| Papers [1-16] of 100 :: [Page 1 of 7] | | Go to page : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 —> | Search results on "AUTOMATING LAND SURVEY DATA": |
|
|
Automating Land Survey Data, 2006.
A look at the methods and reliability of cataloging land survey data electronically.
2,094 words (approx. 8.4 pages), 9 sources, APA, AU$ 105.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper attempts to define a series of system integration and process re-definition strategies to enable field notes obtained during land surveying to be electronically cataloged and automated for more efficient use. The paper addresses the reliability of the data itself, which is captured and noted in field notebooks. The paper focuses primarily on how to automate what is today a highly manual repository of data existing in the 200 field notebooks that comprise the accumulated data to this point.
Outline:
Executive Summary
Starting with Change Management Is Critical
From Data Repository to Enterprise Content Management System
Advantages of Creating a Land Surveying Content Management System
Disadvantages of Creating a Land Surveying Content Management System
Proposed Costs
Considerations of Change Management
From the Paper
"The disadvantages of implementing an automated system to better manage the land use notebooks center mainly on both the time needed during work hours to train users in new procedures for using the system, in addition to the costs of integration with other systems to keep the current one relevant over time."
"In the majority of instances there are many more costs associated with implementing a content management system than initially appear during the forecasting stage (Columbus and Murphy 2), and the level of integration with other systems continues to drive up the costs of these types of implementations. With all these shortcoming said however, the savings in efficiency and accuracy of queries does have a significant effect on the Return on Investment (ROI) of this type of program."
| |
|
"Globalization: Wonder land or Waste Land?", 2008.
An analysis of Murray Weidenbaum's arguments regarding globalization in his T.S. Eliot Lecture, delivered at the University of London in January of 2002, entitled "Globalization: Wonder land or Waste Land?"
815 words (approx. 3.3 pages), 4 sources, MLA, AU$ 47.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper critiques Murray Weidenbaum's T.S. Eliot Lecture, delivered at the University of London in January of 2002, entitled "Globalization: Wonder land or Waste Land?" The paper discusses Weidenbaum's arguments in favor of globalization and the benefits that can be achieved for the world as a whole, by utilizing it to its full potential.
From the Paper
"Given Weidenbaum's professional background and admitted bias, it is admirable that he manages to do precisely this - look at both the bright side and the dark side. His approach and suggestions are so realistic and pragmatic, and so unbiased, that it is hard to imagine that any but the most rabid fanatic on either side of the debate would not admit that he makes a valuable contribution with this speech. The strength of the speech derives from two aspects - the fact that he does manage to look at both sides, and that his suggestions have the refreshing ring of being attainable in the real world."
| |
|
Land of Dreams, Land of Troubles, 2004.
Traces the history of Japanese immigration to America, focusing on those who settled in California.
2,308 words (approx. 9.2 pages), 7 sources, APA, AU$ 114.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper explores the end of the Meiji period in Japan and the beginning of the country's modern period (1867-1912), which ultimately led to Japanese seeking their fortunes in the West, especially the United States. It traces the history of these immigrants, their impact on the economy, and the pitfalls they encountered in the form of racism and discriminatory laws. This anti-Japanese feeling reached its peak in 1941 with the Japanese invasion on Pearl Harbour and the internment of all Japanese-Americans on the West Coast of the United States. The paper also looks at how the American government has since awarded reparations to those interned and how descendants of Japanese immigrants fare today in American society.
From the Paper
"While many Japanese back in Japan initially waxed enthusiastic about the United States and its culture, the feeling in America was hardly mutual. As was typical of majority White America?s relations with Non-Whites, Japanese immigrants were scorned, and their culture denigrated. First, the United States had passed the Chinese Exclusion Act in 1882. This was followed by restrictive measures against the Japanese. As Californians and other West Coast White Americans clamored to stop the flow of Japanese to their region, the American Government relied on a rather ingenious and disingenuous clause in its commercial treaty with Japan to staunch the flow of Japanese Labor by refusing to issue permits for their travel to the Mainland. The Japanese, along with the Chinese, were called the ?Yellow Peril,? their competition for American jobs and resources keeping these jobs and resources from ?real? Americans."
| |
|
Forest Management on NIPF Lands, 2006.
This paper examines the implications for the future of forest management on non-industrial private forest (NIPF) lands as well as the dwindling timber supply on these parcels of land.
