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Economic Interdependence, 2005.
This paper explains how managed economic interdependence should lead to security in the Asia-Pacific region.
2,250 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 10 sources, AU$ 129.95
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Abstract
The paper maintains that managed economic interdependence will and could lead to security in the Asia-Pacific region, now with rising political instability. The paper stresses that the process is different than in the European Union. The paper provides the definition of interdependence and its counter theory leading to the trade expectation theory and its weaknesses. The paper concludes with a political and economic overview of the Asia-Pacific countries and some suggestions for the future.
From the Paper
"The definition of the term "interdependence" is in reality a combination of two words. Dependence meaning relying on something or someone and inter a Latin word for between. Taken in an economic context, the significance is apparent - the world we live in today is based on a successful application of the true meaning of this word - how we depend, rely on one another, in other words, how we trade. The hypothesis of my paper will be to prove how managed economic interdependence will lead to security with the accent on the Asia-Pacific region."
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Globalization and Economic Interdependence, 2006.
This paper discusses the force of globalization and how it is not only creating a world that is economically interdependent, but one that is changing the nature of human purpose.
2,025 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 4 sources, AU$ 116.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses globalization and how it is changing the nature of the human purpose as well as reshaping us towards a new purpose. The paper further explains that these changes are occurring in the context of the global economy and that, through globalization, the entire world is becoming economically interdependent.
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State Sovereignty and Economic Interdependence, 2003.
An analysis of the rise of international interdependence, using the European Union as a case study.
1,074 words (approx. 4.3 pages), 3 sources, MLA, AU$ 54.95
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Abstract
State sovereignty, although detrimental in some regards, remains necessary and valuable. Despite impeding the establishment of powerful international institutions, state sovereignty insures greater political and military independence, advantages that states are unlikely to sacrifice for economic reasons. This essay uses the example of the European Union to explain the ways in which economic interdependence does not necessarily imply political or military interdependence. It explains the importance and necessity of state sovereignty.
From the Paper
"Although the EU has established some institutions resembling an increased tendency toward interdependence and shows signs of expanding to encompass more countries in the future, its actual degree of interdependence is questionable. Realists state that ?real interdependence required that states experience mutual vulnerability,? something that European states seem unwilling to do (Lieber 363). Nineteenth and twentieth century nationalism frequently arose and was solidified because of wars, and there has been no similar situation to link the continent of Europe into a common statehood."
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The Flying Geese Economic Development Model and East Asia, 2004.
This paper discusses the Flying Geese economic development theory-- the way production techniques are introduced to the less developed countries by the highly developed countrie. It also describes the development of the East Asian?s economies.
3,525 words (approx. 14.1 pages), 16 sources, APA, AU$ 143.95
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Abstract
This paper relates that, as this Flying Geese pattern of development progresses, countries in the Asian region become more and more integrated and interdependent. The author states that the Flying Geese model describes how industry passes through five stages: Introduction, import substitution, export, mature and reverse-import stages. The paper concludes that the significance of Flying Geese model in East Asia?s economic development is declining in recent time as high technology is introduced and globalization takes place. Tables.
Table of Contents
Introduction
The Meaning of Flying Geese Model
Evidences of Flying Geese Pattern Development in East Asia.
Significance of Flying Geese Hypothesis in East Asia Economic Development.
High Inflows of FDI and Export Expansion
International Economic Development.
Inter-Industry and Intra-Industry Trade Pattern.
Regional Integration
Declining Significance of Flying Geese Model in Recent Time
Conclusion
From the Paper
"When reaching export stage, the growth of domestic demand will decline. Exports of the product have begun to increase and imports decline. The strong exports enable the country to import capital goods for continued expansion of production. Inward FDI becomes significant as the same industry in the advanced countries has lost its comparative advantage and has to relocate to developing countries. As the industry gets into its mature stage, production slows down due to increasing costs and intensified competition from late-starting countries."
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Interdependence, 2007.
An analysis of the effects of international adoption and the difficulties adopted international children face in forming interdependent relationships.
1,501 words (approx. 6.0 pages), 9 sources, MLA, AU$ 72.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes interdependence in psychology with respect to international adoption. Specifically, the researcher focuses on the problems that international children have after adoption within the United States, including language or behavior problems. The paper then suggests some solutions to the problems that these children have.
