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Sociology , Sports and Race, 2002.
A discussion of gender bias and racial discrimination in sports.
1,983 words (approx. 7.9 pages), 9 sources, MLA, AU$ 102.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the issue of gender and racial discrimination in sport both at college as well as professional level. It attempts to dispel the myths regarding women equality and meritocracy in sports, such that women earn through professional as well as college sports as much as their male counterparts. It examines the struggles involving women recognition in sports through the history of basketball which evolved in 1891 but only allowed women players in 1971 and the differences in women participation in college sports and professional sports. The paper also outlines the racial desegregation of college and professional sports, bringing out the similarities and the differences to that of gender bias.
From the Paper
"Though women face various challenges in the name of discrimination in sports oriented activities and career advancements, women in college sports face less resistance due to the fact that at college level, friendships and relationships are more sound and meaningful than at a professional level where shrewd politics dominate the sports scenario and extreme resistance is faced by women who are professional athletes. Moreover, in college sports, due to combined activities, women get more or less the same facilities and coaching aid that their male friends receive. Alternately, women athletes on a professional level are struggling hard to receive better or equal facilities than men athletes."
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Steroids in Sports, 2002.
This paper discusses the debate of whether athletes should be allowed to use performance-enhancing drugs in order to improve their performance.
750 words (approx. 3.0 pages), 5 sources, APA, AU$ 43.95
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Abstract
The paper begins by looking at arguments for the use of steroids in sports. It quotes Barry Bonds, a major league baseball player who has no reservations about the use of steroids in sports; as well as Ken Caminiti, who won the National League Most Valuable Player Award in 1996. It lists the arguments of the proponents of steroid use. The paper then turns to study the side effects of steroid use and the reservations held by opponents of using drugs in sports. The paper concludes with the writer?s personal opinion on the topic.
From the Paper
"Should athletes be allowed to use performance-enhancing drugs in order to improve their performance? Steroid usage in sports has long been a big issue for many athletes both professional and amateur. Steroids are not condoned in any sport however; some athletes do take the chance by using performance-enhancing drugs in order to increase the chances of a successful outcome in a competition. Many athletes have been barred from participating in certain sports because they were convicted of taking steroids. In light of this, one can only wonder how many top athletes have won events due to the use of steroids. There are many sides to the debate of whether or not athletes should be able to use steroids. Despite health reasons there are quite a few people who do believe that athletes should be allowed to use performance-enhancers. On the other hand, there are those who believe that steroids should not be used."
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Weightlifting, 2002.
A history of weightlifting, events and competitions.
4,447 words (approx. 17.8 pages), 15 sources, MLA, AU$ 188.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the origins and the history of weightlifting over the years. It shows that the origin of lifting traces goes back in the earliest of documented history where man's attraction with physical ability can be seen with several ancient writings. From ancient Egypt and Greece, this paper traces the history of weightlifting events and competitions and discusses their history in different countries from France and Germany to Norway and Greece. It evaluates the medical opinion of weightlifting training and how since World War II, doctors have initiated research on muscle work out for the treatment of various kinds of wounds and muscle transformation. There is also a focus on women weightlifters who have since 1987 been accepted out at the World Championship competition.
From the Paper
"During that era, athletes were allowed to make four tries. However, after Steinbach gave up, Dimtris Tofalos made his last try. While, Spurred made an amazing attempt by lifting the extraordinary weight for that period making a record that remained until 1914. However, after ten years, i-e in 1924, the rules changed once again (ESPN.2001). What is worth mentioning here is the first sections of weightlifting formed during the ear between 1896 and 1906 by the Ethnikos Gymnastics Sports Club, Sports Clubs Eteria Patron, and Panellinios Gymnastics Sports Club (ESPN.2001)."
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Major League Baseball (MLB), 2002.
A discussion of the economic conditions underlying major league baseball.
966 words (approx. 3.9 pages), 5 sources, MLA, AU$ 56.95
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Abstract
The paper examines how Major League Baseball (MLB) generates $3.5 billion in annual revenues and how the economic turmoil the sport has undergone recently has attracted a great deal of attention both because of its huge fan following as well as the fact that it?s an integral part of American culture. It evaluates how the range of different rates on return on investment for different teams is too large and blames it on competitive imbalances caused by a few very rich owners and a widening of what the industry classifies as ?local revenues? . It shows how if MLB continues to see uncontrolled rises in its fixed and variable costs, several teams may just have to raise ticket prices, which will not bode well for an industry that is already witnessing demand elasticity and will likely, in future, experience price elasticity as well if raised ticket prices lead to a resulting negative trend in total revenues. It concludes with how MLB needs to be thoroughly overhauled using basic fundamental economic principles of controlling variable costs and providing a level playing field so that the performance of the smaller teams picks up and the demand to watch them win also grows.
