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Implementing Diversity Training, 2008.
A discussion of effective ways to implement diversity training in the workplace.
1,400 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 4 sources, APA, AU$ 75.95
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Abstract
This paper proposes possible ways of implementing diversity training. Firstly, it maintains that non-confrontational techniques are considered the best way to approach training. The paper suggests that it is better for a facilitator to lead the group and promote constructive action and talking, and then follow the group's ideas, rather than to have an expert drive a course where no interaction is allowed. The paper also suggests that practical, real-world examples be used in training, as theory-based or academic teaching can be staid and uninvolving. In role playing activities, the paper suggests using positive examples rather than negatives ones as a guide for future behavior. The paper further asserts that the group should be unified as one rather than polarized, which is best achieved by a participant-centered approach to learning rather than an expert-centered approach to learning. In its conclusion, the paper stresses the importance of regular evaluative reports on the overall success of the diversity training program - including opportunities for employee input - on a monthly basis or less often if the program is going well.
From the Paper
"A good way of keeping employees engaged during the training is by making homework mandatory. This may seem a little like forcing an unwilling child to do homework, but training sessions should be inclusive and interesting enough to make this form of homework informative. The employees should remember that their homework is to contribute to the happiness of their work environment. It is also a forum through which the employees can offer their opinion - a right which is often a problem in diversity-challenged workplaces to begin with. Employees should be encouraged to give their input throughout the diversity training, but they should also be encouraged to be positive and refrain from blaming or shaming individuals (ibid). Whilst diversity training is implemented to correct past problems, its goal should be to look to the future. The goal is for employees to be unified, not divided."
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Global Warming and Canada, 2008.
An analysis of the environmental and political effects of global warming in Canada.
1,270 words (approx. 5.1 pages), 8 sources, MLA, AU$ 70.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at global warming and its impact, both climactically and politically, upon Canada. In particular, the paper asserts that global warming has impacted Canada's environment in a tangible way and has also transformed Canadian politics - perhaps not for the better. Additionally, the paper examines how global warming is impacting vulnerable wildlife species and aboriginal or native societies in various regions of Canada. Furthermore, the paper looks at global warming's effects upon Canadian politics, with special attention devoted to the charged rhetoric surrounding the issue. The paper concludes that global warming is sharpening the ideological and political divide between those Canadians who believe something drastic needs to be done and those who do not feel so inclined.
From the Paper
"The more temperate Northern Canadian climate also has serious implications for ultraviolet B exposure in Canadian inland waters. Although one recent study suggests that "dissolved organic matter-mediated ultraviolet B exposure" is not a serious problem for those Canadian inland waters that were examined, the same report also found that "optically clear" and at-risk ponds were much more common (perhaps even surprisingly common) in the artic eco-zones - particularly in the Northern artic and in the artic cordillera (Molot et al, 2511-2512). To sum up this entire section, Canada's climate is changing in ways that put many aquatic and terrestrial species in harm's way."
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Canadian Black Immigrants and Inequality, 2008.
This paper discusses black immigrants, Canadian immigration policy
and the related inequality.
1,976 words (approx. 7.9 pages), 5 sources, MLA, AU$ 101.95
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Abstract
In this article the writer discusses that the patterns of immigration by blacks, and especially black women, over this century demonstrate discriminatory and preventive measures by the Canadian government. The paper relates that this pattern is best understood through the structural functional perspective because immigration policy is designed to ensure that Canadian society is of a certain type. The writer explains that the Canadian government permits certain quotas of immigrants into the country at specific times for labor needs. However, it also carefully controls immigration and prevents family formation. This paper argues that the intention of the Canadian government is and always has been to ensure that blacks and people of color would never be a dominant group and have access to power in the country.
From the Paper
"Immigration policy provided a means to cope with labour shortages while it also defined what is meant by a suitable permanent citizen. That definition was determined by race, ethnicity, class, and also by gender. Black women from the Caribbean were in the worst position. Black workers received half the pay for performing the same work as whites. For domestic workers, conditions went beyond discrimination since they had to endure intolerable conditions of no free time, unpaid overtime, and had to live in. The live-in requirement guaranteed that the women could not form families."
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Same-Sex Marriage and Artificial Insemination, 2008.
This paper argues against same-sex marriage and the related issue of artificial insemination.
