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Child Obesity, 2005.
A research proposal on parental involvement in combating child obesity.
2,054 words (approx. 8.2 pages), 6 sources, MLA, AU$ 86.95
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Abstract
This paper presents a research proposal which aims to identify the factors that will help parents to become more knowledgeable about obesity. It also explains that through further education, parents can help in the prevention and minimization of obesity. Includes questionnaire.
Outline
Literature Review
Statement of the Problem and Objectives
Sampling Strategy
Data Collection Strategy and Procedures
Measurement and Justification
Consideration of Sample Size
Data Analysis
Limitations/Potential Problems
Questionnaires
Bibliography
From the Paper
"Other researches and studies have found that obesity is caused by different risk factors. However, according to Baughcum and her colleagues, obesity is common in families with low income and less education. Other risk factors to obesity are the influences of parents on their children with regards to eating habits. This is because parents are usually the ones who control the food and eating habits of their children. Another risk factor is the accuracy of parents' perception on obesity."
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Domestic Violence and Children, 2005.
This paper is a research proposal to study the effects of domestic violence on children.
3,285 words (approx. 13.1 pages), 17 sources, APA, AU$ 127.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that domestic violence and its effect on the child living in a home where spousal abuse is occurring including physical abuse, sexual abuse, psychological abuse and abuse to property and pets. The author points out that the aims of the proposed study are to isolate central concepts: 1) Defining the range and extent of domestic violence, 2) indirect and direct effects of violence, 3) psychological effects and physical abuse, 4) the "silent child" syndrome and 5) the correlation between age and the effects of domestic violence. The paper relates that the methodology will include a review of literature and a collection of data through interviews with local social workers and other authorities.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Literature Review
Statement of Research Questions
Methodology
Analysis
From the Paper
"One of the significant problems that this study has to face is the way in which data is collected and examined. As much of the literature points out, the ascertaining of data on the effect of family and domestic violence is extremely difficult to do with absolute certainty. This is due to the fact that much of the research on children and domestic violence uses sources such as documentation of children in shelters or houses of safety, as well as from social workers in the field. This does not take into account the large number of children who suffer in silence from the affects of violence without the knowledge of the authorities."
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NY Police and Domestic Violence, 2005.
Examines whether patrol duty policemen are more prone to domestic violence than officers serving in specialized units.
2,086 words (approx. 8.3 pages), 10 sources, APA, AU$ 88.95
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Abstract
This paper is a literature review and research proposal regarding incidences of domestic violence among New York Police officers. The paper examines whether or not New York City Police Officers that are on patrol duty, are as likely to commit domestic violence crimes as are those officers who are employed on specialized units dealing with narcotics, gangs, violence and homicide. The paper includes charts.
From the Paper
"According to Wetendorf, the real difference between police abusers and other abusers is that the police officer that abuses is "tougher and more dangerous". Wetendorf states that "they have training, a badge, a gun, and the weight of the police culture behind them." These are the very points that are used as tactics of abuse by the officer commits domestic abuse and/or violence to his spouse and/or family."
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The Banking Industry in Oman, 2005.
This paper is a research report, which develops a business continuity plan for the Oman banking industry.
