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Culture's Impact on Economic Development, 2004.
Questions whether cultural values that are conducive to business are a cause or an outcome of economic development and whether their role has been exaggerated.
1,608 words (approx. 6.4 pages), 4 sources, MLA, AU$ 68.95
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Abstract
This essay assesses two theoretical approaches (culturalist and culture-free perspective) on culture's impact on economic development and gives a sound response on whether the cultural issue has been exaggerated. Furthermore, this essay compares the economic development of growing Japan and declining Britain, in order to demonstrate the application of both views on real cases. The paper includes a table.
Paper Outline:
Introduction
Culture's Impact on Economic Development
Conclusion
Reference List
From the Paper
"Lewis, Fitzgerald and Harvey (1996) particularly outline Neo-Confucianism's focus on savings and education to be the underlying cause of economic development. High rates of physical capital formation can be attributed to the Confucian values. "Savings are important to economic growth because they make investment possible, and investment is crucial to the upgrading of an economy over time" (Lewis, et al, 1996:65). Japanese competitive advantage of skilled labour is also the result of Confucianism's importance on education. "Most impressive perhaps is the fact that the expansion of enrolment in secondary schools and higher education in these countries over this time was higher than that of any other group of countries" (Lewis, et al, 1996:66)."
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The Flying Geese Economic Development Model and East Asia, 2004.
This paper discusses the Flying Geese economic development theory-- the way production techniques are introduced to the less developed countries by the highly developed countrie. It also describes the development of the East Asian?s economies.
3,525 words (approx. 14.1 pages), 16 sources, APA, AU$ 127.95
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Abstract
This paper relates that, as this Flying Geese pattern of development progresses, countries in the Asian region become more and more integrated and interdependent. The author states that the Flying Geese model describes how industry passes through five stages: Introduction, import substitution, export, mature and reverse-import stages. The paper concludes that the significance of Flying Geese model in East Asia?s economic development is declining in recent time as high technology is introduced and globalization takes place. Tables.
Table of Contents
Introduction
The Meaning of Flying Geese Model
Evidences of Flying Geese Pattern Development in East Asia.
Significance of Flying Geese Hypothesis in East Asia Economic Development.
High Inflows of FDI and Export Expansion
International Economic Development.
Inter-Industry and Intra-Industry Trade Pattern.
Regional Integration
Declining Significance of Flying Geese Model in Recent Time
Conclusion
From the Paper
"When reaching export stage, the growth of domestic demand will decline. Exports of the product have begun to increase and imports decline. The strong exports enable the country to import capital goods for continued expansion of production. Inward FDI becomes significant as the same industry in the advanced countries has lost its comparative advantage and has to relocate to developing countries. As the industry gets into its mature stage, production slows down due to increasing costs and intensified competition from late-starting countries."
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Economic Development and the Civil War, 2008.
This paper explores how economic developments in America, from colonization through the 1850s, contributed to growing divisions between the North and South.
1,836 words (approx. 7.3 pages), 4 sources, MLA, AU$ 75.95
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Abstract
The paper examines the economic development of colonial America in the South and the North and considers the levels at which that development had an effect. The paper explains the factors that played a role in the different evolution of the colonies, that include the institution of slavery, the political scene, the level of education and the economic needs. The paper concludes that the economic development of the North and South greatly influenced the relationship between the sides and eventually led to the Civil War.
From the Paper
"The period of the colonial America is widely considered to be one of the most important periods in the history of the US. It represented a time when the states identified their main political, economic, social, and cultural characteristics, which would later on influence the equilibrium that had to be established in the Union. However, due to historical experiences, natural resources, and more importantly, to the immigration flux that touched America as early as the 17th century, a certain differentiation between the North and the South states became increasingly visible. In the end, it was an important factor that triggered the start of the Civil War."
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Economic Development in Honduras, 2005.
An analysis of economic development in Honduras from 1820 to present.
1,818 words (approx. 7.3 pages), 10 sources, APA, AU$ 75.95
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Abstract
This paper provides an overview of the Republic of Honduras, an assessment of the contemporary constraints to its economic development and an analysis of current economic indicators. A summary of the research is provided in the conclusion.
