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The Enigma of Chronos, 2006.
A discussion regarding the theory and function of time.
675 words (approx. 2.7 pages), 1 source, AU$ 42.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the myriad of uses that time has. Time can be seen as functional, foundational, social and artistic. The paper further discusses how "Time as a Human Resource" is a compilation of studies that arose from a conference that took place at the University of Saskatchewan, and examines these concepts of time. The in-depth discussions are interesting, but despite the level of intellectual involvement the conference seemed to come to few new conclusions. Some of the earliest concepts of time as we now know it derive from Greek myth and philosophy, identifying with the view of time as cyclical.
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Cipher Technology and the Enigma Machine, 2002.
A paper about the history of cipher technology focusing on the development, use and detailed description of the Enigma machine during WWII.
4,600 words (approx. 18.4 pages), 15 sources, MLA, AU$ 190.95
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Abstract
A study of Crytography, the science of mesage encryption. It discusses the history of cryptography and its development during World War II. It discusses the Enigma machine and carefully details its instructions for use. It also discusses cracking the Enigma and includes examples of this in history. This paper analyzes the Enigma and concludes that all codes will eventually be cracked by dedicated and bright Cryptanalysts no matter how complex the algorithm. Also, security is more than just having a brilliant machine. It was not the Enigma that failed in World War II, it was human error.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Background and Early Cipher Technology
The Enigma Machine
Receiving Instructions
Cracking the Enigma
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Cryptography can thought of as the science of message encryption. The battle between Cryptographers (code makers) and Cryptanalysts (code breakers) has been waged since 3000 BC as each tries to outwit the other. Cryptography is essential in performing secure transactions, governing countries and commanding armies. The threat of messages being decrypted has been the motivation for cryptographers to develop new, more complex algorithms in hopes of temporarily staying one step ahead of the Cryptanalysts. Likewise, the motivation for breaking codes can be the difference between winning a war and losing it. As a result, the coder breakers and their computers rose to prominence during their battle in World War II versus the Enigma cipher machine."
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The Black Hole: An Enigma of Time and Space, 2002.
An insight into the phenomena of the black hole.
3,696 words (approx. 14.8 pages), 22 sources, MLA, AU$ 163.95
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Abstract
This paper is an in-depth treatise on the subject of black holes (it does not contain any sophisticated math). A black hole is a region of space where matters collapses in upon itself toward an infinite density, thereby endlessly increasing its mass and gravitational pull. It details the evidence for their existence both theoretical and empirical and describes the debates concerning their fundamental nature (how they warp time and gravity). It evaluates theories by Einstein and Stephen Hawking as well as related phenomenon such as white holes and wormholes.
From the Paper
"Man has always looked into the heavens and questioned the nature of the universe around him. Through the science of physics he has created such seemingly basic and ubiquitous concepts as time, mass, weight, and gravity. Held to be absolutes, these conceptual building blocks allow him to define, categorize, and relate the objects he discovers in the vastness of space. And without argument, his definitions and equations intercalating these abstractions hold true - except in one specific locus of space. A region of mystery possessing infinite depth yet of finite size, detectable in space yet emitting no electromagnetic radiation, an enigma of nature that beckons to be resolved. An entity first described as a ?frozen star? but then later dubbed a ?black hole? by John Archibald Wheeler. What is this black hole?"
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This study will consider a number of elements of the "submissive" middle class in Japanese society as described and analyzed in Karel van Wolferen's "The Enigma of Japanese Power"., 1991.
This study discusses the elements of the "submissive" middle class in Japanese society as described and analyzed in This study will consider a number of elements of the "submissive" middle class in Japanese society as described and analyzed in Karel van
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 1 source, AU$ 75.95
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From the Paper
"This study will consider a number of elements of the "submissive" middle class in Japanese society as described and analyzed in Karel van Wolferen's "The Enigma of Japanese Power".
