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The Canadian Italian Migration, 2007.
This paper describes various stages of the migration of Italians into Canada.
2,660 words (approx. 10.6 pages), 10 sources, MLA, AU$ 99.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the Italian immigrants migrated in various waves of various sizes throughout the last century. The author points out that the early wave of Italian immigration, mostly crossing from the U.S., virtually ceased at the start of World War I and did not pick up again until the late 1920s. The paper relates that, during the 1920s, Italian immigration to Canada expanded so rapidly that Mussolini, the fascist dictator in Italy, attempted to halt immigration completely. The author states that, just prior to World War II, Canada began to curtail or even roll back immigration. The paper stated that, following Italy's entry into World War II, hundreds of Italian men were interned in camps while their families were left to fend for themselves. The author concludes that, continuing after WWII, the large number of Italian immigrants was largely responsible for providing Canada with the necessary labor and tax pool it required to re-establish its economic activity.
From the Paper
"The result was that by the 1960s Italian culture and heritage, sometimes with the assistance of Hollywood in America, became vogue to some degree. This period of consolidation allowed a new era of commerce where Italian markets, delis, and stores flowered across Toronto, Quebec and other regions where the Italian population was significant. One important factor during this era of consolidation was that Italian immigration virtually reached a standstill by the late 1960s. Italy had managed to substantially rebuild its post-War economy and the mass immigration out of the country ceased with the rebirth of its own robust economic growth in tandem with a healthy tourism industry."
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Women's Suffrage Movement in Canada, 2007.
An analysis of the role of Canadian women in the social reform movement from 1870 to 1921.
2,688 words (approx. 10.8 pages), 10 sources, MLA, AU$ 100.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the role of Canadian women in the social reform movement during the time period 1870-1921. The paper focuses on the role that Canadian women played in achieving social reform with regard to winning the vote for women. It explains that suffrage is the focus of the paper, because, it is argued, once women had a political voice, other social reforms for women (such as the right to work, or the right to work for equal pay) could more easily follow. The writer then looks at how suffrage may be seen as the fundamental social reform that paved the way for the continuing reform of social conditions, and more especially for the continuing reform of social conditions for women. The writer also strongly asserts that it is also important to see it within the context of what women saw as important aspects of social reform, such as combating problems associated with industrialization and urbanization. The writer notes that while the suffrage movement was impacted by larger historical factors, such as the First World War, ordinary Canadian women played an important role in the fight for votes for women.
From the Paper
"These missionary groupings were the most common alliances in the 1870s and 1880s, but these decades also saw the rise of somewhat more secular organizations, such as The Woman's Christian Temperance Union. These organizations have been described as "testaments to women's growing awareness of social, and particularly urban, problems" (Strong-Boag 89). Women hoped to work within these organizations to rehabilitate the degenerate and the poor - reflecting the common assumption that women were the morally superior sex (Strong-Boag). Indeed, many historians agree that the suffragists justified their fight to penetrate the public sphere by the argument that as women were morally superior, their presence in the public sphere would benefit society, due to the fact that the public sphere would be improved by the influence of what were seen as women's traditional virtues (Bacchi)."
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Oppression, 2008.
A discussion of the forms that oppression can take and how it affects those who are oppressed.
1,239 words (approx. 5.0 pages), 1 source, MLA, AU$ 53.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses issues of oppression, such as marginalization and violence. It looks briefly at the example of Jews in Nazi Germany and the oppression that they faced. The paper then discusses the forms of oppression that are found today in Canadian society and how it impacts the people who are oppressed. Lastly, the paper looks at the issues of oppression with regards to nursing and the writer discusses her own experiences with the problem.
From the Paper
"The first essential point of being able to distinguish the various forms of oppression is to be able to identify oppression. In the case of nurses, for example, it can be very difficult to realize that oppression is taking place at first because it is subtle and it systemic (Young 34). Systemic oppression is not easily identified; with Native people, their present marginalization can be interpreted in terms of the way society is structured or the status quo. Among many groups such as nurses, their experience of oppression is not reported because they are uncertain that they are even being treated unjustly. In order for feminists to effectively deal with the issue of oppression and to eradicate it, they must know where the barriers and institutional forces are located that cause oppression. Not all groups are affected to the same degree or in the same way by oppression."
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The Canadian Auto Industry, 2007.
This paper describes a troubled Canadian automobile industry despite government support.
