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The National Strategy for Combating Terrorism, 2008.
An analysis of the strengths and weaknesses of the United States' National Strategy for Combating Terrorism (NSCT).
2,214 words (approx. 8.9 pages), 10 sources, APA, AU$ 74.95
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Abstract
The paper looks at the National Strategy for Combating Terrorism (NSCT), a strategic plan to protect American infrastructure from terrorist attack. The paper discusses the main tenets of the NSCT and its strengths and weaknesses. The paper concludes that the NSCT must be revised and improved to implement more efficient, logical means of fighting this war of religion and ideology.
Outline:
Introduction
Tenets of the National Strategy for Combating Terrorism
Strengths of the National Strategy for Combating Terrorism
Weaknesses of the National Strategy for Combating Terrorism
Revisions and Improvements
From the Paper
"The NSCT lays out its efforts in a comprehensive manner to facilitate a clear understanding of the strategies that will be implemented to combat terror, and terrorism. The main objective, of course, is to defeat violent extremism, which poses a definite threat to our way of life as a free and open society; and create a global environment inhospitable to violent extremists and their supporters (NSCT 2006).
"The NSCT clearly indicates that its strategies are taking into consideration the fact that terrorists and terrorist organizations have adjusted their strategies in response to United States actions, therefore the NSCT is continually being refined."
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Jaime Escalante: Teacher Extraordinaire, 2008.
A paper on the life and work of the influential educator Jaime Escalante.
1,579 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 8 sources, MLA, AU$ 55.95
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Abstract
This paper presents a biography of Jaime Escalante and describes how his perseverance, ideals and work ethic enabled him to succeed both in his personal life and in his chosen career as teacher. The author then contrasts the way in which Escalante became an inspiring and successful teacher by transcending language and cultural barriers with the refusal of many current Latino immigrants to learn English and the consequent trend in major American metropolitan areas to provide Spanish-speaking services for them.
From the Paper
"Currently the United States is experiencing a major influx of Latino immigrants, many illegal, that do not have the fortitude or the tenacity of Jaime Escalante. If each immigrant were to espouse the ideals and work ethic of Escalante, the controversy would surely diminish as such individuals, immigrants and otherwise, are sorely needed in many industries in the United States. It seems they broke the mold when they made Jaime Escalante and many teachers now teaching in tough, urban areas would do well to follow his excellent example of treating students with respect, pride, and care no matter what their economic, racial, or social background may be."
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Analysis of Intelligence Support for Homeland Security, 2008.
This paper is a critical analysis of the United States' intelligence support for homeland security in dealing with the prevention of terrorist attacks.
3,574 words (approx. 14.3 pages), 14 sources, MLA, AU$ 107.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the degree of progress being made in intelligence support for Homeland Security. The paper notes that the progress is primarily due to the expansion of government surveillance powers through the authority of the USAPatriot Act, the issuing of executive orders by the President authorizing controversial NSA wiretapping and other covert anti-terrorism measures, new intelligence programs, and recent modifications of FISA. The author states that these actions have enabled the Intelligence Community to improve and expand their efforts to prevent terrorist attacks on the United States, but that numerous problems still need to be overcome if future attacks are to be prevented. Furthermore, the author argues that there is increasing fear that far too many intelligence related government activities are covert and classified, which heightens the risk of abuses of power.
From the Paper
"In addition to dealing with domestic consequences in the form of Congressional oversight investigations and court challenges based on civil liberties and privacy issues, Intelligence Community officials also face the possibility of being indicted and prosecuted by the International Criminal Court. American government personnel involved in detainee interrogations are at the greatest risk because of their participation in controversial activities such as renditions and the ongoing use of enhanced interrogation techniques.
"The Bush Administration opposed the establishment of the ICC and argues that granting such a court with the global power and jurisdiction to bring American citizens to trial could lead to abuses. The current occupant of the White House and various cabinet officials have publicly expressed concerns about the ICC on various grounds, but the underlying reason for U.S. opposition to the International Criminal Court is that American Intelligence Community personnel, government agency officials, and soldiers could be brought before the ICC to be prosecuted for violations of international law and the Geneva Conventions."
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Substance Abuse, 2008.
This paper discusses drug trends on college and university campuses.
1,062 words (approx. 4.2 pages), 10 sources, APA, AU$ 40.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that it is a fact that college students and their alcohol and drug use are almost inevitably linked, at least in the minds of the general public. Prospective students rate educational institutions not only for their value in terms of academics, but also in terms of their reputation as being "party" schools. The writer maintains that as a result, alcohol and drug use are an ever present force in college students' lives. The writer discusses that even though the presence of drugs on campuses might be a constant, the manner in which they are present is inconsistent. The trends that are seen in student drug use can lead to policy changes, both on and off campus. This paper is used to examine some of these trends, as well as the policy changes that might have resulted from them.