The basis of much of the power and order of Japan in the world in the late years of the 20th century is what van Wolferen calls the "submissive" nature of that society. As the author notes, "The post-war aims of the Japanese System have been entrusted mainly to the economic organizations. The System is preoccupied with industrial and commercial pursuits.. " And industrial and commercial pursuits are successful because of submissive and obedient workers, who are modeled on the "salaryman" model.
As the author writes, " . . . The term 'salaryman' connotes much more than 'office clerk' or 'white-collar worker'; it stands ... "
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Autism - An Elusive Enigma, 2002.
An analysis of autism, a rare neurodevelopmental disorder, focusing on the difficulties of clearly defining this disorder.
1,798 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 12 sources, APA, AU$ 91.95
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Abstract
This paper examines autism, describing it as a multi-faceted, complex and enigmatic disorder. The paper discusses the details of the disorder and the methods available for diagnosis. The many different signs and symptoms of autism are outlined. The paper illustrates how the broad range of symptoms and lack of clear-cut inclusion and exclusion criteria allow for misdiagnoses and confusion with other disorders. The paper presents the theories of the etiology of autism. The paper concludes with a claim that while there is some evidence of a biological correlation or genetic and familial link, this evidence is far from conclusive and at present has not yielded any practical treatment options.
From the Paper
"Autism (also known as pervasive developmental disorder) is defined by the Columbia encyclopedia as ?A rare neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by the inability to relate to and perceive the environment in a realistic manner?. Its onset is defined to occur in infancy or early childhood, generally before age thirty months, and males are affected four times more often then females. Symptoms include impairment in social interaction, fixation on inanimate objects, an inability to communicate normally, and resistance to changes in the daily routine (Columbia University Press 1993)."
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The Enigma of the Self, 2002.
A study in variations and shared existential mysteries involving the self in Milan Kundera's "The Book of Laughter and Forgetting" and Ivo Andric's "The Bridge on the Drina".
4,115 words (approx. 16.5 pages), 2 sources, MLA, AU$ 175.95
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Abstract
A look at how two Slavic authors, Ivo Andric and Milan Kundera, explore the very personal mystery of self. This essay explores Kundera's "The Book of Laughter and Forgetting" and Andric's "The Bridge on the Drina" comparing similarities of theme as the two authors in their diverse styles show humans seeking self in relationship to the opposite sex. The study offers extensive comparison/ contrast of the two novels utilizing many documented quotes from both.
From the Paper
"The novels The Bridge on the Drina, by Ivo Andric and The Book of Laughter and Forgetting, by Milan Kundera are examples of the truth of this statement. Both novelists explore the enigma of self within the context of their own existential probing of self. Each of these writers also places his personal self, as well as the selves of his characters against a panoramic historical background, which just happens to be the stage setting before which he has played out his own personal drama of self."
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The Sphinx: An Enigma, 2001.
This paper looks at the mythology behind the ancient Egyptian icon, the Sphinx, her role as fierce protector, and sacred guardian of the Great Pyramid.
1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 7 sources, AU$ 63.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the legends and historical revolution, and characteristics of the Sphinx, ancient Egypt's protector from outsiders. The author discusses how the creature defined Egyptian civilization, how it would terrorize outsiders with her famous riddle, and how she was revered by Egypt as a sacred figure.
From the Paper
"When we think of Egyptian art we immediately think of the monumental pyramids and inscrutable sphinxes, Shaw-Eagle 1999. Ancient Egypt has fascinated outsiders ever since Herodotus, the fifth- century-BC Greek historian, visited a civilization already thousands of years old. And the artistic splendors that captivated him -- the Great Pyramids, Sphinx and statues of the Old Kingdom , 2650 to 2150 BC -- still define Egyptian civilization in the Western mind. A monument for the Sphinx is found at Tanis in the form of the Large Sphinx. Made from pink granite it depicts the Pharaoh with a lion?s body. Sphinx in Greek showed a sort of monster, and in Egypt they represented the protection for the passages in religious buildings."
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Teenage Suicide, 2002.
