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A Chronic Pain Management Program, 2008.
This paper outlines a program that would effectively manage chronic pain and improve functional health outcomes in older adults.
1,859 words (approx. 7.4 pages), 7 sources, APA, AU$ 76.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses a program that is targeted at older adults who suffer from chronic pain, utilizing a combination of therapies that are holistic and address conditions that affect the mind, body and emotions. The paper explains that chronic pain must include issues of loss and stress and this can only be achieved through the use of complementary and alternative interventions. The paper concludes that while there are restrictions on the implementation of this program, its main value is that it incorporates patients who are otherwise excluded, such as those with dementia.
Outline:
Introduction
The Necessity of the Program
The Elements of the Program
Health Teaching
Interventions and Individual Differences
Outcomes of the Program
Conclusion
From the Paper
"A complex continuing care program is intended to provide care for older patients who experience complex medical conditions in a non-acute hospital setting. Complex medical conditions include pain and symptom management, recovery from stroke, along with other chronic medical conditions which impact on patients' physical, emotional, social and spiritual well-being. The program was developed because pain among the elderly is often not adequately treated. When pain in older adults is not effectively managed, there are serious impacts on their physical and psychological functioning as well as on their quality of life (Herr, 2002)."
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Dr. David Snowdon's "Aging with Grace", 2007.
This paper describes and analyzes Dr. David Snowdon's book "Aging with Grace: What the Study Teaches Us About Leading Longer, Healthier, and More Meaningful Lives"
1,520 words (approx. 6.1 pages), 2 sources, APA, AU$ 64.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Dr. David Snowdon's book "Aging with Grace" represents fascinating insights into the nature of health, disease and the factors that define the realities of daily life. The author points out that this book also describes a groundbreaking research project that studied the health vectors shaping the lives of hundreds of Catholic nuns across life-spans of many decades. The paper stresses the critical methodological importance of the sample group because it allowed the researchers to eliminate many of the variables that complicate and undermine studies of aging and Alzheimer's. The author indicates that the advantage of the sample was that the nuns presented the researchers with detailed records of their lives, health conditions, and intellectual capacities (e.g., written autobiographies) for a large population spanning decades.
Table of Contents:
Description
Analysis
From the Paper
"Over the course of twelve chapters, complete with pictures and biographies of many of the participants in the study, the author describes how important such practices as reading and emotional stability are to ensuring that the brain has the capacity to repair or "patch" damage over the course of a long life. As the likelihood of Alzheimer's increases with age, one of the surprising findings of this study is that the symptoms of Alzheimer's (e.g., forgetfulness, dementia) often have little to do with the rate of progression of the disease."
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Nursing Shortage in Ontario, 2008.
This paper discusses the nursing shortage in Ontario and how it creates challenges related to the baby boomer generation.
2,924 words (approx. 11.7 pages), 8 sources, APA, AU$ 110.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses how Ontario will be capable of supporting the needs of the increasing elderly population through the health care system with the existence of the nursing shortage. To address this issue, the writer recommends that a profile of the baby boomer generation be developed that will identify the health care needs of this population. Furthermore, the writer notes that funding, staffing and training must be allotted that will meet these health care needs. The writer maintains that in accomplishing these two steps the nursing issues that are currently impacting the Ontario health care system will be reduced and the health care community can begin to experience a rebirth in the quality of care that is essential to the citizens of Ontario.
Outline:
Key Issue
Decision Sought (Recommendation)
Background
The Recommended Option or Proposed Direction
Impact Statements
Consultation
Legislation Required
Communications Plan
From the Paper
"It should be noted that an effective resolution to this issue must be capable of meeting the needs of the baby boomer generation in an immediate sense. This population is already beginning to retire and to place a significant burden on the health care system. This burden impacts the professional nurse because the nurse is the primary caregiver in most health care environments. It should further be considered that when a nurse is tasked with providing extensive care to multiple individuals within the baby boomer population, that nurse is unable to provide care to other patients that are not being treated for age related illnesses or disease. As this takes place the nurse becomes overburdened in his or her tasks and ultimately the quality of care declines for two specific reasons. First, the nurse is tasked with providing care to the elderly that he or she is not specifically trained to give. Although the nurse may have experience treating elderly patients, it is evident that the needs of the baby boomer generation are different from previous aging populations, and that information is not universally known to all nursing professionals."