21,275 words (approx. 85.1 pages), 35 sources, MLA, AU$ 335.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that a business continuity plann is the method or process whereby financial institutions ensure the protection or recovery of operations, including services to customers, when confronted with adverse events such as natural disasters, technological failures, human error or terrorism. The author points out that the research indicates that the Oman banking industry has an idea of what it should be doing for its business continuity plans, but instead, it looks primarily at the I.T. situation, which is important but fails to develop plans for all of the necessary phases of the banking business. The paper stresses that the strongest recommendation, which can be made for the Oman banking industry and for other businesses, is the need for redundancy in every phase of the operation, even maintenance of records outside the country. Tables and graphs.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Introduction and Background
Statement of the Problem
Purpose of the Study
Theoretical Basis
Limitations of the Study
Definition of Terms
Organization of the Remainder of the Study
Review of Related Literature
Methodology
Research Design and Approach
Population and Sample
Collection and Tabulation of Data
Data Analysis Procedures
Policy Document for a Business Continuity Plan in the Oman Banking Industry
Analysis of the Data, Results, and Discussion
Summary, Conclusion, and Recommendations
From the Paper
"Some banks, of course, do already have these plans, although it is a small number. Of the banks that do not have one and are not working toward one, cost seems to be the key. Creating and implementing this type of plan and ensuring that it is updated and adjusted properly is a time consuming, difficult, and often expensive thing for banks and other businesses to do, and it is understandable that some banks would be reluctant to create a business continuity plan for these reasons. However, banks should look toward these expenses not as costs, but as an investment toward the safety and security of their future."
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Critical Care Outreach Program, 2005.
A research proposal to study the effects of implementing an outreach service to lower the rate of re-admissions to critical medical care services.
1,187 words (approx. 4.7 pages), 21 sources, MLA, AU$ 54.95
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Abstract
This paper proposes a study in the form of a qualitative examination of the effects of the implementation of an outreach service and modified early warning system on re-admissions to critical care. An enormous body of literature suggests a need for outreach services in the medical community, particularly in large hospitals. Re-admissions are generally considered a measure of critical care quality in the field of medicine. The paper shows that, generally, outreach teams are considered a mechanism for improving the overall critical care delivery system and quality of medical care service. Thus, the researcher proposes that the implementation of an outreach service and modified early warning system will improve the overall quality of medical care services within hospitals and potentially reduce the re-admissions rates.
From the Paper
"Bristow et. al (2000) finds in a study conducted of patients at a hospital utilizing an outreach program that fewer patients were unexpectedly admitted to the ICU and there were fewer non-DNR deaths in a hospital using this type of approach than in other hospitals. Further the study suggests that outreach programs and other critical care teams may have important "implications for patient care in hospitals." Bristow et. al (2000) suggests a need exists for further large scale studies of outreach programs in hospital institutions large and small."
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MTC Vodafone, 2005.
This paper is a research proposal to evaluate if the 360-degree performance appraisal system would be beneficial for the MTC Vodafone operating in Bahrain.
2,720 words (approx. 10.9 pages), 7 sources, APA, AU$ 109.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, in the current MTC Vodafone system, performance appraisals are carried out twice a year, based on the competency listings from the company's competency catalogue and on preset targets given to each employee. The author points out that the advantages of using the 360-degree performance appraisal system is that it provides the worker being reviewed with information regarding how his or her peers and managers perceive or evaluate the work of the individual. The paper relates that the study will be conducted as a combination of primary and secondary data, using both surveys and interviews of employees.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Review of the 360-degree Performance Appraisal System
Synopsis of MTC Vodafone Current Appraisal System
Methodology
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Motivating and nurturing a talented workforce can be a competitive benefit for any organization-the human capital is the most critical for the success of the organization. Of all the assets that the organization possesses, the human element can provide the most variability and therefore require the greatest attention. The journal article "Maslow revisited: building the employee commitment pyramid" evaluates motivation from the perspective of the employee/employer dynamic and not just the individual's relation to the environment. Many of these factors of motivations change over the period of employment. An environment, which is responsive to the needs of the employees can also provide a more stable and trust worthy workplace for an employee. The task of finding, hiring, and keeping employees who show pride in their work and loyalty toward the company is becoming very difficult."
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Case Study: ?Raising Achievement Project?, 2005.
This paper is a case study performed in 103 primary Great Britain schools in collaboration with the "Raising Achievement Project", which was implemented over a five year period.