From the Paper
"This trend seems to be consistent on a national basis among college athletes. A report on Infofacts states that a study run in 2001 indicated that 81% of student athletes used alcohol in the preceding year. This figure had dropped from the 89% that had been reported in 1989. The percentage of student athletes abusing alcohol was almost twice that of students in the general population. Interestingly, this trend seems to be contradicted in Williams which indicates that student athletes report less frequent drug and alcohol use over their non-athlete peers. It is possible that these results are due more to the National Collegiate Athletic Association's drug testing policies, however, rather than from any voluntary trend of use. It is also possible that this trend is a result of under reporting the use of drugs and alcohol."
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Holy War and Osama bin Laden, 2008.
This paper provides a critical review of Peter Bergen's book "Holy War, Inc.".
2,237 words (approx. 8.9 pages), 6 sources, APA, AU$ 75.95
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Abstract
In this essay, the writer notes that perhaps the most striking element of Peter Bergen's book about the life of Osama bin Laden, 'Holy War Inc.', is the impeccable timing of its release, as the author was well prepared to write a book on the world of al-Qaeda and their motivations for war. The writer points out that Bergen's book had taken six years to write, but after September 11, it was swiftly pushed into print with a hasty update and no index. The writer discusses that the work is an interesting read that traces a solid background of the FBI's most wanted man - Osama bin Laden. The writer concludes that this would be an appropriate book for those coming new to the topic of al-Qaeda, as well as those with an interest in the new forms of postmodern war being waged across and beyond borders.
Outline:
Summary of Main Themes
Outline of Thesis
Evaluation of Thesis and Purpose
Evaluation of Bergen's Use of Evidence
From the Paper
"The key finding of the book, however, is Bergen's close analysis of the way in which global terrorism - and in particular Holy War - is now waged. Postmodern attacks are no longer launched from a single national base against a foreign national power, which has shifted the entire strategy for waging war. New terrorist networks are not filled by ragged mountain men leading a guerilla war from their thatched huts. Instead, postmodern terrorism utilizes cutting-edge communications and weapons technology to carry out its aims. The 'average' terrorist is well educated, well funded, international in scope and uses global contacts and sophisticated business planning to wage war. Thus, the aims of Holy War - an ancient Islamic calling of martyrdom and sacrifice - are blended into the high-tech structures of our postmodern communication age to achieve strategic international political goals."
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Contemporary Death Penalty, 2008.
An examination of the issues surrounding capital punishment in America.
1,169 words (approx. 4.7 pages), 9 sources, APA, AU$ 43.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the past history of the death penalty in America and the present state of the issue. The paper points out that this paper is intended to serve as a guide for a local police chief and for the local prosecutor. The paper then offers predictions about the future of the death penalty in America and recommendations on how this issue should be handled in the future. The paper also explains the past history of the death penalty in America. In conclusion, the writer believes that the evidence does not support the wide-spread use of capital punishment, and law enforcement authorities and prosecutors should avoid lobbying for it except in the most heinous crimes and when dealing with the most incorrigible and dangerous criminals.
Outline:
Introduction
Past History of the Death Penalty in America
Present State of the Death Penalty Issue
Prediction on the Future of the Issue and Recommendations for the Local Police Chief and the Local Prosecutor
From the Paper
"Further, even as Americans "humanized" the means by which the death penalty was carried out in the nineteenth century, African-American slaves habitually received little protection under the law and were brutally punished with death for reasons that had little to do with dispensing justice. Those who have studied the history of the death penalty in American society since the nineteenth century note that the practice, though it became comparatively more humanized, still used "rough means" in executing its task; to wit, the not-always-reliable electric chair emerged towards the end of the nineteenth century and the gas chamber began to proliferate in the 1920s."
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Bush, Iraq and Weapons of Mass Destruction, 2008.
Looks at the entrance of President Bush into the Iraq War based on the possible existence of weapons of mass destruction.
1,700 words (approx. 6.8 pages), 7 sources, MLA, AU$ 60.95
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Abstract
This paper argues that the allegation that Iraq had weapons of mass destruction, which were never discovered, was a deliberate deception by the Bush administration to justify their aggression in terms of containing terrorism by maintaining the international balance of power. The paper further asserts that Bush ignored the truth that he heard from his advisers and deliberately misled the American people to make an excuse to go to war with Iraq. The paper contends that Bush wanted to secure America's position of dominance, power and access to oil resources in the Middle East and tricked the American people into thinking that going to war with Iraq was a way of waging war on terrorism.