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Sleep Disorders in the Elderly, 2008.
An analysis of the causes of sleep disorders, particularly insomnia, in the elderly.
879 words (approx. 3.5 pages), 3 sources, APA, AU$ 40.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses sleep disorders in the elderly and focuses on insomnia. In order to understand the pathogenesis of sleep disorders, the paper begins by describing the normal sleep cycle in a neurophysiological context. It then looks at the causes that may disrupt the normal sleep cycle and discusses the effects of the aging process on sleep disorders.
From the Paper
"In conclusion, sleep disorders such as insomnia can be especially distressful in older adults, particularly the elderly. Aside from the normal circadian drift of the sleep- wake cycle in these individuals, secondary causes can inhibit initiation or maintenance of sleep, particularly chronic diseases and diseases presenting at advanced ages. The use of medications versus non-pharmacologic approaches has been debated, with promising results from clinical trials advocating a non-pharmacologic approach to initiating and maintaining sleep in this population of patients (Sivertsen, Omvik, Pallesen, Bjorvatn, Havik, Kvale et al., 2006). While promising, future studies replicating these results at multiple sites with varied day-night cycles are recommended."
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Elder Abuse, 2008.
This paper discusses the issue of abuse of the elderly population and presents an action plan for increasing awareness of the problem.
750 words (approx. 3.0 pages), 3 sources, MLA, AU$ 33.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that elder abuse is observed at all social, economic and educational levels. The writer discusses that the problem is not only widespread, but is also increasing because of a rapidly aging population. The writer points out that elder abuse occurs in homes for the aged, nursing homes, in extended care facilities, and especially in the community where family members care for aging relatives. The writer maintains that as the government has moved health care more into the community, caregivers who are very often older women are expected to work under the worst possible conditions. The writer notes that elder abuse is a hidden crime and the victims are the most vulnerable people in society.
Outline:
Introduction
Literature Review
Target Group
Implementation
From the Paper
"Research indicates that as many as ten percent of elderly people are abused. Situations of elder abuse do not always have risk factors but, thus far, five risk factors for abuse have been identified. Older people with dementia are more likely to be abused than any other elders because their behavior causes caregiver stress. Social isolation of victims and caregivers increases stress and removes social controls to prevent abuse. Mental illness in the caregiver, especially in combination with substance abuse, is a significant risk factor. Depression in the caregiver, especially if combined with alcohol abuse, is another important risk factor. Dependency is the other significant risk factor. The abuser can be very dependent on the victim for their substantial financial resources."
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An Heirloom, 2008.
A discussion of the emotional and symbolic value of a family heirloom.
1,144 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 0 sources, AU$ 50.95
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Abstract
This paper tells the story of a family heirloom, a ring. It describes this ring, explains its history and describes the writer's feeling towards it, both as an aesthetic object and a symbol of heritage. The writer attempts to describe what, in her opinion, the ring meant to her grandmother. This paper provides an example of an item whose emotional and symbolic value exceeds its material value by far.
From the Paper
"My mother chose the object for this assignment, but when I first examined the requirements exactly the same item came to mind. It is an item that has a history within our family. However, it is important just to the women of the family and in particular to me as I am in possession of it now. The item in question is a ring that belonged to my grandmother, and from the material point of view, it is valuable but not extremely so."
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Psychiatric Nursing, 2008.
A review of two articles regarding the role of psychiatric nurses in the diagnosis and treatment of elderly psychiatric patients.
2,037 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 5 sources, APA, AU$ 82.95
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Abstract
This paper systematically reviews current literature regarding the lead role of psychiatric nurses in the diagnosis and treatment of elderly psychiatric patients. It reviews and discusses two articles for this purpose: "Effectiveness of a Nurse-Based Outreach Program for Identifying and Treating Psychiatric Illness in the Elderly" by P.V. Rabins, B.S. Black, R. Roca, P. German, M. McGuire, B. Robbins et al and "Does a Nurse-Led Mental Health Liaison Service for Older People Reduce Psychiatric Morbidity in Acute General Medical Wards? A Randomized Controlled Trial" by R. Baldwin, H. Pratt, H. Goring, A. Marriott and C. Roberts.
