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"The Leadership Challenge"--A Review, 2007.
A review of James M. Kouzes and Barry Z. Posner's work on management entitled "The Leadership Challenge."
1,342 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 1 source, MLA, AU$ 73.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews "The Leadership Challenge" which has become a focal work for those who strive to be good leaders or who want to continue to improve their skills. The paper describes the major themes in the book, which include how leaders must motivate others and the importance of human networks. The paper concludes with a discussion of the role of encouragement especially with youth.
From the Paper
"The book is about how leaders go about mobilizing others in order to get "extraordinary things done in an organization" (Kouzes et al xviii). The theme that plays throughout this book is that leaders don't become effective by simply "leading" but in fact they are constantly mobilizing others and motivating others to do great things and to achieve a high level of success in their office, business, or special project. "
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Adolescent Influences, 2007.
An analysis of the factors influencing the ways that adolescents behave.
5,883 words (approx. 23.5 pages), 21 sources, MLA, AU$ 225.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the influences in the lives of adolescents that have a direct impact on how they behave, how they see the world and how they interact within their home, school and community environments. It goes on to discuss which influences have the most dramatic effect on adolescents and discusses possible reasons why this is so. The paper analyzes various articles that examine this subject.
Table of Contents:
Violent Video games
Peer Group Influences (Aggressive Behaviors)
Peer Group Influences (Gifted Students)
Peer Group Influences (Smoking)
The Timing Of Puberty (As An Influence)
Genetic & Environmental Influences
Parenting Influences (On Adolescent Alcohol Use And Impulsive Behaviors)
Family Influences On Detained Adolescents (With Sexually Transmitted Diseases)
Maternal Depression May Produce Adolescent Behavior Problems
Parent-Child Conflict Influences Adolescent Behavior (In Negative Ways)
Risky Parental Behavior (And Adolescent Sexual Activity)
Family Planning Clinics And Adolescents
Boys' Beliefs About Delinquent Behavior
Heterosexual Risk Behavior (Among Urban Adolescents)
Peer Pressure To Be Thin Leads To Suicide
The Influence Of The Internet On Adolescents
From the Paper
"The article continues, indicating that "high levels of conflict and low emotional attachment between parents and children have been associated" with an indifference on the part of adolescents for the "emotional well being of others." What is negative in the home is then transferred to others in school and the community, who often don't understand the origins of the bad behavior. During the developmental period, it is no secret that adolescents spend more time with their peers than their parents. Hence, the acceptability of delinquency becomes easy for adolescents because there is ample time for a process called "deviancy training," Pardini explains. Discussions about rule-breaking are held on a "regular basis," and the validity of these peer conversations is sealed through "shared laughter." The deviancy training is the same thing as what used to be called "bull sessions." Meantime, the beliefs that are learned during deviancy training become more and more at odds with family and parental values."
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"Rosa Lee"--A Review, 2007.
A review of Leon Dash's "Rosa Lee: a Mother and Her Family in Urban America."
4,415 words (approx. 17.7 pages), 6 sources, APA, AU$ 185.95
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Abstract
This paper explores the relationship between Rosa Lee and her daughter, Patty as described in Leon Dash's ""Rosa Lee: a Mother and Her Family in Urban America." Like her mother, Patty is a heroin user as well as a prostitute. The paper traces the reasons for these choices that Patty made and how her relationship with her mother shaped her path. The paper additionally cites research articles which support the belief that the dynamics of family life may significantly contribute to addictive behavior. The reviewer concurs with author Dash by stating the only treatment that will lead to any success with Patty will involve both the use of medication--methadone, most likely--and the establishment of relationships with individuals who do not partake in the use of heroin and do not tolerate its use in her.
From the Paper
" In many cases, and certainly in Patty's case, the dynamics of family life contribute most significantly to the subject's addictive behavior: "Even though its values are largely shaped by the surrounding subculture, the family plays an integral role in shaping the attitudes of its members toward drug abuse," (Schlaadt 12). Typically, family settings within which drug abuse is common or accepted facilitate the spread of that practice to other family members. This was clearly the case in Patty's introduction to heroin. Patty was first exposed to the drug by watching her brother and his girlfriend while hiding in his closet: "After Ronnie pushed the liquid into his vein, she watcher her brother's worried frown change into a look of pleasure. . . . Ronnie refused to inject her that day. But, Patty told me, 'I knew then, "Well, I'm gonna try that one day,"'" (Dash 186). One of the major problems with being introduced to such a serious drug at a young age is that the pain and suffering associated with growing-up in a drug abusing household does not simply end with childhood: "If these children survive, it follows them, particularly if they are girls, into their own adulthood. For example, many of these girls will, themselves, resort to substance abuse in adulthood," (Pagliaro 94). Depression is another major result of such a childhood. This effect can manifest itself in further drug use, or even in attempted suicide. "
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Parental Involvement and Academic Achievement, 2007.