1,805 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 15 sources, MLA, AU$ 94.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper analyzes the spatial and temporal pattern of Alabama's forested landscape as well as the implications for the future of forest management on NIPF lands. This paper defines forested land as a parcel of land that is producing or capable of producing more than 20 cubic feet/acre/year of industrial wood and is land not withdrawn from timber production. Much of this land is held by private landowners not involved directly in the timber industry. Extensive studies have been conducted in the southern states concerning the motivation behind usage of NIPF land, its impact on the regional economy and environmental factors. The counties chosen for this particular study are those which had the highest reported income from forest products. The six counties chosen were Clarke, Marengo, Pickens, Monroe, Hale and Wilcox. These counties are located in highly forested areas and have a high amount of NIPF land. According to several surveys, the areas of greatest softwood shortage are those located near large paper and pulp mills. This paper discusses the impending shortage in economic timber that the U.S. will be facing by the year 2020. The writer of this paper examines the various strategies available to halt the dwindling timber supply which include changing the manner in which NIPF lands are managed as well as stricter government regulations which would deter the conversion of native grasslands and wetlands into croplands.
From the Paper
"To determine if timber production is likely to be able to meet future needs, the ratio of growth to removal is measured. Timber inventories give an indication of how much timber is currently available. Using this model, it was found that only one state had a positive ratio, North Carolina at 1.15. Alabama's ratio was 0.91. Softwood removal rates consistently exceed growth rates. Hardwood removal ratios faired slightly better at above 1.3. Timber inventories increased from the 1960s through the 1970s, but leveled off in the 1990s. According to SERTS, softwood supplies are expected to decrease 30% by the year 2020. According to an FIA survey, the areas of greatest softwood shortage are located near large paper and pulp mills (Cubbage and Abt, 1998a). According to the SERTS model the southern US will be facing an economic timber shortage by the year 2020."
| |
|
Land Use Planning, 2002.
This paper outlines the different methods of land use planning and land use management, especially the multi-criteria analysis model and how it affects the future of land management.
4,890 words (approx. 19.6 pages), 10 sources, MLA, AU$ 199.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper explains that the current and future land requirement of the population at large has increased manifold due to an increase in the population size as well as the nature of the utility of the land. The paper points out that one of the most recent methods for land planning is multi-criteria analysis, which allows the decision maker to choose from among useful and probable alternatives thus making faster decisions. The author believes that the basic model of multi-criteria decision is to increase efficiency of landforms and manage it for the future with the view to better the community living standards.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Multi-criteria Analysis Method
Literature Review
Local Level Initiatives
Technological Tools
Sustainable Development
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The problem of land use planning stems from a multitude of issues and contingencies. Besides the population and environmental demands, social entities like business organizations and officials have to consider how land can be accessed. Transportation and labor are two aspects. Land on its own has little utility unless it is worked on through labor and technology. However the development of land is not so easily achieved unless the authority plans before hand how the problem of land use is going to be resolved. Transportation network for instance has to be constructed before the land is even distributed for usage. Labor and machineries has to be transported to the desired location of production and the facilities have to be set up to create a congenial working environment for the worker. The authority also has to consider whether the land is commercial or residential, for production or agricultural purpose or for conservation purposes. The categorization of land forms offers different alternatives for the decision maker and hence generates different decision framework alternatives. Planning cannot be done unless these criteria are set before hand."
| |
|
The Survey, 2007.
This paper describes the process of using surveys as a research technique and evaluates the advantages and disadvantages of their use.
4,210 words (approx. 16.8 pages), 6 sources, APA, AU$ 180.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper relates that the downside of using surveys as a research technique is that the process depends on universal principles, which allow the questionnaires to be generalized, that can make the use of the survey relatively inflexible and that there is always uncertainty about the potential level of response. The author points out that one of the advantages of conducting research surveys is that they are not as costly as other research methods and can be executed through a number of media such as mail, e-mail or personalized visits. The paper explains that the survey or questionnaire is selected by the researcher, as diverse as psychologists and anthropologists, to fulfill both his or her theoretical and practical goals.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Different Categories of Surveys
Surveys in Written Format
Surveys Conducted through Email
Surveys Administered within Groups
Drop-off Surveys
Surveys Conducted Orally
Reliability and Validity of Surveys
Reliability
Equivalency Reliability
Stability Reliability
Internal Consistency
Inter-rater Reliability
Difficulties of Achieving Reliability
Validity
Content Validity
Construct Validity
Criterion Related Validity
Face Validity
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Content validity occurs when the initial aim of the research study is represented in the measurement of the overall results. All relative features and aspects have to be taken under consideration for the efficient attainment of aim as well as for its accurate measurement
A good example of this could be research done on the English language leaning of students. If the researcher only takes in the reading capability and factors that hinder reading capability then the content validity of that research would be inadequate because English language learning is not just about the reading skills but encompasses writing and vocabulary learning capabilities as well."
