| Papers [289-304] of 2010 :: [Page 19 of 126] | | Go to page : <— 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 —> | |
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Abortion, 2007.
An argument against the legality and morality of abortion.
3,036 words (approx. 12.1 pages), 11 sources, MLA, AU$ 111.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the debate regarding abortion. It begins by defining abortion and discussing the circumstances in which it may come about. The writer presents his personal opinion regarding the abortion debate and then continues to discuss the many legal and ethical arguments against abortion. The paper concludes that there is strong case against abortion because it is immoral.
From the Paper
"Another group of medical opinions against abortion enclose the meaning of life and death. If one set of norms has been used to describe death, could they also be utilized to describe life? Death is described by the pause of heartbeat. A stopped up heart is an obvious sign of death. If the pause of heartbeat could describe death, could the beginning of a heartbeat describe life? In the womb, the heart is developed on the 18th day. If heartbeat were used to describe life, then almost all abortions would be banned. Doctors now employ a more accurate condition for death: brain wave movement. A flat EEG, electroencephalograph is one of the most essential standard used to verify death. If the pause of brain wave activity can describe death, could the beginning of brain wave activity describe life? In the fetus, in about 40-43 days, the individual brain waves are noticed. Utilizing brain wave activity to describe life would prohibit at any rate a number of abortions. (Arguments against Abortion)"
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Surrogate Parenting, 2006.
A discussion regarding the legal and ethical issues and complications surrounding surrogate parenting.
1,017 words (approx. 4.1 pages), 7 sources, MLA, AU$ 44.95
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Abstract
This paper takes a look at the new and emerging reproductive technologies used today to help couples with fertility issues to have children. The paper focuses specifically on surrogate parenting, discussing the legal and ethical issues that can complicate surrogacy.
From the Paper
"The most commonly raised question is: are we not commercialization children by severing the bond between the natural mother and the child? Closely connected to this question are the feelings of the natural mother who might not want to give up the child once he is born. The legal cases in this regard have only further complicated the whole issue. The baby M case is one of the most well known cases of surrogacy parenting in the US. In 1986, Mary Beth Whitehead entered into a contract with Elizabeth and Daniel Stern to bear a child for them using husband's sperm. However when the child was born, Mary Beth refused to give up the custody which resulted in a bitter battle where many legal and ethical questions surfaced. It was decided by the court that while Sterns would keep the child, Whitehead would have visitation rights. This is not something common because it is decided prior to the birth of the child that natural mother would have no contact with him/her. This brings us to the philosophical question: Who exactly is a mother and what precisely is motherhood?"
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The Death Penalty, 2007.
A discussion on the application of the death penalty around the world.
1,519 words (approx. 6.1 pages), 7 sources, APA, AU$ 63.95
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Abstract
This paper explains why the death penalty is a violation of fundamental human rights. It discusses some of the the international treaties against the death penalty. The author also explores its application against children, the mentally retarded and others in countries around the world including the United States.
Outline:
Why the Death Penalty is a Violation of Human Rights?
International Treaties Regarding the Death Penalty
Application of the Death Penalty against Children
Death Penalty for Mentally Retarded & Mentally Ill
Conclusion
References
From the Paper
"In the United States too, the U.S. Supreme Court by a majority decision on March 1, 2005 in Roper v. Simmons held that death penalty for juveniles was "cruel and unusual" and as such the Eighth and Fourteenth Amendments of the US Constitution forbid the execution of offenders who were under the age of 18 when their crimes were committed. (Richey, 2005) The Supreme Court decision has effectively stopped child executions in the USA which had executed more child offenders (a total of 19) than any other country between 1990 and 2003. ("Facts and Figures on the Death Penalty," 2006) The Amnesty International reports that there were four executions of child offenders in 2004 - one in China and three in Iran--and eight child offenders were executed in 2005, all of them in Iran."
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The Eradication of Smallpox, 2006.
This paper discusses the issue of the eradication of smallpox from the perspective of environmental ethics.
940 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 3 sources, MLA, AU$ 41.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the ethical issues associated with the eradication of any naturally occurring element of the environment, including smallpox, concern the unknown ramifications of this action on the planet for eons to come. The author raises the question that if the eradication of one element, such as smallpox, makes sense, what other biological irritants, such as pollen for the millions of allergy suffers, should be eliminated? Where does it stop? The paper concludes that, because the smallpox virus can be considered a catastrophic biological weapon of terrorism, this virus should be eradicated based on the ethical principle of the good of the many.
