| Papers [1-16] of 100 :: [Page 1 of 7] | | Go to page : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 —> | Search results on "FIGHT CANCER": |
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The Fight Against Cancer, 2004.
An analysis of the on-going fight against cancer.
2,870 words (approx. 11.5 pages), 10 sources, MLA, AU$ 137.95
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Abstract
There is no simple answer to any facet of cancer, and multitudes of studies have addressed issues from cellular to spiritual levels and everything in between. This paper identifies some of the pressures on both the cancer care delivery system and on cancer patients and sets them in an overall financial universe. The paper suggests that the information available to all constituencies regarding cancer is expanding greatly. The paper also contends that the venerable organizations, which have been involved in cancer care for decades, still offer the best advice for preventing cancer or for dealing with it if it is present.
From the Paper
"For decades, despite research and new treatments and cures that were never possible before, cancer continues to cause intense fear. In fact, on the basis of numbers alone, some of that fear is justified. ?According to the World Health Organization, global cases of cancer are set to soar in the next 16 years. By 2020 there could be up to 15m new cases worldwide, an increase of 50 per cent on today. The WHO also predicts a corresponding increase in annual cancer deaths from 6.2m to 10m,? notes Claire Williams, writing in Financial Adviser (2004). Arguably, that U.K. publication is read by those attempting to minimize insurance and treatment costs and maximize outcomes. It cites, as well, the traditional litany of factors that contribute to cancer: smoking, poor diet, obesity, lack of exercise, and further notes that these factors are increasingly prevalent in many societies (Williams 2004). The same publication says increasingly long life spans are also contributing to the increase, but that even so, a third of all cases could be prevented by ?embracing healthier lifestyles?giving up smoking taking regular exercise, reducing obesity?.eating more fruits and vegetables? (Williams 2004)."
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Nutrition and Cancer, 1999.
Examines the connection between diet and cancer, types of cancer, effective cancer-fighting foods and nutrients and research.
2,250 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 4 sources, AU$ 127.95
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Abstract
"Inhibition of human breast cancer cell proliferation and delay of mammary tumorigenesis by flavonoids and citrus juices" by So, Guthrie, Chambers, Moussa, and Carroll (1996) reports that in women from developed countries, breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer; incidence is increasing worldwide at an average rate of approximately two percent annually.
From the Paper
"NUTRITION & CANCER
Introduction
"Inhibition of human breast cancer cell proliferation and delay of mammary tumorigenesis by flavonoids and citrus juices" by So, Guthrie, Chambers, Moussa, and Carroll (1996) reports that in women from developed countries, breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer; incidence is increasing worldwide at an average rate of approximately two percent annually. Chemotherapeutic techniques fail to reduce death rates from cancers of the breast, lung, brain, colon, prostate, ovary, and pancreas. Studies on diet and cancer offer information regarding naturally occurring anticancer agents. Research concludes that plant-based diets with whole grains, legumes, fruits, and vegetables reduce risk of cancer. Carotenes and antioxidant vitamins may act as anticancer ..."
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Death and Dying.
This paper is a personal, experiential, explication essay on the notion of death and dying, which the author faced during his father's five-year fight against esophageal cancer and eventual death.
5,930 words (approx. 23.7 pages), 4 sources, MLA, AU$ 227.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the idea of death and dying is abhorrent; yet, in the case of the author's father, his dying and death was a process of renewal for him, for the author, for the author's mother, and siblings and members of the vast family of seventeen children into which his father was born. The author points out that he does fear death, not the actual act of dying, but knowing of the incompleteness it brings. The paper explains that Elizabeth Kubler-Ross's formalism on the stages in death and dying helped him to put his grief in a better context and to categorize his feelings.