Table of Contents:
Description of the Topic
Search Strategy/ Overview of Search Strategy Findings
Review of Articles
Summary
From the Paper
"These two studies exemplify the need for more improvisation in terms of health care delivery. These two approaches showcase the untapped potential of nursing professionals in the larger setting of public health. In spite of the prevalent shortage of nurses, professional development in terms of role expansion is essential in order to ensure that the profession does not fall into complacency. Both studies are potentially replicable with adjustments made in methodology according to the setting and population in question. It should also be noted that, while the main objective of these studies is treatment efficacy, subsequent studies should also focus on other aspects of health care such as the consequences of missed mental health surveillance (e.g. PATCH). While analyses of some demographic factors in both studies (e.g. ethnicity, marital status, educational attainment) may have magnified or lessened the statistical impact of the interventions, it may be prudent to replicate these studies in similar settings as well as other, needier ones."
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Psychology of Aging, 2007.
An examination of the psychology of aging with reference to models of selection, optimization and compensation (SOC).
1,657 words (approx. 6.6 pages), 18 sources, APA, AU$ 68.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the pall that psychiatric disorders can place over elderly people. It also looks at elderly people's physical abilities with psycho-social determinant. The paper then focuses on the implications for models of "SOC" (selection, optimization and compensation) - in discussions of geriatric patients and what is meant by a normal or 'rational' patient.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
A Transforming Discovery
'Quality of Life'
What is 'Well-Being'?
Concluding Remarks
From the Paper
"Papers referred to in this paper manifesting an SOC approach can be recommended as one means of addressing psychosocial adjustments of old age, but as argued, one becomes aware of how much is ignored in such studies that pertains to the nature of geriatric experience and notably, the likelihood of mental health impairments that may be the most important variables in all adjustment and adaptation. Old age has been approached incorrectly , it is realized, in past assumptions to do with geriatric impairment and decline that do not match with reality, just as indications of impairment and decline have been misdiagnosed towards many missed opportunities to completely realign a patient's experience of old age. Psychologists may or may not have substantial roles to play in improving awareness of depression or sleep disorders as conditions to transform the patient, very often the patient's entire life situation, and with treatment not provided that could produce an entirely new fundamental situation."
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Older Adult Education, 2007.
This paper explores the inclusion of older adults in higher education.
3,777 words (approx. 15.1 pages), 10 sources, APA, AU$ 133.95
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Abstract
The paper provides a summary of the literature recommending the self-directed learning technique for adult students. The paper discusses the history of older adult education and the modern challenges facing older adult students. The paper looks at the self-directed learning theory as well as other approaches to adult learning. The paper examines factors that are instrumental in implementing a successful adult education plan. The paper concludes that despite the undeniable problems facing the inclusion of older adults in higher education, the benefits to the community and individual are irrefutable.
Outline:
Introduction
A History of Older Adult Education
Modern Challenges Facing Older Adult Students
Self-Directed Learning
Other Approaches to Adult Learning
Suggested Teaching Plans
Conclusion: The Future for Older Students
From the Paper
"Historically, the concept of whether or not older adults are an integral part of the education system has caused considerable debate. Contention has raged for decades over the importance of older adults in higher education, the validity of the acceptance of older students and whether approaches to adult learning should differ compared to that of younger students. The general consensus today is that older adults are becoming an increasingly meaningful part of the education sector as more and more adults find themselves with leisure time and a desire to learn the technological advances occurring around them. This trend is exacerbated by modern conditions such as an aging population, the popularity of retirement and early retirement, and the tendency for people to go through several career changes over the course of their life (as opposed to the earlier half of the last century, when an individual typically remained in the same profession for the course of their life). As growing evidence suggests that the needs and learning preferences of older adults differ from that of younger, traditional students, the burgeoning fashion of adult education indicates a theoretical examination of the situation is prudent."
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Pressure Ulcers, 2007.
An analysis of the risk assessment procedures, management and prevention strategies for pressure ulcers.
1,209 words (approx. 4.8 pages), 3 sources, MLA, AU$ 53.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the risk assessment procedures and prevention strategies for pressure ulcers. It describes the prevalence of pressure ulcers in the geriatric community and the risk factors that are associated with it. The paper also describes the causes of pressure ulcers. Finally, the paper discusses the prevention and management strategies for pressure ulcers and the long and short-term goals of these recommendations. The paper also includes a copy of the Braden scale for predicting pressure ulcer risk.
