| Papers [1-16] of 100 :: [Page 1 of 7] | | Go to page : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 —> | Search results on "GENDER CROSS CULTURAL PERSPECTIVES": |
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"Gender in Cross-Cultural Perspectives", 2004.
A review and critique of the anthropology textbook, "Gender in Cross-Cultural Perspectives," by Caroline B. Brettell and Carolyn F. Sargent.
4,824 words (approx. 19.3 pages), 1 source, MLA, AU$ 198.95
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Abstract
This paper presents a section-by-section review of the anthropology textbook, "Gender in Cross-Cultural Perspectives," compiled by Caroline B. Brettell and Carolyn F. Sargent. The paper provides examples from each chapter of the book. Each section of the book deals with the myriad and diverse studies of gender.
From the Paper
"One very interesting angle on the study of man and woman in prehistory is provided by Lila Leibowitz (?Perspectives on the Evolution of Sex Differences?), who provided a detailed account of primates? male-female roles. In the end, after writing an intriguing article, Leibowitz concludes that there is currently a ?distorted? collection of evidence as to the gender roles in primates. Her hypothesis is very compelling, and she does not seem to be elitist in the least (which sometimes happens with scholars whose knowledge far surpasses the lay person). She explains that her hypothesis is presented in response ?to a spate of evolutionary theories which stress that our sex-role destiny along with our sexual anatomy was settled a long time ago.? Clearly she does not espouse a rigid view of the evolution of physical differences between men and women, and how sex roles came about. She calls for more study of the existing data."
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Cultural Units in Cross-Cultural Research, 2000.
The following paper is a review of De Munch and Korotayev's "Cultural Units in Cross-Cultural Research."
720 words (approx. 2.9 pages), 0 sources, AU$ 41.95
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Abstract
The writer of this paper critically analyzes the ways in which De Munch and Korotayev start out by explaining that it is difficult to research across cultures because of "cross-cultural pollenization" that is, one culture tends to absorb some traits of the other. They point out that without adequate controls, the research can give both false confirmations of the hypothesis as well as false negatives. This paper is a negative critique of Cultural Units in Cross-Cultural Research.
From the Paper
"The first group might look culturally diverse at first: 4 Spanish; 4 Iraqi; 1 Russian; 1 Estonian; 1 Javanese; 1 Ganda; one Greek; one Maronite-Lebanese. However, this group had significant cultural similarities, which the authors of course knew because they contrived the group. Some of the clerics were Catholic and therefore celibate. Others were Moslem and allowed more than one wife. It is hard to imagine how this example sheds any light on either cross-cultural studies or statistical and research methods."
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Cross-cultural Adaptation of Procter & Gamble, 2008.
A discussion of Procter & Gamble's approach to its cross-cultural customer base.
3,285 words (approx. 13.1 pages), 21 sources, APA, AU$ 152.95
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Abstract
This paper examines Procter and Gamble's (P&G) cross-cultural adaptation strategies. The paper claims that cross-cultural adaptation is essential for any company that wants to survive the globalization process. The adaptation required is to both the internal and the external environment. The paper includes graphs to illustrate this. It concludes that P&G's power to create successful brands for diverse populations worldwide is one of the most valuable keys of success for the giant manufacturer.
Outline:
Company Overview
Cross-cultural Adaptations
Adaptation Weaknesses
From the Paper
"The company provides products for a wide range of customers: mid-income (Tide), higher income (Ariel), male (Gillette), female (Always), normal hair (Herbal essences), special care (Pantene), special need (Head and Shoulders), etc. The product portfolio diversification is one of the company's growth strategies. This is done by acquiring new products, such as Gillette or by engaging in strategic partnership, such as the one with Wrigley Co. One other growth strategy is innovation for existing products: new flavors, new recipes, new effects, new packaging, and so one. Finally, one other strategy is to keep fresh the customer's awareness through permanent promotional activity."
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Cross-Cultural Communication, 2008.
This paper explains how individuals can overcome the obstacles presented by differing cultural perspectives and backgrounds.
1,205 words (approx. 4.8 pages), 5 sources, APA, AU$ 67.95
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Abstract
The paper argues that inter-cultural dialogue leading to inter-cultural harmony is possible if people are willing to embrace the humility and open-mindedness essential for healthy dialogue between themselves and others whose backgrounds differ from their own. The paper shows how differences in perspective and in background do not have to lead to complications in cross-cultural communication. The paper stresses the importance of students adopting an open and enthusiastic mind-set, so they can overcome the challenges inherent in cross-cultural communication.
