| Papers [1-16] of 100 :: [Page 1 of 7] | | Go to page : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 —> | Search results on "BULGARIAN ORGANIZED CRIME": |
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Organized Crime, Hate Crime, and Ritualistic Crimes, 2006.
A paper examining police responsibility in investigating hate crimes, organized crime, and ritualistic crimes.
1,767 words (approx. 7.1 pages), 19 sources, APA, AU$ 91.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the concept of community policing. The author says that for certain types of crime, such as hate crimes, mob-related crimes and ritualistic crimes, police must look at the underlying causes of the crimes rather than just dealing with the perpetrators after the fact. The paper explains why these particular categories differ from other crimes, and why these categories require a different kind of approach from police.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Organized Crime
Hate Crime
Ritual Crimes
Law Enforcement Perspective
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Community policing is a term that is becoming increasingly common in police studies and practice. This is a natural result of the increase in the responsibility of the police in a complex and modern environment. This means that policing has to deal not only with the effects of crime but also with the underlying causes of criminal acts in order to be effective. This is especially the case with regard to forms of crime such as hate and ritual crimes which have sensitive and far-reaching social implications. In this regard the responsibility of the police is being shared with other institutions and the community in order to provide a more adequate and comprehensive solution to contemporary crime issues."
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Natural Crime vs. Legal Crime, 2007.
This paper compares and contrasts the concepts of "natural crime" and "legal crime", using each of the crime classifications on the FBI's crime index.
1,409 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 4 sources, MLA, AU$ 75.95
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Abstract
The paper examines the seven classifications of crime listed in the Uniform Crime Reporting Program. The paper determines which crimes might be considered "mala in se", crimes that are inherently dangerous or "mala prohibita", crimes not inherently wrong, but are considered criminal because their prohibition is necessary to regulate the general welfare. The paper asserts that the crimes in which human life is lost, in threat of being lost or violated in any way, should be considered "mala in se." The paper posits that crimes in which property or belongings are lost or taking away, should be considered "mala prohibita" because property is less valuable than human life.
From the Paper
"Murder and nonnegligent manslaughter, as defined in the Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) Program, is the willful (nonnegligent) killing of one human being by another. (www.fbi.gov) There are some homicides that are reduced to a lesser crime because there was no intent evident in the act. The intent to kill is where the defendant consciously desired to cause death or where the defendant intended to cause great bodily harm. There are other crimes of murder that are justified or excusable. An example of this is if an intruder entered a home with a gun, the occupants could murder the intruder and not be charged with a homicide. The occupants could argue that they were protecting their family from being murdered by the intruder."
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Natural crimes and legal crimes, 2006.
Looks at the distinction between natural crimes and legal crimes.
690 words (approx. 2.8 pages), 3 sources, APA, AU$ 38.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at the distinction between natural crimes, also known as mala per se crimes, and legal crimes, also known as mala prohibita crimes. It looks at the FBI crime index and assesses whether these crimes are mala per se or mala prohibita.
From the Paper
T"here are two major types of crimes natural crimes and legal crimes which are now referred to as mala per se crimes and mala prohibita crimes respectively. Crime A crime is defined by law as an act ..."
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Hate Crimes: Crimes Against Man or God?, 2006.
A discussion regarding hate crimes and the reasons that such acts are incited.
1,139 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 5 sources, MLA, AU$ 63.95
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Abstract
This paper takes a look at hate crimes. The paper defines hate crimes, provides statistics and provides modern day examples of hate crimes. The paper further explains that hate crimes are not only against the laws created by man, but also that of God.
From the Paper
" We now know the term "hate crimes" was introduced in 1985: clearly an act of commission, but how far back do we need to go to realize that these hateful acts have been apart of society since the beginning of mankind. In the bible, when we read about "The Parable of the Good Samaritan" (Luke 10:25-34); dating back to about A.D. 62, which has me to believe as a Christian, to be in a state of omission, and do nothing about a crime that has taken place is just as much a sin as the crime itself. It's printed in black and white for me in 1John 4:20, "If a man say, I love God, and hateth his brother, he is a liar: for he that loveth not his brother whom he hath seen but love God whom he hath not seen?" When we read Gospel passages like those in the bible from Luke and 1John, Jesus' message is direct and uncomplicated: love God, love neighbor....Go do it. Looking at the details in these passages can help us understand how Christianity and hatred get mixed up together. It provides us with clues about how to stay clear and focused on God's calling to love. "
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White Collar Crime and Organized Crime, 2006.
