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Canada's Trade Policy, 2007.
This paper reviews the book "A Trading Nation: Canadian Trade Policy from Colonialism to Globalization", by Michael Hart.
1,649 words (approx. 6.6 pages), 1 source, MLA, AU$ 85.95
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Abstract
The paper examines Michael Hart's thesis that Canadian trade policy has too often been shaped by political considerations rather than economic ones and this trend has led to economic dislocation that could have been avoided. The writer agrees with Hart in general, noting his lucid arguments in favor of free trade and his especially cogent argument in favor of NAFTA. The writer concludes that Michael Hart has made a valuable contribution to existing literature.
From the Paper
"Hart's defense of his thesis really begins early on in his work. For one thing, Hart notes that Canada has actually been strengthened in some respects by a heavily-regulated international trade situation insofar as such an arrangement actually makes it less vulnerable to unilateral and arbitrary decisions in Washington or elsewhere (8). Simply on its surface, this assertion makes a great deal of sense: Canada is a nation of just over 30 million souls; the United States has about ten times that number and possibly a 100 times the economic clout world-wide. Furthermore, other nations like Russia, China, India and even "western European" nations like France, Germany and Great Britain all have considerably greater human and capital resources than does Canada."
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Trade Policy, 2007.
An evaluation of the economic data and trade policy presented in "A Trading Nation: Canadian Trade Policy from Colonialism to Globalization" by Michael Hart.
1,425 words (approx. 5.7 pages), 1 source, MLA, AU$ 75.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews Michael Hart's book, "A Trading Nation: Canadian Trade Policy from Colonialism to Globalization" in order to argue the case that Canadian trade policy is often created around subjective and biased economic information that create Canada's trade policy. The paper further analyzes how Hart uses both trade policy and empirical economic data in his research, rather than using market fluctuations and government interaction, to define how Canada's trade economy will function for the best interest of the nation.
From the Paper
"Finally, Hart uses trade policy to define how Canada will co-exist with America as a major trade partner in multilateral trade policy. Although the 1995 AFTA agreement helped to open the borders with American trade, the actually trade policy issues within the agreement were often not in the best interest of Canada. Often the issue of privatization in the American economy helped to defy the "openness" of the agreement, which helps to solidify Hart's thesis of data that stays close with policy initiatives. In many ways, the data revolving around Canada's markets and the way that politics plays into the mix, does not reflect the serious issues that limit the true autonomy of Canada's part in the NAFTA."
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Canadian Trade Policies, 2005.
This paper discusses direct and indirect trade intervention policies for Canada.
675 words (approx. 2.7 pages), 1 source, AU$ 42.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that devising a direct coercive intervention to promote Canadian trade is a complicated task because Canada's participation in such international forums, as the World Trade Organization and NAFTA, limit the choice of direct and coercive interventions as tariff barriers. The author points out that the Minister of Foreign Affairs and Trade may be well advised to consider an indirect intervention policy. The paper relates that the voluntary nature of this policy is attractive enough to acquire widespread adherence to boost significantly Canadian trade and that its indirect characteristics minimize Canadian exposure to retaliatory measures by its trading partners.
From the Paper
"It must be acknowledged that devising a direct, coercive intervention to promote Canadian trade is a complicated task given the fact that Canada's participation in such international forums as the World Trade Organization and NAFTA limit the choice of such direct and coercive interventions as tariff barriers. However, the Minister of Foreign Affairs and Trade may be well advised to consider indirect interventions that, while voluntary, are attractive enough to acquire widespread adherence and thus may significantly boost Canadian trade while their indirect characteristics minimize Canadian exposure to retaliatory measures by our trading partners."
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Canada's Trade Expansion Under NAFTA, 2002.
Investigates the effects of NAFTA on Canada's trade, focusing on the agricultural, energy and automobile industries.
4,900 words (approx. 19.6 pages), 30 sources, AU$ 283.95
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Abstract
This paper compares the change in Canadian trade with the United States and Mexico with Canada's trade with the rest of the world. It will also focus on three sectors, namely the agricultural, energy and automotive industries. This will include an outline of the specific NAFTA provisions for these particular industries, an assessment of the changes implied for the industries as a result of the existence of NAFTA and, perhaps most importantly, an analysis of the actual effects of NAFTA on the industries.
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Canada's Trade, 2002.
Examines Canada's role within the global economy and the impact of trade without borders.
1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 6 sources, AU$ 70.95
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Abstract
This essay discusses the many implications to the cycle of Canada's trade. Canada's role within the global economy entails many advantages and disadvantages. The more that there is trade without borders, the more that Canada risks losing its identity and independence.
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Gender Inequality in Canada's Hospitality Trade, 2002.
A paper which examines the male dominance of the hospitality trade in Canada.
653 words (approx. 2.6 pages), 3 sources, MLA, AU$ 37.95
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Abstract
This paper establishes an understanding of gender inequality in the hospitality industry in Canada. The paper identifies the reasons why men dominate managerial positions in Canada, discusses reasons for preferential treatment for men in the hospitality industry, and examines potential motivations for females to pursue managerial positions and any obstacles they face.