2,075 words (approx. 8.3 pages), 6 sources, MLA, AU$ 106.95
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Abstract
In this article the writer looks at same-sex marriage and at the artificial insemination of lesbians with an eye towards asserting that both are offensive on religious, moral, and sociological grounds. The paper first points out that the Holy Scriptures provide a number of compelling justifications for the elevation of heterosexual marriage. Proceeding further, the writer argues that there are moral reasons why artificial insemination (and gay marriages involving children) are unacceptable. Finally, the writer maintains that there is sufficient evidence decrying the effects of households headed by homosexual couples upon children for our society to re-examine its glib acceptance of the idea that homosexual couples (perhaps couples inseminated by artificial means) should automatically be given carte blanche to be parents.
From the Paper
"The reasons why homosexual union appears to be frowned upon by the Church ties into the notion of complementarity; that is to say, pairs of men and pairs of women cannot conceive children via natural means. In short, the procreative process, at least if it involves natural means, is only possible if one man and one woman are involved. As May understands the matter, natural fertility is a blessing of God and demands the active participation of both genders. More than that, the ability to have progeny invests in human couples the creative power that would otherwise be limited to God alone; thus, the natural process of mating is an act that should not be trifled with inasmuch as man and woman - in their natural states as God designed them - have been rendered in God's image, or at least man has been rendered in God's image and have been given the responsibility of carrying out a procreative act sanctioned by the Almighty. Clearly, man and woman have been designed the way they have for a reason, and it would be unwise to alter this complementary state by allowing lesbians to become pregnant via artificial insemination."
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Inequality and Immigration, 2008.
A discussion of the ways that inequality can be seen in immigration in Canada.
2,289 words (approx. 9.2 pages), 6 sources, MLA, AU$ 114.95
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Abstract
This paper argue that inequality today can be seen represented primarily in immigration, that has been exploited for the purposes of the elite of society. The paper provides a theoretical exploration of inequality and then explores how inequality manifests itself in terms of immigration in Canada. It demonstrates how this manifestation of inequality serves the purposes of the powerful, usually leaders of business and various industries, in Canadian society as a means of controlling and dividing the labor market.
From the Paper
"This insight is important, as it allows us to understand the critical importance of vulnerability in the role of the immigrants in western economies. From this point of view, it is of critical importance that immigrants are both politically and economically vulnerable and dependent, for this ensures the docility of the immigrant labor force, as well as its potential to be used against indigenous labour in countries such as Canada. Through this process of "divide and rule" business interests influence the direction of government policies in areas such as the recognition of academic qualifications from non-Western sources. By the denial of recognition of these qualifications, business leaders ensure that the immigrant work force will remain docile and vulnerable to the influence of business for as long as possible. While we may acknowledge that immigrant entrepreneurs often succeed despite these barriers, this success does not deny the reality of the barriers themselves, and how they are used to foster inequality and the vulnerability of the immigrant work force in countries such as Canada."
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Abortion and Rights, 2008.
A critique of George and Sheila Grant's 1986 article, "Abortion and Rights."
1,532 words (approx. 6.1 pages), 1 source, MLA, AU$ 81.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the logical fallacies in George and Sheila Grant's 1986 article, "Abortion and Rights". Particularly, the paper looks at the Grants' use of a faulty premise, their use of ad hominem arguments and their appeals to the reader's sympathy, their use of the "slippery slope" argument and their use of appeals to antiquity and to authority.
In the end, the paper argues that these logical shortcomings diminish the force of their arguments even in the eyes of readers who are inclined to share their position.
From the Paper
"To begin with, it may be said - even though this writer is sympathetic to the argument presented in many ways - that they (the Grants) are guilty of producing a faulty (or at least highly dubious) premise in one of the central arguments of her paper. For instance, when discussing the controversial 1973 Supreme Court decision, Roe v. Wade, the Grants state that the High Court chose to resolve the case on the basis of individuals having inalienable rights within a democratic society. But, in settling the case in the manner it did, the Court essentially concluded that the mother has all of the rights and the fetus has no rights at all. As George and Sheila Grant argue, by negating the rights of the fetus - by making it non-existent - the Court is stating that the fetus has no right to continued existence. At this juncture, the authors become guilty of injecting their faulty premise into the proceedings. Specifically, they assert that, since the fetus is the same species as the mother, the fundamental question becomes the following: what is it about the mother (or any person) that makes it appropriate for her to have any rights herself (118)? The question is a faulty one inasmuch as there is no acknowledgement of the possibility that the fetus is not really "human" at all; in other words, if it cannot live independently outside the womb, if its basic organs are not sufficiently developed to allow it to live in the same environment that humans live in, and if it cannot "think" or excogitate in the way that human beings can, then perhaps the fetus is (as feminists often state) merely a bundle of cells. Naturally enough, if the fetus can be differentiated from the human family, then it can also be differentiated from the mother; to wit, just because a fetus does not have certain inalienable rights does not mean that the mother should not have certain inalienable rights. On this basis, the couple predicates their argument upon a premise that may very well not stand up to scrutiny. As an addendum, it could be argued that they commit a formal fallacy inasmuch as they compose a deductive argument - humans have rights; fetuses are human; therefore, fetuses must have rights - that is (maybe) probable, but certainly not "air-tight" because there is too much uncertainty over whether or not fetuses (at least in the early stages of pregnancy) really are human.