25,380 words (approx. 101.5 pages), 103 sources, APA, AU$ 335.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the study focuses on the "talking", "conversation", "interaction", "collaboration", "listening", and "action engagement", which occur in the classroom and whole school environment, and examines the cognitive levels and meta cognitive aspects of students, seeking insight into the best practices, on the basis of the whole school environment. The author points out that there is a strong link between structured talk and purposeful talk among teachers and the development of thinking in relation to teaching and learning. The paper relates that the research used a qualitative rather than quantitative methodology, which allowed the research to be in its natural setting, in an open and responsive manner, permitting the researcher to get closer to the data sources and context of the data.
Table of Contents
Case Study Introduction
Emerging Questions
Main Goal of the Case Study
Methodology
Approach of the Case Study
Key Features of this Project
Focus of the Case Study
Structure of the In-Service Days of the Project
Teaching the "What?", "How?" and "Why?"
Emerging Questions
Outcomes of the Project
Evidence provided by OFSTED of 1998 L.E.A.
PHASE Two of the Case Study
Evidence Collected as Part of the Project Evaluation Process
Evidence from OFSTED Inspections of L.E.A. Schools
Quality of Provision
Key Questions
Central Hypothesis
Research Methodology
Research Design
Research Methods
Bloom's Taxonomy
Cognition
Creative Thinking
Critical Thinking
Infusion
Meta-cognition
Thinking Skills
Transfer
Data Analysis
Quantitative Methods of Analysis
Triangulation in Qualitative Research
Evidence and Analysis
Reflection Sheets
Literature Review
Important Questions for the Educator
Instructional Conversation Application in Proper Settings
The Teacher's Key in Instructional Conversation
"Teaching Thinking Skills" by Kathleen Cotton
Findings
Critical Thinking across the Curriculum
Learning Outcomes Suggested in Communication Curricular Goals
Higher Order Thinking Skills
Method One: Heuristic Problem-Solving Strategies
Method Two: The Meta-cognitive Approach
Method Three" Subject-based Strategies Cognitive Acceleration in Science and Maths
"Learning to Learn"
Self-Actualization? Cognitive Enhancing?
From the Paper
"The focus of the Project Teacher was in the working with the teachers in the development of their teaching and learning skills in the classroom. Each of the 103 schools received seven visits, each for one-half of the school day. The visits were timed so as to allow the teachers time in between each visit to test strategies of teaching and further develop them in an independent manner. Not at any time was this project, a.k.a. case study considered to be a "quick-fix" support program. Indeed, this project was to provide teachers with practical support in the development of effective and strategic teaching methods as well as to allow time for reflection on their own individual methods of practice. Further, this project provided necessary support for those in senior management positions for the purpose of embedding the new strategy firmly within the institution and administration of each of the schools."
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Technological Literacy of Technology Education Teachers, 2005.
This paper is a research proposal to survey industrial technology education teachers in the State of Arizona to determine their acceptance and use of the "Standards for Technological Literacy" (STL) and to assess standards-based training needs.
9,480 words (approx. 37.9 pages), 36 sources, APA, AU$ 261.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, today, it is becoming increasingly clear that there is a growing need for technological literacy, but it is unclear how technology education teachers are making decisions on classroom practice based on the "Standards for Technological Literacy", which focuses on what every student in grades K-12 should know and be able to do in order to be technologically literate. The author states that the study will address the issue of assessing standards-based training needs through a critical review of the scholarly literature followed by a survey of what 7th to 10th grade technology education teachers in Arizona know about the standards, how they are using them and what the need for standards-based training. The paper relates that a Likert-type scale will be used to determine the acceptance and use of the STL and to measure the perceived needs of standards-based training.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Statement of the Problem
Purpose of Study
Importance of Study
Rationale of Study
Research Questions, Hypotheses or Objectives
Review of Related Literature
Background and Overview
Evolution of Literacy Standards in the U.S.
