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"The Devil in Silicon Valley"--A Review, 2007.
A review of Stephen J. Pitti's "The Devil in Silicon Valley: Northern California, Race, and Mexican Americans ."
827 words (approx. 3.3 pages), 1 source, MLA, AU$ 37.95
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Abstract
This book review shows how Stephen J. Pitti's work attempts to address a historical gap in the academic and popular literature of the history of California. His work, "The Devil in Silicon Valley: Northern California, Race, and Mexican Americans," focuses on the economic contributions of Native-Americans, Mexicans and non-white labor in the economic prosperity of California. Although the reviewer states that Pitti's work is grounded in substantial historical documentation, one weakness of the book is perhaps the simplicity of its thesis--that racism justified the subjugation and use of Hispanic and Indian labor.
From the Paper
"These non-Anglos enjoyed little financial rewards for the gains they won for the state's Caucasian settlers. The discrepancy of the fortune of whites and non-whites traces back to the earliest missionaries. Then, "the friars undoubtedly resorted to more [and more] brutal tactics to ensure that non-Christians entered their Christian community" of the day (15). Indos, the native people, were viewed as inferior even after they were converts. As white settlements grew more populous in the 1840s, scientific and anthropological justifications of white supremacy took hold. The mixed race Californios were "indolent" and forced the Indian "savages" to work rather than work themselves, and thus were not worthy of the land on which they lived (26)."
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Latin American Magical Realism, 2007.
This paper provides a contrasting study of the role of women in Latin American magical realism in 'The House of the Spirits' by Isabel Allende and 'One Hundred Years of Solitude' by Gabriel Garcia Marquez.
1,255 words (approx. 5.0 pages), 2 sources, MLA, AU$ 54.95
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Abstract
In this essay, the writer discusses that in both 'The House of the Spirits' by Isabel Allende and 'One Hundred Years of Solitude' by Gabriel Garcia Marquez, females figure prominently in the authors' narratives of magical realism. The writer notes that in both novels, the struggles of the main female protagonist exist on a literal level of story and have a symbolic level of significance beyond the story, about the nature of politics or the nature of women, respectively. The writer concludes that Allende ultimately seeks to question the reasons for man's inhumanity to men, and women, in a political reality, and uses magical realism to heighten the consequences of her character's actions and cruelties, while Marquez relates his tale of a fictional village and family exclusively in the register of the fantastic and the surreal.
From the Paper
"True, some of the actions of Allende's characters may be heightened by supernatural narrative motifs such as the matriarch Clara's ability to see into the future, but these plot points have ramifications beyond those of the psychological, symbolic, or merely mystical. For example, in a parallel of the terror that will come to Chile, Esteban hits his wife, and Clara takes a vow of silence, and never speaks to him until he dies. This act of defiance, although taken to an extreme in the novel, can also be read as a heightened example of a difficult relationship between husband and wife, and how the oppression within a patriarchal family structure mirrors the politics of the land."
"In contrast, Marquez's female archetypes lack the complex psychology of Allende's females, existing in the material dimension alone rather than on simultaneous spiritual and material planes."
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Eisenhower and Cuba, 2007.
This paper discusses the relationship between the Eisenhower administration and Cuba.
5,612 words (approx. 22.4 pages), 9 sources, MLA, AU$ 174.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer researches the political developments in Cuba during the Eisenhower administration. The writer looks at how the Eisenhower administration viewed and reacted to political developments in Cuba during the presidency of Dwight Eisenhower. The writer notes that the relationship between the United States and Cuba changed under the leadership of Dwight Eisenhower for many reasons, which include the fact that during the Eisenhower administration the United States had begun with a plot to overthrow Fidel Castro's leadership in Cuba. Further, the writer points out that there are certainly other factors that were key to many of the policies and decisions made by the administration during the presidency of Dwight Eisenhower and that all of those cannot be within the scope of the present work. However, the writer notes that it is clear that economic drivers were largely calculated into U.S. policy during the time of Eisenhower's presidency. These were characterized by nuclear arms creation and buildup and communist threats arising throughout the globe. Furthermore, the writer concludes that the proximity of Cuba and the association with communist forces played a great role in the decision-making process in Washington.
Outline:
Objective
Introduction
American Interests in Cuba Defined
The Background of Dwight D. Eisenhower
The Background of Fidel Castro
Economic Reasons Castro Gained Support in the Revolt
American Policy Toward Cuba - Assistance to Batista
Fidel Castro's Revolt Ousts Batista
Bilateral Attack Launched on Castro by the U.S.