| |
|
GPS Surveying, 2008.
An analysis of the use of geodetic positioning system (GPS) surveying technology in relation to the Meadowlands Xanadu Project.
6,498 words (approx. 26.0 pages), 8 sources, APA, AU$ 239.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper analyzes the use of GPS surveying in relation to a proposed land project over a garbage dump. The paper also outlines the necessary factors of GPS surveying to be used in the assessment, and discusses the advantages and end result. The paper explains that before the arrival of GPS technology, three- to five-person survey crews were used in comparison to a one- or two-person crew into the field in order to achieve the same results. The paper also looks at how GPS technology also provides complete, three-dimensional survey information, enabling and empowering the design and construction management team to excel at their phase of the project. The writer believes that future studies and advancements in GPS technology will pave the way for a brighter future in land use planning.
Outline:
Introduction to GPS Technology
Land Development in Relation to GPS Technology
Meadowlands Xanadu Project History
The Application of GPS Technology to the Meadowlands Xanadu Project
Benefits of Using GPS Technology in relation to the Meadowlands Project
Proposed Use of GPS Technology for the Meadowlands Project
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Control surveys are primarily used to establish the locations of arbitrary points. These points, called control points, may then be used as reference locations for performing additional survey work (U.S. Department of Commerce, 2007). The main reason for performing a control survey is to place control points in locations which are physically convenient for the intended survey work. Control surveys are generally performed to a higher standard of accuracy than other types of surveys (U.S. Department of Commerce, 2007). Control surveys usually consist of several different measurements to the unknown point from several known points, so that the measurements are taken from different angles."
| |
|
The British Crime Survey (BCS), 2008.
Looks at the British Crime Survey (BCS), the first national crime victimization survey in Britain.
2,015 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 3 sources, APA, AU$ 102.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper begins with a discussion on the rationale of crime surveys and then takes a look at the design of the British Crime Survey (BCS), a large sample survey whose main purpose is to provide an index of crime. The paper then presents some of the BCS' main findings about the extent of crime, statistics and data. Lastly, the paper presents a conceptual framework for analyzing the distribution of crime, illustrating this with findings on the risks of burglary.
Table of Contents:
The Rationale For Crime Surveys
National Crime Victimization Surveys
Crime Trends in Britain
Summary
From the Paper
"The first national crime victimization survey in Britain, the British Crime Survey (BCS) was carried out in 1982 with further surveys in 1984, 1988, 1992 and 1998. In the 2000 British Crime Survey, close to 23,000 people aged 16 and over were interviewed. From 2001, the BCS moved to an annual cycle with 40,000 respondents to be interviewed per year. The BCS measures the amount of crime in England and Wales by asking people about crimes they have experienced in the past year. It asks about people's attitudes to crime, such as how much they fear crimes and what measures they take to avoid it."
| |
|
Community Surveys, 2006.
An essay describing a survey that could be used to discover how different people define a community.
795 words (approx. 3.2 pages), 3 sources, MLA, AU$ 45.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper explains that there are many different elements that combine to form a community and that the term 'community' can mean different things to different people. The paper further explains that the best way to discover the the ideas of community that dominate the minds of most people would be through a survey. The necessary questions in such a survey are then listed in the paper and the suggestion made that, in order to synthesize the information obtained from the survey, some qualitative and quantative analyses would need to be done. Finally, the paper points out that surveys, such as the one described in the paper, are useful information gathering-tools for the field of sociology and important elements of the sociological method.