This paper examines the link between parental involvement in children's schooling and their academic success.
804 words (approx. 3.2 pages), 4 sources, MLA, AU$ 46.95
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Abstract
The paper relates that the level of parental involvement in children's schooling has always been intuitively accepted as being positively associated with academic achievement and high test scores. The paper examines relevant studies and shows how the forms of parental involvement that are most beneficial to the students remain mostly unexplored by most of the current literature. The paper maintains that studies should be conducted isolating precisely what parental habits most strongly correspond with high grades. The paper points out that although the signs are somewhat compelling that parenting style may be more influential than mere parental encouragement, they are not convincing enough to make a definite conclusion.
From the Paper
"An article published by Suet-Ling Pong investigates the variances along the lines of the structure of the household. Pong notes that, "Growing proportions of children in the United States reside with a single biological parent, and there are also more children attending schools where the majority of students are from single-parent families or stepfamilies," (Pong 734). Pong analyzes eighth grade reading and math scores to determine that schools exhibiting a majority of students from single-parent homes statistically score lower on such exams. This trend is found to be true even after the demographic background of the parents is factored in--how far they went in school."
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Media Violence and Social Deviance, 2007.
A discussion of the media's influence on behavior.
4,284 words (approx. 17.1 pages), 15 sources, MLA, AU$ 182.95
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Abstract
This paper addresses the concern regarding media violence and its influence or potential influence on behavior. A literature review comprises most of the paper, with the author citing numerous studies that evaluate the impact of television and movies on youth. The majority of researchers agree that exposure to media violence results in aggressive behavior and desensitization. The paper further describes how access to violent Internet sites may impact young people. Also considered is the link between viewing violent television and movies and acts of sexual aggression.
From the Paper
" According to Potter, the differences in definitions lead to a problem of ecological validity, which can make the public distrustful of the results of scientific research studies. For example, from a scientific view point, cartoons such as the Road Runner and Bugs Bunny are very violent, in fact, cartoons are consistently rated as the most violent of all programs on television because the characters are continuously getting "stabbed, shot, hit with heavy objects, blown up, rocketed into the sky, and flattened into the ground," however the characters always recover and never die (Potter). Therefore, social scientists who make strong statements about the harmfulness to children of viewing Tom and Jerry, Road Runner and the Three Stooges put themselves in danger of being regarded as being "fuzzy-headed academics wasting their time with silly research," because the majority of viewers would not regard any of these programs of violent (Potter). Critics who look at this situation conclude that social scientist use poor definitions of violence, and if the results of these studies are viewed as silly by the public, then those findings will not help them make meaningful changes in their children's exposure behavior that could protect them from unwanted effects, and if these findings are not trusted by policymakers, then it is unlikely that they will expend political capital to force changes in programming (Potter). Thus, researchers need to understand more about how the public interprets violence in programming and media scholars must do a better job of highlighting the differences in interpretations and convincing the public about the faulty nature of how it makes its interpretations (Potter)."
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A Family Matter, 2007.
An analysis of the social issues facing a family with a homosexual son.
1,620 words (approx. 6.5 pages), 6 sources, MLA, AU$ 84.95
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Abstract
This paper introduces, discusses and analyzes the topic of sociology and the family. Specifically, it discusses the potential issues facing a family that has a homosexual son. The paper discusses social issues for the family, such as condemnation from the religious and political communities, possible sanctions from the school district after complaints from parents, issues with the younger children from schoolmates and teachers and many other issues related to the community and support.
