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American Public Health System, 2007.
An analysis of the improvements to American public health in the period between the Civil War and World War II.
3,164 words (approx. 12.7 pages), 9 sources, MLA, AU$ 148.95
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Abstract
This paper presents an in-depth look at American urban history as it pertains to public health concerns. It focuses on the period between the Civil War and World War II. It particularly looks at the history of public health in New York City, Chicago, Newark and Seattle and how conditions have been improved in these cities to improve the overall public health of the citizens.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
The Past
New York City
Chicago
Newark
Seattle
Conclusion
From the Paper
"In Seattle, for example, the city implemented something called a Chlorine Boat. It was a boat that traveled on Green Lake and deposited gallons of chlorine into the water in effort to purify the water supply to that area. At that time the Seattle Health Department and Water Department worked in tandem to try and provide the purest water supply possible in the interest of public health. For many years before World War II Seattle allowed the Public Health Department to supervise and monitor the water supply."
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Gun Control, 2007.
This paper discusses policies regarding gun control in the U.S.
3,796 words (approx. 15.2 pages), 27 sources, MLA, AU$ 169.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that if one examines the history of the American government's gun control policy, then one realizes that these policies have less to do with the love of guns and more to do with the political process. Further, the writer maintains that while one can continue to put forward strong claims both for and against gun control, American history verifies the dedication towards pluralism and incrementalism. The writer points out that gun control policy evaluation reveals use of language and symbols that conflicts with complicated methods of policy formulation and execution. Further, the writer notes that the trouble free access to a large figure of guns has been associated with the high crime rates throughout the country.
Outline:
Introduction
History
Penetration of the Federal Government
Assassinations Revive the Issue
Execution of GCA and the General Reaction of the Public
The Enactment of the Brady's Bill
The democratic power of interest groups
Use of democratic ideals for achieving political ends
Democratic action (or lack of it)
Systemic Roots of Indecision
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The passing of Sullivan Law in New York in 1909, which legalized the possession of guns, opened the doors of gun possession to the general public. This law has been passed during the time when ban on drug-use and alcohol-consumption was being strongly advanced. The passing of Sullivan Law has been not only as an outcome of this but also due to fear of increase in crime rates and population of new immigrants. In the New York City the police had strict control over the use of guns and only the most influential were allowed to possess handguns. This successful control over possession of handguns was being used as a model by supporters of Gun Control; while the opponents were using this situation to unite its support."
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Federal Government Improvement of the National Economy, 2006.
A review of the United States' rapid economic growth.
1,924 words (approx. 7.7 pages), 5 sources, MLA, AU$ 99.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews and discusses the rapid economic growth of the United States. According to the paper productivity has been a key driving force behind the United States' rapid economic growth, especially in recent years. The paper further reports that this is also a key to future economic growth rates.
From the Paper
"Innovation is the single critical factor in economic growth and the source of US economic leadership as well as the foundation of its competitiveness in the global economy (Gates 2007).
If it must remain competitive, it must take two critical steps in creating and retaining a workforce of the world's brightest minds. One is to demand strong schools for Americans entering the workforce in the fields of math, science and problem-solving skills. The second is to make it easier for foreign-born scientists and engineers to work for US companies. Businesses must advocate for strong educational policies in science and mathematics for education relevant to the needs of business. Meanwhile, government should work with educators to reform schools and improve educational excellence (Gates)."
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Presidential Pardon Power, 2007.
A look at the US president's power to grant pardon.
1,523 words (approx. 6.1 pages), 3 sources, MLA, AU$ 81.95
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Abstract
This paper presents a discussion about the pardoning powers of the United States president. The paper explores the general powers to pardon that are given to the president and the controversies that have come up with regard to that power over the years.
Outline:
Introduction
The Power
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Throughout the years presidential pardons have sparked intense controversy. Issues such as Richard Nixon deciding to pardon Jimmy Hoffa, and then the public later finding out that Hoffa had previously made several illegal contributions to the Nixon campaign fund gave rise to scrutinizing the pardon power of the president.
Later president Gerald Ford riled the public once again when he publicly pardoned Nixon for any federal crimes he may have committed while he was president. Ford did this when Nixon was not even under any indictment which sparked an angry outcry from public officials and residents alike. "
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American Health Care Managers, 2007.
This paper discusses the state of the American healthcare system and the challenges faced by health care managers.
1,460 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 14 sources, MLA, AU$ 78.95
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Abstract
The paper relates that inequalities in the American healthcare system present a number of challenges to American health care managers. The paper explains that health care managers manage the state of affairs and day-to-day operations of this extremely complex system. The paper discusses their problems that include universal access to healthcare for all Americans, use of modern technology in every aspect of healthcare, universal insurance coverage for all Americans, adequate staffing in all urban and rural areas and lastly, communication with the patient so as to attain consumer satisfaction on a daily basis.