Table of Contents:
Introduction/Background
Opinion/Assumptions
Nature of Interdependence
Types of Interdependence
Levels of Interdependence
Responsible Expression of Interdependence
From the Paper
"Rusbult & Van Lange (2003) suggest that interdependence theory "does not identify an overarching need or drives that fuels interpersonal behavior" but rather suggest that humans have "diverse instrumental and social-emotional needs, some biologically based and others learned" (p.351). In the case of international adoptions situations may exist where conflicting interests "involve challenging problems of adaptation" (Rusbult & Van Lange, 2003, 351). In these situations personal preferences are made known and an impulse toward "reciprocity" become powerful (Rusbult & Van Lange, 2003). Most people's impulses in these situations tend to be more "self centered and de-structured, prosocial reactions requiring transformation of the given situation" (Rusbult & Van Lange, 2003: 351). In these cases it is essential that parents act on behalf o their child at all costs to help avoid dilemmas and provide children the opportunity to exhibit more positive rather than negative reciprocity in a relationship."
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The International Economic Order, 2005.
This paper discuses the international economic order as a part of the "global village".
2,250 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 0 sources, AU$ 129.95
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Abstract
This paper explains the requirements of a cooperative and stable international economic order through the context of global trade and financial relations. The author points out the historical perspective and some solutions to a better interdependency of the opposing forces in the global arena. The paper describes the evolution of financial markets through time and the progression of trade through advancements in both technological and relational aspects.
From the Paper
"The world today is regarded as a "global village"; the rapidity with which information is exchanged, the speed of transport and the ease of communication have become standard. However, to understand how this came about involves taking a deeper look into the introduction of various international organizations and the way in which politics and economics are intricately connected. The realist approach to international relations assumes that there is anarchy, not in the sense of chaos and disorder but the actual absence of "world government" - there is no higher authority to which all states are subjected to and which is to have jurisdiction into states domestic issues."
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Social Interdependence, 2005.
An analysis of the article, "Social Interdependence and Performance and Motor Performance: A Meta-Analysis", by Stanne M. Johnson, D.W. Johnson, and R.T. Johnson.
920 words (approx. 3.7 pages), 1 source, MLA, AU$ 47.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how the article attempts to evaluate the importance of positive forms of social interdependence in such psychological factors as building student self-esteem and in creating more effective educational environments for students through the medium of cooperative learning. It explains how the article defines the concept of social interdependence. It also shows how, theoretically, social interdependence functions within positive and negative fashions, how it may be quantitatively measured in terms of the alliances individuals feel towards different social groups, for example, why it is an important concept for social scientists and educators, and how it may be deployed in cooperative learning situations.
From the Paper
"Organizationally, for a theoretical paper the use of definition, statistics, and then specifics is admirable. However, the problem with the writing style is that the authors Stanne, Johnson and Johnson are (1999) are so theoretical in their approach as to what is essentially a humanistic concept, that of social relationships and interdependence, that the text is excessively dry and difficult to apply to the lived reality of human, functional existence in a way that might be useful to educators in, for instance, creating lesson plans. Most educators already make use of some form of ?working in groups??how does one deploy this in a fashion to encourage social interdependence? In other words, some more detailed anecdotal examples of the functions of social interdependence would have been helpful, particularly earlier in the paper, when the concept is being defined."
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Japan's Rise to Economic Superpower, 2006.
A look at the the interactions and relationships of interdependence that characterize Japan's relations with other nations of the Pacific Rim.
2,118 words (approx. 8.5 pages), 7 sources, APA, AU$ 96.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at the rise of Japan to the position of an economic superpower and discusses how the Japanese economic expansion has changed its relations with other nations on the Pacific Rim. It also examines how optimal productivity and profitability will best be achieved through a foundation of cooperation and collaboration of the Pacific Rim countries that emphasize the creation of democracies in the region and an adherence to human rights.