Table of Content
Introduction
Individual Coping Strategies
Differential Treatment from Others
The Will to Live
From the Paper
"The concepts of heaven and hell have evolved over time. This extends for all major religions. Practitioners are admonished to seek good over evil for fear that they might face the fires of hell in the scary and graphic detail elaborately laid out by Dante in the "Inferno." It is not the hell fire and brimstone of the time of the awakening as Christian dogma evolved in the United States. Even the pope has spoken about heaven and hell actually being experienced here on earth, through how a person conducts his or her life. Going back to the differences between eastern and western thought of dying can be summed up in the concepts of Sogyal Rinpoche. In his "Tibetan Book of Living and Dying" he puts forth the idea that Tibetans believe that the best way to live ones life to the fullest is to spend every waking moment of it preparing to die. Such a morbid fascination with death would have no place in the western thought. And yet there is some truth to it."
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Breast Cancer: Focus on the Disease, 2008.
A discussion highlighting the necessity to focus on cancer as a disease, rather than on the subject of prosthetics.
2,658 words (approx. 10.6 pages), 11 sources, APA, AU$ 127.95
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Abstract
The author of this paper relates that the author of this paper was prompted to reasearch the topic of breast cancer further after her friend had what is termed a 'breast cancer scare'. The paper then defines breast cancer as a gendered disease in which women are led to believe the fallacy that medicine is winning the fight against breast cancer. However being a female gendered disease being investigated by a male dominant medical field prompts the writer to argue that this may not be correct. The paper deals with the approach of cosmetic surgery with the intention of appearing more attractive and quotes examples and experiences of women. The paper states that it is essential for women to be positive and to fight the disease, not to be laid back and accept defeat, nor conceal the fact that breast cancer exists and realize that to hide it under beauty concepts may be fatal.
From the Paper
"Recently, a close friend of mine had what is termed a "breast cancer scare". Following a routine mammogram, she was scheduled to have a suspicious lump removed from one of her breasts. During the wait for the surgery, and then the wait for the pathology report, we all reassured her as much as we could. We told her the things we have read and heard in the media, such as "Breast cancer's not such a big deal any more;" "Providing they catch it early, they can cure it;" "Almost no women die from breast cancer any more." And so on. And I, for one, believed it. It turned out that her lumps were not malignant, for which we are all deeply grateful. However, the incident caused me to wonder whether what we were saying was really true. Has the situation with regard to breast cancer really changed? Is it no longer the killer scourge that women used to fear so much? I did some research - and was shocked by the answers I found. As Batt (2002) puts it, "the overall mortality rate from carcinoma of the breast remains static" (p. 110). This of course begs the question: why are we being encouraged to believe that science is winning the fight against breast cancer, if this is not in fact true? As I will argue in this essay, the answer seems to have much to do with the fact that breast cancer is a gendered disease."
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Cancer Treatment Plants, 2006.
A review of the many examples of plants and natural vegetation used in the treatment and prevention of cancer.
5,783 words (approx. 23.1 pages), 15 sources, APA, AU$ 224.95
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Abstract
This paper states that cancer is one of the most dreaded diseases throughout the world. The paper then proceeds with an overview of the use of plants as an effective way to prevent and to cure cancer. In particular, the paper identifies the plants and compounds that are extracted from the plants that are being used in the treatment of cancer. In addition, the paper discusses the action of these plant-extracted compounds on the cancer cells. The paper concludes with a commentary on the future use of plants in the fight against cancer.
Outline:
Introduction
The Use of Plants for Medicinal Purposes
Anticancer Compounds in Plants
Treatment of Cancer by Plants
Prevention of Cancer by Plants
Summary
From the Paper
"Cancer is a dreaded disease, however cancer is not incurable. There are a number of positive responses to cancer treatment and more and more people have survived cancer as more and more cure and alternative treatments are being discovered. However, the rates of discovery of these alternative drugs that can be used to treat cancer are not fast enough to become at par with the increasing incidence of this dreaded disease. Several alternative drugs that are used for the treatment of cancer are still in experimental stages and some of the drugs that are being used today have high toxicity levels that could give hazardous side effects to the patients being treated."