An examination of the phenomenon of teenage suicide through the use of a review of Dr. David Lester?s book, ?The Cruelest Death: the Enigma of Adolescent Suicide".
2,720 words (approx. 10.9 pages), 4 sources, MLA, AU$ 129.95
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Abstract
This paper uses this book as its main source to examine the trend of suicide among adolescents. By using two case studies, this paper explores the helplessness that some teenagers feel and how they resort to this final desperate measure. The paper compares trends between males and females and older and younger teenagers. It also examines psychological disorders which lead to suicide such as depression.
From the Paper
"Dr. David Lester?s book, ?The Cruelest Death: the Enigma of Adolescent Suicide, ? presents alarming findings of fact about the third leading cause of death in the USA among those below 24 -- suicide. It points to the recent and dramatic rise in the incidence of the last 20 years as suggestive of an epidemic (Lester 1993) that warrants greater attention and sobriety among those who can and should do something about it. It is a frank inquest into the social phenomenon by providing information support to theory, research, management and intervention helpful to professionals ? particularly clinicians, crisis workers and parents -- and the entire family with greater insights that can help them device more effective, responsive and successful strategies in the clinic, school and at home, all with the end-view of reversing the trend."
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Neo-Expressionist Artist Julian Schnabel, 2007.
This paper discuses one of the leading American Neo-Expressionist artists, Julian Schnabel, who represents something of an enigma in contemporary art.
1,425 words (approx. 5.7 pages), 8 sources, MLA, AU$ 75.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Julian Schnabel's work and reputation serve as excellent examples of the complex processes that shape art criticism and reputation in the world of contemporary art. The author points out that Schnabel's theatrical work, such as his "signature" style of painting images and portraits on the medium of broken pottery/plates and black velvet, was the product of a post-modern culture, driven by an unprecedented scale of investment in modern art using the wealth created by the 1980s stock market. The paper argues that Schnabel's rejection of any sense of autonomy or "purity" in favor of a deep engagement with mediated culture is distinctly post-modern.
From the Paper
"From this perspective, it is not surprising that as Schnabel's critical reputation as a figurative artist began declining - not coincidentally, around the same time as a global recession ended the economic boom of the 1980s - Schnabel turned to another artistic medium in which to work: film. This may not have been such a dramatic leap as it might first appear, for critics reflecting upon Schnabel's early paintings have noted qualities in them reminiscent of film. Schnabel's first venture into film was the biopic of his friend and fellow artist in the New York art world of the 1980s, Jean-Michael Basquiat."
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Generic Competence in Literature, 2005.
This paper discusses the importance of generic competence in understanding Agatha Christie's mystery "Witness for the Prosecution" and Angela Carter's fairy tale "The Tiger's Bride".
1,305 words (approx. 5.2 pages), 5 sources, MLA, AU$ 70.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that generic competence refers to the ability of the reader to understand the implied language, the setting and the period of time of a specific genre that has its own system of codes, called generic repertoire with which the reader has to be familiar to fully understand the meaning of the story. The author points out that every mystery story, such as Agatha Christie's "Witness for the Prosecution", contains an enigma that must be solved by the protagonist; the reader must have the generic competence to understand all the information that is given by the narrator. The paper relates that the reader's generic competence of the fairy tales includes the knowledge of its origin, characters, moral role and related primary fairy tales; Angela Carter's "The Tiger's Bride" contains a moral role; therefore, the implied reader must look for a message inside the story.
From the Paper
""The Tiger's Bride" has a strong connection to other fairy tales such as "Cupid and Psyche", "Beauty and The Beast" and "The Courtship of Mr. Lyon". The importance of generic competence here is the primary readings of the related fairy tales, in order to be able to see the similarity and difference between them all. In all four stories the most important similarity is that they all involved the sacrificing of a daughter by her father. In "The Tiger's Bride" the father had lost his daughter in a card game and she therefore must go with the beast. There is also the mention of a lamb- " ...where the lion lies down with the lamb" (51), "The tiger will never lie down with the lamb" (64). The implied reader's generic competence relates the lamb with the sacrificing of Isaac in the Bible. Isaac's father, Abraham, was about to sacrifice him to god but in the end he didn't and instead a lamb was sacrificed."