Components Influencing Student Learning
Curricula
Instruction
Learning Environment
Student Assessment
Features of AETL
Student Assessment Standards
Vocational and Technical Education Considerations
Industrial Technical Education in Phoenix, Arizona Today
Current and Future Trends
Methodology
Procedures
Population and Sample
Survey Instrument
Time Frame
Cost of the Research
Data Analysis Questions
From the Paper
"To date, thousands of technology teachers, science and mathematics teachers, and other educators and experts from around the country have collaborated in an effort to identify precisely what students in kindergarten through 12th grade should be learning about technology. This group, together with content specialists and representatives from the National Research Council (NRC) and the National Academy of Engineering (NAE), reviewed Standards for Technological Literacy and recommended modifications and additions. The resulting document, supported by both NRC and NAE, defined the study of technology as a discipline and provided a framework for individual teachers, schools, school districts, and states or provinces to develop technological literacy in all students. The research to date indicates that when schools provide students with a quality education in their primary language they provide them with two things: knowledge and literacy."
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The South African Laundry and Fabric Care Industry, 2005.
This paper is a research proposal to study the opportunities for investment and expansion of the South African laundry and fabric care industry.
5,990 words (approx. 24.0 pages), 23 sources, APA, AU$ 191.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, identifying the best approach to providing the consumers of South Africa with laundry detergents and fabric care products, which meet their unique needs, is a significantly more critical than for most of their Western counterparts. The reason given is because water supply and safety issues in South Africa remain a major health concern and government programs to address this issue have not yet been successful. The author points out that, although the market for soaps continued to be dominated by Lever, Olivine and Colgate-Palmolive, the growing popularity of other toiletry lines created opportunities for large local firms, such as the Central African Pharmaceutical Suppliers (CAPS), and other smaller firms, such as Robins Remedies and Stobard & Wesley, and multinationals like Ponds and Boots. The paper outlines the methodology for the proposed study including (1) focus groups about South African habits and practices to understand consumer needs, behaviors and attitudes in the detergent markets; (2) AC Nielsen share (volume and value) data of the South African detergent market in the past 5 years to determine market size, splits, trends and overall performance by key players; (3) Porter's 5 Forces model to analyze the industry sector; (4) a company analysis of Unilever using data from their annual reports in order to understand marketing spending, trends and overall investment strategies and (5) an evaluation of successful marketing campaigns and strategies in markets with similar market demographics by other leading detergent companies to understand winning formulas in other markets. Illustration, charts and tables.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Importance and Rationale of Study
Scope of Study
Review of Related Literature
Background and Overview
South Africa Today
Unilever Today
Corporate Strategy at Unilever
Shift from Mono Branding to House Branding
Eliminate Furtive Branding Techniques in Favor of Corporate Branding
Porter's Five Forces Analysis
The Relative Strength of Buyers or Customers
The Relative Strength of Suppliers
Ease of Entry of New Competitors
Availability of Substitutes
Rivalry between Competing Firms
Methodology
Description of the Study Approach
From the Paper
"In researching the South African detergent industry and its growth potential one cannot discountenance the impact of the huge Unilever conglomerate in the market. The South African detergent industry is one of the most established in the developing world, dating back to 1887 when William Lever, the founder of Lever Brothers, registered the Sunlight trademark. His first visit to South Africa in 1895 was to an under-developed country crippled by drought with poor communications and few skills. However, he believed products would ultimately be manufactured locally. Initially, this was not viable as tariffs on imported vegetable oils were considerably higher than those on imported soaps. As a result, consignments of Sunlight, the first wrapped and branded soap, were shipped to South Africa. From 1912 to the late 80's the detergent industry in South Africa grew driven by massive investments by the Unilever company."
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The Kuwait Oil Company, 2005.
This paper is a research proposal to study the Kuwait Oil Company's human resource planning for the recruitment and selection of employees.