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Telomerase as an Aid in Cancer Treatment, 2005.
This paper discusses a cure for cancer in gene regulation.
1,277 words (approx. 5.1 pages), 5 sources, MLA, AU$ 70.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer explains that telomeres is the name given by biologists in reference to the long TTAGGG repeats at the end of DNA sequences. The writer notes that although they do not code for specific genes they are of vital importance in maintaining genomic function. The writer points out that telomerase, an enzyme normally never active in somatic cells, is active in more than 90% of human cancers. More impressive however is the finding that all cancer cell lines fail to grow in the absence of telomerase activity by protein repression. The writer notes that since telomerase regulation may lead to discovery of cancer treatments, it is a topic widely discussed in molecular biology. The writer maintains that knowledge of both transcriptional activators and inhibitors of the telomerase gene may aid in the understanding of telomerase functioning. The writer concludes that great healing and relief can come from using the knowledge of telomerase regulation to fight cancer.
From the Paper
"The protein hALP is not the only activator of hTERT that has now been identified. Zhiwei Tang and fellow authors have identified another activator that plays a role in hTERT transcription. Named transcriptional elements-interacting factor, this protein was shown to influence hTERT transcription and telomerase activities. TEIF, with a highly conserved structure, was discovered with the ability to bind DNA with its C-terminal end and influence transcription with the other domain. Localization of the binding was determined to be within +90 to -120 upstream of the hTERT gene. This identification was found by a gel-shift assay analysis that acts similarly to the EMSA assay. Once again if the protein binds to DNA of the hTERT gene the band scientists expect it to show delayed movement on gel electrophoresis. Specifically for this procedure the TEIF protein was tagged and introduced to fragments of the hTERT promoter from +90 to -531. This procedure allowed the determination that +90 to -120 on the hTERT gene was where TEIF would bind."
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Laryngeal Cancer, 2008.
Describes laryngeal cancer or cancer of the larynx, which is generally squamous cell carcinoma.
1,985 words (approx. 7.9 pages), 18 sources, APA, AU$ 102.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that laryngeal cancer is cancer of the larynx or voice box, which is essential for normal vocal production. The paper describes several types of degrees of laryngectomy, the complete or partial removal of the larynx, which is usually performed to contain and stop the cancer from metastasizing to other cells. The paper then explains that, in addition to regular post surgical care, a speech pathologist should be included in the treatment team as soon as possible. The speech pathologist helps the patient learn to communicate, provides counseling and gives emotional support. Several illustrations are included with the paper.
From the Paper
"It is the responsibility of the speech language pathologist to be the main intermediary between the patient and communication, postoperatively, as speech pathologists seek to help the patient learn effective communication in whatever manner possible so the individual may gain as close to pre-surgical communication effectiveness as possible. This means that the speech pathologist is responsible for training the individual on devices, pneumonic and electric as well as helping the individual to use pneumonic devices for communication and or teaching the individual a greater expression of sign language development."
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Skin Cancer And How it is Caused, 2006.
This paper talks about skin cancer, what exactly skin cancer is, how one gets the disease and how to prevent it.
795 words (approx. 3.2 pages), 2 sources, MLA, AU$ 46.95
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Abstract
In this paper the author essentially talks about what skin cancer is, and how people can be exposed to getting it. He talks about the instances of skin cancer such as people who have a lighter skin tend to have an increased probability of being affected by the rays compared to dark skinned individuals. The paper discusses symptoms attached with skin cancer, like bumps around the head, neck or the shoulder area which might be the sign of a growing skin based tumor. In conclusion the author highlights that instances of skin cancer are growing daily and that more care when in the sun needs to be taken, to prevent the ultraviolet rays of the sun which are the main cause of skin cancer.