A look at the reality of organized crime.
1,980 words (approx. 7.9 pages), 3 sources, MLA, AU$ 100.95
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Abstract
This paper takes a look at how organized crime is heavily involved in activities that are traditionally considered white collar crimes. The paper also discusses how there are several misconceptions surrounding the concept of what types of criminals are considered white collar. The paper goes on to describe the symbiotic relationship between organized crime and the surrounding society.
From the Paper
"Perhaps the most worrisome group of organized criminals is composed of the various terrorist organizations that operate within the United States. While they have some of the same goals as other criminal organizations, terrorist groups are not motivated by profit, but by a desire to harm individuals. This makes them more dangerous than other groups of criminals. In addition, terrorist organizations often use traditional means of criminal activity to develop their incomes. Most notably, Al Qaeda's funding has been linked to illegal drugs and weapons distribution."
"Fraud takes a tremendous toll on society each year; millions of people are victimized and billions of dollars lost each year to schemers and hucksters. Furthermore, modern technology has made fraud increasingly possible and profitable. Any person with an e-mail inbox should have an understanding of how pervasive fraud is on the internet. In fact, internet and telephone fraud is a tremendous underground issue, which "victimizes hundreds of thousands of consumers annually and indirectly affects our entire society by causing a loss of confidence in the e-commerce economy of the 21st century." (Morgan and Johnson, 2005). In fact, telecommunications fraud may be the most lucrative white collar criminal enterprise."
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Street Crime and White Collar Crime, 2002.
A comparative analysis of the harmfulness of street crime and white collar crime.
650 words (approx. 2.6 pages), 3 sources, AU$ 42.95
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Abstract
This paper examines whether street crime is more harmful that white collar crime. The author discusses psychological and physical aspects of these crimes and analyzes short-term and long-term harm in evaluating which is more harmful.
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Cyber Crime, 2004.
An analysis of the relationships between Internet crimes, intellectual crimes, and cyber-crime.
824 words (approx. 3.3 pages), 3 sources, MLA, AU$ 47.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how Internet crimes, intellectual crimes, and cyber crimes are related to a large extent. It provides a definition of each of the terms and attempts to show how, in actuality, the use of the term 'cyber crimes' subsumes both the Internet crimes and the intellectual crimes. The intellectual crimes can occur without having the Internet, but with the application of the Internet, the intellectual crimes occur faster, often leaving no physical trace of such crimes.
From the Paper
"Cyber crime is an umbrella term that covers both the Internet crime and intellectual crime. In other words, cyber crimes are those crimes that can be done with or with the help of the Internet. For example, to gain unauthorized access to someone?s computers in order to deleting files, altering web pages, posting stolen credit card numbers, and making unauthorized purchases. In addition, the cyber-crime involves child Pornography or exploitation, computer fraud, Internet harassment, and Internet bomb threats. Cyber crimes also include money laundering and unlawful banking transactions, use of organized crime records or books, and bookmaking. For example, in one case, a suspect committed murder by changing a patient's medication information and dosage in a hospital computer."
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G. Nettler?s ?Explaining Crime?, 2002.
This paper is a review of G. Nettler?s ?Explaining Crime?, which defines crime and its causes rather than ways of stopping crime.
1,230 words (approx. 4.9 pages), 1 source, APA, AU$ 67.95
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Abstract
This paper explains Nettler?s analysis of crime and the response of society to crime, beginning with definitions of crime and continuing through an analysis of different types of crime leading to a consideration of socio-psychological explanations for crime. The author states that morals change over time, so the precise definitions, even of generally accepted crimes like theft and murder, will vary at different times, as reflected in the criminal code of a society. The paper points out that Nettler addresses the question of crime statistics, both how crimes are counted and reported and how society reacts to a rise and fall in numbers.
From the Paper
"The concept of rational crime is interesting as defined by Nettler--rational crime includes the wrongs we do one another in order to get what we want. Crime is thus defined as rational because it has a purpose, even though that purpose may be immoral. A rational act is something done consciously, and crime is something done from volition and so consciously. Rational crime can also be seen to have some reason for existence, and Nettler states that an "immediate implication of the conception of some crime as rational is a challenge to the popular psychiatric assumption . . . that crime is a 'symptom' of social and personal sickness". This is thus a counter to the medical image of crime and instead sees crime as a rational choice, a balancing of possible punishment against potential gain. Certain kinds of crime more readily fit into this view than others. Organized crime as it is usually envisioned would be a rational choice balancing these competing interests, while a crime of passion would not fit into this mold. A medical symptom would not explain high crime in poverty areas, but a sociological view of a symptom as a social lack that crime seems to fulfill would."