Introduction
Review and Discussion
Contemporary Constraints to Economic Development
Economic Indicators in Honduras Today
Conclusion
From the Paper
"During its colonial period, Honduras was a province of the Captaincy General of Guatemala, which itself was under the administration of Mexican authorities. Civil wars during the 1820s and 1830s aggravated the collapse, but these problems did not disappear when the country achieved its independence. In fact, "the new nation was born in debt" (Euraque 4). For example, in 1821, the Honduran treasury acknowledged outstanding debts totaling over four million pesos, an amount that subsequently increased to about five million after independence from Mexico. According to Euraque, more loans were quickly assumed by Honduras and in 1825, Central American federal governments contracted for additional loans in British financial markets. "By 1826 the first loan succumbed to a British stock market collapse, and the Central American government was saddled with debts largely for expenses, commissions, government salaries, and cash advances" (Euraque 4). The collapsing regional economies and civil wars did not help in obtaining resources to could pay off the debts that had accumulated during the 1860s, almost three decades after Honduras had separated from the Central American Federation (Euraque 1996)."
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Economic Development in the Middle Ages., 2008.
A discussion of the economic development in the Medieval times and early modern period.
1,430 words (approx. 5.7 pages), 2 sources, APA, AU$ 61.95
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Abstract
This essay examines how economic development had a tremendous impact on the middle ages and early modern period in our history. It explains that the early modern period brought organized government and the Industrial and Commercial Revolutions, which helped establish different nation states as European powerhouses. The paper also looks at the fall of the Roman and Carolingian Empires to the crusades to the Black Death, and points out that there were many tragic and fortunate events that led to improvements in technology and the creation of capitalist economies. The paper then discusses the economic theory of mercantilism and the decline of Christian theology. In conclusion, the paper shows that economic development had a tremendous impact on the Medieval and early modern period due to vast improvements in centralized governments and trade routes which created an influx of money and wealth for European nations.
Outline:
Roman Empire
Middle Ages
Early Modern Period
From the Paper
"Diocletian and Constantine were responsible for the political reformation of Rome in the fourth century (Spielvogel, 2008, p.116). Diocletian realized that the empire had grown far too large for just one single ruler so he divided the land up into four separate administrative regions (eventually western and eastern parts). Each had its own leader although he still retained absolute power over Rome. Civil and military reforms were now considered separate services from one another and each had its own hierarchy of administrators yet still worked under the overall Roman budget. This separation of powers is commonly used today in capitalist countries. However, this change used up large sums of the budget yet the roman population was not growing and there was no one else left to tax. This presented a problem and they soon realized their empire was suffering from inflation. Diocletian attempted to install new taxation prices but despite severe punishments, was unable to enforce the policies and they did not work. Constantine continued to drain the public funds when he decided to build a "New Rome" near Byzantium, named Constantinople."
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Corruption and Economic Development, 2007.
This paper explores the levels of corruption in relation to economic development in developing countries.
1,254 words (approx. 5.0 pages), 6 sources, MLA, AU$ 55.95
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Abstract
The paper examines how political, economic, social and cultural conditions prevailing in a country influence the economic development and the level of corruption. The paper discusses the direct relationship between economic development, corruption and political transition in Mexico, Taiwan, Russia and the People's Republic of China. The paper concludes that there are no easy solutions available for developing countries making the transition from authoritarianism to free-market democracy and struggling to establish viable, stable economies.
From the Paper
"Economic development is often correlated to the degree of corruption, especially in countries struggling to transition from authoritarian rule to free-market democracy. For example, in Mexico and Taiwan, it is evident that correlations exist between economic development and corruption, for the sectors of their economies which are performing the best are the ones most riddled with corrupt relationships between government officials and businessmen in the form of paying bribes or providing kickbacks."
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Economic Development and Resource Allocation in India, 2002.
Proposes a research design to examine the impact of defense spending on economic and social development in India.