From the Paper
"Within the field of medicine, there are a whole range of cancers and one of them is skin cancer. Skin cancer has been getting a lot of media attention in the past couple of years primarily due to the reason that it has been faced by many people, especially in the Western world. In fact, skin cancer, in a relatively short period of time has come to become an increasingly common condition. The most common reason due to the increase in the number of cases of skin cancer has been the increased exposure to ultraviolet radiation, against which there seems to be no strong way of prevention. Many people use a number of sun screens (a type of cream) to decrease the effects of this type of radiation from coming into their bodies but at times, this mechanism of protection simply might not be enough."
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Breast Cancer and African-American Women, 2007.
This paper examines several issues concerning African-American women and breast cancer.
6,569 words (approx. 26.3 pages), 23 sources, APA, AU$ 243.95
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Abstract
This extensive paper examines a number of issues related to African-American women and breast cancer, with an emphasis on detection, treatment and survival. The paper gives a brief overview of cancer, the breast and types of breast cancers. The author then describes the purpose of this study, which was to determine the impact of racial disparity on breast cancer survival. The study also addresses socio-economic factors, such as lack of health insurance, and low incomes. The study attempts to identify the reasons why African-American women have a higher mortality rate than all other ethnic groups. Finally, the author questions whether education, community out-reach programs, resources would influence the probability of reducing breast cancer mortality rates among African-American women.
Outline:
Introduction and Problem Background
The Breast
Development of the Breast
What is Cancer?
What is Breast Cancer?
Major Types of Breast Cancers
Risk Factors for developing Breast Cancer
Purpose of Study
Research Objectives
Limitation
Assumptions
Definition of Terms
Scope of Study
Review of Related Literature
Historical and General Background
Possible Barriers to The African-American Women having Mammograms
Existing Studies
Another Study of Racial Disparities in Breast Carcinoma Survival Rates
Methodology
Instrumentation
Statistical Approach
Relevant Results and Significant Studies
Summary of the Literature Reviewed
Findings
Association Between Socio-economic Status and Breast Cancer Survival
Relationship between racial difference in treatment, and breast cancer mortality among the African-American women and the Caucasian-women
Summary, Conclusions, Recommendations
Summary
Conclusions
Recommendations
References
From the Paper
"The incidence of breast cancer among the African-American women is slightly lower than it is for the Caucasian women. In any given year, 95 out of 100,000 African-American women are diagnosed with breast cancer, compared to 112 out of every 100,000 the Caucasian women. However, the African-American women are slightly more likely to develop breast cancer after age 50 (www.netwellness.org, 2004). Breast cancer is the cancer with the second highest death rate for both the African-American women and the Caucasian women. The overall lifetime risk of being diagnosed with breast cancer is 10% for the African-American women and 14% for the Caucasian women. However, about 31 out of every 100,000 the African-American women died from the disease each year compared to just 27 out of every 10,000 the Caucasian women from 1989 to 1992, but the rate also rose by 2% for the African-American women during the same period."
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Cigarette Smoking and Cancer, 2007.
This paper discusses the relationship between cigarette smoking and cancer.
703 words (approx. 2.8 pages), 9 sources, MLA, AU$ 41.95
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Abstract
This paper identifies the extent to which cigarette smoking is responsible for cancer and the types of cancers caused by smoking. The paper examines the main cancer-causing ingredients in cigarette smoke and explains how they cause cancer.
Outline:
Abstract
How Far is Cigarette Smoking Responsible for Causing Cancer
Types of Cancer Caused by Cigarette Smoking
Cancer-causing Ingredients in Cigarette Smoke
The Cancer-Causing Mechanism
From the Paper
"A major WHO Cancer Report in 2003 identifies tobacco consumption as "the most important avoidable cancer risk" worldwide ("Global Cancer Rates" 2003). According to the U.S. National Cancer Institute , "cigarette smoking alone is directly responsible for approximately 30 percent of all cancer deaths annually in the United States" ("Cigarette Smoking and Cancer," 2004). Since active smoking is a purely voluntary act, these statistics make cigarette smoking the single most preventable cause of death in the United States. Statistics on Cancer in other developed countries are no different with approximately a third of all cancer deaths in the UK being attributable to smoking in the year 2000 ("Fact sheet No. 4" 2005). Although the rising smoking trend in the developed world, including the United States, has reversed in recent decades due to increased awareness about the harmful effects of smoking, it is increasing in the developing world by 3.4% per year ("Tobacco and the Developing World," 2007). "
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Breast Cancer and Genetics, 2001.