From the Paper
"Current trends show that the American healthcare system has been consistently on the decline. A gloomy picture depicted by World Health Organization (WHO) is a mere reflection of the current state of affairs. For instance, in 2000, a pioneering WHO report, which assessed healthcare systems of each and every country, positioned American healthcare system at 37 squeezed in the middle of Costa Rica, at number 36, and Slovenia, at number 38 (Lander, 2000). This rapid decline has been taking place despite the fact that America's health care expenditures are by far the largest amongst the 191 members of W.H.O."
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Global Warming, 2007.
An look at global warming from the lay person's perspective.
2,392 words (approx. 9.6 pages), 13 sources, APA, AU$ 119.95
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Abstract
This paper gives a detailed examination of global warming, including how it developed as an issue. The author also attempts to establish the validity of global warming, and to understand whether the average lay individual believes in this theory. The paper then examines the controversy and debate about global warming in light of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and other powerful organizations' declarations that global warming is a possible severe risk to the world. This analysis looks to analyze how lay individuals see the debate and concludes by testing their understanding of global warming.
Outline:
Introduction
Background Understanding
Survey
Interview
Conclusion
Bibliography
From the Paper
"Overall the interview process revealed no real surprises. The majority of individuals who actually believe in global warming do so because of media influence. Their understanding of global warming as a specter of danger rather than concrete scientific definition is extremely disturbing. It is also an accurate picture of the reality of the American public's perception of global warming. Only a very small slice of the pejorative population actually understands the facts behind global warming. Upon understanding these facts, few are inclined to completely thrust themselves into the mainstream understanding of the dynamics of the greenhouse effect and how such an effect will cause dramatic damage to the Earth. Through this interview and the survey, a vivid and diverse picture of global warming and its actual understanding on the populace has been painted."
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Fluoridated Water, 2007.
An analysis of the risks and benefits of consuming fluoridated water.
881 words (approx. 3.5 pages), 11 sources, MLA, AU$ 51.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the benefits of water fluoridation. It begins by describing the controversy surrounding fluoridating water and some of the potential health risks associated with consuming fluoridated water. It then goes on to describe the benefits that have been seen in countries where fluoridated water is used, particularly in the realm of pediatric dental health.
From the Paper
"The April 2000 Journal of Dental Research states that the use of fluoride over the past 4 decades has been the primary factor in saving up to $40 billion in oral health care costs in America. Children living in areas without fluoridated water are 3 times more likely to have dental decay. Left untreated, decay can lead to tooth loss, malocclusion, and even the need for dentures later in life."
"Clearly, fluoridated water prevents tooth decay. Years of research prove the benefits of fluoride far outweigh any possible side effects. Children lose when fluoride is removed from the public water. The most vulnerable are from low-income areas where they have no other preventative advantages. Opponents argue that fluoridated water is a forced medicine on the public. On the contrary, fluoride is a naturally occurring mineral used to prevent dental decay. Children should be the main consideration in the fluoridation fight. The water should remain fluoridated for them."
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Urban Government, 2007.
This paper discusses how urbanization and local governments changed the face of local politics.
1,346 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 5 sources, MLA, AU$ 73.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses that over a century before the age of industrialization and urbanization in America, the Founding Fathers held conflicting visions of what form localized governments should take. Federalists like James Madison, though they may not have envisioned the sheer size to which American cities would grow, espoused a strong centralized system of government. The writer notes that the Federalist model would be evident in the urban machine model that characterized the city governments of almost all major American centers during the Industrial Age. The writer further points out that the town council system and the urban machine model remain viable in various cities throughout the nation. The writer concludes that if the Founding Fathers agreed on anything related to urban governance, it was that localities should at the very least be able to choose a model that best represented the needs and desires of its residents, rather than force each municipality to conform to a predefined structure.
From the Paper
"Diverse models of urban governance were originally due to historical, commercial, regional and cultural variations. For example, New England town councils and town halls reflected an ideal of self-rule and direct democracy. Stronger, more centralized systems of local governance such as those present in New York and Boston continue to reflect the Federalist tradition. The nature of municipal governments in many cases reflects state constitutions, as state governments allocate institutional, pragmatic, social, and fiscal responsibilities to the municipalities within their borders. Issues of local interest including street lighting, pavement, garbage collection, and water supply generally fall under the jurisdiction of the urban government. Therefore, city governments have the responsibility to levy taxes, as local interests cannot be fully funded by state or federal taxes alone."
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The Good Samaritan Law, 2007.
This paper looks at the Good Samaritan Law and discusses its concept and implications to health care.