Bay of Pigs Invasion
Analysis and Discussion
Summary and Conclusion
From the Paper
"Eisenhower's form of leadership was one that delegated responsibility, appearing as though he was not making key decisions and working only behind the scenes. The Domestic Policy of Eisenhower one a middle of the road policy balancing the freedom of the individual with the needs demanded in consideration of the whole nation as well. Eisenhower did not believe in intervention on a federal level of economic or social aspects and stressed the balancing of the budget. During the Eisenhower administration the welfare state experienced growth and social security was provisioned to 10 million more than previously and minimum wage was raised as well. The Department of Health, Education and Welfare was created and the polio vaccine was distributed. During the Eisenhower administration the highway system came into being along with the Interstate Highway and Defense System Act of 1956 with 42,000 miles of interstate funded through fuel and vehicle taxes. Job growth was stimulated as the trucking and automobile industries fought for laws and up sprang the fast food and motel industries which accelerated the growth of suburbs and a homogeneous national culture simultaneously. It was the fear of Eisenhower that defense spending of massive proportions would result in an unstable economy and development of a military industrial complex."
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Christian Conversion in Mexico and Brazil, 2007.
A description of the Spanish and Portuguese attempts to convert native peoples to Christianity during their conquests of Brazil and Mexico.
2,274 words (approx. 9.1 pages), 5 sources, MLA, AU$ 90.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the impact of Spanish and Portuguese colonization on Mesoamerican culture, with an emphasis on conversion of indigenous peoples to Christianity. The author describes the native religion and lifestyle prior to the Europeans' arrival, and the subsequent results of conversion to Christianity, both positive and negative. Also described is the treatment toward the native peoples by the Europeans. The paper is divided into two sections, one describing the Spanish invasion and the other the Portuguese conquest of Brazil. The author concludes that the effort by Portuguese Christians to convert native Brazilians - by force or otherwise - to Christianity was far less successful than tactics used by Spaniards in Mexico.
Outline:
Introduction
Literature Review
The arrival of the Spaniards into Mesoamerican Mexico
Things did not go well for the Spaniards in 1680s and 1690s
Jesuit priest Father Tomas Miranda raged at the cruel treatment of the Seri
Portugal and the Colonization of Brazil
Works Cited
From the Paper
"And because the Roman Catholic leadership in Spain saw the natives as part of a prophecy, a gift from Lord to enrich their Spanish culture, the Franciscan missionaries, the first priests in Mexico, used "indoctrination" as a term rather than "evangelization." The Spaniards reportedly believed that since God had placed these Native Americans on Mexican soil for the enhancement of Spanish culture and religion, that the natives merely needed the facts of Christianity (Roman Catholicism), not the full litany of evangelization. The Spaniards were wrong, of course, and they found themselves in the midst of a myriad of troubling situations they could not possibly have predicted."
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Mesoamerica, 2006.
A look at Mesoamerica, which includes the central area of Mexico, Central America, down to Guatemala and Honduras.
2,730 words (approx. 10.9 pages), 6 sources, MLA, AU$ 104.95
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Abstract
This paper takes a look at the history of Mesoamerica. According to the paper, archaeological evidence showing signs of human habitation north of the Valley of Mexico indicates that the history of Mexico can be extended back at least 20,000 years. The paper looks at the development of the different civilizations that inhabited this region and era and discusses their art.
From the Paper
"Much of the art of the region shows similar concerns and similar designs. The ancient mythic cultures of the Olmec, the Mayan, and the Aztecs, along with frescoes from different periods in Mexican history, show images of plumed coyotes, men with the shells of turtles, dogs wearing human masks, jaguars in scarves, arum flowers with pistils that are tiny men, geometrically shaped gods with large noses, and so on. Many of these have become iconic image and have been emulated by others in later periods."
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Alien Rights, 2007.
A discussion whether illegal immigrants should have the same rights as legal American citizens.
2,790 words (approx. 11.2 pages), 8 sources, MLA, AU$ 106.95
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Abstract
The author explores the arguments surrounding the issue of illegal immigration and discusses its positive and negative effects on the United States. The paper looks at the costs in terms of employment, national security, health and social spending and diseases brought into the country. The paper also examines the benefits to the economy that supporters of illegal immigration attribute to these aliens. The author concludes with the opinion that the United States should not tolerate illegal immigrants crossing the borders to take advantage of employment, health care and educational opportunities.