From the Paper
"In conclusion, in a perfect world, the sexual orientation of a prominent person's child should not matter in the overall scheme of things. However, in our world, which is far from perfect, it is an important sociological matter to some people. If the parents are loving and supportive, their own unit will probably remain intact and even grow stronger. Outside forces could create many sociological impacts on the family, from censure to even loss of careers. In addition, the altering of values inside the family may pave the way for sociological change in the family members in the future. As sociologist Noble states, "Today most people continue to spend most of their lifetime in nuclear family relationships though they undergo continuing changes in their aspirations and expectations as the structural and demographic circumstances of their lives change" (Noble, 1998). Thus, the two young children in the family may create families of their own that differ from the makeup of their own family, and recognize the diversity of society and family members. The sociological implications of the problem are many, and the family will have to weather them to stay together and nurture each other."
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Systems Theory, 2007.
A brief discussion of the psychological theory known as systems theory.
846 words (approx. 3.4 pages), 4 sources, MLA, AU$ 49.95
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Abstract
This paper illustrates the psychological theory known as systems theory by discussing the case of a 14-year old boy who murdered his sister. The author gives an explanation of this murder in terms of systems theory, which is based on family social hierarchy and role. Also presented is a list of assumptions based on systems theory that is useful for understanding the behavior of the 14-year old. The paper concludes showing the boy's lack of appropriate role models and self-understanding, which may have lead him to commit such a violent act.
From the Paper
"Systems Theory is very helpful for understanding the behavior of this 14-year old boy. In the family, the vertical or hierarchical subsystem is that of the parents; siblings represent the horizontal subsystem for the children. Also, according to Systems Theory, "The family is a bounded system in interaction with its environment. Within the family boundary are its members and their roles, norms, values, traditions, and goals, plus other elements that distinguish one family from another and the social environment (Longres, 1990, p. 274). Within a normal family boundary, a child learns appropriate rules or input about who does what with whom. And, an open system with flexible boundaries is supposed to facilitate the throughput that will allow the child to process the output in a useful way. When all goes as expected the output should be some degree of appropriate conduct. And, an open system is in constant interaction with the child's environment, providing feedback to allow the child to make adjustments in behavior as required."
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The Impact Of Alcoholism On The Family, 2007.
An analysis of the effects of alcoholism on children in the family and the role of rehabilitation.
5,743 words (approx. 23.0 pages), 14 sources, MLA, AU$ 222.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the impact of alcoholism on members of the alcoholic's family, particularly children in the family. The paper looks into the social and psychological implications of this disease. It presents interviews that were conducted with individuals who have experienced alcoholism within their families. The paper also discusses the role of rehabilitation programs and their effectiveness.
Table of Contents:
Research Methods
General Description of Interest
Description of Interview Participants
Methodology And Collection Of Data
Results
Theme Patterns
Key Points
Background : Literature Review
Conclusions and Recommendation
Epiphanies
Connections
Recommendations
From the Paper
"A central reason for this approach is that the research and study of the problem and the responses of the interviews are strongly indicative of the fact that the family suffers as a whole and not just the alcoholic. Therefore intervention strategies need to include all members of the family. The second reason for this suggested approach goes to the very heart of the results of this study. In understanding alcoholism in the family one cannot separate the alcoholic from the family milieu. This refers to the insights gleaned from the interviews and literature that the only truly effective therapy and rehabilitation would be one that includes the entire family. Alcoholism in the family is often a complex result of many factors that involves and relates to all family members. This complexity of the interactions and connections between the family members should be taken into account towards a more integrated and comprehensive way of dealing with this serious problem."
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"A & P" Analysis, 2006.
A review of the short story "A & P" by John Updike.
1,073 words (approx. 4.3 pages), 1 source, MLA, AU$ 60.95
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Abstract
This paper introduces, discusses and analyzes the short story "A & P
by John Updike. According to the paper, "A&P" is a very short story depicting teen rebellion. The paper reports that it is the images and interesting characters that make the story memorable.
From the Paper
"The conflict in the story is Jim's argument with his boss. He says, "You didn't have to embarrass them," and his boss replies, "It was they who were embarrassing us" (Updike 195). It is a very basic conflict between authority and freedom, and Sammy chooses freedom, because he knows that elementarily he is right. The girls caused no harm, and there was no need to call further attention to them. However, Sammy's conflict with his manager is much more permanent than the girl's conflict. They are already gone and forgotten, while Sammy is not, and may regret his hasty decision. In fact, he thinks to himself at the end of the story, "[M]y stomach kind of fell as I felt how hard the world was going to be to me hereafter" (Updike 196). Sammy has learned a lesson from his rebellion, while it is questionable that the girls learned anything at all. Thus, the conflict has ended for them, but it will certainly continue for Sammy, which is part of the theme of the story, as well."