At the same time, a case can be made that the Grants commit the logical sins of engaging in ad hominem and "appeal to pity" arguments that do not server their paper well. For example, the ad hominem argument takes place - at least in the view of this writer - when the authors write about how history is riddled with terrible examples of persecution carried out by regimes that have decided to leave entire groups of people outside the scope of human rights. As they put it, "Mass murder comes when we forget what a human being is, and begin to regard people as accidental conglomerations of matter" (Grant & Grant, 119). Leaving aside the earlier doubts about the veracity of claiming that fetuses are human, the argument is compromised by the fact that the couple is implicitly associating those who have abortions (or those who carry them out) with mass-murderers who have exterminated (or tried to exterminate) whole classes of people. In this sense, they are launching an ad hominem attack of sorts insofar as they are focusing upon their adversaries and their perceived moral deficiencies and not upon the validity of their arguments."
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Helen Longino's "Pornography, Oppression and Freedom", 2008.
This paper rejects Helen Longino's position on pornography as presented in her work, "Pornography, Oppression and Freedom: A Closer Look".
1,235 words (approx. 4.9 pages), 1 source, MLA, AU$ 68.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Helen Longino argues in her article "Pornography, Oppression and Freedom: A Closer Look" that pornography by its nature is harmful to women and should be controlled and eliminated. The author maintains that Longino bases this position on tenuous distinctions between pornography and erotica and on the liberal use of universal claims about the effect that pornography has on women and their place in society. The paper contends that, despite her superficially well-reasoned article, a closer examination of Longino's claims and analysis reveals problems that undermine her argument. The paper then asserts that pornography cannot be considered necessarily and categorically harmful to women. The paper concludes that the marginal harm that pornography might cause in isolated incidents is not great enough to justify banning pornography and restricting this form of sexual expression.
From the Paper
"Longino argues that these harms are cause enough to invoke laws and regulations that would limit freedom of expression and sexual expression. But are these harms entirely plausible? Is the potential for these harms to be realized justification enough to ban pornography. F.M. Christensen would say no, that efforts to ban pornography through limitations on freedoms--especially freedom of expression--is reprehensible and much more harmful to society than the potential ills of pornography. On this point, I agree with Christensen."
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The Sunni and Shiite Conflict, 2008.
This paper examines the ongoing conflict between the Sunni and Shiite branches of Islam.
3,323 words (approx. 13.3 pages), 5 sources, MLA, AU$ 153.95
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Abstract
The paper explores the beginnings of the conflict between the Sunni and Shiite factions of Islam and explains their ideological differences. The paper focuses on the twentieth century and why the Islamic conflict continues. The paper discusses how concessions to the Islamists will not work because wiping out the West is part of their agenda. The paper points out, however, that a better understanding of this conflict among Westerners can only yield positive results by clarifying how our interests lay with the Muslims who do not answer the Islamist call to battle.
Table of Contents:
Outline
Beginnings
The Schism
The Contemporary Sunni-Shiite Divide
Conclusion
From the Paper
"This essay will examine the ongoing conflict between the two principle branches of Islam: Sunni and Shiite. This is a relevant, even critical topic for anyone interested in today's world events. The current War on Terror and the struggles between Palestinians and the Israelis make understanding the acrimony between Sunni and Shiite Muslims necessary. The secular, Christian West remained generally ignorant of Islam until September 11, 2001, when members of Islam's radical fringe besmirched their faith in the eyes of the world through an amazing act of terrorism."
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Responses to Global Warming, 2008.
This paper discusses the role of science, knowledge and risk in environmental problems such as global warming.
2,677 words (approx. 10.7 pages), 7 sources, MLA, AU$ 130.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses that the planet is currently facing the challenge and danger of global warming. The writer maintains that science and technology have brought us to this crisis, in that industrialization has led to global warming. It seems highly likely that we will have to rely on these very same things, i.e. science and technology, to rescue us from the peril we are in due to global warming. Within the ambit of scientific responses to global warming, two basic kinds of response exist: mitigation of global warming, or adaptation to the effects of global warming. This paper examines the research to determine which approach seems more appropriate and useful for saving ourselves from global warming. It recommends that we look to adaptation using science and technology, as mitigation has clearly failed.