1,215 words (approx. 4.9 pages), 7 sources, APA, AU$ 55.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the basic premise of the proposed study will be that the human resource methods, employed by the Kuwait Oil Company, may not be effective in the area of recruiting, selecting and motivating employees and managers. The author points out the reason for this situation is that the company adheres to traditional methods for employing and evaluating workers and manager and these methods may not be meeting the changing needs of the company. The paper relates that the research methods will include a detailed examination of the recruitment and selection methods used by Kuwait Oil Company, comparison with other oil companies, a literature review and interviews with employees, managers and human resources.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Proposed Hypotheses
Kuwait Oil Economy and the Kuwait Oil Company
Human Resource Selection and Recruiting Processes
Methodology
Conclusions
From the Paper
"In today's fast-paced business environment, companies need to ensure that their most valuable assets which are their employees are motivated so they can be more productive. Technology has moved human resources into the mainstream with ERM packages that are a new breed of software applications that streamline the processes involved in acquiring, managing and training employees. They are solutions that focus on making employees more productive and make internal applications more visible. There are also other types of software that can help organizations track an employee's performance and help with the evaluation process."
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German Influences in Texas, 2005.
This paper is a research proposal to study the extent to which native German cultural influences are not only present in society but also felt by the people living in Texas today.
1,000 words (approx. 4.0 pages), 4 sources, APA, AU$ 47.95
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Abstract
This examines how Texas' history is deeply infused with German influence because, in the early 1800s, Texas was portrayed in Germany as an available new territory with large plots of fertile land and much wild game, which attracted many Germans to Texas. The author points out that the research is limited to a historical exploratory analysis of German influence in Texas and oral interviews to provide additional information about the modern 'trends' in Texan culture and the extent to which natives believe German influence is still present within the state culture and identity.
Outline
Introduction/Scope of Study
Background
Project Specs
Significance of Study
Methods
From the Paper
"The researcher proposes that the questions developed for oral interviews remain brief and 'open ended' in order to insure that as much information as possible is gathered from participants. Questions will focus on the individuals background (cultural decent), perceptions of German influence in Texas, and likes/dislikes about perceived influences in Texas culture. From the information gathered from the oral interviews and literature review, the researcher will propose conclusions regarding the relevance of German influence in Texas culture today."
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Performance Appraisal, 2005.
This paper is a research study of strategic human resources management, specifically the function and importance of performance appraisal.
9,070 words (approx. 36.3 pages), 25 sources, APA, AU$ 253.95
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Abstract
This paper attempts to identify the strengths and weaknesses of performance appraisal approach in theory and in practice and to determine to what extent performance appraisal is conditioned by cultural factors as demonstrated in a typical Japanese bank. The author uses a historical/case study approach, a process by which the historian seeks to test the truthfulness of the reports of observations that are provided by others, and secondary research. The paper relates results that Japanese employees are motivated by many of the same factors that influence their American counterparts but by differing degrees: All employees recognize that hard work, loyalty and their commitment to organizational goals are aspects of their jobs, which should be evaluated; however, what appears to be the most glaring difference between Japanese and American employees is the extent to which such performance appraisal results are expected to be used in developing compensation levels. Tables and Charts.
Table of Contents
Introduction (Background)
Research Aim
Research Objectives
Research Questions
Background and Overview
Strategic Human Resources Management
Importance of Performance Appraisals
Influence of Cultural Factors on Performance Appraisals
Research Methodology
Types of Data to be Used in the Research
Criteria for Selection of Articles
Advantages and Disadvantages using Secondary Data
Evaluating Secondary Data Sources
Research Analysis, Findings and Discussion
Case Study One: Japanese Financial Services Firms and Banks in New York City by Beechler and Yang (1994)
Case Study Two: TSDAL in New York City by Noriya Simiharta (1999)
Conclusions
Recommendations
Project Limitations
Further Research
Reflection
Appendix: General Steps to Improve the Performance Appraisal Process
From the Paper
"Following World War II, the military leadership of the U.S. forces occupying Japan imposed American-style labor laws and industrial relations practices under the belief that they would help ensure that Japan would not fall back into a militaristic or totalitarian state; by the 1980s the situation had reversed. Consequently, many American experts called for adoption of Japanese management practices in hopes of achieving the same high productivity, quality, and cooperative labor-management relations found in leading Japanese firms. In both of these instances some practices were successfully transplanted to the other country. For instance, free trade unions and collective bargaining did evolve in postwar Japan (although not in the same fashion as they did in the U.S.). At any rate, the success of Japanese management caused many American businesses to reassess their own policies and practices and to focus on the Japanese system. This has been particularly true in American manufacturing industries. In the automobile industry, for example, the success of Japanese "transplants" (Japanese-managed plants operating in the United States and staffed with American workers) has reinforced the efficacy of the approach with American auto executives."
