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GDP and Economic Structure: Morocco, 2004.
Analysis of the economic structure of Morocco from 1984 to 2003.
1,130 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 9 sources, MLA, AU$ 63.95
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Abstract
This paper presents an analysis of the economic structure of Morocco from 1984 to 2003. It looks at Morocco as a developing country and discusses Gross Domestic Product, GDP performance and export trade performance. The paper includes tables.
From the Paper
"Subsequently Morocco occupied and attempted to annex the Western Sahara. The status of the annexation remains unresolved. Morocco as a developing country confronts problems for which most developing countries must find solutions modernizing and opening the economy, privatizing state-owned enterprises, reversing the import-export imbalance and so forth. .."
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Team Structure, 2006.
This paper discusses the structure of an organization and recommends a team structure.
2,138 words (approx. 8.6 pages), 7 sources, APA, AU$ 107.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer recommends a team structure within an organization, where employees are promoted to the position of team leader. The many benefits of the team structure are described in this paper. In describing the benefits, the writer demonstrates that the proposed structure provides for the needs of the organization. The writer describes that the structure allows for the new employees to be integrated effectively, for contract deadlines to be met, and for training to occur in an effective way where new employees can immediately contribute effectively to projects. It also provides for other needs, including providing for future human resource needs, allowing flexibility, increasing employee motivation, and providing a positive work culture. The writer concludes that this structure is effective in providing for current needs and for future needs.
Table of Contents:
Suitability of the Organization Structure
Meeting Training Needs
Planning for Future Needs
Providing for Flexibility Needs
Organizational Structure and Motivation
Promoting a Positive Work Culture
Conclusion
From the Paper
"One of the critical factors in determining an appropriate organizational structure is based on the way the organization is suddenly expanding to double its current size. This creates control issues that would not be present if the expansion was gradual. Most importantly, the new employees need to be integrated effectively in a way that allows the organization to continue to operate efficiently. In addition, it is not feasible for one manager to control the integration of so many new employees. This leads to the conclusion that a second level must be added to the hierarchy. All the designers can no longer report directly to the general manager. Instead, the general manager needs to take a more strategic position and allow other staff members to control and manage processes on a daily process. The first question to be answered is how this level of hierarchy would be best implemented.
One option for the company would be to hire someone to take on the position of general manager, with the current general manager taking on a higher level CEO position. This could also be achieved by promoting someone from within to general manager."
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Organizational Structure, 2004.
A comparison of traditional organizational structures to other types and a look at what influences an organization's structure.
1,100 words (approx. 4.4 pages), 9 sources, APA, AU$ 62.95
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Abstract
An organization?s structure is one of the key factors in whether or not an organization is operating efficiently and effectively. Yet, it is one of the more ubiquitous facets of an organization. An organization?s structure does more than just identify the chain of command; it demonstrates the values of the organization and lays out the individual?s responsibilities for the organization?s success. This paper describes the formal, or traditional, organizational structure and how it compares with other structures. In addition, it discusses how informal culture affects formal structure, as well as the role of power and politics within an organization?s culture. Finally, this paper discusses which leadership styles are most effective for traditional and informal organizational structures.
From the Paper
"Combining divisional and functional structures is the design of a matrix structure. (Harris & Raviv, 2002) Unlike a traditional structure, the matrix structure is not typically utilized for the entire organization. Organizational members that are part of the matrix usually have a central base they function from, but have the flexibility to work with other groups or on special projects, as the organization?s needs demand."
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The Matrix Structure, 2004.
An analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of using the matrix structure to manage projects.
2,893 words (approx. 11.6 pages), 11 sources, MLA, AU$ 137.95
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Abstract
This paper evaluates the use of the matrix structure to manage projects. It commences with a brief discussion on the two extreme forms of organizational structure, namely, the functional and the project team. It then goes into the evolution of the matrix structure as a fundamental structure in project management. It also discusses the differing forms of matrices and analyzes the advantages of the matrix over the two extreme forms of organizational structure in order to identify those instances in which a particular structure should be used. It also attempts to determine how the matrix disadvantages may be overcome.
