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Gender Inequality, 2006.
An examination of gender inequality and oppression in America.
1,292 words (approx. 5.2 pages), 5 sources, MLA, AU$ 46.95
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Abstract
Gender inequality is a worldwide epidemic that has plagued our society and others since the beginning of time. This paper attempts to look at how society and its members address the myriad of other issues (i.e., racism, classism, ageism, etc.) that are intricately interwoven into this deeply seeded and complex issue. An examination of these issues takes place through the summary of three journal articles in addition to other readings regarding the aforementioned theme of gender inequality.
Outline
Introduction
Personal Reflection
From the Paper
"In the first reading, Age, Race, Class, and Sex: Women Redefining Difference, the article's author, Lorde (1997), attributes the continued oppression and dehumanization of women not as the sole existence of differences, rather as the inability to recognize and appreciate those differences. The article's author also points out that the inability to deal effectively with differences causes distortions in which individuals tend to ignore or even misname the definition of others. Lorde (1997) utilizes many of Freire's (1970:93) concepts regarding relationships as defined by oppression and stresses the importance of collaboration, self-reflection, and exposure to and appreciation of differences. "
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Gender Inequality, 2004.
Review of literature discussing the topic of gender inequality in relationships.
987 words (approx. 3.9 pages), 4 sources, APA, AU$ 37.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the topic of gender inequality and presents a review of literature that supports the argument that stereotypical roles of gender have led to inequality in marriages and gender relationships, which in turn, have impacted the ability of women to become truly financially and emotionally secure.
From the Paper
"The issue of gender inequality in relationships is of great social concern, especially in light of the increasing divorce rate and the growing numbers of single mothers bringing up children. The increasing break down of the traditional family structure implies the need for women to be more and more financially independent. Yet, a review of literature on the subject indicates that gender inequality in relationships persists and has led to a situation where women are still unable to break the traditional stereotype of the female role and focus on developing an independent career."
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Gender Inequality in Indian Education, 2007.
This paper describes the gender inequality that exists in Indian education and recommends changes to India's education system.
3,450 words (approx. 13.8 pages), 7 sources, MLA, AU$ 104.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes the situation of under-privileged girl children in India in terms of the education system there. The paper makes this analysis through the examination of the interplay of several historical, social, cultural and political factors. The paper relates that it was during the end of the nineteenth century, when the Indian government realized the need for the education of women. The paper further relates that measures adopted during the later years, proved insufficient and, at the time of independence, the government was faced with the formidable task of educating a large section of the uneducated, illiterate population. The paper notes that the government of India thus under took several policies to improve girls' accessibility to education, at least during the early years of the child's life. The paper then points out that it has been widely perceived that bridging the gender gap in education will provide an effective solution to the problem of gender equality. This paper re-examines this contention.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Gender 'Inequality' in Education
Measuring Gender Inequality
Achieving Gender Parity in Primary Education
Reducing the Gender Gap
Increasing Enrollment Levels of the Girl Child
Focused Interventions Gender Parity in Education
Social Dimension of the Problem
Gender Division of Labor
Focused Interventions Recommendations
Schedule Castes and Schedule Tribes
Rural Urban Divide
Moving towards Gender Equality
Right to Education
Ensuring Access with Equity
Physical Accessibility
Creating a Physical Environment
Improvement in State Functioning
Rights in Education
Creating a Safe and Equitable School Environment
Sexism in the Curriculum
Right through Education
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Unequal gender relations may arise due to domestic violence, stress as well as cultural practices of exclusion. These factors, not only promote unequal gender relations but also impact gender related development outcomes. It has been argued that irrespective of the overall socio-economic background, in most cases views on femininity come in conflict with the goals of education, which are directed towards survival and unity. Although education emphasizes on independence and promotes a spirit of inquiry, traditional notions of femininity seek; to create a docile and submissive character of the girl child."
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Gender Inequality, 2008.
This paper explores gender inequality today through an examination of Margaret Atwood's novel "The Handmaid's Tale".
1,464 words (approx. 5.9 pages), 6 sources, APA, AU$ 51.95
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Abstract
The paper examines Margaret Atwood's satire, "The Handmaid's Tale" and applies her portrayal of gender inequality to today's social context. The paper discusses the concern that the persistence of a traditional patriarchy and oppression of individualism in corporations today will overtake many of the gains made in civil liberty and in women's rights in previous decades. The paper studies unfair employment practices and institutional parameters relating to the war on terror that threaten a regression of women's rights.