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Alzheimer and Dementia Disease.
This paper is an extensive literature review research study of Alzheimer and Dementia Disease (AD), specifically caregivers, especially sons.
15,970 words (approx. 63.9 pages), 35 sources, APA, AU$ 335.95
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Abstract
This paper defines a caregiver, both primary and secondary caregivers, as anyone who is able and willing to carry out the numerous tasks associated with managing an Alzheimer and Dementia Disease (AD) patient and specifically describes California caregivers, spouses, adult sons and daughters. Latino caregivers and men and women caregivers. The author points out that, although there is a wealth of research into caregiving by women, there is relatively little literature about caregiving by men because the overwhelming of number caregivers for AD patients are women. The paper concludes that sons as caregivers have generally assumed their role voluntarily rather than as a cultural expectation as is the case with daughters; men have been shown to keep their caregiving role a secret from their workplace: Society has not yet granted sons equality in this arena. Six tables.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Statement of the Problem
Need for the Study
Goals of the Study
Limitations of the Study
Delimitations of the Study
Objectives of the Study
Operational Definitions
Literature Review
What is Dementia?
What is Alzheimer's Disease?
Research on Alzheimer's and related Dementia
Who is a Caregiver?
Differences between Primary and Secondary Caregivers
Profile of California Caregivers
The Role Theory
Spouses as Caregivers
Adult Children as Caregivers
Women as Caregivers
Men as Caregivers
The Differences between Men and Women as Caregivers
Caregivers' burdens
Caregiving Outcomes
Research Methodology
Results and Discussion
Findings
Discussion
Summary and Conclusion
Support Groups and Other Resources for Caregivers
From the Paper
"Dementia is a word most people think they can define. Classically trained individuals will suggest it is simply the state of being "out of one's mind," based on the Latin roots of the word. But it is, these days, a state of being that is highly technically described, and a diagnosis of dementia-Alzheimer's or any other variety-is generally arrived at by batteries of tests. Functioning in regard to the material tested is assessed; those deviating too far from the norm are likely to be classified as suffering dementia. Lucas notes (1995) that "Clinical assessment has lagged behind research in memory disorders," but it is believed now that memory is regarded as a heterogeneous entity which is comprised of distinct systems; for example, long-term vs. short-term memory, and encoding vs. retrieval memory, and several other pairs of related brain functions. Memory, Lucas suggests, is at the root of a definition of dementia, and he explains a wide variety of memory types in locating dementia."
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Student Perceptions of Assessment.
This paper is a research proposal to study student perceptions of assessment.