This paper discusses the relationship between the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes and breast cancer.
1,875 words (approx. 7.5 pages), 18 sources, AU$ 95.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how certain genes, specifically BRCA1 and BRCA2 can be used in diagnosing and treating breast cancer. It outlines the possible causes of breast cancer, its symptoms, and treatment. It also discusses the issue of genetic screening, as an ethical issue and how it can help to treat breast cancer.
From the paper:
"Breast cancer is a disease characterized by the growth of malignant cells in the mammary glands and can actually can strike both men and women, although women are about 100 times more likely to develop the disease than men. Most cancers in female breasts form shortly before, during, or after menopause, with three-quarters of all cases being diagnosed after age 50. Generally, the older a woman is, the greater is her likelihood of developing breast cancer. Worldwide, breast cancer is the most common cancer among women, and in North America and Western Europe, where life spans are longer, the incidence is highest."
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Nurses and Breast Cancer, 2007.
The paper presents a project that examines the benefits of nurse knowledge regarding breast cancer interventions for both nurse oncologists and breast cancer patients.
2,661 words (approx. 10.6 pages), 14 sources, MLA, AU$ 129.95
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Abstract
The paper's study seeks to identify patient information needs, as well as these needs as perceived by the nurse. The paper also seeks to identify the informational needs of breast cancer patients regardless of cancer type, stage or treatment that is undergoing or is completed. The paper determines the informational needs for both groups by administration of the 75-item Information Needs Questionnaire-Breast Cancer (INQ-BC) while patient satisfaction and quality of life is measured by the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy.
Outline:
Abstract
Project Description
Research Problem/Question
Outline of Methodology
Literature Review
From the Paper
"Nurses are an underutilized health care resource, especially in the care of breast cancer patients and survivors (Gray, Goel, Fitch, Franssen & Labrecque, 2002). Traditional practice has always placed specialists at the forefront, who provide most patient services, from consultation, assessment, diagnosis, treatment to maintenance and follow-up. It is also understandable that, with these numerous responsibilities placed on the shoulders of specialists, in addition to their busy work schedules, these specialists may not be always able to spend adequate and "quality time" with their patients. However, with the expansion of the nursing profession to cross-cover most of the roles of physicians, there is promise in exploring these new roles by the advance practice nurse."
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Colorectal Cancer and MBD4, 2004.
A review of recent colorectal cancer statistics in the U.S. and the U.K. including recent facts about a key player in colorectal cancer called MBD4.
1,071 words (approx. 4.3 pages), 15 sources, MLA, AU$ 60.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how colorectal cancer is the third most frequent cause of cancer death behind lung and prostate cancer in men and the third behind lung and breast in women in the U.S and the U.K.. It reviews the current statistics of colorectal cancer and the basics for its development as well as the current status of a very significant factor of carcinogenesis a protein called MBD4. Tables and diagrams aer included.
From the Paper
"Cancer is a malignant growth which results from uncontrolled cell proliferation and loss of cell differentiation and programmed apoptosis. The word ?cancer? describes a group of diseases that can affect any part of the human body. Cancer is a problem of great importance, affecting millions of people around the world and owes its success partly to the ability to spread-metastasize to other areas of the body through the lymphatic system and blood stream. According to McDonald (1997), cancer begins when a single cell undergoes mutation. This mutation promotes cell growth and permits this cell to bypass normal controls of proliferation. Additional mutations will occur, producing tumours."
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Prostate Cancer, 2005.
This paper discusses prostate cancer and research to determine if it has a genetic cause.