Outline:
Abstract
Essay
From the Paper
"Examples include sequestering carbon in trees. This would involve planting a vast number of trees, because trees take in carbon dioxide. They incorporate in into their leaves, roots and stems via photosynthesis. Due to the long life of trees, this would mean that the carbon had been sequestered away from the environment for about 100 years. Another approach is carbon management, in which carbon dioxide emitted during the burning of carbon fuels is caught and then sequestered away from the atmosphere. The question of course is where to store it. One suggestion is to sequester it in the ocean. The problem with this solution is that we do not know what the long-term effects on the ocean would be. In addition, the technologies to capture carbon dioxide emissions are still in the very early stages. Fertilizing the ocean with iron is an innovative idea propounded by an oceanographer in 1987."
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The Military-Industrial Complex and the War in Iraq, 2008.
An argument that President Eisenhower's military-industrial complex warning is connected to the War in Iraq.
938 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 3 sources, APA, AU$ 54.95
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Abstract
The paper compares and contrasts the war in Iraq with President Eisenhower's warning about the military-industrial complex. The paper argues that because President Eisenhower's warning in 1961 of the growing power and influence of the military-industrial complex has been largely forgotten, we are now burdened with the consequences of a war in Iraq. The paper claims that the Iraq war is reaping massive profits for the defense industry, but is bankrupting the American Treasury and bitterly dividing the country.
From the Paper
"Unfortunately, neither the American people nor their leaders have sufficiently heeded President Eisenhower's warnings over the past forty-five years, for the military-industrial complex exists today and has power and influence on a far vaster scale than existed in 1961. The interlocking associations between government leaders and institutions, powerful defense industry corporations, and the Pentagon have produced skyrocketing budget deficits, immense profits for weapons manufacturers, rampant political corruption in Washington D.C., and a bloody fiasco in Iraq."
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Airports, Airlines and Customers, 2008.
This paper provides a look at the services offered by airports and airlines to target customers.
1,600 words (approx. 6.4 pages), 6 sources, APA, AU$ 85.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews the ways in which airports and airlines across America are trying to target and accommodate customers in the aftermath of the industry's near-collapse after 9/11. The paper particularly looks at how airports are trying to assuage security concerns while simultaneously offering new services to busy professionals. The writer also touches upon how airports are attempting to link their facilities to the buying predilections of certain segments of the population. Additionally, the paper reviews the determined efforts of the airline industry itself to offer more "bang for the buck" while doing what it can to reassure customers that their flight experience will not be troubled by concerns centering around whether or not their luggage will arrive with them at their destination.
From the Paper
"Busy commuters, security "freaks," and consumers interested in easy access to niche providers are only a few of the customer demographic groups that stir the interest of airport management. Another group, frequently overlooked, is the airport user who is a compulsive shopper. Naturally enough, these sorts of individuals are a key demographic inasmuch as airports are wholly aware that items purchased on their premises mean money in pocket at the end of the fiscal year. Of course, logic dictates that airport marketing professionals are well-acquainted with certain groups - it could be young women, affluent elderly couples, or businesspeople with a penchant for impulsive buying - that like to buy items (and specific types of items) at the airport rather than elsewhere at a store. The problem, or so it would seem, is that knowing individuals (and which kinds) who want to buy at the airport does not necessarily translate into providing the sort of technology or services that can facilitate their purchasing decisions and activities. Consequently, the airport truly desirous of deriving profit from waiting families or individuals must renovate its inner structure and give people ready access to such technology."
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Behind the Anti-War Movement, 2008.
This paper explores a media group's sponsorship of anti-war rallies.
1,013 words (approx. 4.1 pages), 5 sources, MLA, AU$ 57.95
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Abstract
The paper provides a brief overview of the movement against the Iraq War as it has manifested itself in the U.S. since 2003. The paper looks at mainstream media coverage of public rallies, focusing on a report in the Los Angeles Times and a report from Reuters. The paper discusses the ANSWER media savvy organizing group that is rarely noted in mainstream media coverage of public rallies but which has a large role in sponsoring them. The paper thus shows how a mainstream news source omits small pieces of information that can have a significant effect on the interpretation of the news story.