From the Paper
"It is tempting to argue that cross-cultural narratives are not the sort of things that can be overcome by education - no matter how well-intentioned. For example, even after years of trying, there is still much confusion and uncertainty complicating the relationship between Christians and Muslims, between blacks and whites, between former colonial subjects and former colonial masters, in western society and, indeed, in other societies, as well; simply put, human ignorance is more resilient than most of us might have thought possible at one time. With this in mind, the idea that it might be possible to overcome cross-cultural barriers through a more inclusive and responsive dialogue is one that understandably needs to be defended vigorously from its many critics."
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An Analysis of Cross-Cultural Management Issues, 2007.
Motivation management in the cross-cultural setting of Asian expatriate employees in a Norwegian workplace.
17,939 words (approx. 71.8 pages), 73 sources, MLA, AU$ 401.95
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Abstract
In an increasingly globalized marketplace, it has become more important than ever to recognize the fundamental differences required to effectively manage people from different cultures. Because organizations are comprised of people, the accomplishment of any organizational goal will require the cooperation and commitment of people who may be from drastically different walks of life who hold divergent worldviews. This study seeks to better understand these issues through a critical review of the relevant literature and a cultural survey of Asian expatriate employees assigned to major Norwegian industry. The results of the review and survey clearly indicates the need for management styles that recognized these cultural differences. The research also suggests that many managers of multicultural organizations today may be overlooking an opportunity for improvement by ignoring these cultural realities, and in some cases these omissions may spell the difference between success and failure of the organization. A summary of the research, relevant conclusions and timely recommendations concerning cross-cultural management issues are provided in the concluding chapter.
Table of Contents
Abstract
Chapter 1: Introduction
Statement of the Problem
Purpose of Study
Importance of Study
Overview of Study
Chapter 2: Review of Related Literature
Background and Overview
The Company and Setting
The Resource Based View
Cross-Cultural Management
Motivation Management
Commitment and Psychological Contract-Norwegians and Asians
Chapter 3: Methodology
Description of the Study Approach
Data-gathering Method and Database of Study
Chapter 4: Data
Chapter 5: Analysis of Data/Results
Chapter 6: Summary, Conclusions and Recommendations
From the Paper
"The topic to be explored in this study concerned motivation management in a cross-cultural setting. To accomplish this investigation, a critical review of the peer-reviewed, scholarly and organizational literature will be followed by an analysis of how well a Norwegian organization manages expatriate employees from Asian countries in its domestic headquarters. It is reasonable to assume that people with the same cultural background will be able to better understand and appreciate the subtleties involved in human communication and those from diverse and different backgrounds will experience some problems. Furthermore, people with different worldviews may have trouble comprehending cultural concepts of others."
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Cross-Cultural Knowledge Management, 2004.
A look at the use of cross-cultural knowledge management in a multi-national corporation.
1,057 words (approx. 4.2 pages), 24 sources, MLA, AU$ 60.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how multi-national corporations, which operate across international frontiers on a global level, manage their knowledge resources and their multi-cultural employees. It looks at how individuals of different nationalities and cultures must operate as a team with some control of the multi-national corporation?s knowledge database. It shows how knowledge is the greatest of all assets, and how the provision of cross?cultural experiences should always be available with the minimum of hassles. Senior knowledge workers and cross-cultural managers should, by themselves, be an asset to the corporation for their knowledge, but their needs and past service should also be recognized.
From the Paper
"A cross-cultural team may be absolutely necessary and the corporation?s vital interests may depend on the smooth operation of such a team. The metaphors that can be derived from a multi cultural team include military, sports, community, family, and associates. There are different expectations about team roles, scope, membership, and objectives that arise in different cultural contexts and these as well as the success of the project have to be managed. Cross cultural management, therefore, has a human resource management dimension in the sense that cross cultural managers must be trained, acquired and deployed keeping in mind factors which are fair to the managers as well as the corporation."
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A Cross-Cultural Study of Five Cultures, 2000.
An analysis of cross-cultural testing for several personality traits, such as impulsiveness, aggression, and play.