From the Paper
"The very nature of the matrix organisation promotes cost saving in terms of shared balanced use of resources to individual projects. This approach allows for greater control in scheduling and prioritising to optimise total system performance, rather than to achieve the goals of one project at the expense of others (Mantel et al 2003, p197). The project will also have access to the primary administrative units of the parent organisation, ensuring a consistency in procedures, policies, and practices. Mantel et al (2003, p197) identifies this practice as ?tending to foster project credibility in the administration of the parent organisation?."
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Nature amd Structure Of Business Organizations, 1999.
Examines past, present and future paradigms. Discusses bureacracy, information-based business, strategy-structure-systems management, hierarchical structure and downsizing.
1,575 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 6 sources, AU$ 89.95
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Abstract
The future of the business organization has been analyzed by a number of theorists in recent years as they look to the beginning of a new century and a new millennium. Many find that the organization of the future will involve less bureaucracy and more small-scale community based structures, and they find evidence of this in companies that today are developing smaller-scale structures and work units with a higher degree of autonomy than would be expected in a hierarchical organization.
From the Paper
"INTRODUCTION
The future of the business organization has been analyzed by a number of theorists in recent years as they look to the beginning of a new century and a new millennium. Many find that the organization of the future will involve less bureaucracy and more small-scale community based structures, and they find evidence of this in companies that today are developing smaller-scale structures and work units with a higher degree of autonomy than would be expected in a hierarchical organization. Developing this new structure will involve shifts not only in structure but in ways of thinking about problems, opportunities, and strategies. An examination of some of the issues will lead to a consideration of what must be done to create this organization of the future."
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PepsiCo's Organizational Structure, 2008.
An analysis of the effective and efficient model of organizational structure and management within PepsiCo.
899 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 6 sources, MLA, AU$ 50.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses PepsiCo's organizational structure and describes how it has used this structure effectively in the past. It describes how their organizational structure is solid enough to manage its massive food and drink empire. It also looks at the way in which PepsiCo's organizational structure is dynamic enough to take advantage of new opportunities, such as emerging markets, resource availability and acquisitions.
From the Paper
"When it comes to physical assets there are three ways PepsiCo's dynamic structure can be of benefit. First, PepsiCo has the ability to bring their white collar job openings to where the talent is rather than recruiting employees to come to them. PepsiCo has recently taken advantage of this ability in Chicago. As Julie Johnsson and Greg Hinz (2005) write, "After losing thousands of white-collar jobs during the last recession, downtown Chicago is seeing a resurgence in brain power as big companies open splashy offices designed to attract professionals in their 20s and 30s who don't want to trek to the burbs" (p. 1). The resurgence Johnson and Hinz are talking about includes PepsiCo moving its Gatorade Sports Science Institute from Texas to Chicago. By doing this PepsiCo is taking advantage of an abundant professional workforce and underutilized, therefore affordable, office space."
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Capital Structure, 2006.
An overview of different theories of capital structure.
2,698 words (approx. 10.8 pages), 6 sources, APA, AU$ 129.95
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Abstract
This paper presents an overview of several different theories of corporate capital structure, focusing particularly on the differences between the traditionalist view of capital structure and the Modigliani-Miller view. The paper points out that there are two major differences between the traditionalist view of corporate capital structure and the Modigliani-Miller view, explaining that the first difference lay in the traditional view's contention that the value and cost of capital of a firm is interrelated to its capital structure, whereas the Modigliani-Miller view contends that they are independent of each other. The paper next explains that the second major difference is that the Modigliani-Miller view indicates a linear relationship between shareholder rate of return and firm leverage, which means that at low levels of debt the cost of equity increases faster under the Modigliani-Miller theorem than it does under the traditional View. The paper also takes a look at several other modern theories of corporate capital structure and investigates how these theories differ from the Modigliani-Miller view.
From the Paper
"Generally the capital structure of a company is much influenced by the practical influences like managerial shareholdings, corporate strategy and taxation. The investment strategy by firms necessitates managers to explore the methods of financing new investment. The managers practice three main preferences: utilization of retained earnings, borrowing through debt instruments or issue of new shares. Thus the retained earnings, debt and equity constitute the three primary ingredients of the capital structure of the firm. The first two ingredients show ownership by shareholders and the second ingredient shows ownership by means of debt holders. The financing policy, capital structure and firms ownership are inextricably linked in representing the ways the economic agents form and alter their asset acquisition behavior via firms and capital markets and impact their income levels and returns to asset holdings in the form of capital gains, dividends or direct remuneration,. (Company Financing, Capital Structure, and Ownership: A Survey and Implications for Developing Economies)"
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Mammalian Social Structure and Cooperation, 2003.