From the Paper
"The word 'community' is somewhat ambiguous. It is not immediately clear whether it refers to geographical proximity, common interests and activities, or some other grouping method. As with many such ambiguous words, it is likely that different people have completely different ideas about what it means to be a member of a community. An interesting question to pursue, therefore, would be this: What factors do people have in mind when they consider themselves to be part of a community? It is not uncommon for people to mentally place themselves in more than one community. Perhaps someone is a member of her church community, the community of her apartment building, and her work community. These are three very different things. In the case of the church, the community seems bonded together by faith, which might more generally be described as a common interest. In the case of the apartment building, geographical location, or proximity of living, seems to be the main cohesive factor. Work shares elements of both of the other two. On the one hand, the workplace represents a common activity that all of the members of the community participate in on a regular basis. On the other hand, it is likely that the workplace is one office or building where many people convene in the same space at the same time."
| |
|
Land Degradation in the Arab Region, 2005.
A discussion regarding the problem of land degradation in the Arab Region.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 6 sources, AU$ 56.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper discusses the issue of land degradation in the Arab region over the past 70 years. This paper reviews the various reasons and causes of this land degradation, focusing on the increase in population who require water for human consumption and agriculture, land for agriculture and land for their livestock.
From the Paper
"Land degradation in the Arab region is primarily the result of a surge in the population growth in the past several decades. As the population had increased within the Arab region the need for water for human consumption, grazing land, and agriculture has risen. In an area that was already dry and naturally scarce in water supplies this added requirement for water has led to severe issues concerning the natural water sources and their ability to sustain the Arab civilization over time. Furthermore, cultivation of marginal land, as well as deforestation has created a situation in which natural trees and foliage have been depleted from the land surface, adding to the landmasses that are dry. As these dry land masses, or deserts are increased in the Arab lands the water is absorbed into the ground and the loss of foliage eventually leads to a loss of water."
| |
|
European vs Aboriginal Attitudes to Land, 2006.
A study of the Aboriginal rights to look after the land of Australia.
2,103 words (approx. 8.4 pages), 5 sources, MLA, AU$ 106.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
In this paper the author questions the right of the "white" Europeans to take over and destroy the good soil of Australia.He questions the actions of the white Australians and highlights the history and rights of the Aborigines to his land, quoting many sources. The paper concludes that the Aborigines know the land better and he justifies their right to look after the land and not let it be destroyed.
From the Paper
" The problem with those of us who consider ourselves "civilized" and "up to date" is that we specialize, first in genocide, then in the rape of nature, and then create new specialties to repair the damage. Before the Europeans came, the Aborigines had no worries about the Ozone layer, or mastering a driver's test. Cricket, to them, was the sound of Nature at work, not some distant test match."
| |
|
North and South: Views of the Land and its Use, 2002.
The following paper discusses the ways in which American settlers viewed the land in the North and South and looks at their expectations about its proper use.
1,765 words (approx. 7.1 pages), 0 sources, AU$ 90.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
The following paper refutes the statement that slavery would have developed in the North if adventurers had landed in Plymouth instead of Jamestown by citing the varying ways in which people used the land as causes for either a wage-labor system or a slave-labor system. This paper will also explore the ways in which settlers viewed the landscape of the North and South as well as how the differing properties of each region;s land determined how it would be used by the settlers. Finally the writer discusses the ways in which the settler;s participation in a market economy led to uses of the land that differed from North to South depending on what sorts of crops grew on each type of land.
From the Paper
"By seeing the land as something to bring mankind benefit and profit to individuals, the settlers used to its fullest capacity and ended up causing serious soil depletion. Each farmer sought to make the greatest profit so that he and his family might have the luxuries that they desired. They weren"t so concerned with the preservation of the forests and wildlife as Henry David Thoreau was. Their view that nature was a hostile force to be conquered, subdued and profited from contrasted with his when he wrote, ;Before we can adorn our houses with beautiful objects the walls must be stripped, and our lives must be stripped, and beautiful housekeeping and beautiful living be laid for a foundation: now, a taste for the beautiful is most cultivated out of doors, where there is no house and no housekeeper; (Thoreau, 31)."
| |
|
Survey Methods for Educational Research, 2006.
A research paper evaluating survey methods for educational research.
5,528 words (approx. 22.1 pages), 46 sources, APA, AU$ 215.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This research paper discusses the strengths and weaknesses of questionnaires as research tools. The paper explores how, once a research paradigm and research questions are defined, researchers must determine the design nature (exploratory or conclusive). The paper discusses and evaluates different survey methods and compares the advantages and disadvantages of the survey methods over other descriptive research designs. Additionally, the paper discusses considerations involved in conducting surveys as well as the ethical issues arising from the various kinds of survey research identified. Finally, the author makes a proposal for a future study to design and evaluate a pilot questionnaire on effective uses of questionnaires as educational research tools.