2,966 words (approx. 11.9 pages), 5 sources, AU$ 141.95
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From the Paper
"Paunonen, Zeidner, Oosterveld and Maliphant (2000) used a novel personality inventory called The Nonverbal Personality Questionnaire consisting of 136 items that measured the 16 personality traits of: affiliation, exhibition, play, nurturance, aggression, dominance, achievement, endurance, order, impulsivity, social recognition, succorance, autonomy, thrill-seeking, sentience and understanding. The subjects were asked to estimate the likelihood that they would engage in such behavior or the like, for example, a drawing of an upside-down person on a chord attached to a ledge would be the equivalent of " I like bungee jumping? in a worded personality test."
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Cross- Cultural Therapy, 2002.
A discussion of the issues involved in counseling and the therapeutic process for the cross-cultural population.
2,700 words (approx. 10.8 pages), 6 sources, AU$ 153.95
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Abstract
Discusses issues involved in counseling & the therpeutic process for the cross-cultural population. General issues, individual race issues & issues related to the therapeutic process. Need for mental health professionals to have complete understanding of the issues invoolved to achieve effective counseling. Cultural attributes of Asian-Americans, Native Americans, African-Ameicans, Hispanic population. How to improve cross-cultural therapy.
From the Paper
"Salient Issues in Cross-Cultural Therapy
Cultural competency in psychotherapy and counseling grew in importance in the last two decades, until the American Psychological Association (APA) accreditation criteria and Ethical mandates were established to ensure the comprehensive training in this area for all students in applied psychology (Neville, Heppner, Louie, Thompson, Brooks, & Baker, 1996).
This paper presents the issues that have been found to be salient in the therapeutic process for the cross-cultural population, including general issues, individual race issues, and issues related to the therapeutic relationship.
The mental health professional must have a comprehensive understanding of socio-cultural, biological, and psychological factors..."
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Cross-Cultural Management, 2002.
An analysis of cross-cultural management in the workplace.
2,862 words (approx. 11.4 pages), 6 sources, MLA, AU$ 137.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how to manage cross-cultural differences in the workplace so that the rights and sensibilities of each person are respected. It shows by example how a good manager can use determination and creativity to solve cross-cultural misunderstandings, but how it also requires a corporate culture that supports such managerial tasks. It considers how human nature makes us categorize automatically and how most workers and indeed most managers are unaware of the ways in which they may either discriminate against or try to suppress differences in today?s multi-cultural workforce.
From the Paper
"Although it is a clich? of the business world, it is nonetheless also true that no business that neglects ? or abuses ? its workers can prosper for long. Badly trained, badly prepared, or badly treated workers do not do their best ? and indeed, why should they? The best way to get the most out of a worker is to ensure that that worker feels appreciated and respected, and it is the job of those in supervisorial and managerial positions who must ensure that an environment of mutual respect in instigated and maintained."
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The Yanomamo and Cross-Cultural Marriage, 2002.
An introduction to the South American Indian tribe, the Yanomamo and and an exploration into their customs, including their system of cross-cultural marriage.
2,630 words (approx. 10.5 pages), 10 sources, MLA, AU$ 128.95
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Abstract
A paper which examines the Yanomami people - a remote tribe in the Tropical Forest on the border between Venezuela and Brazil. The paper shows their customs and culture and focuses on their system of cross-cultural marriage which follows a bilateral cross-cousin marriage system. The paper also discusses Napoleon A. Chagnon, a young American ethnographer who brought the knowledge of Yanomamo ethnography to the world.
From the Paper
"The practice of infanticide is practiced in their culture. This is one of the reasons why there are more males than women. If a female is born she is killed at birth. They feel that women are inferior. Some Yanomamo women kill their infant because they fear the wrath of their husbands for having a female baby. The Yanomano may choke the baby with a vine, suffocating the infant by placing a stick across her nose, or slamming her against a tree. "
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Cross-Cultural Training Methods, 2002.
A review of the article "A practical but theory-based framework for selecting cross-cultural training methods" by J. Stewart Black and Mark Mendenhall.
762 words (approx. 3.0 pages), 0 sources, AU$ 44.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the above article which establishes the need to create a bridge between business cultures in order to be successful in the business world. It discusses the necessity for a proper framework that effectively administers cross cultural training (CCT) that must be adequate to specific needs, must be flexible for different people and nationalities and must be complete in all respects so that business executives have the necessary confidence when they deal with other cultural groups in order to avoid misunderstandings that may cause the failure of a potential business feat. It discusses how Social Learning Theory (SLT) complements CCT in an effective training schedule and how this may be implemented to help pinpoint training requirements.