A look at the intricate details of social structure and methods of cooperation in primates, dolphins, and wolves.
4,106 words (approx. 16.4 pages), 21 sources, MLA, AU$ 177.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how the social structures of primates, dolphins, and wolves are complex societies composed of sexual and foraging factors. It looks at how primates vary by species in regard to which mode of group structure they incorporate, but all are based on the process of reproduction. It examines how dolphins exist in cooperative pods, with all members equally contributing to a hunt. It shows how wolves have a strict hierarchy with dominant leaders and hunt as an efficient group.
Outline
Abstract
Introduction
Primate Social Structure
Dolphin Social Structure
Wolf Social Structure
Wolf Teamwork
Dolphin Teamwork
Primate Teamwork
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Wolves live in cooperative breeding packs or family units of five to ten or as many as thirty individuals (Wolflore.com 2003). Pack to pack interactions are rare due to large, well defined territories. These interactions are often aggressive and violent when they occur. A pack is an extended family where every individual understands their position in the hierarchy. The highest ranking members, often the most senior mating pair, are called the alpha wolves. Other members will frequently surround him, howling and sticking muzzles in his face to reaffirm attachment and define the group. This dominant male keeps the pack emotionally centered (Fuller 2003). The next step down is the beta wolf, with both a male and female."
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Organizational Structure and Leadership, 2005.
This paper analyzes the organizational structure and leadership in consultation with the Chief Operating Officer (COO) of the Smith and Falmouth (S & F) Company.
1,260 words (approx. 5.0 pages), 6 sources, MLA, AU$ 68.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that S & F Company has a functional structure because different departments specialize in a specific area where a manager with a specific, appropriate skill-set supervises the teams. The author points out that the COO needs to be aware of the social networks within the organization, the motivation of the employees who may be "playing politics" and the different ways in which different individuals use their power within the workplace. The paper relates that there is a strong need for the COO to use both participative or transformational and supportive leadership styles in dealing with the teams at S & F.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Organizational Structure
Informal Structure
Power and Politics
Leadership Style
Conclusion
From the Paper
"S & F Company has a great deal of social networking within and among the different departments. This informal structure has many benefits but it can also create conflict and concern. The Project Manager (PM) has developed a significant amount of respect from his colleagues and his team, both professionally and socially. This can be beneficial in many ways, yet in this case, it has also affected the organization in a negative way. As the PM's duties have been reduced due to the assignment of the COO, the other managers and teams are feeling some resentment and frustration. While this can be an obstacle, the COO can use this informal structure to his benefit. If addressed correctly, the PM can be used as an ally to buffer the situation at hand and motivate the teams and their managers."
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Organizational Structure of Large Corporations, 2004.
This paper discusses that, as a business grows, it must adjust its structure to its strategy and to the time it takes to bring its product to the market.
1,715 words (approx. 6.9 pages), 12 sources, APA, AU$ 89.95
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Abstract
This paper states that effective management of any organization is a function of keeping track of the details. The author uses examples from General Motors, which has developed a successful multiple division structure, and U.S.Steel, which has failed to adapt to the demand for faster product delivery. The paper concludes that, if the structure of the information flow required to keep the company current on all the details of their business is slowed by an obsolete business structure, the company must change its structure.
From the Paper
"Parent-subsidiary relationships have been extensively researched over the years, and the central issue remains one of control which can be defined as "regulating the activities within an organization so that they are in accord with the expectations established in policies, plans and targets". Under the hierarchy model which focuses on a top-down authority structure, control is primarily 'bureaucratic' (Baliga & Jaeger 1984]. The hierarchy model attempts to minimize lateral linkages between divisions or subsidiaries primarily because they create complexity over the increasing layers of bureaucratic controls."
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Optimal Capital Structure, 2002.
This research examines the theory of optimal capital structure, explaining it as the composition of the liabilities and stockholders? equity side of a firm?s balance sheet.