From the Paper
"MLB is also subject to the concept of ?time cost? and consumer choice, at least perceptually given its discrete and isolated actions and long pauses as compared to the more action packed sports of football and basketball. This is especially true given the far faster paced lifestyles of today and is likely to have an even bigger impact in future as the natural effects of time and demand elasticity kick in as well over the longer run.
MLB?s turmoil has also been caused by cash strapped owners who are probably feeling the pinch of the ?opportunity cost of equity capital? as a lot of owners are ??not as liquid as they were five years ago?annual losses rise to $10million, $20 million or more?? (MSNBC Web site)."
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The Benefits of Exercising, 2002.
Examines the mental and physical benefits of exercising.
693 words (approx. 2.8 pages), 3 sources, MLA, AU$ 39.95
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Abstract
Shows how a regular exercise routine provides short and long term health benefits. Examines the spiritual rewards of taking timeout of one's schedule to look after one's body. Discusses how exercise helps to prevent conditions such as heart disease.
From the Paper
"Everyone should be responsible for the well being of one?s belongings, and health is a simple, yet very strong reason why a person would do that. For the modern and busy life, there would be little time people could make to have regular exercises, however there are some reasons why we would need to consider before giving it up. Many researched facts have proved that regular exercise could improve one?s whole physical and spiritual condition. Exercise does not only enhance heart function, but also prevents many other high-risk diseases, and give emotional development to the people who do it regularly."
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Tae Kwon Do, 2002.
Examination of the origins and attributes of Korean martial arts Tae Kwon Do.
697 words (approx. 2.8 pages), 4 sources, MLA, AU$ 39.95
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Abstract
Discusses the art's special features and what makes it unique. Compares it to other forms of martial arts. The paper presents the main ideas and philosophy of Tae Kwon Do and how these are practiced by those who follow the art in their daily life.
From the Paper
"Dozens of martial arts are practiced around the world but few are as popular as the Korean art of Tae Kwon Do. It is no surprise that Tae Kwon Do attracts hundreds of millions of students: it comprises the grace and flexibility training of yoga, the self defense potential of Judo, and the mental prowess of Aikido. But Tae Kwon Do surpasses all other martial arts in its attention to all facets of the human being. Tae Kwon Do affects the practitioner on the mental as well as the physical level. Tae Kwon Do is practiced by an estimated 30 million people in almost 150 nations around the world (World Taekwondo Federation, http://myhome.elim.net/taekwondo/wtf/ ). Up to 3 million Americans practice Tae Kwon Do for health and fitness (?History of Taekwondo and the United States Taeqwondo Won,? http://www.ustw.org/index.htm). Its presence in the Olympics testifies to its worldwide presence and acceptance as the best martial art form. Even Karate-do, also immensely popular, cannot match Tae Kwon Do?s universal appeal. Contrary to popular belief, Tae Kwon Do can be practiced by anyone, even those in a weakened physical state. The martial art is extremely easy to learn and incorporate into daily life."
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Tennis, 2002.
An in-depth description of the rules and techniques of tennis.
3,020 words (approx. 12.1 pages), 6 sources, MLA, AU$ 143.95
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Abstract
This paper describes the appearance of the tennis court, the rules of the game, how the players hit the ball, and which muscles are used for each movement and how the scoring works. It describes how the game is judged by umpires and referees and how electronic devices are used to assist the judges. It describes how each part of the body is used during the game.
From the Paper
"The referees in recreational contests are usually the players themselves, but officials in tournaments keep score, judge shots as good or not and interpret rules. The chair umpire heads the judges and sits on a tall chair in one end of the net, while the other line judges sit around the court and away from the movement area of the players."
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Fitness Facility Improvement, 2002.
An essay on an improvement plan for a fitness facility.
1,120 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 5 sources, MLA, AU$ 62.95
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Abstract
This paper provides a business plan for a gym or fitness training facility for better use of space and efficient service. Included are plans for better management, improved programming and additional training. The writer explains that this is a big money making enterprise and the right type of facility can be a major hit.