From the Paper
"The primary thrust of Bush's argument for the invasion of Iraq was that Iraq was a serious threat to the rest of the world because it was building WMD. This is an interesting allegation, given that the only country that really has a large supply of WMD is the USA. However, it must be borne in mind that those countries who seek to justify owning WMD - such as the USA - seek to do so in terms of deterrence theory. The idea is that if rational countries such as the USA and Russia possess nuclear weapons, their mutual knowledge that the other country has WMD will deter either country from ever deploying the WMD."
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Assessing and Evaluating Cures for Climate Change, 2008.
An assessment of cures that could stop global warming.
1,003 words (approx. 4.0 pages), 6 sources, MLA, AU$ 38.95
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Abstract
This study analyzes the definitive cures for stopping the current global climate change that has been worsening in recent years. By discussing how human beings can reduce carbon dioxide emitting energy sources, one can realize how the climate can be saved by a new environmental consciousness.
From the Paper
"One major factor in the cause of global warming in the current global climate is how is how human beings interact with their environment. The emission of carbon dioxide from automobiles around the globe has been a major factor in why the world is becoming a warmer place. With the world's temperature rising faster than it has for over 50,000 years, there is a definite scientific consensus that human machines are a serious problem for curing the world's climate issues (Maslin 56). Since carbon dioxide emitted from vehicles acts as an agent that opens holes in the ozone, there is a growing problem with how the extremely warm ultra violet rays from the sun will escape. Carbon dioxide basically opens the holes for the sun's rays, but they also trap the heat on the earth's surface. One solution would be to use electric cars or hybrid vehicles to help reduce the amount of gas being used, which also reduces the amount of carbon dioxide they emit. Houghton (2004) defines this as an important step in slowing down the emissions growth rates in current times:"
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Intelligence Community Reforms, 2008.
A look at the 9/11 Commission and the the Intelligence Reform and Terrorist Prevention Act (IRTPA).
3,331 words (approx. 13.3 pages), 12 sources, MLA, AU$ 103.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how identifying and analyzing the 9/11 Commission's comprehensive recommendations for reforming the intelligence community indicates that the Commission was justifiably and deeply concerned about the failure of America's intelligence community to prevent the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks on New York City and Washington D.C. It looks at how these concerns have led to the implementation of intelligence community reforms which are analyzed throughout the paper.
From the Paper
"Comparing and contrasting the 9/11 Commission recommendations with the IRTPA reveals that the IRTPA will improve the FBI's capabilities against international terrorism by enacting into law the 9-11 Commission's recommendations regarding FBI reforms relevant to counterterrorism. These capabilities were expanded because the 9-11 Commission determined that although the FBI had significantly improved its counterterrorism capabilities between 2001 and 2004, further improvement was necessary, particularly in FBI field offices, "for language and surveillance specialists were not well integrated into the FBI's intelligence program, and that analysts were sometimes underutilized." (Jacobson, 2004) "
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Illegal Immigration, 2008.
Looks at the problem of immigration, especially illegal immigration in the United States.
2,385 words (approx. 9.5 pages), 10 sources, MLA, AU$ 79.95
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Abstract
This paper argues that immigration has changed the face of America more than any other event in American history. The author points out how immigration, especially illegal immigration, has negatively affected the working lower class. The paper contends that limited immigration is better than completely opening American borders and is better than trying to completely close them. An annotated bibliography is included with the paper.
Outline:
Impact of Illegal Immigration
Political Debates do not include the Real Issues
Difficulty Finding Monetary Assistance
High Cost of Housing
Open Door Borders
Disservice to American Citizens
Education System in a Crisis
Identity Theft and Fake Documentation
Illegal Immigrants and Drug Trafficking
Are the Two Equally Bad?
Mexico Letting Its Citizens Leave with Encouragement
Money for Mexico through Illegal Immigration and Drug Trafficking
Minority Elected Representatives
Between a Rock and a Hard Place
Moral Choices
There are no Easy Solutions
Moral Choices
Exodus of Jobs
Moderation and Fairness
From the Paper
"Immigrants live differently than American low income families. They house four or five adults in a small apartment and share the rent without concern to cramped living quarters and bleak conditions. Immigrants pool their resources so that they can easily manage the high cost of living in America. As a result, landlords increase the rent because the supply is being filled by immigrants. Low income families who have one or two wage earners with wages of eight, nine or ten dollars find it increasingly difficult to compete with immigrants who have four or five adult incomes contributing."