2,265 words (approx. 9.1 pages), 15 sources, MLA, AU$ 88.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the liberal Ontario government has developed an industrial strategy to stimulate investment to auto companies in the province. The author points out that this strategy is designed to promote competitiveness and train workers in Ontario's larger auto companies. The paper states that, instead of actually contributing to innovation or the competitiveness of the province's auto industry or to create new jobs, existing companies, like Valiant Corporation, can grab millions from the government simply by suggesting they might leave for a different jurisdiction. The author stresses that Canada does not actually compete in the global auto industry; instead, much of its auto industry is what is called "intra-corporate" trade within its branch plants associated with their much larger counterparts in the United States. The paper concludes that the main competitive threat faced by Canada is simply real competition itself within a free trade environment.
From the Paper
"One example of this tendency can be seen in the free trade agreements that Canada has signed with the United States. In fact, these are managed or regulated trade agreements that, while they open U.S. markets to Canadian industry and vice versa, essentially protect the status quo and guard Canada against the competition of industries in Europe and Asia. Thus, in a paradoxical way, the free trade agreements such as the North American Free Trade Agreement can be seen as a competitive advantage for the Canadian auto industry in the global market as they protect this Canadian industries preferential access to its primary market while keeping the threat of foreign auto industry competition (i.e., non-North American) at a distance."
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Canadian Best Practices Portal, 2008.
A critical analysis of the case study "Best Practices Portal for Health Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention" by D. Angelis et al.
2,212 words (approx. 8.8 pages), 4 sources, APA, AU$ 85.95
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Abstract
The paper examines the report of the Public Health Agency of Canada that offers an explanation of the Canadian "Best Practices Portal for Health Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention". The paper discusses the Portal's suggestion of national guidelines for preventative medicine and looks at the three stages of adopting the Portal. The paper points out the limitations of this report. The paper concludes that this study can be recommended as a basic overview of what the Health Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention Portal is said to achieve.
Outline:
Introduction
The Role of Physicians or other Professionals?
Managed-Socialized Medicine
Implementation
A Very Large Project
What is Missing
Concluding Remarks
From the Paper
"This report of the Public Health Agency of Canada (2006) offers an explanation of the Canadian Best Practices Portal for Health Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention, an impressive phenomenon when one remembers a vast Canadian area of health providers contending with diverse population groups in several provincial systems. The reader sees the achievement to which the authors refer but will have many questions about what is being undertaken and especially in the Portal's orientation of population medicine. The tone of the study is rather self-congratulating in terms of what contributors to the Portal for Health Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention have created. The early sections are a rationale of the Best Practices approach, why Canadian physicians and others who work in community health need the Portal, and with population medicine defined as medicine referring to the population, i.e. the society, as opposed to the individual. (Portal:2006:5) The early development of the Portal project to standardize some general medical practice is noted, the emphasis on preventative medicine cum health promotion described as thought it will always offset future disease, again, across a population. Population medicine is less geared to the individual, the Portal project study says, as though this is a breakthrough of some kind."
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"Pedestrianizing" Urban Areas, 2008.
An argument for the "pedestrianization" of urban areas in Vancouver.
864 words (approx. 3.5 pages), 4 sources, MLA, AU$ 38.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the importance of child friendly spaces in urban areas. It suggests that children and other pedestrians are often not taken into account when planning urban areas. The paper argues that Commercial Drive in the Grandview Woodlands Park Area of Vancouver, BC should be "pedestrianized" and vehicular traffic should be diverted from the area. The paper briefly describes the benefits of such a move.
From the Paper
"I would argue that these youthful rebels are correct - the space occupied by vehicular traffic on Commercial Drive should be allocated to children, youth and other residents. The No. 20 bus could easily be diverted to run on Victoria Drive for the section of road between Venables and 1st Avenue - or possibly even as far as Broadway. This should make the entire area a true children's paradise, where children could wander safely, without fear of traffic. It would also reduce the pollution that currently sails into the park and the schools, polluting the lungs of children. And it would facilitate the interaction of younger and older residents in a stress-free environment. The street could be converted into a park-cum-public space. All in all, Commercial Drive should be pedestrianized to create a much-needed public space for all local residents, thus facilitating inter-generational contact, and making the area safer and healthier for children."
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Homelessness in Toronto, 2007.
This paper examines homelessness in Toronto within the context of the different definitions for the term "community" and proposes ways to reduce homelessness in this city.