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Personality Psychology, 2006.
This paper examines the psychology of personality.
1,522 words (approx. 6.1 pages), 7 sources, MLA, AU$ 80.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer describes the psychology of personality as one of the most interesting and enigmatic areas of psychology. The writer discusses that essentially it deals with the way in which personality characteristics are formed and influenced by various factors; such as genetic disposition and external influences like society, family and peers.
The writer concludes that the understanding of personality is complex and involves a wide range of theories and perspective. The writer also maintains that personality is still one of the greatest enigmas in the psychological world.
From the Paper
"Carl Jung was to deviate from Jung's theory to a great degree. He too saw the unconscious as the primary element in understanding human personality and motivations but he developed a more holistic view of the unconscious than Freud in his theory of archetypes. This was to have profound consequences for the theory of personality and for psychology in general. This theory is focused on what he termed the collective unconsciousness which contains within it "...inherited predispositions to perceive the world in certain ways." Therefore this view attempted to explain human nature and personality from the perspective of deep rooted unconscious structures that were part of the psyche of all people. "
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Bayle and the Cartesian Crisis, 2004.
An analysis of the role of Pierre Bayle in resolving the Cartesian crisis in philosophy and thereby laying the foundation of the French Enlightenment.
2,293 words (approx. 9.2 pages), 5 sources, MLA, AU$ 112.95
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Abstract
The paper explores the role of Bayle as the Father of the Enlightenment, and attempts to explain the enigma of how such unrelenting scepticism can at all have been the "Arsenal of the Enlightenment". It lays forth the Cartesian debate with its origins in the Baconian method of science and Descartes ontology regarding the certainty of empirical knowledge. It also argues that the hidden rationale of the Cartesian debate, was to justify the Bacon's claim that sense experience is the root to absolute knowledge. This attitude of premeditation led the Cartesians into false arguments, confusion and absurdity. It looks at how in the end Bayle espoused a form of scepticism that was so thoroughly honest that it jolted the Western intellect back to its senses.
From the Paper
"Cartesian doubt is the process by which Descartes arrived at the prize of absolute certainty of knowledge. The premise is that one should begin with Pyrrhonian doubt, thereby doubting everything stemming from experience, until one is left with consciousness of thought alone, and this, Descartes argues, cannot be doubted because the very process of doubting is also the process of thinking. "Cogito, ergo sum" was the conclusion of Descartes - I think, therefore I am. This is the one solid certainty left after Cartesian doubt. But then he introduces the false argument that God would not deceive him regarding the universe, and thus it is real, and sense experience is true knowledge of it. From this argument emerges the concept of mind and body duality. Thought is taking place in the mind, and this has no material substance or spatial extension. On the other hand the body does have substance and extension, along with everything else in the universe. "
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Akhenaten - The Heretic Pharaoh, 2008.
An examination of the life and beliefs of the pharaoh Amenophis IV, who renamed himself Akhenaten and changed the entire structure of Egyptian civilization during his reign from 1353 - 1336 B.C.
2,879 words (approx. 11.5 pages), 27 sources, APA, AU$ 136.95
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Abstract
This paper explores the life and times of Amenophis IV, who replaced the polytheistic traditions of Egypt with the monotheistic cult of Aten soon after he succeeded his father as pharaoh. The writer describes the historical and religious background leading up to his changes and the cult of Aten in detail. The paper also describes the distinct and innovative form of art, known as Amarna art, that was initiated by Akhenaten, and many of the reliefs and sculptures that remain from this period, including several of his queen, Nefertiti. In addition, the paper explains how Horemheb systematically dismantled Aten's temples and shrines, effectively eliminating any trace of Akhenaten or his monotheistic cult. The writer concludes that Akhenaten remains to this day and perhaps always will be an enigma in Egyptian history.