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European Citizenship and Immigration, 2008.
A discussion of the effects immigration is having on European citizenship and identity.
2,114 words (approx. 8.5 pages), 8 sources, MLA, AU$ 71.95
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Abstract
The paper presents the thesis that the changing nature of what it means to be a European citizen in the 21st century is connected to the continent's native birth rate crisis, which has forced many European nations to significantly increase their non-native immigration. The paper discusses how immigrants are now challenging the very nature of what it means to be European and transforming the nations of which the populations are now an integral part. The paper looks at the Turks in Germany and illustrates the challenges facing further evolution of European citizenship and the difficulty of achieving an effective solution.
From the Paper
"The concept of citizenship, with its attendant rights and responsibilities, first grew up during the rise of the modern nation-state in 18th century Europe. A series of increasingly bloody continental wars in Europe created the impetus for a transformation of people's concepts of what citizenship entailed, or should entail. Through a long process of evolution, conflict, and compromise, today in the 21st century we find that concepts of what constitutes citizenship have changed along with the nations underlying that concept. This evolution has not taken place in a vacuum, but as a response or reaction to real historical situations and predicaments which current European Union policy attempts, in its way, to solve ("The European Citizenship" para 2.)"
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The Patriot Act, 2008.
This paper explores the controversy surrounding the Patriot Act, with a focus on its merits.
884 words (approx. 3.5 pages), 8 sources, APA, AU$ 34.95
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Abstract
The paper explains that some people contend that the Patriot Act infringes on the rights of people and gives the government undue power, while others take the position that the Act is essential to protect freedom and increase the nation's security. The paper maintains that while the Patriot Act does have the potential of challenging the freedoms of American citizens, this will only occur if leaders neglect the ethical standards that their duties depend upon. The paper is of the opinion that Americans should not hesitate in their commitment to the Patriot Act.
From the Paper
"The United States Patriot Act of 2001 is viewed as the "most controversial act passed by Congress in modern history" (Abdolian & Takooshain, 2003, p. 1429). This is because the Patriot Act allows government and law enforcement to have greater power over society and those within society to have less privacy, as provided for under the United States Constitution, according to Abdolian and Takooshain (2003) (p. 1429). Yet, the Patriot Act was created in response to the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001. Its purpose was to ensure that the freedom with which terrorists operated in the nation prior to 9-11 would not again threaten the country through new terrorist forces (Toobin, 2002, p. 1501)."
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Illegal Immigrants and Healthcare, 2008.
This paper discusses the impact illegal immigrants have on American healthcare.
1,283 words (approx. 5.1 pages), 6 sources, APA, AU$ 47.95
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Abstract
The paper contends that healthcare being provided to illegal immigrants is generating financial strains on the system, as well as bringing about an influx of contagious diseases into the country. The paper provides statistics that show how the costs of providing healthcare to illegal immigrants is becoming prohibitive. The paper posits that the only effective solution is to require proof of citizenship before providing healthcare and to prohibit it to illegal immigrants except in emergency situations, with deportation once they recover.
From the Paper
"According to Padden (2006) an immigration reform bill introduced in the U.S.Congress by Congressman Tancredo of Colorado would make it a crime to provide health care or other social services to illegal immigrants. Tancredo acknowledges the complex moral and ethical issues involved in prohibiting healthcare, but contends that "denying social services to them is something you have to do to stop the magnet effect that all of these combined things have, the health care, free schooling. This is all a magnet that draws people into this country and I'm trying to demagnetize it." Tancredo's bill has not been passed into law as of yet, but there is increasing support in Washington and across the United States for tough legislation of this kind, for the problem of illegal immigrant healthcare costs keeps intensifying."
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"One Dead in the Attic": A Review, 2008.
A review of "One Dead in the Attic" by Christopher Rose.
1,178 words (approx. 4.7 pages), 1 source, MLA, AU$ 43.95
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Abstract
This is a review of Christopher Rose's book: "One Dead in the Attic" - written after Hurricane Katrina, in which people tell their story in their own words and in their own way. This reviewer feels that the way in which the victims of Katrina are allowed to share their experience is what makes "One Dead in the Attic" a unique and historical account of actual events.