3,664 words (approx. 14.7 pages), 8 sources, MLA, AU$ 131.95
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Abstract
This paper proposes a study with the principal focus being on the macroeconomic effects on economic growth and social development in India, by spending on national defense. The time frame of the proposed study is the inclusive 30-year period 1969-1998. The paper shows that in the proposed study, national defense expenditures are to be assessed as an independent variable in a time series analysis wherein economic development and social development are dependent variables. The specific economic models and their specifications are addressed in the paper too.
From the Paper
"One of the more controversial issues in public policy analysis concerns the question of the effects of spending on defense spending on a country?s economic and social development. Proponents of high levels of defense spending claim that significant economic benefits derive from such expenditures. It is inferred that, as a consequence of economic benefits associated with spending on national defense, social benefits also accrue to the country. Opponents emphasize that any economic benefits derived from high levels of spending on national defense are short-term in character, at best, and that, over the long-term, such expenditures retard economic development. The detractors of high levels of defense spending claim further that retarded economic development, in turn, leads to retarded social development (Mintz & Stevenson, 1995)."
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Economic Development, ICT and Poverty Reduction, 2007.
An examination of the link between economic development, information and communication technology (ICT) and poverty reduction.
1,765 words (approx. 7.1 pages), 34 sources, MLA, AU$ 73.95
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Abstract
This paper proposes a research study on the link between economic development, information and communication technology (ICT) and poverty reduction, specifically in the country of Ethiopia. The paper provides a literature review and summarizes the findings. The paper discusses the results that show how ICT development and implementation has the potential to transform the economics of a country, specifically one such as Ethiopia. The paper notes that there are barriers to implementation but it has been shown that they could be overcome.
Outline:
Objective
Introduction
Research Questions
Review of the Literature
Summary of the Literature Reviewed
Methodology
From the Paper
"The work of Ziadi and Kuofie (2006) entitled: "Impact of ICT on Organization in Tunsia" states the fact that in the face of changes that are economic and technological in nature companies become "more conscious of the importance of their structure, technologies and intellectual capital." These authors cite Zack (1999) in the statement of "This capital is considered as a not easily imitable competing weapon." Nonaka (1991) is cited in the statement of: "This is why the competitiveness of these companies is dependent on acquisition, creation, the localization and the renewal of the organizational knowledge." (Ziadi and Kuofie, 2006)."
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Japan's Economic Development, 2006.
A history of Japan's economic development after WWII.
3,727 words (approx. 14.9 pages), 7 sources, MLA, AU$ 134.95
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Abstract
This paper details Japan's rise as an economic power from the period immediately following WWII to the present. The paper explains the strategy Japan used to achieve the status of an economic superpower, how their economic success has affected other world economies and, in particular, the U.S. economy, discusses the Japanese government's total focus on strengthening the economy while disregarding, as a goal, the strengthening of the military and reviews the country's industrial policies. The paper also examines the state of Japanese consumers and compares it to the state of American consumers and concludes with a discussion of Japan's current financial situation.
Table of Contents
Effect of World War II on Japan
The Bureaucratic Mind
Economic Development and National Security
Ups and Downs in Industrial Policies
The State of Japanese Consumers
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The occupation of Japan by the Allied Powers started in August 1945 and ended in April 1952. General Macarthur was its first Supreme Commander. The whole operation was mainly carried out by the United States. Japan basically lost all the territory acquired after 1894 In addition; the Kurile Islands were occupied by the Soviet Union. Okinawa was returned to Japan in 1972, however a territorial dispute with Russia concerning the Kurile Islands has not been resolved yet. The remains of Japan's war machine were destroyed, and war crime trials were held. Over 500 military officers committed suicide right after Japan surrendered, and many hundreds more were executed for committing war crimes. A new constitution went into effect in 1947 in Japan. The Emperor who was considered the Supreme Head lost all political and military power and was made a symbolic Head of the State. Universal suffrage was introduced and human rights were guaranteed. Japan was also forbidden to ever lead a war again or to maintain an army."
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Government, Economic Development and Early Modern Europe, 2002.
Examines the role of government in early-modern Spain and Holland, focusing on economic development.
2,525 words (approx. 10.1 pages), 8 sources, AU$ 121.95
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Abstract
The purpose of this paper will be to compare and contrast the nature and role of government in the economic development of early-modern Spain with that in early-modern Holland.