From the Paper
"The first protests against the Iraq War actually began just prior to the onset of the war itself, at a time when it was becoming clear that the military preparations and intensified propaganda leading up to the invasion had passed a point of no return. In March of 2003, mass protests in both the United States and Britain, denominated the "World Says No to War" protests, attracted approximately 500,000 marchers nationwide. Since then the movement has had its ups and downs, but generally been able to sponsor large turnouts near the anniversary dates of the invasion (March of each year.) Many have commentated that this level of organization and turnout is remarkable given the lack of a military draft, which in past times (notably the Vietnam war) has substantially enlivened anti-war movements (Garfinkle.)"
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Canadian Immigration Policy, 2008.
An analysis of the changes to the Canadian immigration policy since World War II and specifically during the 1960s.
2,266 words (approx. 9.1 pages), 10 sources, MLA, AU$ 114.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at the evolution of the Canadian immigration policy since the Second World War. Specifically, it discusses the dramatic shift which took place in the 1960s as Canada began to move away from its old preferential immigration policy under the Pearson government. Further, the paper analyzes how political, economic and demographic factors created a remarkable amount of momentum for policies which opened the doors (and kept them open) for non-European arrivals from the latter 1960s onward.
From the Paper
"Lastly, Canada has moved substantially towards an immigration policy that permits family reunification for all immigrants - especially global south immigrants - with very few restrictions. In light of the fact that so many of today's immigrants are non-European (and, as noted previously, this has been the case since at least the middle-1970s), the end result is that this bit of Canadian policy-making has bolstered the already-high numbers of non-European groups within Canada. In the end, it would seem evident that successive Canadian governments - whether Conservative or Liberal - have embraced multicultural immigration because the swiftly-changing demographics of the land (and a new political landscape) leaves them no choice but to indulge non-Caucasian and non-European citizens."
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Sexual Abuse and Survivors, 2008.
This paper analyzes the book 'Counseling Survivors of Sexual Abuse' by Diane M. Langberg.
820 words (approx. 3.3 pages), 1 source, MLA, AU$ 47.95
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Abstract
In this article the writer discusses that the work 'Counseling Survivors of Sexual Abuse' authored by Diane M. Langberg is a powerful, daring and effective book. The writer presents her personal reaction to the treatment of sexual abuse and notes that the book opened her eyes to what treatments are used to assist an abuser and what foundations are used to get over the abuse. The writer concludes with a very favorable impression of Dr. Langberg's passion to aide, assist and help the survivors that have been sexually abused, especially in the theological framework of people that have been traumatized.
From the Paper
"Another eye opener is the fact that Dr. Langberg encourages survivors to write out Isaiah 53, which should assist with brining God closer into their lives since Jesus suffered on the cross and was resurrected.
"It seems that there are various factors that affect a child's reaction to abuse to include how the child perceives the abuser and distinctive things associated from the assault. Dr. Langberg observed and counseled symptomatic and asymptomatic victims; as part of treatment methods, reunification issues and cognitive therapy along with nondirective support therapy. Dr. Langberg uses individual therapy as opposed to group therapy."
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Darfur Crisis, 2008.
This paper looks at the causes and complications of the Darfur crisis.
1,213 words (approx. 4.9 pages), 3 sources, MLA, AU$ 67.95
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Abstract
In this article the writer discusses that the Darfur crisis as it exists today is the result of a convergence of domestic political and cultural causes, within the context of regional political and environmental circumstances, all of which are being looked upon with good-intentioned neglect by the international community. This essay explores the Darfur crisis with a focus on discerning the root causes of the crisis from its more immediate direct causes. The thesis is argued, while its direct causes seem to lie in a botched counter-insurgency program launched by the Sudanese government which coincided with drought and regional environmental issues, its root causes lie in the structuring of the Sudanese state in the wake of colonialism. As is seen, the inability of the Sudanese government to address the complex needs of diverse groups within its state lies ultimately at the root of the Darfur crisis, with implications both for the Sudan and other post-colonial states.
From the Paper
"Prunier's observation is valuable in two respects: first, he cites the fact that the Sudan has been internationally recognized for another long-running civil conflict in its recent history, and secondly that the causes of the Darfur crisis are not immediately clear or easy to understand. The reference to the Sudan's history of internal civil conflict is particularly significant, as it suggests that there are systemic problems in the Sudanese state that extend beyond the confines of the Darfur crisis. It may be argued that these problems are the "root" causes of the Darfur crisis.
"The Sudan as it exists today is largely a legacy of the colonial era, when the British empire governed vast swathes of Africa. However, a defining characteristic of the Sudan from its colonial period has been the combination of enormous territory and diverse ethnic populations, with an overcentralized state."
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