From the Paper
"The development of an effective plan of care depends on how well data is collected. This data is gathered during the psychosocial assessment. To collect the information, the nurse works with the patient, their family, and with the assistance of the interdisciplinary team. The purpose of the information is to identify all the factors that need to be considered for prevention and management strategies (RNAO, 2002). The nurse collects data on the patient's mental status, state of depression, ability to cooperate, and their learning ability. Level of social support also is assessed. Tools are available to assist nurses with collecting this information. Other data collected is related to goals, values, and lifestyle. Another area of data is concerned resources, and these include information on positioning and posture (RNAO, 2002). Other data is collected about culture and ethnicity, stress, pain, and quality of life."
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Elder Abuse, 2007.
An analysis of the nurse's role in assessment and prevention of elder abuse.
962 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 3 sources, APA, AU$ 44.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses elder abuse assessment and prevention. It analyzes the factors that contribute to elder abuse and discusses reasons why elder abuse is rarely reported. The paper then discusses assessment of the problem and suggests possible solutions to prevent its occurrence. The paper specifically focuses on the nurse's role in the prevention of elder abuse.
From the Paper
"Elder abuse is prevalent in our society and is becoming more widespread with an aging population and their care taking place at home. Elder abuse assumes several forms but is not easily identified as abuse. In order to assist elders who are abused, nurses need excellent assessment skills. The most effective means for preventing elder abuse is through health teaching for seniors, caregivers, nurses and health providers, and for the general public. Basically, the aim of prevention strategies is to place decision making back in the hands of the senior (Fletcher, 2000). The nurse has many resources and support groups available to help the senior who is in danger of potential abuse or who has actually been abused."
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Nursing Implications, 2007.
A discussion on whether or not the implications of nursing pediatric patients recovering from transplant therapy differ from the implications of nursing adult and/or geriatric patients.
2,324 words (approx. 9.3 pages), 10 sources, APA, AU$ 91.95
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Abstract
This paper explores whether or not the nursing implications change with regards to providing care to adult versus child transplant recipients. The paper looks at some of the obvious differences between children and adults but also takes time to explore the many similarities between patients of all ages. It also delves into the philosophical, possibly even moral, reservations some nursing professionals might have with treating certain patients and considers what the appropriate response should be. The paper also looks at the other "actors" - family members, even school officials - for whom the professional nurse must have proper deference and briefly considers the implications that these relationships will have upon the patients' long-term well-being.
From the Paper
"Transplant therapy for children versus transplant therapy for adults - especially older adults - is similar in the sense that both instances demand nursing professionals respect the pain and fearfulness of the subject's family. However, one can argue that any position which cleaves to the view that the two should not be treated differently is nonetheless a rather naive one. For one thing, elderly patients are not attending (or about to attend) school as are children. Because of this fact, Brosig (2006) insists that transplant teams should be in contact with school personnel so as to "optimize outcomes" via coming up with an individualized approach to facilitating the child's scholastic efforts."
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Age Discrimination in the Workplace, 2007.
This paper explores the issue of age discrimination in business today.
1,068 words (approx. 4.3 pages), 5 sources, APA, AU$ 47.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that companies fire their older workers in order to avoid having to pay retirement or medical benefits or to hire a younger and less expensive replacement. The paper examines the various federal anti-discrimination laws and looks at numerous lawsuits that have been brought over age discrimination. The paper discusses how age is the new battleground for many workers, a situation that is increasing in importance as the baby boom generation reaches retirement age.
From the Paper
"Age discrimination is an issue today, perhaps more than ever in an era when companies seek to avoid having to pay retirement or medical benefits and do so by firing older employees who might be about to invest in their pension or who might need medical attention. Another reason is that older employees may be paid more than new hires, so companies replace older workers with new workers just for that reason. This type of change is in addition to those who are simply biased against older workers and who take any opportunity to remove older works and bring in new blood."
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Hip Fracture Protectors, 2007.
A review of the results and implications of the article "Effectiveness of Hip Protectors for Preventing Hip Fractures in Elderly People: Systematic Review" by Martyn Parker, William Gillespie and Lesley Gillespie.