965 words (approx. 3.9 pages), 5 sources, MLA, AU$ 56.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses the implications of the Good Samaritan Law. The writer explains that such laws encourage individuals to come to the aid of those who need assistance during emergency situations without doubting if there are legal implications of their actions. The writer maintains that in general, Good Samaritan Laws are established to protect rescuers from civil liability when providing emergency care. This, in effect, motivates people to help others during emergency situation. The writer concludes that there are still precautionary measures and actions that everybody has to take when helping during emergency situations, especially when most of these situations are a matter of life and death.
From the Paper
"It should be noted that the scope and limitations of the Good Samaritan Law vary from each state. In West Virginia, the Good Samaritan Law applies to medical and non-medical trained people who render emergency care to the victim provided that he/she did not charge the victim and that it is rendered in good faith. In Pennsylvania, the law does not apply to non-medically trained individual who rendered emergency service. In the District of Columbia, individuals who do not have a medical license to assist during emergency is immune from civil liability if they handover the victim to a licensed medical person. Both the physician and the paramedic are not held liable during emergency situation unless it is proven that negligence in handling the victim was committed and that they charge the patient for their service. Although the scope and limitations of the law vary from each state, it is noted that the common variables in implementing this law include the absence of remuneration in rendering service during emergency situations, positive, good-faith effort for helping the victim, and promptness and propriety of actions while delivering the service. And because the provisions of the law differs for each state, it is imperative to know and to understand the coverage of Good Samaritan Law in each state to know if future actions will make a person liable to existing moral and civil laws."
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| Essay # 96705 |
temporarily unavailable
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Model Disaster Plan for Airport, 2007.
A discussion of an airport disaster plan.
4,454 words (approx. 17.8 pages), 6 sources, MLA, AU$ 188.95
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Abstract
This paper examines a model disaster plan for a small regional airport. The paper explains why the Federal Aviation Authority is encouraging travelers to use regional airports and discusses how important it is for even small facilities to have practical and working disaster plans. The author points this out in light of the 9/11 terrorist attack. The role of various staff members of the airport is highlighted in the paper. The paper includes an appendix of airport safety procedures.
Outline:
Abstract
Statement of Problem
Disasters Included/Excluded from Consideration
Rationale for Included/Excluded Disasters
Personnel and Their Duties: Authority and Responsibility
Personnel Internal and Response Team
Interfaces to Persons both Internal and External to Your Operation
Response Plan and Procedures
Scenario of Events
Fire/Chemical/ Biohazard Threat or Spill
Weather or Natural Disaster Concerns
Regional Power Failure
Earthquake
Tornado
On-site Medical Emergency
In-Flight Emergencies
Terrorist Activity/Security Violations
Requirements for Response Team Activities
Communication and Documentation
References to Supporting Literature
Appendix 1 (recommendations of pre-flight responsibilities including legal and suggested by Willamette Aviation)
Pilot Responsibilities Checklist/ Violation of which will require review and potential suspension of flight privileges:
From the Paper
"Disasters that are likely to occur include natural disasters such as regional, onsite or aircraft fires and or collisions, power failure, individual medical emergencies (including one or more people) floods, earthquakes, heavy winds and biochemical and or chemical hazards, such as spills are included as well as those that must be accounted for but are less likely to occur such as hijacking, terrorist attack and or infiltration or intentional biochemical or chemical attacks either originating at this airport or as an attack on it."
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"Flat Broke With Children"--A Review, 2007.
A review of Sharon Hayes' seminal work on poverty "Flat Broke With Children: Women in the Age of Welfare Reform."
2,042 words (approx. 8.2 pages), 1 source, MLA, AU$ 104.95
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Abstract
This review of "Flat Broke With Children: Women in the Age of Welfare Reform" by Sharon Hayes describes this work as a cry for change in the ways that America views poverty, motherhood, welfare and work. In particular, the review describes how Hayes sees welfare as a controversial topic because it seems to go against core American values. The review considers current welfare reform, and how it ultimately harms mothers and children. Although Hayes favors welfare reform, she believes it must include job training for employment that provides a good salary and that process of weaning someone from welfare must be gradual. The review concludes that there must also be a national acknowledgment of the need for some collective concern for the common good and the future of the nation's children who are the silent victims of so-called welfare reform.
From the Paper
"Also, the fact that so many single women with children are on welfare in the United States further contradicts the nation's self-perception as a nation of strong 'family values' where the nuclear family is the norm. The United States wishes to see itself as a compassionate nation that loves children, but to support children and single mothers with welfare with what are seen as 'free handouts' makes many people angry, even if they have little sense of the people receiving such social support. Theoretically, according to the national myth, such single, needy mothers and children should not exist--the father should be the breadwinner."
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Universal Health Care, 2007.
A presentation of a potentially new and improved universal health care system for the United States.