From the Paper
"Christopher Rose is a newspaper reporter and through his own definition of his professional life he was inconsequential in his reporting of the goings on of glamorous people. Hurricane Katrina altered not only the course of his professional life it changed his character--the fibers of his being that made him who he was before August 29th, 2005. And me how did it change me--it made me grateful. Like all people I live in a bubble that encapsulates my family, friends and work. I watch the news from afar--it doesn't really penetrate my being unless it affects me personally. I am not from Southern Louisiana and I have never had to come together with my community to save my life. I feel I am a good representative of the people of the world that watched and made a conscious choice whether or not to help. Christopher Rose acted without thinking--he reacted to the crisis of Southern Louisiana and became one of the regions voices. Time has not quieted him--he has not walked away of forgotten the people of Southern Louisiana--he is still the people's voice. His book is filled with the voices, laughter, screams and cries of the people of Southern Louisiana."
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Terrorism and Conflict Theory, 2008.
This paper discusses terrorism as a subject of criminology and conflict theory.
2,064 words (approx. 8.3 pages), 10 sources, MLA, AU$ 70.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses that terrorism is a methodology that belongs to military science in a collection of techniques, but terrorism is included under the category of criminology in library cataloguing systems. The writer notes that terrorism can be well understood through the approaches of criminology, however, conflict theory seems best equipped to explain terrorist organizations and acts, depending upon circumstances, for reasons that are explained in the paper's later sections. The writer concludes that like well planned crimes, incidents of terrorism often do work, as a set of considerations to be kept in mind before denouncing crime or terrorism, or acts of terrorism as mere random crimes which they are not.
Outline:
Introduction
Classical Theory and Terrorism
The Consensus School and Terrorism
Conflict Theory and Terrorism
Conflict Theory, Sri Lanka and Tamil Terrorism
Concluding Remarks
From the Paper
" If one traces the rise of modernity from the Industrial Revolution, capitalist development and the ideas of the Enlightenment, one appreciates classical models of criminology to assert that deviance was a natural result. Since human beings are rational creatures, they should have and will demand rights and freedoms, eventually. The deviant person asserts his or her rational self-interest due to a particular form of 'free thought' and agency that we discuss as deviant and thus, criminal, because it departs from a society's legal framework and moral standards. This classical approach has replaced earlier ideas of the criminal as a person acting under supernatural influence, as in medieval ideas of the criminal as a person possessed by the devil. Instead, crime came to be seen as a rationally calculated action with the result that reducing crime meant deterrence, in approaches based on how the deviant could be dissuaded from committing a crime, its penalty helping a criminal to see that a planned crime was not rational or appealing because of its risks. Further thought moved from a concept of the punishment fitting the crime, proportional to the harm done to society, or a specific victim."
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Infanticide: Overview and Analysis, 2008.
The author of this paper discusses both the social consequences of infanticide in traditional third world countries and the social acceptability of neonatal euthanasia in Western cultures.
1,780 words (approx. 7.1 pages), 8 sources, APA, AU$ 62.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the social consequences that will result in traditional third world countries from gender imbalance due to a bias in male children, sex-selective abortion and female infanticide. Furthermore, the paper discusses the modern Western issue of the killing of infants who suffer from incurable illnesses. Specifically, the paper assesses the social acceptability of some nations in Western Europe that have in recent years attempted to enact legal protocols for neonatal euthanasia, by which the most severely ill infants may legally be killed following consultation between physicians, parents, and authorities.
From the Paper
"In contrast to the problem of mass, sex-selective infanticide in traditional cultures, in the West the issue of the killing of infants who suffer from incurable illnesses has recently arisen. It is important to clearly distinguish such euthanasia from infanticide proper, although opponents of such euthanasia are likely to argue that the distinction is not valid ("Outrage," 2004). In fact, euthanasia of both the elderly, the incurably ill, and infants (especially newborns) with incurable illnesses has taken place as long in Western nations as it has in other cultures, but only in recent years has it become a matter of controversy. One example of the controversy coming into a public debate is in the Netherlands, where in 2002, medical doctors from the University of Groningen working in cooperation with state prosecutors worked out what has come to be known as the Groningen Protocol, a set of guidelines for physicians treating severely ill infants who may not be capable of survival. According to these laws, physicians, in consultation with the infant's parents, social workers, and prosecutors, have the prerogative of making a decision concerning euthanasia in select and clearly limited situations. Of approximately 200,000 children born in the Netherlands annual, it is estimated that 600 of the most severely ill may be subject to physician-assisted euthanasia (Verhagen & Sauer, 2005). Whether this new attitude toward neonatal euthanasia will prevail and become more widely accepted remains to be seen."
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