 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 14 sources, MLA, AU$ 73.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the Navstar Global Positioning System (GPS), created in 1973 by the United States of America?s Department of Defense and now operated by the U.S. Air Force, is a highly effective way to calculate, by using twenty-four space satellites in six different orbits, the exact location of a point on the earth. The author points out that, although the GPS was first invented and used mainly by the military, it is now used for nonmilitary applications from routing police and fire trucks on 911 emergency calls to finding directions for private automobile drivers. The paper relates that, over the past ten years, the price has decreased by up to 20 percent each year and continues to drop as the merchandise becomes more and more precise.
From the Paper
"In 1978, when the first round of satellites were launched, the results were less than perfect, but today the system works the exact same way with almost terrifying accuracy. Even though the results have improved, the concept is the same. GPS, which is comparable to GLONASS, a similar system developed by the Soviet Union, is made up of three segments: the space, user, and control segments. The space segment, as previously stated, consists of twenty-four satellites (3 spares) that are located 20, 190 kilometers above the earth?s surface in six orbital planes that cover the sphere of the earth evenly. They orbit in 12 hours; providing every place on earth with visibility to at least the four necessary satellites for the system to work. Also, for the polar areas to be viewed completely, the satellites are at a 55? angle to the equator."
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Global Positioning System, 2007.
An analysis of the debate over the positive versus negative aspects of the availability of GPS to civilians.
2,385 words (approx. 9.5 pages), 9 sources, MLA, AU$ 118.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the development, implementation and availability to civilian use of the global positioning system (or commonly known as the GPS). The paper discusses the history of the GPS from the days of the Cold War. It then discusses the negative aspects of having this technology available, but concludes that technology can be used for good or bad and that the technology itself is not necessarily a problem.
From the Paper
"Again, whatever technology brings, be it the GPS or another one that would come our way in the next few years or the next few decades, it is up to us either individually or collectively to determine its use. What ever we hold, it could be use for good or for evil. Take for example the ongoing debate on guns and gun control. Those against radical gun control will give compelling reasons why only law enforcement and military personnel should be allowed to carry guns. But if you look at the gun lobbyists, they, too have logical reasons on why we should have "the right to bear arms" not only in terms of the constitutional rights but in moral and ethical aspects as well. Much as the debate will never stop and there would always be two or more schools of thoughts on matters, this is the thing that makes technology more interesting, not just the development, manufacturing and the evolution of the technology, but the application people would put them to."
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The Global Positioning System, 2002.
Discusses the use of the GPS as a military tool with infinite application.
2,400 words (approx. 9.6 pages), 3 sources, AU$ 143.95
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Abstract
This paper explores the history and the use of the GPS within the military, from the beginnings of the system at the development of the Department of Defense to its current applications, as well as the likely futures of this useful tool. In addressing these elements of the GPS, the reader will realize that an item of technology that is so comparatively "commonplace" is actually quite revolutionary in its design and its overall purpose.
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Global Positioning Satellites (GPS), 2002.
An analysis of the theory and history of global positioning satellites.
1,343 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 4 sources, MLA, AU$ 73.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the theory of global positioning satellites, illustrating the technology behind the system. The history of global positioning satellites is outlined, describing the first global positioning system, the transmission functions and the reception of information from global positioning satellites. The paper presents the advantages of the global positioning satellites system.
From the Paper
"As the name suggests, the global positioning satellite system is based on satellites. It is a navigational system that comprises of a complex arrangement of satellites that orbit round the earth. Twenty-four in all, these satellites are eleven thousand nautical miles far in space. There are six dissimilar orbits wherein the satellites continually keep revolving. It takes these satellites twenty-four hours to complete two orbital revolutions round the Earth. Upon calculation, the revolutionary speed of these satellites is computed to be around 2,600 meters per second (JA-GPS.com)."
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Global Positioning System (GPS), 2004.
This paper discusses the United States' Global Positioning System (GPS).
5,750 words (approx. 23.0 pages), 12 sources, AU$ 218.95
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Abstract
This paper describes the United States Global Positioning System (GPS). The author presents policy decisions regarding GPS. The paper contends that GPS, under the aegis of the U.S .Air Force, is ill-served to advance lockstep with competing technologies overseas because U.S. supremacy in this area is tenuous, due largely to lack of funding GPS has received.
From the Paper
"The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a satellite-based infrastructure developed by the United States Department of Defense to provide an invaluable navigation service to the military. GPS has since been ..."
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Dell's Global Positioning and the Chinese Market, 2008.
A discussion of Dell's successful presence on the Chinese market as a premise for its future expansion in other developing countries with high market potential.
1,049 words (approx. 4.2 pages), 2 sources, APA, AU$ 58.95
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Abstract
The paper states that Dell's consumer base is not a typical American or Canadian, but a wide range of customers from developing regions like China, India and Brazil. The paper comments that China's growth and internal market developments over the last couple of decades have been an incentive for numerous companies to enter this highly profitable market: Dell is one of them. The paper highlights that Dell's global sales objective is to penetrate the lucrative Chinese market and identifies the threats and opportunities for Dell in doing so. The paper also includes a discussion on opportunities for Dell to enter other global markets.