From the Paper
"Since business operations cannot be delineated from good relationships, this aspect of doing business is very much important. In international businesses different nationalities have to interact with each other in various degrees. It is imperative to know the cultural backgrounds, customs and practices of a country before one tries to establish a long-term business relationship with the people of that country. In fact a long lasting business relationship will be in place only if people are comfortable with each other and are confident to interact with each other. It is here that the concept of cross-cultural training comes into the picture."
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Cross-Cultural Trade, 2007.
A review of Philip Curtin's "Cross-Cultural Trade in World History".
1,668 words (approx. 6.7 pages), 1 source, MLA, AU$ 87.95
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Abstract
This paper examines Philip Curtin's critically-acclaimed text, "Cross-Cultural Trade in World History". In particular, the paper evaluates a significant issue found within the body of the text and analyzes Curtin's treatment of it. The paper also provides the author's personal opinion on the subject. In addition, the paper emphasizes Curtin's point that trade among peoples never entails merely the exchange of goods; rather, it entails the creation of cultural linkages, as well as the forging of new ideas courtesy of the collision of different modes of thinking.
From the Paper
"To close, this paper has looked at cross-cultural trade as discussed in Philip D. Curtin's excellent 1984 text, Cross-Cultural Trade in World History. Although Curtin does seem to fall short in some respects - he clearly fails to draw links between the past and the present at appropriate times (at least in the view of this writer) - the book is an excellent "run-down" of cross-cultural trade and how cultural, intellectual and (more arguably) technological transmission flowed from economic exchange. In the end, the paper is an important contribution to a worthwhile debate."
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Cross-Cultural Romantic Relationships, 2003.
Examines the role language plays in cross-cultural relationships.
1,575 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 9 sources, AU$ 89.95
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Abstract
The paper shows how language functions to affect the shape and outcome of cross-cultural dating. It examines the social context of intercultural romance and discusses globalization as a part of personal relationships and social interactions.
From the Paper
"This research examines the role of language in cross-cul.tural romantic relationships. It explores how language functions to affect, for good or ill, the shape and outcome of cross-cultural dating. First the re.search will provide a social context in ..."
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Cross-Cultural Management, 2002.
A look at cross-cultural management in the workplace.
2,150 words (approx. 8.6 pages), 18 sources, AU$ 129.95
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Abstract
This paper describes the state of cross cultural management and the challenges associated with it in the workplace.
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Research Project in Cross Cultural Communication, 2004.
Discusses theories of cross cultural communication and applies them to Arab business communication.
3,450 words (approx. 13.8 pages), 17 sources, APA, AU$ 192.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses theories of cross cultural communication and applies them to Arab business communication. It uses a study of Kuwaiti businessmen's attitudes toward Western communication styles and activities. The paper reviews relevant literature on the subject.
From the Paper
This report first examined the professional and scholarly literature on cross-cultural communication and its underpinning theory. The report contains ..."
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"Cross-Cultural Business Negotiations", 2008.
A chapter by chapter review of the content of "Cross-Cultural Business Negotiations" by D. Hendon, R. Hendon and P. Herbig.
1,746 words (approx. 7.0 pages), 1 source, MLA, AU$ 91.95
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Abstract
This paper provides a chapter by chapter review of D. Hendon, R. Hendon and P. Herbig's 1999 book, "Cross-Cultural Business Negotiations." The paper discusses how the authors define negotiations and provides an overview of what they refer to as the "art of negotiations." It discusses the focus of each chapter and how the authors express and explain their arguments in each chapter.
Table of Contents:
Review Chapters 1-2
Review Chapters 3-4
Review Chapters 5-6
Review Chapters 7-9
From the Paper
"The authors also proclaim there are two primary forms of contract that can result from cross-cultural negotiations. These include an explicit and detailed contract that outlines every contingency contained within a contractual arrangement; a second type of contract is one that is "implicit" in nature, one that is often based on "oral arrangements" or agreements that allows parties to address problems through personal relationships and greater trust or intimacy (Hendon, Hendon & Herbig, p. 111). It is important for business people to recognize the significance a contract holds when signed; for example, from an American or Western perspective, a contract may represent a binding agreement that summarizes the collaborative negotiations achieved with a second or third party. For others a contract may symbolize an opportunity to create more intimate, personal relationships with members of other countries and cultures. Among the Chinese as noted, a contract symbolizes the start of, rather than the closing, of business negotiations with another party (Hendon, Hendon & Herbig, p. 112) Understanding these differences will lead to better success in the negotiation process."
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