Outline
Statement of Thesis
Introduction
Pacific Rim Countries
Key Issues in Asia Empowerment
Recession and Productivity Factors in Japanese Economy
Industrial Policy as an Economical Factor
Summary & Conclusion
Recommendations of the Study
From the Paper
"'Japan has the largest car industry worldwide. The agriculture sector is one that is smaller and stated to be "in decline" with "far fewer people...involved in growing food now than a few decades ago and crop production is falling." The most important of all Japan's economics sectors is that of industry with 30 percent of the workforce being employed in the automotive industry. This is a problem due to heavy reliance on imports in terms of raw material and fuel. (Twenty-First Century Online, 2005) Japan's growth rate of 5 percent is the highest among the G7 countries. Japan is expected by many authorities to replace the United States as the pre-eminent economic superpower in Pacific Asia."
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A Review of Adam Smith's Economic Classic, 2000.
A detailed look at economics classic "An Inquiry Into The Nature and Causes of The Wealth of Nations" by Adam Smith- the division of labor, the mercantile system etc.
20,000 words (approx. 80.0 pages), 1 source, AU$ 363.95
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Abstract
This paper begins with a review of the division of labour as presented in Adam Smith's economic classic. The paper considers the causes and how it is beneficial to society. Next, the paper looks at the topic of price and value of commodities and it expounds further on labour and its recompense, i.e. wages, and on the profits of stock and the rent of land. This review is followed by a review of the nature, accumulation and employment of stock and a short description of the towns-country interdependency in the industry of countries. The paper concludes with an examination of the mercantile system, the colonies and the colony trade of the world?s greatest nations, that followed the great discoveries at the end of the fourteenth century and fifteenth century.
From the Paper
"The wealth of a particular people consists in the necessaries and conveniences that their annual produce supplies or provides them with the means to exchange for. The extent of that welfare depends on two basic circumstances: in the first place, it depends on the skill, dexterity, and judgement with which this produce is worked out, and secondly, it depends on the proportion between the number of those that are employed in useful labour and those who are not employed. The first circumstance is proved to be of more consequence; but the second, if it is proxied instead by capital, the stock of which has direct implications on the number of people employed in productive labour, is of no less interest and comes to the accumulation of wealth and growth of industry. Different theories have been put forward in the policies of the countries through the centuries in their strive to accumulation of wealth, but the mercantile, or commercial, has long been the favourite and its flavour is sensed in these days? economic policies too. To expose its inherent fallacies has been one major goal of the author of this book. "
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World Interdependence, 2005.
This paper discusses whether the world is becoming more interdependent.
1,650 words (approx. 6.6 pages), 6 sources, MLA, AU$ 78.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that the concept of interdependence was borne out of the emerging Cold War liberal tradition from the 1960s to 1980s. The writer maintains that although the answer that the world is becoming increasingly independent seems evident, both empirical and theoretical groundwork on the concept is contestable. The writer discusses that liberal thinking can be tracked back as far as John Locke in the 17th century, but it is not until recently in the 20th century that liberalism has emerged as a rivalling paradigm to traditionalist or realist theory and has stirred such great debate. The writer concludes with the belief that the changing relations of this time are best analysed, explained and interpreted with a changing variety of tools.
From the Paper
"Keohane and Nye's concept of interdependence was in this sense less radical, because they incorporated many traditional aspects that would steal the thunder out of the realist critique levelled against Burton. Within their analysis they maintained a highly state-centric focus and also incorporated traditional concepts of power. While complex interdependence was certainly an ideal function, for the theoretical groundwork they ascribed interdependence as less omnipresent than Burton did. The significance of interdependence was restricted to international regimes, which were argues to can make a difference through enabling deepened levels of cooperation in areas of mutual interest. Although being more cautious than Burton, they did endorse a win-win logic rather than the zero-sum mechanism and thereby picked up on earlier ideas of harmony of interest. Their main stipulations, however, was that this was not an inevitable logic for international relations as a whole - it was rather applicable to certain transnational relations and not to others. Power remained a key emphasis and indeed an analytical tool in the array of theories."
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Interdependence in the Public Sector Budget, 2002.
Presents a detailed examination of public sector budgets and how certain factors are interrelated.
1,200 words (approx. 4.8 pages), 7 sources, MLA, AU$ 60.95
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Abstract
There are many items that make up the spending of a public sector budget, including the decision making process, the planning, and the release and flow of the budget funds. The system works because of the interdependence each phase has on the other phases of the process. This paper presents a detailed examination of public sector budgets, using the example of city and state governments to provide the reader with an understanding of the budget process. The writer displays the way the decision making process, the planning process, and the budget are all interrelated.