From the Paper
"There are an estimated 12 million illegal aliens living and working in the United States. None of them have any real fear of ever being detained or deported, because it is doubtful anyone is even looking for them (Seper 2004). Explains one veteran Border Patrol supervisor in Arizona, "If they can get by us - and a lot of them do - they know they can go underground, find a job and disappear, particularly in the several cities and towns across the country that have large Hispanic populations" (Seper 2004). In fact, an estimated 1 million illegal aliens flood into the U.S., and few draw attention once they pass through the border region (Seper 2004)."
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The Economy of Colombia, 2007.
This paper studies the economy of Colombia and discusses the effects of the economy on everyday life.
1,408 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 16 sources, MLA, AU$ 59.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer looks at the north westernmost country in South America, Colombia. The writer notes that Colombia is the second most populated South American country next to Brazil and the majority of the population lives in the mountainous cities around the capital of Bogota. The writer points out that with this intense congregation of people in one area, the economy of Colombia is poor and unstable. This paper attempts to explain why the economy has fluctuated during the last thirty years and gives examples of life in Colombia as a result of an ever-changing economy.
From the Paper
"In 1999, Colombia suffered a recession as a result of low world oil prices, reduced export demand, and increased guerilla violence throughout the country. This caused an increase in unemployment, increased drug usage and sales, and devaluation of the Colombian peso. In 1999 at the time of the recession approximately 17.7% of the Colombia people were living at or below the national poverty line."
"As a result of the 1999 Colombian recession, unemployment quickly rose. There were more people in Colombia than jobs. Many companies closed because they could not afford to pay their employees. In the year 2000, the unemployment rate in Colombia reached 20%. This rate did not stay at 20% for long because of the instability in the Colombian economy, by 2006 the unemployment rate had improved and was at 13% which also decreased poverty and gained confidence among the people in foreign and domestic affairs."
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Mayan Culture, 2007.
A discussion of Mayan culture, including their art and religion.
2,807 words (approx. 11.2 pages), 7 sources, APA, AU$ 106.95
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Abstract
This paper gives an overview of the ancient Mayan culture, with an emphasis on their art, religion and their daily lives. The author first examines the significance of the Mayan pyramids which still stand today. The pyramids are felt to give insights into the Mayan's religion and government. The paper continues by suggesting theories of why the Mayans disappeared. Despite the disappearance of ancient Mayans, the author suggests that cultural influences of the Mayans still exist in Central America today.
Outline:
Introduction-Who Were the Mayans?
The Case Against the Mayans
The Case for Mayan Culture
Conclusion
From the Paper
"As for what architecture tells us about the Mayan people, the creation of pyramids and temples that were as large and time-consuming as those created by the Mayans indicate a race of people who were strong, intelligent, and willing to work together for a common goal. Very likely, Mayans were interested in their collective society, as well as their own families, and they worshiped their King. Religion was extremely important to them, as has been mentioned. They used their pyramids and other structures as places to worship, and reverence to their gods was a vital part of their daily lives."
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Hispanic Drug Gangs, 2007.
An examination of the population and issues associated with Hispanic drug gangs.
1,695 words (approx. 6.8 pages), 14 sources, APA, AU$ 69.95
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Abstract
This paper describes the ethnic composition of street gangs, with an emphasis on those that attract Hispanic youth. Also discussed are the activities of drug gangs and their association with organized crime. Several theories describing the Hispanic gang phenomenon are presented, although the author believes they do not account for all the factors affecting Hispanic street gangs. Other theories also have to be considered in the understanding of this phenomenon.
Outline:
Introduction and Overview
Theoretical Perspectives
Conclusion
From the Paper
" There are a number of different characteristics that set Hispanic street gangs apart from other gang types. These include the fact that Hispanic gangs are more likely to develop along ethnic and racial lines. It should also be noted in this regard that the term "Hispanic" is a nebulous term which is often used to include other indigenous cultures such as "...Chicanos, Mexicans, El Salvadorians, Cubans, South Americans, and anyone else from a Spanish-speaking country." (THE PROBLEMS OF DEFINITIONS ) Latino gangs are usually mainly male dominated. "Females who seemed to be with the gang all the time were perceived as more of a support system, companions, girlfriends, and some were referred to as "party animals." (THE PROBLEMS OF DEFINITIONS ) "
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Illegal Immigrants, 2006.
A discussion regarding college admission and financial aid for illegal immigrants in the US.
6,015 words (approx. 24.1 pages), 15 sources, MLA, AU$ 181.95
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Abstract
This paper takes an in-depth look at one of the most controversial issues in modern society, illegal immigration. The paper focuses on two main problems related to illegal immigration. The first issue that the paper reviews is whether or not American institutions of higher learning should admit illegal immigrants for study. The second problem is how these higher educational institutions should deal with the provision of financial aid to students who are illegal immigrants.