1,725 words (approx. 6.9 pages), 8 sources, MLA, AU$ 69.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the homeless community can be seen as a community because they are people trapped in a common cycle from which they would like to escape, with common interests in finding shelter and adequate food, which often compels them to act in unison performing petty crime as a means of survival. The author points out that, if the burgeoning homeless problem in Toronto is not addressed, then the community of Toronto will start to see an increase in crime and movement out of the areas populated by homeless people thus creating impoverished pockets within the city. The paper recommends that funds, which have been earmarked for homeless shelters and other programs should be spent rather than be languishing somewhere because of bureaucratic red-tape. The author suggest that this money should be invested in re-training programs and the conversion of brown fields areas into affordable housing condominiums for the working poor.
From the Paper
"Toronto's homeless situation can also be looked at by looking at Marxist definitions of what a community is - or, more precisely, what it is not. For instance, those academics who subscribe to Marxist theory maintain that communities are manifestations of the class dialectic; in other words, communities are organized in such a way as to ensure the exploitation of some by others at the same time as they reveal the inequalities present in a capitalist society. While this assessment of the community can be dismissed as unduly cynical and extreme, there is little doubt that Toronto is a city of extremes."
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Ending Homelessness, 2008.
This paper looks at the issue of homelessness in a social science analysis.
1,107 words (approx. 4.4 pages), 4 sources, APA, AU$ 48.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that the issue of homelessness is one that has been of pre-eminent concern in Canada, and indeed in much of the industrialized world in recent years. This paper attempts a positive or social science analysis of this issue, exploring not only the nature of the problem but also the state of critical debate among both social scientists and policy makers on the best avenues to address this matter. The writer argues that in order to address this problem one must detach homelessness from its historic connotations with anti-social disorder traditionally addressed through police authorities, and recognize the issue as a convergence of economic and social determinants.
From the Paper
"This fact has led many social scientists studying the problem of homelessness to argue that it is not so much a criminal problem, i.e., associated with drugs or anti-social activities, as primarily a matter of housing economics. While it must be acknowledged that a variety of factors contribute to homelessness - from changing patterns of employment and cyclical economic trends to the deinstitutionalization of the mentally ill - the scholarly consensus seem to be that the most important structural cause of homelessness is the lack of affordable housing in urban areas. The current situation represents the culmination of a process that has been ongoing in North America for decades.."
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Canadian Auto Industry, 2007.
This paper is an in-depth analysis of the Canadian auto industry from the perspective of government policy.
2,285 words (approx. 9.1 pages), 16 sources, MLA, AU$ 88.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the Ontario province government has implemented several strategies to encourage private sector investment in the province's automobile industry. These strategies combine loans and grants that are designed to "top up" or encourage the investments of companies in the private sector. The author points out that the ideological underpinning of this strategy is liberal democratic capitalism under which the state is seen as playing a supportive role to industry by absorbing some of the costs associated with industrial growth and development. The paper relates that the cars manufactured in Canada are not intended to compete in the global marketplace but rather almost entirely in the U.S. as intracorporate trade in the form of parts and assembly for different plants of the same company on different sides of the Canada-US border. The author points out that the Canadian competitive advantages are the low value of Canada's currency in comparison to the United States dollar and the various Canada-U.S. trade agreements.
From the Paper
"Globalization has also been recognized by critics of Canadian industrial policy as a threat to Canadian jobs and the economy as a whole, for it is argued that highly paid Canadian workers cannot compete on a globally leveled playing field against much more lowly paid workers in places such as Mexico. While many specialists in the fields of trade and economics have argued that free trade and globalization are essential to foster competitiveness in Canadian industry, it seems likely that there will be some cost to Canada given the historic low competition ranking of Canadian industry when compared with its global competitors."
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Perceptual Biases, 2008.
This paper discusses and compares the issue of bias in the cases of 'Affirmative Action at the University of Selkirk' and 'Portrait of a Canadian Advisor'.
2,380 words (approx. 9.5 pages), 2 sources, MLA, AU$ 90.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that the perceptual biases in the cases of 'Affirmative Action at the University of Selkirk' and 'Portrait of a Canadian Advisor' are different in that the contexts are radically distinct. Further, the writer points out that they are similar in that the perceptual biases in both cases are based heavily upon stereotypes. The writer concludes that in this analysis, one can see how and why the Selkirk and Canadian advisors' cases differ significantly. The writer notes the implications of this for programs to address biases in both contexts.