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Natural versus Legal Crimes, 2007.
This paper describes and contrasts natural crimes with legal crimes.
917 words (approx. 3.7 pages), 3 sources, APA, AU$ 52.95
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Abstract
This paper presents an examination of natural crimes compared to legal crimes. The writer explores the difference between natural and legal crimes, gives examples of both and discusses which crimes are wrong in themselves and which ones are only crimes because they are deemed illegal.
Outline:
Introduction
Natural Crimes
Legal Crimes
Conclusion
From the Paper
"In civilized society there are natural crimes and legal crimes. While they are all crimes when held against the state, local or federal statutes they are viewed differently in the eyes of those who are mandated to uphold and obey them. For the purpose of discussion natural crimes are crimes that are morally and ethically wrong and would be wrong regardless of what the law said about them, while legal crimes will be discussed as crimes in which the only obvious rationale for them being deemed illegal is that the government has deemed them as such. "
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The Dark Figure of Crime, 2004.
Discusses the dark figure of crime, the volume of crimes that get committed, but go unreported, in Britain and Europe.
2,315 words (approx. 9.3 pages), 7 sources, APA, AU$ 115.95
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Abstract
This paper talks about the distorted picture created of the crime conditions in Europe and, in particular, in Britain, as a result of the volume of crimes that are committed, but unreported. The paper explains some of the reasons that crimes go unreported and how these unreported crimes, commonly referred to as 'the dark figure of crime', affect the overall picture of crime in a country. An example is given of U.S. crime rates, where violent crime rates have always been perceived to be high, but, in actuality, are lower than violent crime rates in industrialized nations in Europe.
From the Paper
"The amount of crime in society gets known when it is reported to the police, through public response to victim surveys and studies of offenders who admit committing crime, and when transmitted to other agencies, such as hospital accident wards, battered women?s refuge centers and similar ones (Young 2001). Other than these, the amount of crime committed is unknown. That unknown volume (of crime) that does not get reported, thus not registered, in criminal statistics, constitutes the dark figure of crime."
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Crimes of War and against Humanity, 2005.
This paper examines the aspect of war crimes and looks at crimes against humanity.
3,375 words (approx. 13.5 pages), 10 sources, AU$ 215.95
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Abstract
This fifteen page undergraduate paper examines war crimes and crimes against humanity, which are universally condemned as the most extreme violations of fundamental human rights. The writer notes that tragically, history has proven that atrocities and genocide are rarely prevented, for the international community is usually incapable of taking action, unwilling to intervene, or unaware of the scope of the crimes. Further, the writer points out that just as tragically, the infamy of war crimes and crimes against humanity is compounded by the fact that the perpetrators usually escape justice. In order to analyze why this is the case and assess what this demonstrates about the nature of international governance, the writer explains that it is necessary to acknowledge the inherent conflict between international law and state sovereignty, for independent laws and policies often prevent effective prosecution.
From the Paper
"War crimes and crimes against humanity are universally condemned as the most extreme violations of fundamental human rights. Tragically, history has proven that atrocities and genocide are rarely prevented, for the international community is usually incapable of taking action, unwilling to intervene, or unaware of the scope of the crimes. Just as tragically, the infamy of war crimes and crimes against humanity is compounded by the fact that the perpetrators usually escape justice."
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Crime Theory, 2002.
This paper examines and analyzes how theory helps our understanding of crime and the crime problem.
2,150 words (approx. 8.6 pages), 10 sources, AU$ 129.95
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Abstract
This paper examines and analyzes how theory helps our understanding of crime and the crime problem. The focus of the discussion is on crime in Australia, and focuses specifically on the media's tendency to sensationalize crime stories and incite fear of crime in order to sell newspapers, pursue political agendas, or make journalistic reputations. .
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Racialization of Crime, 2005.
This paper reviews the document "The Racialization of Crime Race Crime and the Media: An Overview".
675 words (approx. 2.7 pages), 2 sources, AU$ 42.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, in the document "The Racialization of Crime Race Crime and the Media: An Overview", a number of important equity issues are raised. The author points out that these issues include the perpetuation of racist stereotypes in the mass media and the lack of visible minorities. the paper discusses Black people in positions of executive authority in the mass media and the othering of crime and its association with race and deviance in the Toronto media.