Outline:
The Ascension of Amenophis IV
The One True God
New God, New Art
Nefertiti - "The Beautiful One is Come"
Erasing Akhenaten
Heretic or Genius?
From the Paper
"Amenophis IV, who by the end of his fifth year of reign had taken the name Akhenaten, initiated a vastly distinct form of art during his time as pharaoh, which has been designated as the "Amarna Period". Akhenaten's fervent devotion to a monotheistic religion was extremely evident in the various pieces of art from this period. There seems to be a direct correlation between the exclusive role of Aten, Akhenaten's sun-god, and that of the pharaoh, stressing Aten's unique position in Egyptian religion. Aten's names were written in cartouches, like those of the royal family, and the royal family was close to Aten to the point of monopolization. The king and queen were Aten's delegates, and it was only to them that Aten, portrayed as a sun-disc, extended its arm-like rays in reliefs and carvings."
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The Tiananmen Square Massacre, 2005.
This paper examines the events of the Tiananmen Square massacre and its aftermath.
2,100 words (approx. 8.4 pages), 9 sources, APA, AU$ 104.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that China remains an enigma, isolated from the Western world and shrouded in mystery conceptualized by the Communist Red. Nonetheless, the Tiananmen Square massacre was a watershed in Chinese history and has had an enormous impact on China's foreign and domestic policy. The author points out that, since the massacre, the Unites States and the United Nations have attempted to assert power over China's ability to change their policies toward human rights. The paper relates that the people of China and their supporters worldwide will continue to fight together to expel the totalitarian regime-ruling people by terror-out of China and replace it with a free republic.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Event Profile
Aftermath
United Nations Role
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The massacre began June 4, 1989 as a peaceful demonstration by students "urging Chinese leaders to allow a more open, democratic society" and ended as one of Chinese history's worst moments. "Leveling their AK-47 assault rifles, the soldiers began firing away at the mobs. The gas tanks of commandeered buses exploded. Huge streams of people fled in terror past blazing trees" for safety. Later the mayhem spread into the streets of Beijing neighborhoods. The shooting filled the air as the troops wounded and killed innocent sleeping people. The city continued to erupt through out the night as "hospitals reported receiving scores of dead and hundreds or even thousands of wounded. When the government radio announced that 1,000 had died, the station's personnel were quickly removed and no further death toll was broadcast." It appears the Chinese government raced to cover up this event quickly as it was circulated that many bodies were being trucked away to be cremated so a real count could never be known."
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Stonehenge, 2002.
This paper discusses the mysteries of Stonehenge.
2,150 words (approx. 8.6 pages), 12 sources, AU$ 127.95
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Abstract
This paper traces the construction, enigma, and current cultural role of the Stonehenge in Salisbury, England.
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Encryption and Hash Algorithms, 2002.
A discussion of the differences between a code and a cipher.
2,025 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 7 sources, AU$ 113.95
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Abstract
Discusses differences between a code and a cipher. Requirements of each; how each works. History of encryption. Enigma machine of World War II. Pre-computer encrption. Development of computer program to encrypt data. Function of a "hash" (a number generated from text & smaller than the text itself). Privacy issues. Future of algorithms.
From the Paper
"Encryption and Hash Algorithms
Introduction
Stephen Levy (2001), reporting on the latest ?unbreakable code? begins his report by quoting Edgar Allan Poe. ?It may roundly be asserted that human ingenuity cannot concoct a cipher which human ingenuity cannot resolve? (Levy, 2001, 45). This article was selected to lead off this discussion of encryption because of two elements of confusion.
First, the headline read ?An Unbreakable Code?? and the article was about enciphering and deciphering, also called ?encryption? and ?decryption.? This is a common, and often-repeated mistake, one which can confuse the very field of study. A ?code? is not a ?cipher? anymore than a ?tennis ball? is a ?cabbage.?
A code is a..."
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