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Japan's Economic Development, 2006.
This paper analyzes the importance of Japan's foreign direct investment (FDI), to its economic development and growth.
2,686 words (approx. 10.7 pages), 7 sources, MLA, AU$ 104.95
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Abstract
This paper defines FDI inflow as the investment one particular country or nation receives from another, while outflow is the amount of resources leaving the investing country into the source country. This well-researched paper focuses on the history of Japan's economy and the recent significant increase of FDI inflow into the country. The writer of this paper compares Japan's FDI flows to those of other countries. The ratio of inward FDI compared to nominal GDP in 2000 was only 1.1% in Japan, which compares to 27.9% in the U.S., 32.4% in the UK and 22.4% in Germany. The writer contends and explains why Japan's FDI flows are crucial for economic development and growth in other nations as well as on its own shores. This paper delves into the various programs instituted by the Japan Investment Council, which is geared towards making the public aware of the role of Japan's FDI and its overall importance to the economy.
Table of Contents:
Executive Summary (Abstract)
Background
History
Statement of Problem
Research
References Cited
From the Paper
"As of September 2004, foreign-affiliated firms employed some 1.02 million workers in Japan, JETRO research finds. This figure represents only 2.4 percent of Japan's total permanent workforce and lags well behind that of other developed countries such as the U.S. at 5.5 percent and Germany at 5.4 percent. In Japan's finance/insurance sector, however, the share of foreign-affiliated company employment accounted for 8.2 percent of the sector's total permanent workforce. Subsidiaries of foreign companies employ the most, at 598,657 workers, followed by sub-subsidiaries at 373,566, and Japanese branches of foreign-owned companies, at 51,218. By industry category, affiliates in the manufacturing industry employ the most, at 37.4 percent, followed closely by the wholesale, retail and restaurant sector, which accounts for 34.1 percent of the total figure for Japan."
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Economic Development and Pollution, 2002.
Discusses the ways in which the economic development of a country can contribute to global pollution and environmental damage.
880 words (approx. 3.5 pages), 5 sources, MLA, AU$ 40.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at the various type of pollution created when a country begins the process of economic development. It compares the types of pollution generally encountered in underdeveloped countries to countries undergoing the process of industrialization. Also, discussed in this paper, are the ways that the industrialization process can spread pollution, the types of industry that contribute to pollution and how the fuels needed to support these industries create even more pollution.
From the Paper
"Once industrial development takes place, the process of pollution affects air, ground and water. Plants and factories produce suspended particulates, sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, ozone and lead. (Edgmand et al, 1996) At one time, it was thought that the harmful effects of these manufacturing byproducts became naturally neutralized by the wind, and in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, smokestacks were built to great heights to achieve this goal. However, all that happened was that the pollution was dispersed to other areas; for example, Scandinavia became the victim of industrial pollution from Germany and Great Britain."
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Culture and Economic Development, 2004.
This paper presents the argument that culture influences economic development.
904 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 52 sources, APA, AU$ 40.95
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Abstract
The paper argues that culture influences economic development and that certain cultures are more likely to be associated with development than others. The paper explains the role of competition and discusses globalization.
From the Paper
"Cultural and Economic Development Within the Modern World System. The territorial framework of political states has created and maintained a competitive economic system within which each state tries to insulate itself as much as possible from the rigors of the world market, while attempting simultaneously to turn the market to its own advantage."
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Economic Development in Africa, 2008.
This paper is a thorough analysis of economic development issues in Africa, along with theories that may be applied to the situation.
26,070 words (approx. 104.3 pages), 49 sources, APA, AU$ 323.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses economic development in Africa through leadership, along with the impact of such development. The paper first looks at many theorists, such as David Hume, Frederick Nietzsche, John Locke and Karl Marx, and how their theories relate to modern issues in Africa. The paper posits that according to these theorists, nothing has changed in Africa because the people do not want the change. However, the author asks the question: Do the people of Africa know that there is a chance for change? Have they been told, in a way that they understand, that they can work to make a difference? People must have hope for the future, and if that hope can be coupled with knowledge of things that can actually be accomplished, there is a high probability that at least some of them will attempt to do something that will improve their lives and the lives of others. The most important part of this is that these people must be aware of the possibilities, and they must also see that there are actual, realistic ways to attain what it is that they want and need. If they can be shown these things, they may move forward into the understanding that there are other ways to look at the problems and issues that they face. Furthermore, the paper then applies these theoretical statements to a case in Ethiopia in order to make suggestions of how to help the region grow stronger and how to correct some of the problems it has been seeing.