Outline:
Introduction
Federal Admission Issues
State Admission Issues
Federal Financial Aid
State Financial Aid
In-State Tuition
Impact of In-State Tuition on Illegal Immigrant Enrollment
Scholarships
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Whatever the limitations of the current proposed legislation, it is important to understand that this legislation has not yet passed. In response to the federal uncertainty, several states have passed laws aimed at circumventing the Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act of 1996. In fact, there are currently ten states, Texas, California, New York, Utah, Illinois, Washington, Nebraska, New Mexico, Oklahoma, and Kansas, which allow undocumented immigrants to obtain in-state tuition benefits. (Kantrowitz, 2006). These laws tie the payment of in-state tuition rates to attendance of in-state high schools for a certain number of years. In addition, some, but not all, schools in Georgia allow illegal immigrants to pay in-state tuition rates. (Kantrowitz, 2006). Furthermore, several states have legislation pending, which would allow illegal immigrants to pay in-state tuition rates. These states include Colorado, Connecticut, Florida, Hawaii, Maryland, Massachusetts, Minnesota, New Hampshire, New Jersey, North Carolina, Oregon, South Caroline, Tennessee, and Virginia. (Kantrowitz, 2006). Therefore, it is conceivable that within the next year half of all of the U.S. states will permit their public institutes of higher education to offer in-state tuition rates to undocumented immigrants. In fact, due to the number of states offering in-state tuition to illegal immigrants and the distribution of such immigrants within the United States, the present tuition picture for illegal immigrants is very promising. Currently "the majority of undocumented students in the U.S. can already count on paying the same tuition as the citizens who sit next to them in class." (Barbassa, 2006)."
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Experiencing the Hispanic Culture, 2007.
A personal description of a cultural immersion experience with the Hispanic culture.
2,088 words (approx. 8.4 pages), 1 source, MLA, AU$ 83.95
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Abstract
The writer describes how he/she spent time over a several week period with two Hispanic families and attended several of the functions that are associated with the Hispanic culture; a family event, a church event and a cultural event. The writer reveals that while Americans pride themselves on privacy and personal space, the Hispanic population is connected by the togetherness and crowded conditions that they purposely set up. The writer concludes that the Hispanic culture is about love, celebration and enjoyment of life and asserts that many of us could learn from this.
Outline:
Introduction
The Experience
The Festival
Church
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Anyone who watches the news is aware that the Hispanic population in America has grown to be the largest minority in the country. Every store has signs written in Spanish and English, every food item has instructions in both languages and there are several Hispanic radio and television broadcasts on at all times. There is no denying that the blending of the two cultures is inevitable and it is an exciting prospect."
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Immigration Reform, 2006.
A review of the pros and cons of immigration reform.
2,464 words (approx. 9.9 pages), 11 sources, APA, AU$ 96.95
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Abstract
This paper provides an overview of the various positive and negative views on immigration and immigration reform. It also suggests that based on the research, the issue of immigration reform should be more balanced. The paper further discusses how the issue of immigration is complex and includes ethical as well as economic and labor related factors. The paper concludes that a sense of balance and proportion is necessary in dealing with an issue of such complexity and sensitivity.
Outline:
Introduction
An Overview of the Issues in Immigration and Immigration Reform
Economic Aspects
Solutions
Conclusion
From the Paper
"There is increasing number of contrasting views on immigration. One view is that often mentioned as a reason for not decreasing immigration controls is that, "Open immigration would destroy important American values." (Isbister, 1996, p.220) This is a view that is based on the fear that open immigration would result in the destruction of values and institutions in the United States. This is more clearly outlined in the following quotation. "The concern is one of absorptive capacity and the assimilative powers of the U.S. A massive influx of foreigners who were unfamiliar with and uncommitted to American political values might use the democratic procedures of the country to destroy the institutions that support those procedures. "(Isbister, 1996, p.220) There is also the related fear that unrestricted immigration would alter and affect American culture. This view is supported by studies which reveal that the current legal and illegal immigration figure is in excess of one million persons per year. However those in favor of more open immigration mention that the above views have led to racism, bigotry and economic exploitation which are in contradistinction to the spirit and constitution of the country. "
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'Broken Spear", 2006.
A review of the book, 'Broken Spear", by Miguel Leon-Portillo.
786 words (approx. 3.1 pages), 1 source, MLA, AU$ 36.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the book titled, "Broken Spear", and explains that the author of the book discusses many factors that show that the Aztecs were solely at fault for their own destruction and that the influence and invasions by the Spaniards only played a small part in the destructive events. The paper explains that, according to the book, the Aztec religion contributed to the eventual destruction of the Aztec civilization.