2,103 words (approx. 8.4 pages), 8 sources, MLA, AU$ 107.95
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Abstract
An examination of the theory of optimal capital structure. Emphasis is placed on the conflict between the traditional approach to the assessment of the role of capital structure and that of the MM theory holding that capital structure is irrelevant in a perfect capital market. The literature indicates that the jury is still out on the question of the relevance of capital structure to stockholders? value.
From the Paper
"Some theorists contend that a firm?s optimal capital structure is that combination of debt and equity at which agency costs are minimized. Agency costs are the incremental costs associated with having an agent make decisions for a principal. Within the context of this consideration of the determination of optimal capital structure, management is an agent, while stockholders are the principals. Other theorists point out, however, that, while issuing debt typically produces positive outcomes for firms, the determination of an optimal capital structure for a firm is a dynamic process that, in addition to agency costs, must account for the effects of both corporate and personal income taxes, potential bankruptcy costs, transaction costs, and the degree of control over a firm?s investments that will be delegated by stockholders to the firm?s management (Brealey & Myers, 1996)."
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Organizational Structure and Behavior, 2002.
A discussion of the need for good organizational structure and behavior in order to make organizations run successfully.
2,811 words (approx. 11.2 pages), 10 sources, MLA, AU$ 134.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how due to changes in the corporate sector in America, CEOs need to adopt and implement new and better organizational tools to not only make their operations smooth and successful but also manage the overall structure and behavior properly. Organizational structure refers to the way management is organized in a firm and the way responsibilities and duties are assigned to various levels of employees. It evaluates how we need to understand that organizational culture, structure and behavior are inter-related terms where each depend on the other and how it is extremely important to understand that firms differ from each other on the basis of their culture and structure. It shows how change should be more in the form of new strategies and better policies and how if the leadership manages to introduce some new plans and policies, which are accepted by the staff, there would be an air of hope and people would be willing to work harder.
From the Paper
"In short when the organizations are unable to perform well on a consistent basis, the reasons go deeper than the conditions of the market apparent on the surface. Thus it is extremely important for the company to find out where it is going wrong and how improvement measures can be introduced. The things can usually be improved only after the company has made an honest assessment of its problems. Once the problems have been identified and their gravity accurately assessed, the company can focus its attention on introducing appropriate changes."
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Changing Retail Structure, 2004.
An analysis of the changes in retail structure.
3,357 words (approx. 13.4 pages), 30 sources, MLA, AU$ 153.95
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Abstract
Changes in the retail structure have meant the demise of traditional retail marketing. Firms have been forced to find new ways to attract today's consumers. This discussion provides an analysis of the changing retail structure. The paper reviews such things as hypermarkets, warehouse stores, disposable income and the impact of IT. In addition, the paper provides recommendations for three businesses' future business prospects within the new retail structure.
Outline
Introduction
Analysis of Changing Retail Structure
The Emergence of Hypermarkets/Warehouse Stores
Disposable Income
Daily Shopping Replaced with Weekly Shopping and Expanding Cities
Increasing Impact of IT
Recommendations
A Local Family Grocer with Two Outlets
An International Clothing Brand Expanding into the Market
A Local Manufacturer of High Quality Chocolates
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The emergence and success of hypermarkets has had a profound impact on the retail structure in America. Stores such as Wal-Mart and Super Wal-Mart have single handedly changed the way that Americans shop. These stores provide a one stop shopping experience and allow customers to shop for everything from groceries, to living room furniture. The convenience and low prices of hypermarkets have made them extremely successful."
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Care as the Pre-ontological Structure of Dasein, 2007.
An examination of care as a pre-ontological structure of Dasein in Martin Heidegger's work "Being and Time".
1,540 words (approx. 6.2 pages), 1 source, MLA, AU$ 81.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how Martin Heidegger, in "Being and Time", examines the existential structures with which Dasein (being) interacts in order to reveal their unification as a structural whole. The paper points out that the phenomenon of 'care' underlies the structural totality of Dasein's being-in-the-world as the fundamental interpretation of itself, through which it is disclosed as being-ahead-of-itself. Furthermore, the state-of-mind of anxiety discloses Dasein's turning away from itself in its 'fallenness' into the world, only to turn back toward itself to realize the possibility of authentic being, as opposed to the inauthentic being provided by the everyday interpretation of Dasein. The primordial interpretation of Dasein's being as care allows the primary differentiation of possibilities, which are enacted through a care structure that both underlies and inhabits existence, facticity and 'fallenness'. The paper concludes that these existential structures are unified through the care structure to delimit an essential definition of the basic state of that entity to which Being is an issue.