1,883 words (approx. 7.5 pages), 7 sources, MLA, AU$ 98.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the present state of the health care system in the United States. In an effort to improve that system, the paper defines what constitutes a better health care system, what would be included in that system and the role of the parties involved in the new system. It then looks at the political and sociological factors that would be involved in enacting the changes presented (as a universal health care system) and ultimately, summarizes this new, universal health care system.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Present State of United States Healthcare
Definition of a Better Health Care System
What is Included in a Better Health Care System
Role and Position of Payers, Purchasers and Providers in the New System
Political and Sociological Factors to Enact the Changes
Summary
From the Paper
"Politically, there needs to be a "crossing of the aisle" for those who are politically opposed to one another in the halls of Congress and Senate if the new system will ever happen because of the Federal role in financing, accounting, and administrating the new system. Perhaps most importantly, what the political officials need to understand is that this is an American, or more precisely human issue, rather than one that is associated with one political party or the other. A healthy population is best for everyone and should not be discarded for the sake of political wrangling, advantage, or the pursuit of power. If everyone in all political parties work together to allocate the necessary resources, then and only then can this system be born, grow and prosper over the long term (Nichols, 2003)."
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Disaster Evacuation Plans, 2007.
An outline of evacuation plans for various sorts of disasters.
1,062 words (approx. 4.2 pages), 3 sources, APA, AU$ 60.95
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Abstract
This paper highlights the necessity of a well-organized evacuation plan in the case of natural or other sorts of disasters. Mass evacuations and the different situations in which they are necessary are described. The author stresses the importance of proper information dissemination during evacuation and sheltering the evacuees. The paper concludes with warnings about looting during emergencies and the need for appropriate law enforcement.
Outline:
Introduction
Evacuation Procedures
Reference List
From the Paper
" Mass evacuation normally happens when a major threat to a certain community, building or anyplace were majority of the people therein are at risk. There are different types of mass evacuation namely pre-event evacuation, post-event evacuation, voluntary evacuation and mandatory evacuation. A pre-event evacuation occurs 'when the level of risk is uncertain while post-evacuation occurs if it has been assessed that the situation has been contained. On the other hand, voluntary evacuation happens when the people themselves choose to move out of their place, with or without instructions from the outsiders. A mandatory evacuation occurs when a lead agency imposes the people to leave the area (Mass Evacuation, 2006). "
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John Calvin, Thomas More & Niccolo Machiavelli, 2006.
A review of insights from John Calvin, Thomas More and Niccolo Machiavelli regarding the degree of separation between the Church and the State.
1,669 words (approx. 6.7 pages), 2 sources, MLA, AU$ 88.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the "arbiter" role that religion played to the government and civil society, as reflected in the works of the theologians John Calvin and Thomas More, and political scientist Niccolo Machiavelli. The paper reviews Calvin's "Conversion and Call to Geneva" and More's "Utopia," comparatively analyzing them against Machiavelli's "The Prince".
From the Paper
"Case in point shown in Machiavelli's discourse is the inability of Church leaders to help lead civil society towards betterment and improvement of its state, as Western history had shown. The Pope, as he pointed out, did not have the political power to govern his own clergy, which demonstrates the Pope's inability to govern a bigger number of people, such as civil society. Evidence of the Pope's inability to lead over his clergy is the tendency for cardinals to attempt to usurp each other's, and the Pope's, powers, for their self-promotion and the creation of factions even within the Church organization."
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Top Five US Presidents, 2006.
A subjective review of the top five US presidents.
1,779 words (approx. 7.1 pages), 6 sources, APA, AU$ 93.95
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Abstract
This paper relates the subjective opinion of the author, as to which of the US Presidents rated the top five. According to the paper, these five are Thomas Jefferson, Ronald Reagan, Dwight Eisenhower, Franklin Roosevelt, and George H.W. Bush. The paper goes on to justify the selection of the author.
From the Paper
"When he became the President in 1953, the US was bogged down in the stalemated Korean War. Some war hawks had expected Eisenhower, the soldier, to escalate the war. Instead, he did the opposite, promptly ending the war with honor. The 1950s were the peak of the Cold War era when nuclear confrontation between the US and the Soviet Union, was a very real possibility. Eisenhower was determined to avoid such a war at all costs, and he did so successfully. Like Reagan, Ike was also a great believer in delegation of powers to competent assistants as he realized that the job of a President had become far too complex for one individual to direct all its details. (Kengor, 1998). Because of his deliberate laid back style, Eisenhower was often erroneously regarded as a lazy, intellectual lightweight. Nothing could have been further from the truth. Just as the "proof of the pudding is in its eating," Ike's presidency "gave America eight good years during which there were no wars, no riots, no inflation--just peace and prosperity." (William Ewald, quoted by Kengor, 1998) His ranking at No. 3 is, therefore, well earned."
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