From the Paper
"The Aztecs viewed the Gods of the Spaniards very differently. In the Broken Spear, the author talks about how the Spaniards forced the Aztecs into worshiping their one God or they would be killed. The Spaniards forced their God onto the Aztec Indians and this God was something very new and very different. The Aztecs were accustomed to worshiping several different Gods which related to the land around them. They were not used to worshiping only one God who controlled everything. Nevertheless, when the Aztecs did not accept the Spanish God, much blood shed occurred. This also shows how religion played a part in the overall destruction and demise of the Aztec empire."
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Assimilation, 2007.
A comparison of the experiences of the protagonists in the book "Pocho," by Jose Antonio Villarreal and the film "My Family," directed by Gregory Nava.
1,315 words (approx. 5.3 pages), 2 sources, MLA, AU$ 56.95
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Abstract
This paper introduces, discusses and analyzes the book "Pocho," by Jose Antonio Villarreal and the film "My Family," directed by Gregory Nava. Specifically, it discusses the process of assimilation into American life that the protagonist in the book undergoes and compares it with the assimilation of the character of "Paco" (the narrator) in the film. The paper discusses the similarities and differences between these two characters and their experiences.
From the Paper
"The book ends with many questions, and the only certainty is that Richard will not come back to Santa Clara. Perhaps he does not survive the war. Paco did, and became a writer as he dreamed he would. The reader has to hope Richard survives too, because he has a voice for his people that should be heard. It is interesting that both men enlisted to fight for America, making them even more American in their souls. They fought for their country because of patriotism, love, and many other complex reasons. It is what young American men did during World War II. These men, despite their upbringing and heritage, were true Americans, and they both show it in their need to defend their country during times of trouble."
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Illegal Immigration, 2007.
The paper discusses the controversial issue of illegal immigration in the US and argues for stricter immigration laws.
926 words (approx. 3.7 pages), 8 sources, MLA, AU$ 41.95
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Abstract
The paper examines the difference of opinion between House Republicans and Democrats regarding illegal immigration. The paper maintains that as increasing numbers of illegal immigrants cross the borders of the United States, it is clear that a revamp of existing laws is needed. The paper is of the opinion that illegal immigration should be classified as a felony. This would make it not only illegal for undocumented aliens to remain in the country, but it would also make it a criminal act to assist them. The paper asserts that American citizens should not be obliged to financially support a hand of criminals and their offspring, they should be able to walk the streets safely and be granted the jobs they are entitled to.
From the Paper
"The illegal immigrant issue is age old in the United States, and just about that recent are the futile attempts to improve the situation on the matter. As we speak, some 4 percent of the United States' population consists of illegal aliens and President Bush's guest-worker program doesn't seem to be a solution either to the Republicans or the Democrats on the venture. The House Republicans and the Democrats have been arguing for almost a year whether illegal immigration should be made a felony on the US territory; at the moment it is only considered a misdemeanor but neither of the parts is satisfied with the situation. The Republicans are strongly against the guest-worker program as they consider it to be rewarding illegal immigrants, while the Democrats insist it is a good start but not enough measure, because it is only to bring a temporary solution to the 11 million immigrants."
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Should Aliens Have The Same Rights As U.S. Citizens?, 2007.
An analysis of the rights of aliens in the United States and a discussion on whether or not they should be changed.
2,907 words (approx. 11.6 pages), 8 sources, APA, AU$ 110.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the rights of residents of the United States who are citizens of other countries (aliens). It discusses whether or not the amount of rights that aliens in the United States benefit from is in accordance with the International Law of Human Rights and religious and moral principles. The paper explores whether aliens should be awarded more rights or if they already have too many rights and discusses the implications of providing them with more rights.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Aliens' Rights
Protests
Mexican Immigrants
Working Conditions for Illegal Aliens
Prejudice
Benefits for the Illegal Aliens
International Human Rights Legislation
Conclusion
From the Paper
"During the years, due to social pressure the illegal aliens have been granted a series of temporary benefits. They have been awarded amnesties at times. That is the granting of a legal statute into the country. They have had educational subsidies. In some states they have had drivers' licenses. One such benefit was the illegal alien identification card which was introduced in an effort to legitimize and control illegal migration. Especially the governments of the countries of origin of most of the aliens, like Mexico, were very important supporters of this card. This card is used if the alien is deported according to the laws. These cards have been strongly opposed by the American conservatives as they were thought to be aiding and abetting illegal migration."
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