Outline:
Section I. Theory
Section II. Literature Review and Current Research Issue
Section III. Practical Application: Ethiopia
From the Paper
"Despite this, though, these countries are also growing, and this has been taking place more rapidly in recent years as society becomes more global, and as outsourcing takes place. Because these countries are starting to expand and grow, they are more interesting to investors and other business individuals. As their growth increases, so will the direct investment that many companies are making into them. In turn, this will help their growth increase still further, boosting their economies and prompting others to invest in them more strongly. Based on this, not only will the investors prosper, but the developing countries will prosper as well, and this will benefit everyone that is involved.
"This is not to say that foreign direct investment is always good, or that it completely helps every country because, with economic growth comes changes to the way that people live and work, and some of these changes are not always wanted. More people having nicer things due to a better economy, for example, can make those that still do not have much envious, which can turn them to crime and other problems. However, overall, foreign direct investment appears to be a fast-moving and growing industry that is, for the most part, providing much to individuals in developing countries. Without further study of the issue, though, this cannot completely be determined. Foreign direct investment is not always the best choice, however, and there are other ways to encourage economic growth and development for countries that are not doing well, either because of governmental problems, because of wars, or for other reasons, such as famine and disease."
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Urban Economic Development, 2005.
An analysis of an urban economic development proposal for the Greater Moncton region.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 1 source, AU$ 45.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses urban economic development in the Greater Moncton region. The paper discusses two businesses who are vying for a location to set up a manufacturing plant in the area. The paper discusses the fact that Molson has been selected as the third best city in Canada for new business development and expansion.
From the Paper
"A lot has changed over the past decade and new business opportunities in Moncton are better than ever. In the boom, bust, and echo cycle of the economy, Moncton is experiencing the boom. Moncton's rapid growth rate over the past ten years has transformed the city into a booming mecca for new opportunities in business development. The Canadian Business Magazine ranked Moncton as the third best city in Canada for new business development and expansion."
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Environmental Factors vs. Economic Development, 2006.
This paper analyzes the manner in which environmental factors impact on the economic development of the United States and Japan.
1,889 words (approx. 7.6 pages), 8 sources, MLA, AU$ 78.95
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Abstract
This paper delves into the close relationship between the U.S. and Japan, while discussing the mutual advantages of increased economic trade and strategic military alliances in response to a growing threat from North Korea. The writer of this paper analyzes how particular environmental factors, such as social background, political systems, regulatory requirements, educational levels and religions have influenced the economic development of both nations. This paper compares the differences and similarities between the U.S. and Japan on a variety of topics, including religion and literacy. The U.S. is at a slight disadvantage compared to Japan in terms of literacy rates, 97% of the population over the age of 15 years is literate, compared to 99% in Japan. According to the World Bank, however, the U.S. scored slightly ahead of Japan in terms of overall educational opportunities. This paper also presents various graphs and tables, illustrating the scores and economic placements of both the U.S. and Japan, as cited in the World Bank's Knowledge Economy Index.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Review and Analysis
Comparison and Analysis of Key Metrics
Conclusion
References
From the Paper
"Companies that compete within a regulated environment are subject to legal and economic constraints that are not faced by firms in unregulated environments; consequently, such companies are exposed to high levels of determinism which can severely limit the strategic choices available. According to Carlile and Tilton, there is a significant challenge involved in understanding the Japanese regulatory environment for those whose primary frame of reference is the regulatory environment found in Western countries. The fiscal situation that emerged was even worse than that which had induced the 1980s administrative reform movement, and Japan's debt level quickly soared to the highest level among the leading advanced industrialized countries. With the official discount rate eventually dropping to 0.5 percent, further lowering of interest rates was not an option."
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