Table of Contents
Abstract
Introduction
Questionnaire Design
Validity and Reliability
Sampling Design and Procedure
Analytic Procedure
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Social science researchers have long debated the best, most efficacious ways of viewing the world. Two major paradigms, the C positivist and interpretivist, have today become the main focus of this debate. The C positivist paradigm is more compatible with quantitative research methodology. Quantitative research endeavors to define, explain, predict or control phenomena, using descriptive and inferential statistics. That method reflects belief that reality is mechanistic and deterministic, and that a whole may be divided into parts. Quantitative research implies faith in scientific progress, and the static nature of reality. Thorndike state that if anything exists, it can be measured. Objectivity and detachment are upheld in quantitative data collection, in order to explain changes in aspects of reality, or reveal any cause-and- effect relationships that may occur among parts of a whole. Interpretivist paradigms relate mostly to qualitative methodology. Subscribers believe human beings, individually and collectively, develop reality. Such paradigms interpret the specific instead of generalizing from the specific."
| |
|
Tribal Lands, 2004.
A look at the fight that Native-Americans have to put up regarding ownership of natural resources on their lands.
987 words (approx. 3.9 pages), 4 sources, MLA, AU$ 57.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper is based on the importance of conserving the tribal lands and how much pressure is on some tribal lands to give up their natural resources. This paper then covers the reasons why it is important to conserve the tribal lands and what culture and heritage the lands carry forward.
From the Paper
"The legacy of Native Americans is one of the most important heritages of American history and culture. Native Americans have traditionally had a land-based culture. Their land is their prime resource and fulfills a further objective of promoting their heritage and culture. Therefore, the importance of conserving the sites of traditional value for these tribes is of utmost importance. By protecting these sites, one can conserve the cultural, spiritual as well as the economical status of the Native Americans."
| |
|
African-American Land Acquisition, 2002.
A discussion of how African-mericans acquired land after the Emancipation Proclamation in 1863 and up to the 1930's.
1,650 words (approx. 6.6 pages), 3 sources, MLA, AU$ 86.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper looks at the process of land aquisition of African Americans after their freedom from slavery from the Emancipation Proclamation in 1863 and after the Civil War. It examines how they formed their own small towns and communities away from the hostile whites and proceeded to educate themselves in order to negotiate with whites over land. It shows how many blacks had to return to their masters in order to earn a wage, how some got government grants to buy land for schools and churches and how in 1865, the Freedmens' Bureau was opened to help blacks acquire the land that they had been promised by the government when they were freed.
From the Paper
"Many blacks moved away from their former white masters, but some blacks, who had gotten on fairly well with their masters before they were freed, went back to work for those same masters, only this time it was for wages. This is how many blacks were able to buy land and have somewhere for they and their family to live. Sometimes these white masters?now bosses?would give the black man some of their land and let them build something on it. This was another way that black men acquired land after the Emancipation Proclamation and their freedom."
| |
|
Land Art, 2003.
Describes the form of art, known as land art, through the works of artists Robert Smithson, Michael Hiezer, and Richard Long.
1,105 words (approx. 4.4 pages), 4 sources, APA, AU$ 62.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper describes land art and its attachment to minimalism. It analyzes it through three prominent land artists: Robert Smithson, Michael Hiezer, and Richard Long. It also discusses each artist's relationship with the land and the differences in how they approach their art.
From the Paper
"Minimal art soon ceased to be simply a presentation of simple unitary forms, standing alone or arranged in series. It began to look for an existence outside the art gallery. However minimal works do not exist comfortably in the urban spaces generally assigned to the public sculpture. The result of this was the birth of what came to be known as Land Art. Robert Smithson is one of the best known attributers to this
period. His work is huge in size and workload. His works cannot be viewed by the public and so he has a reliance on the records of his work. This is similar to Michael Heizer whose work also depends on this record. Richard Long, differently to Smithson and Hiezer, brings the environment into the gallery for all to see and creates spiritual works. All three of these artists bring their own individual qualities into the movement of Land art."
|
|
|