From the Paper
"Smallpox is a deadly virus that has existed for centuries. In the past, global smallpox epidemics have killed millions of people, and the virus still hangs on, despite extraordinary efforts to eradicate it. One author writes, "By some estimates, smallpox killed as many as 500 million people during the twentieth century alone, and as recently as thirty years ago, it was still at large in over thirty countries." Officially, the disease was eradicated globally in 1977, but some strains of the disease still exist in laboratories."
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Therapeutic Cloning and Biomedical Ethics, 2007.
This paper introduces, discusses, and analyzes the topic of therapeutic cloning in terms of biomedical ethics.
990 words (approx. 4.0 pages), 3 sources, MLA, AU$ 44.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the controversy surrounding therapeutic cloning in light of biomedical ethics. The author argues in favor of therapeutic cloning citing its medical benefits. The opposing viewpoint is also presented. The author concludes, however, that more people need to understand the nuances of cloning, so that it will become more acceptable in the future.
From the Paper
"Cloning is basically the recreation of life in the form of the donor parent. In other words, when you clone a sheep, a pig, or a human, it is an identical twin of the donor. Cloning immediately frightens some people and excites others. It frightens people because it carries the implication that a scientist in a lab somewhere could create human life for his own purposes. That is frightening and ethically challenging. Many religious groups (and others) oppose cloning for the ethical reason that no one should be able to create life but God."
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Stem Cell Research, 2007.
This paper explores the controversial stem cell gene therapy.
2,403 words (approx. 9.6 pages), 10 sources, MLA, AU$ 91.95
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Abstract
The paper looks at the history of stem cell research's introduction to society, the obstacles it has faced in the past, its successes and the controversy that still surrounds it use. The paper examines the medical, societal and financial concerns. The paper contends that as mankind stands on the brink of being able to change the course of history, it is important to understand the ramifications of such advances. The paper is of the opinion that research must be allowed to continue if society hopes to eventually eradicate all possible genetic conditions that cause humans to suffer emotionally, financially and physically. As long as proper precautions are in place to protect the ethics of human life, the author sees no reason not to forge ahead with this exciting new possibility.
Outline:
Introduction
Literature Review
Discussion
Problems
Conclusion
From the Paper
"It was not many years ago that a diagnosis of HIV, Cystic Fibrosis or other conditions meant certain death. Once these diagnosis's were received the goal was no longer to live a long life but to keep the person comfortable as long as possible until eventual demise occurred from the disease itself, or complications of the disease."
"Approximately 20 years scientists began to give serious consideration to the possibility of using gene therapy to thwart the advances of these and other diseases that were proving to be debilitating for those who had them. Initial reaction from society was elation mixed with trepidation when it came to the possible ability to manipulate genes for the purpose of health. While those who had loved ones dying or suffering with disorders that gene therapy could reverse spearheaded drives and cheered on the efforts in developing abilities, others were not as receptive to the idea and referred to the possibility as "playing God". The debates continued even as medical science advanced in the area of therapy and recently developed the ability to manipulate genes through stem cell gene therapy in the quest to halt damage, or completely eradicate disorders with a genetic base."
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"A Modest Proposal", 2007.
An analysis of the essay, "A Modest Proposal", by Jonathan Swift.
1,050 words (approx. 4.2 pages), 1 source, MLA, AU$ 45.95
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Abstract
The paper describes how Jonathan Swift's essay, "A Modest Proposal" achieves success because it is a combination of satire, truth, and compassion. The writer proposes that by operating on these levels, Swift offers what looks like a very logical argument. The paper examines how, with a combination of inductive and deductive reasoning, argument by authority, satire, and his skillful use of words and statistics, Swift pulls a sleight of hand by convincing the reader that his idea is plausible before they even realize what he is actually suggesting. The paper concludes that Swift lets the reader decide for themselves the validity of his modest proposal.
From the Paper
"Through induction, Swift proves that his theory will work because his conclusion is drawn from particular circumstances or facts. This can be seen when he writes about the current economical state in Ireland. He is relying on these facts and does not waver from them at all because he needs them to win his argument. Another way in which Swift successfully achieves his argument is through deduction, or rather, simple reasoning. Again, through satire, Swift is able to introduce a grotesque theory almost painlessly because of how he arranges his argument. For instance, the focal point of Swift's argument relies completely on the negative effect of the hopeless women with their hungry babies on the streets."
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Internet Pop-Ups, 2007.
An in-depth analysis of the legality, morality and social responsibility of Internet pop-up ads.