From the Paper
"A similar perceptual bias based upon stereotypes can be seen in the case of the Canadian advisors. The difference between the biases in this case and the Selkirk case is largely one of context, with the biases being racially/culturally-based with respect to the Canadian advisors while they are gender-based in the case of Affirmative Action at Selkirk."
"This being said, the interesting thing about the Canadian advisor case is how it is similar to the Selkirk case in being not an obvious or overt stereotyping but a more complex and subtle form of bias. The Canadian advisor case consists of two distinct models of the Canadian advisor: one based upon surveys of the advisors themselves and the other based upon field surveys of advisors from their spouses and colleagues. A key difference between these two models illustrates the perceptual biases that these advisors show towards the host countries in which they work."
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Intolerance in Army Nursing Facilities, 2008.
A research proposal, written by a research candidate, for studying racial, ethnic and cultural intolerance in army nursing facilities in Canada.
938 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 2 sources, MLA, AU$ 41.95
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Abstract
This paper presents a project proposal which aims to study racial, ethnic and cultural intolerance in army nursing facilities in Canada. The writer discusses how he would go about conducting his research and discusses the type of questionnaire that he would use. It briefly looks at the reasons why this study is important and describes its budget and time-line. The writer concludes by discussing why he is the appropriate candidate to conduct the research.
From the Paper
"This writer is turning to the Social Sciences and Research Council of Canada because there will undoubtedly be significant travel expenses involved. Most notably, there are no military hospitals in the Greater Toronto Area and several of the nurses to whom I have already spoken indicated that they would be more comfortable with a "face-to-day" interview than with merely answering the queries via questionnaire. Additionally, the expenses incurred from distributing the questionnaire and from computing the results will have to borne by this writer alone. Because of the Council's commitment to academic excellence and to truth-seeking in all areas of Canadian society, I am turning to your organization for support in seeing to it that this important matter is investigated."
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John B. Lee's "The Hockey Player Sonnets: Overtime Edition", 2007.
This paper discuses the ways in which the poems in John B. Lee's book "The Hockey Player Sonnets: Overtime Edition" contribute to the mythology of hockey as a quasi-religion.
1,400 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 3 sources, MLA, AU$ 58.95
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Abstract
This paper argues that the poems in John Lee's "The Hockey Player Sonnets: Overtime Edition" are myths not because they attribute hockey to divine intervention or planning but rather because they contribute to establishing a man--made spiritual world, a religion of hockey for Canada. The author points out that the poems contribute to the mythology of Canadian hockey in that they are a system of hereditary stories, which explains the rationale for social customs and observances. The paper relates that the mythology of hockey is clearly a male mythology even though females have been trying to join it for some time. The author concludes that this idealized world of Canadian hockey is very well mirrored by Lee's poems so that they, in themselves, contribute to the hockey mythology of Canada. The paper quotes some of the poems from this book and analyzes them.
From the Paper
"This is a regrettable state of affairs for all those women who would like to be more included in hockey. However, the fact of the matter is that most mythology has been male - male mythology created by males for other males. Consider the very earliest mythology, Homer's "Odyssey" and "Iliad". Both of these are stories of male endeavours - lyrical hymns to the traditionally male pastimes of war and conquest, rape and pillaging. The only role the women play is to stay home and wait, as Penelope does so very well. The fact that this mythology was exclusively male does not mean it is not mythology."
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Healthcare in Canada, 2008.
This paper discusses why healthcare has become an important issue for Canadians.
785 words (approx. 3.1 pages), 3 sources, MLA, AU$ 34.95
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Abstract
In this article the writer notes that the issue of health care in Canada is an important one for debate because the country operates a health care system that is unique, particularly in comparison with systems of other developed countries. The writer points out that Canada's one-tier system based on publicly funded health care is in stark odds to the two-tier system (of both public and private health care) common to other advantaged countries, such as the United States and Australia. The writer maintains that this in itself has caused contention amongst Canadian proponents for system change even though a number of other issues also play a role in debating the validity and importance of Canada's healthcare system.
From the Paper
"Canada is unusual in that its health care system is wholly publicly funded, whilst the health care services are actually provided by private bodies. Healthcare is a hot issue in Canada, however; although the system appears to be a public one from the outside it is not in reality always so. In Canada, the health care system is paid for primarily by the government; however, at the other end of the spectrum, the government contributes so little to prescription drugs costs, and dental care, which is notoriously expensive.