From the Paper
"In conclusion, Canadian women face discrimination based not only on their gender, but also on race, age, ethnicity, disability and sexual orientation. Yet many continue to pursue management positions in the service and hospitality industries for numerous reasons, including higher pay, better job security, more benefits and a more respectable title. The absence of human resource policies and strategies in many companies in this field is a deterrent to gender diversity. The work environment and culture are not conducive to promoting women in management. This prevents women's accessibility to top management positions. For example, there are no programs to facilitate the advancement of women as role models, absence of mentoring programs, and lack of management training programs."
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Canada's International Trade, 2008.
A brief overview of Canada's strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats as a trading nation in the current global marketplace.
780 words (approx. 3.1 pages), 3 sources, APA, AU$ 43.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how Canadian trade policies are a major influence on the nation's recent successful economic performance. It looks at how one key to Canada's economic success was the fact that it combined forces with the United States and Mexico in the North American Free Trade Agreement. The paper then discusses how, although NAFTA has made Canada overly dependent on a few nations, Canada has established other free trade ties around the world and will continue to be an international trading force to be reckoned with.
From the Paper
"Canada does have weaknesses in their armor. One of Canada's greatest concerns is the continued positive surge of the United States economy. Through NAFTA, Canada has become almost too dependent on the United States. In addition, other weaknesses have manifested themselves as it seems to be extremely difficult for the Canadian government to create a balance between some internal regulatory pressure and that complicates external trade relations. For example, the Canadian government is notoriously protective of their agricultural and dairy industries as well as their automotive export import ratios. Other concerns expressed from Canada's various trading partners include restrictive taxation for the foreign film distribution and production industries and attempts to blatantly dump steel on Chile and the Untied States. "
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Canada and Trade Agreements, 2003.
An analysis of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) and the Free Trade Agreement (FTA) on the Canadian economy.
2,100 words (approx. 8.4 pages), 3 sources, MLA, AU$ 104.95
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Abstract
This paper shows how the FTA and the NAFTA help the Canadian economy export and import into the United States?s economy. It also discusses how essential the American economy is for Canada to succeed in the international business arena.
From the Paper
"The Canadian economy is largely affected by the United States economy through the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) and the Free Trade Agreement (FTA). The North American Free Trade Agreement was an agreement that came into effect on January 1,1995 which involves Mexico, Canada and the United States of America. This agreement has been said to produce 1 billion to 3 billion dollar gains in each country. NAFTA ensures that a certain amount of goods produced and traded between the three countries has to have a minimum percentage of its parts produced in North America."
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Impact of Free Trade on Canada, 2002.
Argues that the overall impact on Canada of free trade with the United States has been more damaging than beneficial.
1,900 words (approx. 7.6 pages), 7 sources, AU$ 113.95
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Abstract
The debate in Canada over free trade with the United States has always been heated. Both sides have consistently pointed to evidences that appear to support their own argument. There has, for instance, been reason to believe that free trade has had a beneficial impact on Canada. But this story is somewhat more complicated since the overall impact of free trade on Canada appears to remain negative. Because the American and Canadian relationship is uneven to begin with, it has been no surprise that the United States has benefited disproportionately to the agreement.
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Canada's Multicultural Policy, 2002.
An overview of the positive impact of Canada's multicultural policy.
3,025 words (approx. 12.1 pages), 11 sources, AU$ 177.95
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Abstract
This paper will provide a positive analysis of Canada's multicultural policy. Some questions addressed are, why and how has Canada's multicultural policy? What are the effects of such a policy? The immigration policy will be examined to analyze the multicultural policy.
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Fiscal Policy in Canada, 2002.
A review of the changes needed in fiscal policy in Canada today.
1,556 words (approx. 6.2 pages), 4 sources, MLA, AU$ 82.95
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Abstract
This paper presents an ideal fiscal policy for Canada in today's economic climate. The paper begins with a background on Canada's current economic situation, including a look at some literature on the topic. The writer then explores the problem of public expenditure and tax policy in Canada to date. The paper continues with a review of possible changes in North American fiscal and money policy before offering some recommendations based on the study, which include lowering taxes and debt.
From the Paper
"The Bank of Canada may need to raise interest rates further to prevent rising inflation. Canada's money stock grew an explosive 24 percent over the past year. When money is abundant, households and businesses gain confidence and raise their spending. When, as at present, the economy is operating close to capacity, this extra spending is likely to push up inflation. apid money growth may not imply higher inflation if the economy's demand for money is growing at the same pace."
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Canada's Development Policy, 2007.
This paper provides a critical commentary of Canada's International Policy Statement on Development (2005).
2,345 words (approx. 9.4 pages), 7 sources, APA, AU$ 115.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer examines Canada's International Policy Statement on Development (CIPSD 2005) while making reference to a range of scholarly materials from the field of development. The writer also refers to specific commentaries upon the document from organizations with specific interests in the drafting and implementation of development policy. The paper argues that the document is notably lacking in specifics with regard to issues such as timetables for aid delivery to meet targeted goals; determination of who Canada's partners should be; how to specifically balance security and development concerns and how development funds should be distributed. In these key areas as well as others, this paper critiques the CIPSD (2005) and presents reasoned recommendations with regard to policy design and implementation.