From the Paper
"The phenomenon of 'care' underlies the structural totality of Dasein's Being-in-the-world as the fundamental interpretation of itself, through which it is disclosed as being-ahead-of-itself. Martin Heidegger, in Being and Time, examines the existential structures that Dasein, as that entity to which its Being is an issue, interacts with to reveal their unification as a structural whole, within which Dasein manifests as a Being-possible. The state-of-mind of anxiety discloses Dasein's turning away from itself in its 'fallenness' into the world, only to turn back toward itself to realize the possibility of authentic Being, as opposed to the inauthentic Being provided by the everyday interpretation of Dasein. The actualization of any possibilities requires that Dasein exist ahead-of-itself in projecting its Being into those possibilities. The primordial interpretation of Dasein's Being as care allows the primary differentiation of possibilities, which are enacted through a care structure that both underlies and inhabits existence, facticity and 'fallenness'. These existential structures are unified through the care structure to delimit an essential definition of the basic state of that entity to which Being is an issue."
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Social Structure Theories, 2002.
A paper which examines how social structure theories are applied to delinquent behavior in society.
1,415 words (approx. 5.7 pages), 10 sources, APA, AU$ 76.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how social structure theories attempt to analyze the driving forces that change society and that sociologists who study social change use the study of both criminology and sociology to draw conclusions about criminal behavior. The paper further explains that the three main branches of social structure theories are the social disorganization theory, the social strain theory and the cultural deviance theory. In this paper, the major social structural theories are defined and analyzed. The culmination of this paper addresses the question - How well have social structure theories explained delinquent behavior in society?
From the Paper
"The strain theories express the discontent of Americans who fail to achieve the American dream. Crimes committed by white collar, middle class workers can be explained by the strain theories. An example of this is workplace violence, which, according to a Bureau of Justice Statistics Crime Characteristics accounts for 18 percent of all violent crime between 1993 and 1999 . Unfortunately, it is not unheard of for a worker who was recently fired to return to his old employer to vent his anger by opening fire on anyone in site. Such violence demonstrates how competition to succeed prompts crime as the anomie theory contends."
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Bourdieu, Structure and Agency, 2008.
This paper assesses the extent to which Pierre Bourdieu delivers a distinctive solution to the problem of structure and agency.
2,297 words (approx. 9.2 pages), 10 sources, APA, AU$ 113.95
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Abstract
This piece assesses the extent to which Bourdieu offers a distinctive solution to the problem of structure and agency. However, in order to accurately assess Bourdieu's solution it is necessary to examine the assessments of other theorists such as G.H. Mead. Succinct and detailed definitions of structure and agency are offered. The natural dialectic and opposition of the two concepts is examined in depth along with the manner in which they interact with, and impact upon one another. Following this a full and detailed examination of Pierre Bourdieu's attempt to offer a complete solution to the natural dialectic of structure and agency is provided. A full exposition of Bourdieu's empirical methodology is offered along with the emphasis on real life evidence to support his assertions. Above all, the writer maintains that it is in the theory of 'habitas' that Bourdieu is capable of uniting the competing terms and providing social science with a competent and workable solution.
From the Paper
" Structure within social scientific definition refers to the social norms and institutions that shape human beings and society as a whole. Examples of such norms and institutions include class, religion and economic forces. Alternatively, agency is the level to which the free will or personal choice of each human being allows us to react to the situations and challenges we are faced with during the course of our lives. How then do these apposing conceptions interact with, and impact upon one another? In particular, given the natural dialectic that exits, how do structures shape agency and thus in turn how does agency react to those structures, and if possible change them? Such questions have caused considerable consternation within the ranks of social science for many years, and significant problems arise from attempting to understand the world we live in through the use of agency and structure. Given this, there is an inevitable progression that often results in one side becoming dominant when agency is explained in terms of structure or vice versa. Although considerable numbers of social theorists have attempted to develop ideas that incorporate both aspects, many have ended up succumbing to determinism, whether that is on one side or the other."
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