From the Paper
"The feminist era, which began in earnest at the tail end of the protest age, entered American society into a period of mounting awareness of the imbalances which had inherently persisted in the home, in the workplace and in the images presented by the media. Gradual shifts began to take place, both in the way that women communicated for the first time as a collective their individual hopes and dreams and in the way that women fought for access to the same social opportunities which awaited American men. These changes, still quite certainly observable today by the presence of women at every level of government, professional occupation and social strata, have been nonetheless diminished by what we may suggest through the lens of Margaret Atwood's groundbreaking 1985 satire, The Handmaid's Tale. "
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Gender and Sexual Inequality, 2007.
Looks at gender and sexual inequality in the workplace.
2,890 words (approx. 11.6 pages), 4 sources, APA, AU$ 91.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that gender and sexual inequality in the workplace is a very important aspect of modern American sociology today and asks why this situation exists today. The paper then presents a literature review and a list of various positions in a fictitious banking institution to show these disparities related to sex. The author concludes that the main culprit is the patriarchal system, which has been in existence in the United States since its earliest days.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Literature Review
Methodology
Discussion of Findings
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Another area of concern is politics, especially as it relates to the status of women in the world of employment. For many years, beginning roughly with the Equal Pay Act of 1963 which mandated "equal pay for men and women doing the same work," employers have utilized special rules regarding appropriate positions and pay for women, such as "formal and informal restrictions on positions, separate male and female sections in help wanted ads, differential pay scales for men and women in the same job (and) pay scales set in accordance with the gender composition of jobs." "
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Gender Inequality in Information Systems, 2008.
An analysis of the literature regarding gender inequality within information systems.
756 words (approx. 3.0 pages), 3 sources, MLA, AU$ 28.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes issues of gender inequality and the relevance of feminist epistemology in information systems. It reviews three articles, "Feminist Philosophy and Information Systems" by Alison Adam and Helen Richardson, "The Army and the Microworld: Computers and the Politics of Gender Identity" by Paul Edwards and "Slouching Toward the Ordinary: Current Trends in Computer Mediated Communication" by Susan Herring.
From the Paper
"In conclusion, these three articles on gender role allocations within CMC and IS provide a varied, yet informative view of the historical, social, and feminist ideology of patriarchal systems. However, it is the Adam and Richardson article that best defines the role of empiricism and objectivity in determining the epistemological problems of patriarchal constructs in computer communications. Although a historical analysis of the feminist movement and the current issues of generational decay may inherently be problematic in modern IS, the issue a feminist ideology that must define the reality of gender disparity is the more important premise of the research done by Adam and Richardson."
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Systematic Gender Inequality, 2008.
This paper reflects on Canadian gender inequalities in the workplace and asserts that a proactive approach in policy is needed in order to achieve positive change.
2,572 words (approx. 10.3 pages), 12 sources, APA, AU$ 82.95
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Abstract
This paper asserts that, although some gains have been made, women in Canada still have not achieved equality in the Canadian labour market. It is argued that this reflects a lingering, pervasive and in fact systemic inequality of the sexes within society. Furthermore, this essay advocates that policy changes should be made at federal and provincial government levels to encourage change. Specifically, the author argues that affirmative action, by way of quota policies, must be introduced and that childcare needs to be regarded by policy makers as being of paramount importance.
From the Paper
"On a simplistic level, the 1999 Workplace and Employee Survey tries to explain this differential by analysing its causes. For example, it found that 20% of the differential can be attributed to the fact that women primarily work in low-wage industries. Another 10% is attributed to the fact that women had on average 14 years of full-time experience, compared with 18 years of such experience for men. The latter is a socio-economic reality related to the demands of child-bearing, which are currently inadequately addressed by government policies. It was also found that the fact that more women worked for a part-time rate accounted for some 11% of the gap, as for obscure reasons, companies with a large part-time work force usually pay lower wages. Another 7% of the gap was attributed to 3 factors: the fact that women are less likely to work in self-directed teams (which are better-paid); the fact that fewer women work for foreign-owned companies, which pay higher wages; and the fact that less women work for wages that are tied to performance (which tends to result in higher pay) (Statistics Canada)."
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Gender Inequality and the Internet, 2004.
This paper discusses the difference in Internet use by men and women.
1,535 words (approx. 6.1 pages), 12 sources, APA, AU$ 54.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that that women are less frequent users of the Internet and new related technologies as compared to men, which creates a wide gender gap, but that gap is diminishing. The author points out that women are victims of Internet pornography, since hundreds of sites reveal them in degrading fashion, thereby making gender inequality a more intense and pervasive issue. The paper relates that the under-representation of women in professional fields such as science, mathematics, and computing plays an important role in the existing gender inequality in the cyberspace.