From the Paper
"In the document "The Racialization of Crime - Race, Crime and the Media: An Overview", a number of important equity issues are raised. These range from the general - such as the perpetuation of racist stereotypes in the mass media and the lack of visible minorities, and particularly Black people, in positions of executive authority in the mass media - to the particular - the "othering" of crime and its association with race and deviance in the Toronto media. This latter equity issue will be a particular focus of this analysis, as it illustrates the complexity of the discourse representing Canadian minorities as "foreign" and "deviant" and thereby justifying "deportation" as a means of supporting the "health" of the society."
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Crime Prevention, 2002.
An analysis of the causes of crime and their implication for crime prevention and treatment.
4,850 words (approx. 19.4 pages), 14 sources, MLA, AU$ 198.95
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Abstract
This paper focuses on the several causes of crime and how governments and other law enforcement institutions can effectively deal with the problem to make the environment safe and secure for the members of the society. It separately discusses several major causes and gives some suggestions to resolve the issue of prevalence of crime and insecurity in the society. The writer shares his opinion that the major causes of crime are unstable economic conditions prevailing in the country, lack of education or poor educational system, corruption in the policing system and other law and order institutions.
From the Paper
"I am very thankful to you for giving me opportunities to share my views with you at this occasion. I will like to discuss the issue of causes of crime, which has been a debatable issue among the social scientists and criminologists. I will focus on my personal opinions about the major factors that lead to an increase in crimes in a society. In addition to this, I will also discuss as to what other researchers and experts have found."
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Crime Prevention, 2006.
A discussion regarding criminal activity and the possible prevention of crime by means of crime prevention through environmental design (CPTED).
1,423 words (approx. 5.7 pages), 12 sources, APA, AU$ 76.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews and discusses various statistics relating to criminal activity. The paper then goes on to discuss studies which show that property crime can also be prevented by manipulating the design of the separate properties and their relationship to each other and the surrounding neighborhood. This process is called crime prevention through environmental design (CPTED). According to the paper, the overall impact of CPTED by itself continues to be controversial. Specialists are more prone to accepting the fact that it is one of many measures that, taken together, can prevent or reduce crime.
From the Paper
"NIJ does say that these cases "suggest" that place-based crime prevention approaches that are designed to meet the needs of certain neighborhoods do indeed reduce crime, although they are not "prove" this is the result. "In practice, it would be as difficult as untangling a spider web to evaluate the effectiveness of specific place-based crime prevention measures applied to these residential areas" (Cozens, 2005, p. 328). Also, although crime data back the thesis that place-based applications work, "the physical, management and community organizational interventions in these cases are woven together in complex ways that defy individual analysis" (Cozens, 2005, p. 328)."
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Computer Crime, 2002.
A discussion of the actions that can contribute to the offense known as computer crime and what can be done.
1,379 words (approx. 5.5 pages), 5 sources, MLA, AU$ 75.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the issues related to computer crime. Computer crime is defined as mean crimes that can?t exist without computers such as forgery and pornography. It looks at how it is a serious problem for business and industry, how commercial entities have to be continually vigilant the most current ways they can protect themselves from computer crime.
Outline
What is computer crime?
Real computer crimes. Can?t exist without a computer.
Altering websites
Disabling or impairing function of website
Unauthorized use
Viruses, Trojan horses, worms, etc.
Harassment/stalking
Forged email or bulletin board posts
Malicious attacks on a person?s character (libel)
Pseudo-computer crimes. Can be done with or without a computer.
Examples:
Child pornography
Forgery
How widespread is it?
Statistics
Examples of crimes:
Who commits these crimes?
?A disgruntled employee
?computer voyeurs?
Laws regarding computer crime
Federal
State
There is wide variation in state statutes on computer crime in the USA
Traditional criminal law in the USA places a great deal of emphasis on willful or intentional conduct
Inadequate enforcement
FBI?s role
International
Conclusion: need for continued vigilance
From the Paper
"Computer crime is a serious problem for United States businesses. The computer Security Institute does yearly surveys and has found that 90% of those who responded to their survey experienced security breaches within the last year, resulting in loss of in come in four out of five cases. A little over 50% of the respondents revealed how much money they had lost, and it came to nearly $455 million. Most of the businesses found their internet connection the most frequent attack site, but 33% reported attacks on their internal computer systems 91)."
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