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Grandparenting Resource Centers, 2007.
An analysis of the benefits of United States bill, Assembly 3014, which aims to establish a 'Grandparenting Resource Center Pilot Program.'
2,800 words (approx. 11.2 pages), 12 sources, MLA, AU$ 134.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses United States bill, Assembly 3014, and identical Senate 435, which aims to establish a 'Grandparenting Resource Center Pilot Program' to cater to grandparents who are raising their grandchildren. The paper presents the current situation for grandparents caring for their grandchildren and discusses what the new bill hopes to achieve. The paper presents the writer's opinion on the subject.
From the Paper
"The supporting evidence continues to be astounding however, it is evident by the fact that legislation has still not passed in eight years that there are enough people that do not believe that this particular problem has a need strong enough or worthy enough to be considered. There are individuals that believe programs will not be effective. However, this has already been denied by the effectiveness of the Kinship program, which proves that the programs are effective and quite necessary. Therefore, it leads one to wonder if it then becomes a issue of status, considering the fact that most supporting data reports that most homes in which the grand parent is the provider for grandchildren is predominant among minority groups. Regardless the numbers cannot be ignored."
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Head Start, 2007.
This paper discusses the program for children, Head Start, and looks at whether it works.
1,194 words (approx. 4.8 pages), 3 sources, MLA, AU$ 65.95
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Abstract
Head Start is thought of today as one of the most successful experiments in public programming that has ever been created and implemented in the United States to help children. Head Start has a 30+ year tradition of helping prepare children for school and is especially focused on children in the noted socioeconomic high risk category for failure in school - those who are considered to be living in poverty or below. The program is available in most areas on a sliding scale to those who exceed the federally determined poverty line.
The writer concludes that the long-term effects of the implementation of Head Start and Early Head Start seem to give an indication of success, as the children attending programs do prove better prepared for school.
From the Paper
"Previously the fundamental issues of poverty were considered a problem among adults, that would be solved by helping those adults and their children would then be helped in turn through their parent's success. The fundamentally flexible manner in which programs were overseen and conducted during the time allowed a great deal more opportunities for change, than they do currently.
Shriver had an inherent interest in helping children, through his own and his wife's professional histories and Shriver also believed that poor children were a much more appealing cause to the general public, as they could not be accused of laziness or bad behavior and would likely not be a target for complaints with regard to the problems that the CAP program initially experienced. After a little more research, Head Start was then begun to prepare children for school through programming and structures that teach pre-reading skills and classroom expectations. Shriver structured and implemented the program after one he had visited that had been previously funded by the Kennedy Foundation."
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Advertising and Children, 2007.
A description of the effect of advertising on children.
1,785 words (approx. 7.1 pages), 6 sources, APA, AU$ 92.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how advertising influences children and ultimately may impact purchasing decisions in a household. The author describes how different techniques are used in creating advertisements geared for children rather than adults. Lego's current advertising strategy for one of its products is used as an example. Additionally, a psychological study is used to confirm the best advertising methods for targeting children, and how these methods are incorporated into Lego's campaign. The author concludes that media-saturated children and parents who cannot say no have created a marketing opportunity for toy companies.
From the Paper
"The study concluded: "advertising directed at adults, for adult products, tends to aim at building brand loyalty, focusing on product characteristics that are perceived to be of long-term value. On the other hand, children's products must be updated frequently, reflecting the latest theme or character in order to grab attention. Advertising aimed at children does not focus on brand loyalty, but on the new and exciting features and tie-ins that are available."(Briesch, Bridges, & Kim, 2004) This study did not focus on children's products, but on all products in the household in general, noting that even in terms of decisions like eating out, buying breakfast cereals and toothpaste, and other decisions that affect the health habits of the entire household, children have a powerful influence. This influence is magnified, however, with products that are exclusively used by the child, perhaps because the parental will is less stalwart when dealing with products that are child-exclusive."
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ESL and Poor Achievement, 2007.
This paper looks at the problem of poor academic achievement amongst students who speak English as a second language (ESL).