3,233 words (approx. 12.9 pages), 7 sources, MLA, AU$ 116.95
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Abstract
The paper examines jurisdictional, practical, constitutional and enforcement issues with regards to the phenomenon of pop-up ads on the Internet. The paper also looks at issues governing legal responsibility and issues governing damage. The paper explains that many issues revolve around rights of property, tangible and intangible, freedom of speech and expression and contract law. The paper explores if and how the law can or should be modified to cover these issues. The paper looks at ethical issues and social responsibility. The paper concludes that currently, the law is inadequate as new definitions are needed. The paper is of the opinion that consumers should boycott companies who use pop-up marketing.
Outline:
Introduction
Section II: Legal Issues Defined
Section III: Ethical Issues:
Section IV: Social Responsibility
Section V: Conclusions
From the Paper
"The creation of the Internet issued in a whole new set of legal problems, from the problem of defining property and boundaries to issues of fair use and copyright. There were problems which nobody ever anticipated, because "cyberspace" is not real, but the people at the terminals are, and real damage can be done to Internet users. Heretofore, laws have been tied mostly to tangible items of, at least, estimable tangible value. When there was difficulty placing an absolute value, juries have been empowered to make a decision for the sake of awards. The Internet has brought with it a whole array of issues which are tied to laws which do not apply, or to definitions which do not apply."
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Why Not Eat Meat?, 2007.
A personal discussion on the reasons for being a vegetarian.
1,629 words (approx. 6.5 pages), 4 sources, MLA, AU$ 66.95
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Abstract
This paper begins with a description of farm life as it used to be, where animal and owner live together in harmony. It then explains the author's reasons for being a vegetarian are not due to the killing of the animal for food, but rather due to how the animals are now raised and the quality of their lives. The paper then offers graphic examples of cruelty to farm animals.
From the Paper
"Pigs, for example, are now raised in cement enclosures that can be automatically hosed down. Cement, coupled with a lack of fresh air, promotes an overwhelming stench. Close confines, absolutely no exercise, and overcrowded conditions produce mental illness in pigs. They bite each other's tails and get nasty infections. A pig raised this way is depressed and apathetic and will not fight off another pig that bites into its flesh. The "remedy" is to cut off its tail, but not the whole tail, as you might think. The tail is chopped halfway in order to produce an intensely painful and tender stump. This rouses the pig being bitten to fight off his attacker. Multiply this by several thousand animals all crowded in together, and you start to get the picture (Scully, 2003) of overwhelming proportions."
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Copyright Infringement, 2007.
This paper researches the effects of technology on copyright infringement.
3,694 words (approx. 14.8 pages), 15 sources, MLA, AU$ 127.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how the problem of unauthorized copying and sharing is widespread. The paper reviews the studies carried out on the extent of software piracy, plagiarism and losses suffered by owners of copyrights due to illegal peer-to-peer sharing of music, videos and video games. The paper maintains that software piracy requires action from both software producers and software users. Software needs to be intelligently priced to meet the buying power of potential users. The paper suggests that plagiarism among students in completing their school or college assignment can be minimized by teaching ethics and also by making the plagiarism counter freely available via the Internet.
Outline:
Abstract
Introduction
Scope of this Review Paper
Software Piracy
Plagiarism
Peer to Peer Sharing
Conclusions
Suggestions for Further Work
From the Paper
"Plagiarism is not a new problem. Works of literary masters, copies of famous work of art have always been blatantly copied by unscrupulous people since time immemorial. Worldwide access to intellectual property gave the plagiarists a field day. It became possible to steal ideas, copy intellectual work, complete school assignments without much effort. Technology has developed to identify if a work has been plagiarized but this does not compensate the intellectual property owner."
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Ebay, 2007.
Examines various security and ethical aspects relating to this Internet sales site.
1,076 words (approx. 4.3 pages), 4 sources, MLA, AU$ 46.95
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Abstract
This paper examines several issues pertaining to the running of Ebay, including security, web-design, payment and other ethical factors facing the e-commerce industry today.
Paper Outline:
How Secure Are Electronic Payments?
Success Factors in Designing E-commerce Web Site
Ethical Crisis in E-Business Today
Bibliography
From the Paper
"A web site must provide the user with all the convenience he needs during browsing. This maximizes the real potential of a web site in serving users. A good navigation provided by a web site defines the site's user-friendliness. It involves organized content and easy-to-manage browsing capabilities/features such as the use of menus. Web site designers and developers should place themselves in the customers' shoes to be able to identify and define how the web site should behave."