From the Paper
"Fitness facilities have become part of the American landscape. Until recent years fitness centers were found for the most part only in private country clubs or the YMCA. However, now every community has at least one, if not several work-out gyms, complete with massage rooms and spas. New facilities are being built and older centers remodeled every day, each designed with the latest equipment and features to fit the needs of the surrounding community. Moreover, fitness facilities and sports centers have become a competitive market in the business world during the last decade. With franchises opening coast to coast and world wide, fitness is big business."
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Athletic Scholarships, 2002.
A discussion on the pros of athletic scholarships, the fund-raising projects involved, the scholarship recipients and the way in which higher education becomes available to students that may not have had this opportunity.
6,285 words (approx. 25.1 pages), 14 sources, MLA, AU$ 237.95
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Abstract
The following paper examines why athletic scholarships are the ultimate way to finance the survival of college athletic teams and the athletes who play competitively on the athletic teams education. The writer asserts that scholarships teach the athletes about competition although competition is discouraged. This paper argues that athletic scholarships bring out the best in students, teaches good sportsmanship behavior, and with the NCAA academic requirements, teaches teenagers responsibility and to keep their priorities in order.
From the Paper
"Athletic Scholarship programs are funding provided through donations, fundraises, federal government funds and businesses,to allow the existence of college and university athletic programs, which provide pre-professional athletic training and higher education for gifted athletes who are determined to succeed. Providing scholarship programs for colleges gives athletes the experience and knowledge of the dedication that is required to succeed in athletics, which encourages the athlete to perform at his or best when competing for the scholarships. Colleges highest sources of budget increases is encouraged by the talent and the physical abilities of the athletes on the athletic teams, when they break records at winning games Although athletes may be perceived as academically non-competitive, and the majority of the student body and school officials may claim they spend most of their time playing or have unrealistic life goals, but the athletes are the primary reasons why the school gets media attention, and increased budgets to purchase new learning technologies, which provides the necessary funds to invest in advanced and new higher education programs."
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Inline Skating into the 21st Century? And Beyond, 2002.
A study on skating with emphasis on inline skating.
1,420 words (approx. 5.7 pages), 3 sources, APA, AU$ 77.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the evolution of skating and the emersion of inline skating. It reviews the museum exhibition, "Inline Skating into The 21st Century and Beyond? and describes the history of the wheel and other inventions that make the sport inline skating possible today. The paper includes color illustrations and photographs.
Table of Contents
1. Description of Exhibit
2. The History of Inline Skating
3. Roller Blading
4. Exhibition Checklist
5. Marketing Analysis
6. Administrative Matters
7. Conclusion
From the Paper
"?Inline Skating Into The 21st Century and Beyond? will trace the roots of the wheel and how thru numerous developments and innovations the popular sport of inline skating was born. The exhibit will provide a retelling of how the wheel was invented, and outline the various inventions that were made possible because of the invention of the wheel with the primary focus on the evolution and history of inline skating. Moreover, the exhibit will present inline skating in all its many forms, including roller skating, ice skating and roller blading. "
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Arthritic Conditions, 2002.
A discussion on arthritic conditions in the body, their causes, treatment, current research, and what effect they have on athletic participation.
2,705 words (approx. 10.8 pages), 7 sources, MLA, AU$ 132.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the three types of arthritis, namely rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis and psoriatic arthritis. The paper describes the problems associated with arthritis and the common misperceptions of the disease. It also discusses the important link between sports, exercise and arthritis and the social and economic cost of arthritis. A list of the treatments for arthritis is given. The paper presents which areas of research into arthritis could be extended.
Table of Contents
Problem Statement
Literature Review
Introduction
Types of Arthritis
Osteoarthritis
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Psoriatic Arthritis
Causes of Arthritis
Treatments Available
Current Research
Arthritis and Athletic Activities
Research Needed
Learning Outcome
From the Paper
"Arthritis is said to be the number one cause of disability in the United States, with more individuals disabled with arthritis than by both heart disease and strokes (Lewis 2000). Arthritis is also a disease that is plagued with misunderstanding. The Center for Disease Control warns that it is these misunderstandings that result in the disease doing so much harm (Lewis 2000)."
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Improving your Fitness Center, 2002.
An examination of how to provide or improve a fitness facility through better management, improved programming and additional training or equipment.