From the Paper
"Amazingly, the same trend exists even after eight highly progressive years in which women have mostly been able to overcome or minimize the gender gap in many areas. While more women access Internet today than they used to in mid-1990s, their access points are still the same and due to this, men are heavier and more intense users. A recent report by US Department of Commerce, Falling Through the Net: Defining the Digital Divide states that, "Both sexes use the Internet more at home than elsewhere. Males generally access the Internet by about three percentage points more, regardless of location, and equal 34.3% in total access.""
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How does Gender Intersect with Inequality, 2006.
A discussion regarding the social structures of our society with respect to gender.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 5 sources, AU$ 56.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews the social structures that shape gender in our society, based in some part upon biological determinants, and the degree to which gender is socially constructed possesses striking levels of convergence with inequalities with respect to class and race as well. This essay examines the social structuring of inequality in respect to gender, race and inequality in order to highlight both the social determinants of gender stratification and how this has converged with inequalities of race and class over time.
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Religion and Gender Inequality, 2008.
An analysis of the role of religion in gender discrimination, especially in Canada.
2,342 words (approx. 9.4 pages), 8 sources, APA, AU$ 77.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the role of organized religion in ideas and practices regarding the social construction of gender. The writer believes that the three religions in the Judeo-Christian tradition, i.e. Judaism, Islam and Christianity, have helped to sustain deeply sexist cultures. The writer argues that these religions are so deeply patriarchal that reform along feminist lines is simply not possible. The writer also points out that the primary religion affecting state decisions in Canada is Christianity, although there are also many Canadian women who are kept subjugated by Islam and Judaism. In conclusion, the writer suggests that the key is to move our society as far away as possible from religious dogma of all kinds. Feminists in Canada must therefore strive to increase the separation of church and state in this country.
From the Paper
"Judaism, Islam and Christianity are similar in that they all espouse the doctrine of belief in one, very-definitely male, god. Therefore, they may be perceived as patriarchal monotheisms, based on an all-powerful, father-like God. This God varies in specifics; for example, whether he is primarily kind and loving, or primarily wrathful and vengeance-driven. However, he is much the same in all the essentials - he is all-powerful, all-seeing, omniscient, and male. Moreover, one could make a strong argument that all three of these gods are also misogynistic."
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Gender and Class Inequalities in Education, 2005.
An analysis of gender and class inequalities in education, including possible solutions.
1,575 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 7 sources, AU$ 66.95
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Abstract
The paper examines the implications of gender and class inequalities, presenting some of the key points and problems most often associated with these issues in an educational context. The writer examines various solutions to these inequalities, and explores social policies that could be used to alleviate the differences created by gender and class in education.
From the Paper
"Modern human societies are far from egalitarian. By this I mean that in West we have cultivated a social system that too often divides individuals and groups into either haves or have-nots. The consequence is inequality, bias, and prejudice that can leave a large proportion of society struggling to achieve any measure of success. On the other hand, some individuals and groups have much less difficulty in securing rights and privileges in society. Sometimes this has to do with the will to succeed, as the American mythos would have us believe. Unfortunately, more often than not, a complicated mix of social, cultural, and historical forces are at play reducing the chance that individuals from certain groups can succeed. Two of the categories upon which our society often divides people into the privileged and underprivileged are gender and social class. But why talk about these two characteristics together?"
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Gender Inequalities in France, 2007.
This paper traces the history of feminism in France from 1450 to the present.
1,708 words (approx. 6.8 pages), 10 sources, MLA, AU$ 59.95
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Abstract
The paper explores how gender inequalities have held back, impoverished, or degraded French society. The paper looks at both past and present changes within policies and attitudes. The paper discusses inequalities that continue to exist and the ways in which this affects women living in contemporary France.
Outline:
Introduction
Gender Inequality throughout the Ages
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Women would appear to be half-hidden within French history, with the result that they are often seen through modern eyes as having either been hopelessly exploited drones, or antiquated feminists attempting a hopeless struggle against the patriarchy. Neither view, however, is true. Throughout the sixteenth, seventeenth, and eighteenth centuries, cultural and political events increasingly enabled women to increasingly speak out against various different inequalities and injustices. Moreover, although modern feminism was obviously nonexistent, there were still many women who managed to express themselves, while also exposing the conditions they faced, through utilizing varied creative and/or subversive methods (Steven M. Beaudoin, 2001)."
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Gender Inequalities in the Workplace, 2001.
Examples and critique of gender discrimination in the workforce with reference to two major lawsuits and Title VII of the Civil Rights Act.