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Medical Ethics, 2007.
An analysis of the the pros and cons of stimulant therapy for children with ADHD.
1,274 words (approx. 5.1 pages), 6 sources, MLA, AU$ 54.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the relationship between drugs, children and behavioral control. The paper provides an exploratory analysis of the literature currently available with regard to the clinical utility of using stimulant medication to treat children with ADHD. The researcher concludes that more studies are necessary to determine whether children would benefit more from behavioral interventions than from medication treatment.
Table of Contents:
Abstract
Introduction
Background
Current Situational Analysis
Recommendation
Conclusions
References
From the Paper
"During the early 1980s the American Psychiatric Association (APA, 1994) amended the DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for evaluating children with ADHD suggesting that impulsivity and hyper motility were criteria for diagnosing this condition in children (Brogstedt et al, 1998). Borgstedt et al (1998) note that this revision came about resulting from evidence that children with these characteristics often faced problems with associative learning and other deficits that might be addressed through use of stimulant drugs. In the years following mixed results occurred when therapists or health care providers attempted to evaluate the potential benefits of using stimulant medication as a priority or front line treatment for children with ADHD. "
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The Enron Annual Report, 2007.
An analysis of the Enron Annual Report of 2000.
992 words (approx. 4.0 pages), 1 source, MLA, AU$ 44.95
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Abstract
The paper examines the Enron report's sections on ethics, corporate responsibility and the organization's policies. The paper shows how the report was simply a fabrication of the truth, published for the stockholders and board members. The paper relates that if there is anything to be learned from Enron's failure, it is what not to do when rising to the top of the corporate ladder. The paper exhorts all business executives not to take their leadership and power for granted and not to use their power for evil gains.
From the Paper
"This report notes that 2000 marked many changes in the Enron Corporation. They published their first Annual Report, and they even created Corporate Responsibility Task Force. One wonders just what the Task Force actually did, and whether they reported to the Arthur Anderson auditors or Kenneth Lay directly. Whatever they did, they obviously did not accomplish many goals, as the organization's leaders took the company from success to failure in just one short year, and ruined the lives and livelihoods of thousands along the way. If there was any corporate responsibility in reality at Enron, it certainly did not exist at the top, and so, this attempt at placing Enron in a good light is simply a waste of ink and paper."
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Insurance for Respiratory Disease, 2007.
The paper explores the advantages and disadvantages of placing limits on insurance claims for respiratory diseases.
992 words (approx. 4.0 pages), 4 sources, MLA, AU$ 44.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how medical insurance, which is supposed to make medical treatment affordable for the working man, may be becoming unaffordable itself. This is the direct result of some high insurance claims which are sapping the medical insurance system. The paper explains that because the most common causes of respiratory disease are behaviors which the patient chose to engage in knowing that it would be detrimental to his or her health, such as smoking, many people feel that there is an ethical justification to limiting insurance claims for respiratory disease. The paper presents the arguments for and against placing limits on insurance for respiratory problems.
From the Paper
"It would be very hard for doctors to distinguish between patients who suffer from emphysema or chronic bronchitis as a result of a hereditary disease, environmental pollution, or secondhand smoke, and those who suffer from the condition as a result of smoking. Therefore it would be unfair to punish those who unfortunately suffer from the same diseases which are common in people who smoked but these people actually never engaged in smoking themselves."
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Stem Cell Research, 2007.
This paper examines aspects relating to stem cell research.
1,393 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 10 sources, MLA, AU$ 58.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer points out that on March 02, 2006 Rick Weiss reported in The Washington Post that due to the myriad of laws and ethics rules governing human embryonic stem cell research, an international community of scientists, ethicists and others have begun to collaborate on setting out a set of universal principles that will guide stem cell research worldwide. The writer notes that among the emerging principles are that restrictions should be rare, well-justified and flexible, and that scientists should be free to work abroad if research is banned in their own country. Further, the writer discusses that the group is hoping that the principles will, over time, gain widespread acceptance much as did early declarations of human rights.
From the Paper
"In the April 02, 2005 issue of the National Journal, Neil Munro discussed the potential use of stem cells in accelerating the development of new drugs. According to James Battey, chairman of the stem-cell task force at the National Institutes of Health, says that embryonic stem cells could be sued to shorten the drug-development process."
"Munro notes that this is one of several new twists in the long-running debate over stem cells that surfaced as advocates stepped up their promotion of new initiatives in several states that, like the 2004 successful initiative on the California ballot, would pump hundreds of millions of dollars into embryo-cell technologies."
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