1,535 words (approx. 6.1 pages), 7 sources, MLA, AU$ 81.95
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Abstract
This paper lays out strategies and concepts which are designed to help owners and managers of fitness facilities to boost their clientele and their image. It discusses the importance of effective advertising and the necessity for innovative new programs aimed at all age levels.
From the Paper
"Does your fitness center seem to be lacking business? Does it seem to lack those select customers that you imagined when you open your fitness center? There are steps the management can take to improve the quality and quantity of customers. Give it a boost by adding some new equipment, some motivation with bonuses, shake up the advertisements, and educate some local businesses. Your fitness center can be boosted from the humdrums to a busy fun fitness center with active participation from a variety of new customers."
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Sports and Betting, 2002.
A paper which discusses the issue of betting in sports in the United States.
2,355 words (approx. 9.4 pages), 7 sources, MLA, AU$ 117.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the pros and cons of sports gambling, the problems with the betting - such as players receiving gifts from betting agents and the demoralization of the players and the game. The paper also studies the effect of sports betting on the economy.
From the Paper
"Gambling and betting on sports can be traced back to the Greeks and Roman days, if not before. Risk is the essence of sports, and so is gambling. So it isn?t surprising to find the two hand in hand. But there are loud cries from politicians to pass bills against sport betting. The motivation for the bill can be traced to the Conservative Right and you can trace their thinking all the way back to the colonial period and the Puritans who tried to forbid gambling in New England. ?The arguments we?re hearing in 2001 are exactly what moral leaders argued about in 1700? "
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Literature Review of Hazing in Sports, 2002.
A paper which discusses the merits of "hazing" in the world of sport.
3,230 words (approx. 12.9 pages), 10 sources, APA, AU$ 151.95
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Abstract
Hazing has been described as a humiliating act or initiation one must take part in in order to be accepted into a sports group or team. This paper shows how hazing is increasingly becoming problematic for society. Its supporters extol the virtues of the practice by focusing on its ability to build character and a strong bond between team veterans and rookies and opponents of the practice justifiably proclaim the practice's elements of barbarism and sadism. The paper compares the two perspectives regarding the merits of hazing. It discusses, too, the literature which has been written about this practice and examines the different points of view proffered by the many analysts on this particular subject. The author of the paper surmises that only in investigating the pros and cons of these initiation rites can we understand how entrenched this problem has become in the minds of the people who continue to conduct this barbaric practice.
From the Paper
"There has been a lot of literature in the past that has addressed the problem of hazing in athletics. Most of the research agrees that there is a consistency in the arguments for hazing. One popular opinion is that older team members haze younger team member potentials in order to assert their leadership. However, hazing does not have to be the vehicle to assert this authority. In fact, the most obvious method of displaying leadership is on the playing field as opposed to shaving a member's hair off. Another common argument for hazing is that it instils fear and respect in the hearts of younger members when interacting with their more esteemed and older teammates. However, isn't it more important to create a bond between teammates and instil that fear and awe in the opposing team? Also, respect should be earned, not demanded."
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Greek Art and Sculpture, 2002.
An analysis of how nudity was a fact of ancient Greek daily life and how the art--statues-- reflected the Greeks? acceptance of it.
1,828 words (approx. 7.3 pages), 20 sources, MLA, AU$ 94.95
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Abstract
The following paper examines how all Greek sports, even the Olympic events, were performed in the nude. This paper examines how nudity in and of itself wasn?t the purpose of the art, but was used to best represent the images. The writer explores how women were banned from the Olympics because it was held in a sacred area. This paper also explores how the the nudity in sports gave sculptors a reason to study the human body more closely, and its proportion and movements. The writer traces back early attempts to capture the human form and examines how over time, nude sculptures became smoother and more realistic, while still adhering to the quest for the ideal.
From the Paper
"Even though sculptors eventually worked out the proportions in their work. the Greeks were not known for experimentation with style. Once they found an image that was pleasing, they tended to stick with it. The typical male statue, the Kouros style, had a very distinct pattern that was followed: ?The figure stands erect and strictly frontal with his left leg advanced, his arms tense at his sides with fists clenched. Details are represented with strength and simplicity. The eyes are big and almond-shaped, the ears large and so carved as to form a kind of decorative adjunct; the essential parts of the body are clearly defined and subject to an established canon of proportions, while muscles and bones form surface patterns on the marble. The work already has those qualities of grandeur and proportion which characterize all the best Greek sculpture throughout its history.? (Carver) The male form was the highest level of ideal beauty."
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| Essay # 6035 |
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