1,425 words (approx. 5.7 pages), 12 sources, AU$ 50.95
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Abstract
This essay serves to examine the wage inequalities between men and women in the modern day workforce. It references two specific examples of gender discrimination; Ann Hopkins' suit against Price Waterhouse in 1982 and Muriel Kraszewski's suit against State Farm. The author also explains in detail the ramifications of Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, which attempts to protect the rights of women who work in the same jobs as men.
From the Paper
"In order to fully gain equal employment and fairness, traditionally male positions must be opened to females. This is the only way to shatter the glass walls and ceilings that are so prevalent in today's society. Many women have fought discrimination and improved their own lives and the lives of countless other women over the span of several generations. The first step in creating equality in the workplace is to inform women of their rights. The next step is for these women to exercise their rights. Women can no longer allow themselves to be excluded from the workforce. Individuals concerned about equality should press for the continuation and strengthening of better paying jobs for women, and this support must not come from women alone. In order for our society to foster this change, we must understand why these changes are necessary. Society requires that men and women work together and this is not likely to change. What must change is the way that we work together. "
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Gender Inequities among Transplants, 2002.
This paper discusses the organ transplant system and the organ donation system with reference to gender equality.
1,400 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 5 sources, AU$ 56.95
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Abstract
The statistics show quite clearly that in some cases, men are receiving almost twice as many transplants as women. This paper discusses some of the possible reasons for this inequity. This paper gives a brief history of the transplant system and a very brief overview of the patient selection process as well.
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Inequality in Literature, 2006.
This paper reviews and examines the themes of racial and gender inequality present in William Faulkner's "That Evening Sun" and Zora Neale Hurston's "Sweat."
1,877 words (approx. 7.5 pages), 4 sources, MLA, AU$ 64.95
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Abstract
The writer of this paper focuses on Nancy and Delia, the main characters in "That Evening Sun" by William Faulkner and "Sweat" by Zora Neale Hurston, respectively. This paper analyzes how both authors deal with issues of gender and racial injustice in America in the early 1900s and show how two different solutions to a similar problem can lead to two very distinct outcomes. The repression of women by men is prevalent throughout both novels and clearly cited in this paper. This paper reviews the plots of both novels, while at the same time detailing the many similarities between Delia and Nancy, which underscore the role that race, gender and social class play in each of their suffering. Nancy is a housekeeper while Delia is a wash-woman. Their jobs are similarly menial. The writer discusses the manner in which both Nancy and Delia essentially share the problem of social injustice toward black women as well as how each woman resolves the situation she's in. The writer contends that Faulkner lets the reader see the silence, acceptance of inequality and re-activity in Nancy's solution while Hurston shows speaking-up, denial of inequality and pro-activity, which leads to a better life for Delia.
From the Paper
"The many similarities between Nancy and Delia underscore the role that race, gender, and social class play in each of their suffering. Nancy is a housekeeper; Delia is a washwoman. Their jobs are similarly menial. Such jobs were typical for black women in the American South at the time, and, for most black women. In most cases, this was the only kind of work they could find. Faulkner and Hurston each choose black women as main characters in order to illustrate how black women in particular were treated by men at this time. Nancy and Delia have one very serious common problem: each is violently abused, and violently repressed by her husband. Delia works very hard to own her dream home, but Sykes still feels that because he is the man of the house, he has the right to control Delia. Jesus and Sykes each act as leaders of their households, not because Nancy and Delia want to be followers, but because they, as men, insist on dominating their wives."
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Gender Discrimination in American Schools, 2002.
An exploration of gender inequality in American schools.
2,180 words (approx. 8.7 pages), 8 sources, MLA, AU$ 72.95
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Abstract
This paper investigates the claim that girls are discriminated against within the American education system. The paper begins with a definition of key terms and a review of the research on gender inequality in schools. The differing viewpoints on the topic are considered and the causes and influences of gender bias are looked at. Discrimination amongst staff is also touched on. The paper concludes with recommendations for improving the situation.
From the Paper
"Gender equity, in education, is defined as, "the provision of equality of opportunity and the realization of equality of results for all students based on individual aptitudes, abilities and interests, regardless of gender" (AAUW, 1999). The failure to ensure this equity is known as gender discrimination, or gender bias. Within education, the existence of gender discrimination can be determined by a wide range of factors, such as; enrollment levels; exam results; the manner in which teachers respond to, and interact with, students; the topics and materials used within the teaching process; and the manner in which the school environment and social conditions influence the students. In 1972 the US Department of Education passed Title IX, a set of amendments aimed at reforming gender inequity in schools."
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