From the Paper
"Making the decision is something that is done by appointment or by vote and it often includes an opportunity for public comments. These comments can be about the decision itself, the budgetary considerations or other aspects of the process. The decision is made and if it is in favor of the project or service the next step is the planning. The planning has been interconnected to the decision making process because the planning had to be looked at during the decision to accept and perform the project or service for public value."
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Interdependent Waves of Feminism, 2008.
An analysis of the wave theory in feminism.
1,361 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 2 sources, MLA, AU$ 66.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the wave theory in feminism. The paper points out that some scholars and activists argue that this metaphor aptly describes the historical progression of feminist theory, while others explain it as a historical progression through the use of waves. This paper argues that the wave theory, because it is essentially a generational paradigm, deceptively suggests that the challenges and struggles of an earlier generation do not apply to those that succeed it. The paper then analyzes a seminal issue, from each of the three waves, that continues to reverberate today: black women and poverty, negative feminist stereotypes, and the continued demotion of a black woman's status and word.
From the Paper
"Most historians delimit the years of the first wave as those between the 1848 Women's Rights Convention in Seneca Falls and the ratification of the nineteenth amendment in 1920. The women that formed this generation of feminists (even though they never used that rather modern word) were concerned, above all else, with de jure political inequalities like the withholding of suffrage. However, these same women were integrally involved in the anti-slavery movement, and much of their activism aimed to alleviate the situation of African-American women in the southern states. Slavery, of course, ended after the Union's victory in the civil war, but that sad chapter in American history still reverberates loudly today, and it would not be an exaggeration to write that the trauma of that experience trickled down through the generations and is directly responsible for the social and economic predicaments that so many African-Americans find themselves facing today."
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Interdependent Relationships Found in Kingsolver's "The Bean Trees", 2001.
A look at the characters' development in the above work through their relationships with one another.
1,160 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 1 source, MLA, AU$ 57.95
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Abstract
This paper deals with the theme of miraculous things happening when people have others to depend on and who allow others to depend on them. The essay begins with the character of Taylor and follows a chain of friendship and influence through Lou Ann, Mattie, Estevan and Esperanza. The author concludes with a look at the effects of the group forming a family of sorts.
From the Paper
"From the moment they meet, Taylor and Lou Ann know they share a common kinship in more ways than one. Both were born and raised in Kentucky and have experienced their fair share of hardship growing up, and they are both single parents struggling to get by day to day. Yet, when they meet and begin integrating their lives together to form a bond of support, encouragement, and friendship, the obstacles they must overcome seem a little easier to bear. They help one another by sharing household chores, expenses, and child rearing, virtually erasing the difficulties associated with their plight. Taylor and Lou Ann come to depend on one another for monetary as well as emotional support in order to survive. Separately, they may never have successfully accomplished all that they have endeavored to do together. Without the support of one another, they may never have grown into the mature women that they will become. However, they do not accept all the credit for blossoming into successful, self-confident women. They give a lot of credit to their friend and confidant, Mattie."
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Integration of the European Union, 2004.
Discusses the statement: "European integration only proceeds if and as far as it is in the interest of member state governments".
3,000 words (approx. 12.0 pages), 8 sources, APA, AU$ 128.95
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Abstract
Since the end of World War II, Europe has experienced a strong development towards European integration. However, this development towards a unified Europe has not been without any conflicts and interruptions. The European Union with its common policies has been rather the result of a long, troublesome and complex procedure of integration. There is one view which reasons this is due to the fact that European integration only proceeds where and as far as it is in the interest of member state governments. This essay discusses this view by analyzing the most significant theories on European integration. Furthermore, the paper takes the Economic Monetary Union (EMU) as an example in order to show how the specific theories actually manifested themselves in practice.