Outline:
Introduction
A Lack of Precision
Who Should Canada's Partners Be?
Balancing Security and Development
The Distribution of Funds
Conclusion
From the Paper
"At present, the Canadian Partnership Programs assume only about 10% of CIDAs budget. Given the small size of this figure, there is clearly some room for this percentage to increase; especially if - as recommended above - the government makes a realistic commitment to actually meet Canada's long-term 0.07 ODA target. This being said, it may be recommended that the partnerships which will receive this funding be determined on the by representatives from the civil society (NGOs), the public sector (bureaucracy), and the private sector (business). This trilateral model would allow the strengths and weakness of the various groups to complement each other; combining the institutional memory of the bureaucracy, with the focus on the "bottom line" of business, and the commitment to progressive development of civil society. This balance would, it may be argued, help to ensure that no one ideological perspective assumed exclusive preeminence over Canadian development policy."
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Poverty and Policy in Canada, 2008.
A look at the argument that Canada's public policy towards poverty is failing.
2,405 words (approx. 9.6 pages), 1 source, MLA, AU$ 116.95
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Abstract
This paper asserts that Canada's public policy towards poverty is failing miserably. To underscore this point, time is devoted to looking at what it means to be poor in the Toronto of 2007 (and, by extension, what it means to poor in Canada), who is suffering most, what Canada is doing to large numbers of its children, and what factors - particularly politically and socially - are thwarting efforts to get poverty back on the public agenda. Finally, with the bleak picture painted for all to see, the paper concludes by looking at some options that might reduce a social pox that threatens to grow worse, not better, in the years ahead. It contends that in the end, an educated and engaged citizenry is needed, capable of turning the political process back over to the people and away from self-interested elites.
From the Paper
"Poverty in Canada is measured in many ways - which may explain why we have yet to come up with a really unified means of dealing with it. As it stands, Canada has three primary measures of poverty: the Low Income Cut-offs or LICOs, the Low-Income Measure, and the Market Basket Measure (Raphael, 37). Of the various Low-Income Cut-Offs the government has at its disposal, the pre-tax LICOs seem to be the most efficacious at assessing poverty rates - mostly, it seems, because the post-tax measures are widely perceived by poverty rights advocates as artificially lowering the poverty rate in this country so that government negligence is less apparent (Raphael, 41)."
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Canadian Fiscal Policy and the Demise of Canada, 2002.
A look at the impact of globalization and free trade on Canadian fiscal policy.
1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 4 sources, AU$ 70.95
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Abstract
This paper argues that Canadian fiscal policy has been taken over by the right-wing agenda. The paper contends that this is a negative development, since social programs are hurt. This development has occurred because of the consequences of globalization and free trade.
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Poverty and Policy in Canada, 2008.
This paper looks at how the writer's attitudes towards poverty have changed after reading the first four chapters of "Poverty and the Modern Welfare State" by Raphael, Dennis.
1,272 words (approx. 5.1 pages), 1 source, MLA, AU$ 69.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer explores some of his previous misconceptions held regarding poverty and policy in Canada and also details how this course has produced a reconsideration regarding his hitherto unshakable faith in globalization and in free markets. The writer delves into a personal opinion of what it means for Canada that so many groups and individuals are poverty-stricken and further asserts why it is that the GINI coefficient detailed in the textbook is the most effective measure for gauging poverty insofar as it crystallizes how so many Canadians are falling behind in an ostensible age of plenty. The writer concludes that the troubled groups discussed in chapter three are not poor because they choose to be but because our society has done a poor job of "spreading the wealth" - and an even worse job of acknowledging the reality of widespread poverty.
From the Paper
"When I first began this course, I was, by my own admission, a pretty naive person when it came to poverty in Canada. For one thing, I did not really consider poverty to be a serious or pervasive problem in this land; I also did not appreciate just how pervasive has become child poverty. Moreover, I must say that I never really considered the serious democratic threat that poverty represents; to put it another way, the most disenfranchised people in our society are invariably the poorest, and that is something most Canadians, myself certainly included fail to appreciate when we complain about low voter turnout at election time or when we complain about the relatively low participation rates of some groups. One other belief I held as I entered the course was the curious belief that there is no correlation between government "tolerating" poverty and high poverty rates; rather, I clung to the fiction that, as long as a society embraced equal opportunity for all, poverty rates would never climb relative to other societies that, on the surface, seemed less ideologically committed to the old view that people could achieve anything - as long as government stayed out of their lives and as long as they were prepared to work tirelessly towards a long-term goals."
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Social Repercussions of Free Trade in Canada, 2002.
Explores the negative aspects of the system of free trade that Canada shares with America and how it affects Canada's social structure.
3,400 words (approx. 13.6 pages), 7 sources, AU$ 198.95
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Abstract
Free trade with the United States has not been of net benefit to Canadians. This paper points to how harder aspects of the adjustment to free trade in Canada have been dismissed as mere 'growing pains' of adjustment. It is emphasized that the 1980s Debate did not really grapple with possible detrimental effects as these were pushed to the background in order to ratify a most questionable agreement.
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