"It is prudent for governments, researchers, critics and citizens to compare public national systems to those of other countries, not only as a basis for comparison but also in order to establish benefits of altering the existing system, if any positive changes are identified."
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A Two-Tier System of Health Care, 2008.
This paper explains why a two-tier health care system will impact the quality of healthcare provided to the less fortunate.
853 words (approx. 3.4 pages), 3 sources, MLA, AU$ 38.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the drawbacks of the two-tier health care system and uses Australia as an example to show how the introduction of a two-tier system was detrimental to the country's health care industry. The paper explains that in a two-tier health care system, resources and precedence is given to those who have paid for private healthcare. The paper explains how it is inevitable that two-tier health care systems benefit the rich at the expense of the poor and points to America as a perfect example of this. The paper concludes that Canada should retain its one-tier system if it wants to maintain health care privileges for all and not just some citizens.
From the Paper
"A two-tier health care system is a national form that is in place in a number of countries. The two tiers are: 1. the public health care system (which is generally guaranteed for all citizens) and 2. the private health care system. The latter typically is expensive and offers shorter service queues alongside "better" treatment for recipients. The problem with a two-tier system of health care is thus that the public system may not be able to provide adequate healthcare to the less fortunate, as resources and precedence is given to those who have paid for private healthcare."
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Canadian Peacekeeping, 2008.
An analysis of Canada's peacekeeping missions from the point of view of their rhetoric, as well as their reality.
3,382 words (approx. 13.5 pages), 16 sources, MLA, AU$ 120.95
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Abstract
This paper critically examines the deployments of Canadian forces to Somalia in East Africa, to Rwanda in Central Africa and to the former Yugoslavia in the Balkans. It examines these deployments in the context of changes in Canadian policy and models of foreign policy action in the 1990s. The paper argues that while the humanitarian impulse underlying Canadian peacekeeping missions was admirable, in reality the policies justifying its expansion were flawed and the missions destined for operational failure given the inability of the Canadian government to match its rhetoric with financial support and close oversight.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
The Promise of Peacekeeping - The Early 1990s
The Somalia Affair
Somalia as a U.N. Peacekeeping Crisis
Soft Power - Rwanda and the Former Yugoslavia
Conclusion
From the Paper
"It may be argued that this lack of interest in the details and the ground level problems of peacekeeping in the 1990s by the Canadian government - a lack of interest that was juxtaposed with the grandiose rhetoric justifying the government's repeated deployments of over-stretched Canadian forces overseas - explains much of the failures of Canadian peacekeeping during this period. As has been seen, the operational collapse of the Somalia mission was to be mirrored in the inadequacies of the UN peacekeeping response to the Rwandan genocide, and the humiliation and casualties of the Canadian peacekeeping deployment in the former Yugoslavia. In all of these cases, the disconnect between the reality on the ground and the rhetoric of the Canadian foreign policy elite was striking. Given these notable failures, it may be concluded that only when the rhetoric connects with the reality can Canadian military interventions abroad - whether peacekeeping, peacemaking or nation-building - be justified and conducted with any hope of success."
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Newborn Screening for Sickle Cell Disease, 2008.
This paper focuses on the importance of neonatal screening for sickle cell disease.
1,458 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 8 sources, APA, AU$ 60.95
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Abstract
The paper relates that while researchers and the medical field are very concerned about this disease, nurses, other health providers and governments, Ontario's in particular, are not aware of the nature of sickle cell disease. The paper explains the factors that prevent individuals and groups from focusing on sickle cell disease as a significant issue. The paper discusses how neonatal screening identifies people at risk and allows for preventive measures to be taken. The paper shows how this is cost-effective because it will result in high savings for the health care system later on. The paper discusses how advocacy and a major program of health promotion could promote this issue of neonatal screening.
From the Paper
"In comparison with the United States, Canada is inconsistent in relation to newborn screening. Ontario especially is far behind other countries in this type of screening (Eggertson, 2005). Pediatricians, physicians, along with experts in sickle cell disease and thalessemia, are asking for a comprehensive program for newborn screening that will include the 29 treatable conditions recommended by the U.S. advisory committee. This is one area in which health professionals as a whole have failed to lobby, even though it involves primary prevention. Meanwhile researchers are struggling to find assessment tools to identify high risks for sickle cell disease. The issue here is that while researchers and the medical field are very concerned about this disease, nurses and other health providers along with the government - especially the Ontario government - are not aware of the nature of sickle cell disease."
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