Table of Contents:
I. Introduction
II. Theories of Integration
1. Intergovernmentalism
1.1. Theory of Intergovernmentalism
1.1.1. Rising Interdependence
1.1.2. Domestic Politics and National Preference Formation
1.1.3. Intergovernmental Bargaining
1.1.4. Delegation to Supranational Authorities and Consolidation
1.2. The Establishment of the EMU from the Intergovernmentalist Perspective
1.2.1. Rising Economic Interdependence
1.2.2. European Monetary System (EMS)
1.2.3. The Transition to EMU
1.2.4. Delegation to the European Central Bank (ECB)
2. Neofunctionalism
2.1. Theory of Neofunctionalism
2.1.1. Spill-over Effects
2.1.2. Institutionalization
2.2. The Establishment of the EMU from the Neofunctionalist Perspective
2.2.1. EMU as the Result of Political and Functional Spill-over
2.2.2. EMU as the Result of Institutionalization
2.2.3. Enlargement of EMU due to Geographical Spill-over
III. Conclusion
IV. Reference List
From the Paper
"The plan for the implementation of the EMU was also the result of intergovernmental bargaining. In the Maastricht Treaty, all participating member state executives agreed on the implementation of the EMU. The idea of Genscher, the foreign minister of West Germany, that monetary union "should be fully institutionalised around a single currency and a European central bank" (Levitt, Lord, 2000:45) found agreement in the intergovernmental bargaining. Consequently, state-executives delegated their powers of monetary control to the supranational ECB. Hence, today's ECB with its independence and control of monetary policy is based on the unanimous agreement and interest of its member state governments."
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The Household Allocation Process.
This paper discusses the economic theories of the household allocation process, which includes the power and decision-making roles within the family.
10,590 words (approx. 42.4 pages), 39 sources, MLA, AU$ 307.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that major changes in recent years in one of the primary institutions of society and the family have changed the theories of household economics. The author pointed out that one of the hypothesis is that women's power and status within the household are associated with their income-earning ability. The paper relates that many economists have developed bargaining models, which include the formation, function and dissolution of marriage, and family behavior by including information from evolutionary biology, anthropology, game theory, and economic research of family resource allocation and behavior.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Background of Study
Linking Household Economics with Anthropology and Biology
Hypotheses on Household Allocation Processes
Income Pooling
Family Expenditure Patterns and the Attachment Theory
Control over Income: Self-esteem, Power, and Decision-making
Interdependence of the Market and Household Economies
Economic Perspectives
Human Capital
Household and Family
Patterns of Money Management
Sociological Implications of Income Distribution
Social Perspectives
Extending Beyond Parents
Testing Economic Models
Conclusion
From the Paper
"In summary, this study shows that fathers have the capacity for responsiveness and care-giving equivalent to that of mothers, but that in most cultures the mother is traditionally the primary caregiver. This pattern is slowly changing in Westernized societies. As of now, however, the mother remains the most responsive party to the child's needs, and therefore may be more likely than the father to spend money to meet those needs. This expenditure depends greatly on her access to resources, whether through decision-making power in the household or through control over her own source of funds. Who makes decisions about expenditures within the family, then, may have a significant impact on the use of resources for meeting the immediate needs of infants and young children."
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Free Trade, 2007.
This paper discusses free trade and looks at the economic benefits of current agreements between the US and its economic partners.
5,132 words (approx. 20.5 pages), 7 sources, MLA, AU$ 187.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer points out that while tariffs were once popular in the historical past as a way of protecting the national economy from the forces of competition, today most economists agree that free trade has more benefits for both countries engaging in such trade than drawbacks. The writer notes that the United States-Israel Free Trade Agreement, the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), and the Canada-Costa Rica Free Trade Agreement, are all treaties that have attempted to curtail or eliminate tariffs between the agreeing nations with the aim of improving international business. These agreements are discussed. The writer concludes that by rendering nations more interdependent upon one another in the developed and developing worlds, persons living in areas of the globe, from Canada to Costa Rica, from Mexico to Israel to the United States, will have a greater interest in maintaining peace and stability between nations of different cultures.
From the Paper
"The United States-Israel Free Trade Agreement, the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), and the Canada-Costa Rica Free Trade Agreement, are all treaties that have attempted to curtail or eliminate tariffs between the agreeing nations with the aim of improving international business. The US-Israel Free Trade Agreement was the first of its kind, and has since become a model for other free trade agreements. The US-Israel Free Trade Agreement allowed American products to compete with European goods on the Israel domestic market. It was agreed upon between countries in 1985 and eliminated almost all restrictions and duties on trade between the United States and Israel. A non-binding declaration of trade in services was also included in the FTA, providing for the elimination of barriers in industries pertaining to tourism, communications, banking, insurances, management, consulting, accounting, law, computer sciences, and advertising."
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