701 words (approx. 2.8 pages), 2 sources, APA, AU$ 32.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews the article, "Effectiveness of Hip Protectors for Preventing Hip Fractures in Elderly People: Systematic Review" by Martyn Parker, William Gillespie and Lesley Gillespie. The paper also describes how the study was conducted and analyzes its results and the conclusions drawn from it. Finally, the paper presents the implications of the study's results.
Table of Contents:
Problem and Purpose
Sample Selection Process
Data Analysis
Results/Conclusion
Implications
From the Paper
"The authors brought up the issue of compliance, the lack of a clear definition of what constitutes compliance and regulatory measures for the manufacture of hip protectors. The issue of compliance is significant because of the wide percentage range observed among the studies in hip protector acceptance and compliance, a possible confounder for many of these studies (Parker, Gillespie & Gillespie, 2006). This leads to the possible underlying reasons behind non-compliance, including the definition itself, the discomfort and inconvenience in wearing the appliance and unclear industry standards regarding protector effectiveness (Parker, Gillespie & Gillespie, 2006). Focusing on these issues by future, adequately-sized studies should improve compliance to the use of hip protectors (Parker, Gillespie & Gillespie, 2006)."
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Development of Adolescence versus Late Adulthood, 2007.
Compares the social and physical development of adolescents to senior adults.
2,190 words (approx. 8.8 pages), 8 sources, APA, AU$ 87.95
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Abstract
This paper compares and contrasts adolescents and senior adults in terms of social and physical development. The paper describes, in detail, each stage of development and characterizes each by traits and characteristics that are specific to them. The paper concludes that these two stages possesses more similarities than differences.
Table of Contents:
Abstract
A Developmental Comparison between Adolescents and Senior Adults
Adolescence
Senior Adults (Late Adulthood)
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Late adulthood bears a transition that follows a somewhat reverse order from that of adolescents. While adolescence begins with physical changes, the ushering in of late adulthood begins with a social change, that of retirement. It signifies the end of one's productive role in society while adolescents are just beginning to establish theirs. Retirement also means severing one's ties with colleagues and work associates or friends, a type of isolation that can be difficult to face. Adolescents face nearly the opposite challenge of initiating and forging social ties within school and community, and changing the relationship between members of family. The social skills they learn within this stage carries on into young and middle adulthood. As one ages, physical aging starts to manifest itself in subtle ways, becoming more obvious with time. It is this impending sense of mortality that preoccupies elderly persons as they get older - spouses, relatives and friends die. While death is a normal part of life, the final milestone - a sense of accomplishment and pride in one's well-lived life - would be achieved."
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Elderly Psychiatric Communication, 2007.
An analysis of a workshop relating to overcoming communication barriers with inpatient geriatric mental health patients.
3,772 words (approx. 15.1 pages), 25 sources, MLA, AU$ 132.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses ways of overcoming communication barriers at an inpatient geriatric mental health unit. It suggests that effective communication leads to enhanced inpatient care. The paper presents a workshop conducted by the education department of a hospital and discusses its worth and impact on inpatient care. The paper also presents the writer's observations made from his own personal experiences.
Table of Contents:
Period of Reflection
General Introduction
An Exercise:
Points to Ponder
Teaching Plan
Background
Introduction
Barriers to Effective Communication
Two Assessments as Bases for Workshop
The Psychiatric Unit and Communication
Perception
Multicultural and Trans-cultural Nursing
Issues and Problems on the Unit
Conclusion
Recommendations
Evaluation of Teaching
Usefulness of Design and Methods
Evaluation Outcome
Recommendations that Emerged from the Evaluation
From the Paper
"Barriers to effective communication and deficiencies related to skills training are ultimately based in perception which then influences attitudes and approaches to patients. At the same time, those barriers do contain a positive aspect. It is from those barriers and lacks that opportunities and enhanced skills can be made possible. Virtually all barriers to communication can be addressed not only for staff but also for clients and their families through means of a communication skills workshop. Such workshops can be established specifically for caregivers and professionals as well clients. As a result of periodic workshop sessions, the geriatric psychiatric unit can become a safer and more comfortable setting for patients and staff."
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