1,800 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 8 sources, APA, AU$ 92.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that prostate cancer is the most frequent non-dermatological cancer in men in the United States and it is second to lung cancer as the leading cause of cancer deaths in men. The author points out that, as with other cancers such as breast and colon cancer, which have a familial clustering pattern; prostate cancer cases are believed to be due to a high risk of inherited genetic factors or perhaps even a susceptibility gene. The paper relates that increasing incidence of prostate cancer may be due to better detection, greater awareness on the part of the public of the condition and perhaps even a greater life expectancy with a decrease in the number of competing causes of death rather than a true increase in the prevalence of prostate cancer on the whole.
From the Paper
"It is interesting to note that maternal cancers also seem to have an affect on the risk of prostate cancers. It is felt that risk of prostate cancer is higher in men with a family history of breast cancer and/or ovarian cancer in a primary relative. This was only reported out in two studies, however, and other studies failed to find any association between family history of female breast cancer and greater risk of prostate cancer. This perhaps may be explained by the questionable increase in prostate cancer in men with BRCA 1 / 2 mutations in the setting of a family history of breast or ovarian cancer. "
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Exercise for Cancer Patients, 2005.
This paper discusses the benefits of an exercise program for cancer patients, especially post-radiation rehabilitation.
2,450 words (approx. 9.8 pages), 3 sources, APA, AU$ 119.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the use of exercise as prevention and as treatment augmentation to accepted treatments for different types and stages of cancer. The author points out that overwhelming fatigue is common to all types of cancer; however, cancer patients benefit from an appropriate exercise program, which provides positive reinforcement not only to increase strength but also to fight depression. The paper relates that physical fitness and exercise level assessment can be used to evaluate if a patient has the strength to undergo cancer therapy.
From the Paper
"As individuals age biologically in primary aging patterns, there is a marked decrease in muscular and cardiovascular fitness and they may be at more risk for cancer. These individuals may be more at risk for a serious health risk after falling, or of falling, as they are not as well-balanced and fit as they once were. A regular program of exercise
can change this pattern. Specifically, cancer patients may wish to engage in weight-bearing activities to increase their bone strength so that if they fall, they will be less likely to have a fracture. Tai chi is one form of low-impact exercise that promotes cardiovascular health and balance; cancer patients may also exercise and increase bone
strength by walking, and thus improve their physical selves."
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Ovarian Cancer.
This paper discusses ovarian cancer, the disease caused by the rapid growth and division of cancerous cells within one or both ovaries.
3,180 words (approx. 12.7 pages), 10 sources, MLA, AU$ 148.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that ovarian cancer is the 'Silent Killer' because, 70 to 75% of the time, by the time the cancer is discovered, it has spread to other areas of the body, especially into the abdomen. By then, it is too late to hope for a recovery. The author points out that abdominal swelling, abdominal or pelvic pain, and a feeling of fullness are some of the symptoms of ovarian cancer, which are common symptoms to many other disorders; therefore, doctors, presented with these symptoms immediately should perform a pelvic and recto-vaginal examination, order some blood tests including CA125, and order a transvaginal ultrasound examination. The paper relates that, although the direct cause of ovarian cancer is not known, some of the major risk factors are family history and breast cancer at an early age; other factors are menopause, obesity, early menarche, late first pregnancy, the use of clomiphene citrate to encourage pregnancy, and infertility.
From the Paper
"Sometimes it so happens that the cancerous cells break away from the original tumor and end up in another entirely different part of the body. This process is known as 'metastasis'. Many different kinds of tumors can be formed within the ovaries of a woman, in fact more than thirty known types. However, ovarian cancers are generally divided into three main categories, according to the type of cells that formed them, which are epithelial cancers, that are the most common form of ovarian cancers, and which are formed from the various cells that line or cover the ovaries. The second broad category of ovarian cancer is the germ cell cancer, which in other words means that this cancer starts from germ cells within the ovaries."
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