4,270 words (approx. 17.1 pages), 7 sources, APA, AU$ 152.95
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Abstract
This paper describes a study of college students and the types of assessments that they receive, how they perceive these assessments and how valuable they see them when it comes to determining what types of assessments are best for deciding exactly how much a student has learned any particular course. The author points out that, even if the assessment is somewhat strange or rather difficult, a student who has full and thorough knowledge of the subject will be less uncomfortable with any type of assessment criteria than a student who has not learned the curriculum well and is therefore struggling to perform well on any type of assessment criteria. The paper relates that the research methodology is a focus group of between 7 and 10 students who will be asked specific questions some of which will be close-ended using yes/no or scales.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Statement of the Problem
Overview of the Study
Significance of the Study
Rationale of the Study
Scope of the Study
Review of the Literature
Methodology
Research Design and Approach
Procedures Used and Data Analysis
Research Considerations and Limitations
Validity and Uniqueness of Data
Summary
From the Paper
"Students often have very different perceptions about assessments than instructors do and rather than overlooking these perceptions as the naivete of youth it is more important to look at these perceptions as something worthwhile for instructors to consider when they create assessments for those students and the students that they will have in the future. By doing this many more students will be helped to learn everything that they need to know and students who are struggling to learn the material can be singled out much more easily based on the type of assessment given. When this is done students who are having difficulty with the material can receive extra help and reap the benefits of the instructor's knowledge of their difficulties."
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Arts Education in the Schools.
This paper discusses the methodology for a research project studying arts education in the schools.
1,225 words (approx. 4.9 pages), 1 source, MLA, AU$ 55.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the main hypothesis of this study is, while arts education in New Jersey is getting as much attention as it ever has, the state of New Jersey arts education has no effect either on school improvement initiatives related to arts education or on calculation of students' GPAs. The author further hypothesized that, while arts educators in New Jersey may well be feeling some dampening effects, financially or through curriculum demands, of NCLB, school districts typically do not receive funds from any outside sources, including parents groups, Booster Clubs, or local businesses to fund arts education programs. The paper includes the complete questionnaire developed by the U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, to be send to a sample consisting of 50% or more of the 604 New Jersey arts superintendents across virtually every school district in the state of New Jersey.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Restatement of Hypothesis
Sample description
Instrument
Data analysis
The Complete Questionnaire
From the Paper
"The standards came into being as a result of a reform effort generated in the 1980s, emerging in several states and gaining nationwide visibility with the publication of A Nation at Risk in 19783. As a result, six national educational goals were announced in 1990. Later, with the passage of the Goals 2000: Educate America Act, the goals were written into law, naming the arts as an essential academic subject as important to education as language, mathematics, history, civics and government, geography, the sciences and foreign language ability."
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English Second Language.
This paper is a research proposal to identify learning difficulties that students encounter when specifically learning literacy skills in the target language.
8,310 words (approx. 33.2 pages), 55 sources, APA, AU$ 238.95
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Abstract
This paper includes an extensive literature review that suggests interaction is a critical component of language learning, and that for children to be successful, they must be presented with a classroom environment that encourages competency through interaction, such as in immersion. The author points out that a majority of studies suggest SLA (second language acquisition) results from an integrative approach to learning in which students are encouraged to use the target language in conjunction with the native language to boost comprehension and understanding. The paper relates that the research methodology will be an exploratory case study approach because it is the optimal method for identifying questions and selecting measurement constructs when significant uncertainty exists with regard to a programs operations, goals, and results.
Table of Content
Literature Review
Background
Learning a Language
Summary: Learning a Language
Learning Difficulties with Reading
Summary: Learning Difficulties with Reading
Language 1 and Language 2 Transfer
Second Language Acquisition Issues
Summary: SLA Acquisition Issues
Research Methodology
Illustrative Case Study
Exploratory Case Study
Critical Instance Case Study
Program Implementation Case Study
Program Effects Case Study
Research Design
Data Analysis
Assumptions
Limitations
From the Paper
"Many studies exist that focus on learning English as a second language. The results of these studies indicate that learning a second language is challenging, and that a large population of students still struggle with language and literacy acquisition particularly in English. More than 2.8 million children enrolled in school in the United States are considered as having only limited English proficiency skills. Fifty percent of limited English students are enrolled in programs labeled "Transitional bilingual education" whose goals include literacy and content instruction in the native language with additional curriculum geared toward learning to speak and comprehend English. Formal instruction in English is achieved when students attain a certain level of competency in their native language literacy and when they have acquired adequate oral listening and comprehension skills in the English language."
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