850 words (approx. 3.4 pages), 3 sources, MLA, AU$ 49.95
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Abstract
This work reviews three articles about the problem of poor academic achievement in the early grades amongst children who speak English as a second language. The writer looks at the work of William Armaline and David P. Levy entitled: "No Child Left Behind: Flowers Don't Grow in the Desert". The writer then discusses a RAND Reading Study Group report which addresses related issues. Finally, the writer looks at a study conducted by Nonie Lesaux on a group of 30 ESL children in Vancouver. Potential research as to the appropriate method including the rationale is discussed.
Outline:
Research Objective
Introduction
Research Design
Armaline & Levy 2005 - NCLB & Failure For Provision
RAND Reading Study Group (RRSG) - Failure To Prepare
Surprising Results - Lesaux & Thirty Languages ESL Base
From the Paper
"The first step in conducting a review of available literature is choosing appropriate literature of an academic and peer reviewed nature such as material published in academic journals or publications. For the purpose of this review three such articles have been chosen."
"RESEARCH DESIGN
This material will be reviewed in the nature of a 'qualitative' research study. The 'qualitative' method of research is one that is referred as a secondary analysis and one that is interpretive in nature."
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Effects of War, 2007.
A discussion of the effects of war on families with particular emphasis on psychological damage.
1,760 words (approx. 7.0 pages), 4 sources, MLA, AU$ 90.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the disastrous consequences of war, with an emphasis on its effect on the family. In particular, the author explores the reactions and lasting impact of loss on children. The author's viewpoint is very clearly anti-war. The paper sees war as a vicious cycle which continuously promotes further armed conflicts, such as terrorism. The paper concludes by citing the traumas and deficiencies of war, and their unpredictable and disastrous effects on the entire family, most especially the children.
From the Paper
"War occurs for a number of reasons and perspectives as the number of people involved in a conflict (Bargo 2005). A peace treaty may officially end a war and military operations may cease, but the effects of a war cannot be erased from the soldiers' and civilians' consciousness. The impacts of a war reach far and wide and expand outward indefinitely. The impress can and is often indelible and haunting. The true victims of a war are the very real and very fragile men, women and children, whose wounds cannot be healed by ensuing peace treaties or truces. The raw emotions from the effects of war are difficult to process and linger through life even after peace has been established. These effects should be considered just as much as the dollars or other motivations, which inspire the declaration of a war (Bargo)."
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Juvenile Delinquency, 2007.
An analysis of the factors contributing to juvenile delinquency in the United States and possible solutions to the problem.
3,593 words (approx. 14.4 pages), 27 sources, MLA, AU$ 161.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the issues of juvenile delinquency in the United States and suggests that there are various surveys and reports that show clearly that the number of juvenile offenders is increasing. The paper discusses the possible reasons for this increase, as well as its implications. It then discusses environmental, social and cultural issues related to juvenile delinquency. Finally, the paper concludes with solutions and preventative measures for the problem.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
What is Delinquency
The Importance of this Topic
General Causes and Conditions of Juvenile Delinquency
Environmental, Social and Cultural Issues
Solutions and Preventative Measures
The Role of Social Work in Juvenile Delinquency
Summary and conclusion
From the Paper
"The issue of juvenile delinquency is a problem that is related to a wide complex of sociological, cultural, economic and psychological issues. There are many variables within society that impact on the development and the effects of delinquent behavior. The research on this subject reveals that among these various factors, the influence of peers and the family on the early development in children are of primary importance. Neither can one discount important factors such as economic conditions and environment as major aspects in the development of juvenile delinquency."
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Ethnic Identity Development, 2007.
This paper examines the identity development of ethnic minority adolescents.
1,002 words (approx. 4.0 pages), 8 sources, MLA, AU$ 57.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how adolescence is a crucial stage in life for the formation of identity. The paper shows how important it is for differences among ethnically diverse adolescents to be understood and addressed by influential figures in their lives, such as parents, teachers and clinicians. The paper examines the relationships between ethnicity and identity status and the effect that parents have on the identity development of Latino and African-American adolescents.
From the Paper
"As cited by Torres (2004), the 2000 census reported a dramatic increase in Latinos in the United States, making them the largest minority group in the nation. Between the years 1990 and 2000, the Latino population in the United States increased by 57.9%, which was the greatest increase of any ethnic or racial group in the United States. This dramatic increase results in a more diverse population, including that observed among adolescents in school and community settings. Therefore it is important that appropriate and effective resources be available for ethnically diverse adolescents in order to facilitate healthy identity development."
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