Outline:
Dell's Global Positioning and Chinese Market
Dell's Presence on Chinese Market
Threats and Opportunities
Marketing and sales methods at Dell
Recommendations
Global Opportunities
From the Paper
"For Dell, the Indian market is very applied to the business system that the company promotes. Indeed, the face-to-face system can work especially well when the customers are generally business entities and Dell can sell in India directly to the many software producers who need a reliable hardware platform on which to operate. As such, the recommendation for Dell is to penetrate the local Indian market starting in the large software producing centers and continuing with the urban areas, where more computers users are likely to be located."
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Precision Farming & Global Positioning Systems, 1996.
Use & effectiveness of satellite technology in development of modern agricultural techniques.
2,250 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 15 sources, MLA, AU$ 128.95
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From the Paper
"This research examines the impact of global positioning systems (GPSs) on precision farming. In the discussions that follow both GPS and precision farming are defined, non-agricultural applications of GPS are reviewed, the development of precision farming is traced, contemporary applications of GPS to precision farming are examined, and the future relationship between GPS and precision farming is considered.
Defining GPS and Precision Farming
Global positioning systems use satellite technology (Precision farming offers, 1995, p. 15). The primary system now in use is a network of military satellites that is used to determine ..."
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Global Positioning System (GPS), 2003.
Discusses the central element in the U.S. defense structure.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 3 sources, AU$ 50.95
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Abstract
Shows how the system is under control of U.S. Air Force. Discusses civilian applications of the inter-satellite communications, the origin of the GPS in the atomic clock, and the development of GPS from military-only device to civilian fields.
From the Paper
"The Global Positioning System is controlled by the United States Department of Defense, but it has many civilian applications, and its very first origins rest in neither the military nor in satellite technology but in the clock, specifically the atomic ..."
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Global Positioning System (GPS), 2001.
How GPS works using satellites and its purposes (navigation and communication).
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 3 sources, AU$ 63.95
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From the Paper
"The ability to return to a specific location or to know the exact position of where one is has been a major dilemma since our evolution into a bipedal organism. Prior to the introduction of sophisticated navigational systems, humans found their way around the planet using the stars, recognizable landforms, or by marking trails so that the return to an initial location is possible.
The necessity of a more precise system of navigation began to appear as a result of military interventions throughout the world. This need to know where soldiers were located on a battlefield or where a ship was headed to led to the development of our modern Global positioning system (GPS) system."
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Is Economic Globalization a Positive Trend?, 2007.
An analysis of whether economic globalization is a positive trend, specifically for third world countries.
4,319 words (approx. 17.3 pages), 6 sources, MLA, AU$ 184.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes the positive and negative aspects of economic globalization. It then explores specific traits related to the science of economics within the present world order in order to analyze whether globalization is a positive or negative trend. Among other aspects, the paper looks at examples of labor productivity and trade in terms of economic growth. It also compares the situation in third world countries with developed countries.
From the Paper
"In conclusion, whether economic globalization is a positive or negative trend has yet to be discerned, but since its inception in the mid to late 1980's, globalization has unquestionably increased the economic well-being and growth of many countries, yet at the same time it has substantially decreased the ability of some nations to compete on a global scale. How all of this will turn out is anybody's guess, but with the passage of time and with constant vigilance on the part of economists and researchers, the outcome of globalization may surprise everyone and quite possibly will lead to a true global community made up of every nation on earth in which all will be able to share and benefit from economic prosperity well into the 21st century."
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Global Pay Systems, 2005.
This paper discusses special considerations in global pay systems.
675 words (approx. 2.7 pages), 2 sources, APA, AU$ 38.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer examines special considerations in global pay systems. The writer includes a look at compensation parity, expatriate employees, host country employees, third-country employees, geographical pay differentials and repatriated employees.
From the Paper
"Global pay systems may simplify employee compensation at the administrative level, but the host of difficult problems that accompany them can create a great deal of extra work and tailoring at the executive level worldwide. The complexity of the global pay system in terms of pay mix pay level and the choice between global standardization and local adaptation of pay practices renders global pay a significant task that not just everyone is equipped to handle."
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Intertwining Forces: The Global System, 2002.
This paper shows how the early 20th century saw the demise of the old empires and the emergence of a new world order.
2,481 words (approx. 9.9 pages), 4 sources, MLA, AU$ 121.95
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Abstract
This paper illustrates how the roles of technology, nationalism, and new imperialism helped to support a new global system. These three factors share intertwined roles in their place in the global system. Ultimately, the paper concludes that, through the formation of the modern global system, an intricate network was created out of the aftermath of both world wars. The result was a global system of free markets, modern technology, increasing globalization, international agencies, propaganda wars, and political/social unrest.
From the Paper
"Due to the advancements of new technology, the development of the nation-state and the process of new imperialism, the early twentieth century saw the ruin of the old empires and the emergence of a new world order. The emperors and royals who controlled vast empires across the globe gave way to the idea of sovereignty. States increasingly began to function as autonomous entities not privy to the decrees of a tyrannical ruler or monarch. The big challenge for this new world order was how to make it work. Within the new global system new empires were created through the advent of new imperialism and the bittersweet fruit of globalization. In addition the formation of new agencies such as the IMF and the World Bank were created to deal with the challenge of modernizing developing nations within this new world order. Across the globe various social and ethnic groups were and continue to be affected by the new global system. For better or worse, the roles of technology, nationalism and new imperialism helped to support the new global system and became crucial factors in the structure of such of a system. These three factors share intertwined roles in their place in the global system. The use of technology aided the new imperialism following the advent of the new world order. Similarly with the aid of technology a new nationalism was born primarily out of a response to the new imperialism that preceded it."
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