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Mental Illness, 2008.
Compares the view and prevalence of mental illness among modern and traditional societies.
2,085 words (approx. 8.3 pages), 6 sources, APA, AU$ 83.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the view that traditional societies are less friendly to individuals with mental illness, which leads to the perception that there is less mental illness when, in truth, it is simply more well hidden. The paper then compares views of mental illness in modern socieites, and, in particular in Canada, to those of traditional socieities such as China, the Aboriginal socieites of Canada, and Middle Eastern societies and concludes that there is no single answer to how traditional cultures treat mental illness.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Mental Illness in Modern Societies
Mental Illness in Canada
Mental Illness in Traditional Societies
Mental Illness in Canada's Aboriginal Population
Conclusion
From the Paper
"It is this kind of practice that differentiates the Chinese and the Canadian process of caring for the mentally ill and may lead to a difference in how they are perceived. However, the practice goes far beyond simple numbers on a percentage scale. Some traditional cultures rely first on their own traditional forms of mental healing, turning only to modern solutions when their preferred methods fail to work. In Morocco, for example, a Berber family might first consult a fquih, a traditional healer, before turning to the services of the Centre Psychiatrique Universitaire Ibn Rochd (CPU) to treat mental illness."
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Freud and Nietzsche, 2008.
Compares Sigmund Freud and Friedrich Nietzsche's conceptions of the human self.
1,340 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 4 sources, APA, AU$ 58.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that both Freud and Nietzsche wrote at length about what it is that keeps people from achieving happiness and fulfillment. The author points out that, by rejecting the claims and holds of religion upon truth and its value in elevating the human condition, Freud and Nietzsche were revolutionaries. The paper suggests that, while both take similar approaches and appear to be judging the world from an objective standpoint, they both, especially Freud, clearly fall into their own subjective traps in delimiting the nature of the self, its habits, its inadequacies and its reason for being.
From the Paper
"Clearly, for Nietzsche, it is this desire to impose order upon the world that is the basic human drive, that which distinguishes people from animals, and is a basic need that all people share--which tells us why language exists, and science, and the law. This ability to impose an ordering on the world is what makes us human, the fundamental drive that creates order allows us to maintain that order and to be social beings. Perhaps it is the social aspect which is the real, underlying drive and which creates our need to believe that the world which surrounds us is classifiable, quantifiable and static."
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Being Gifted in Ontario, 2008.
An examination of gifted students in Ontario.
932 words (approx. 3.7 pages), 5 sources, MLA, AU$ 42.95
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Abstract
This paper examines all aspects of being a gifted learner in Ontario Canada. The paper explains that depending on how one interprets the purposes of education, what is discussed as giftedness in Ontario education may need revision. The paper also points out that matters of identifying the gifted child should center on the child genuinely hampered by general classes, and when giftedness is identified consideration should be made as to whether the child wants to be streamed towards a gifted program or not. The paper concludes that the numbers of children identified as gifted do prefer to remain in the mainstream and have no objection to their experiences of being different or more advanced. The students enjoy positive relations with peers, and attend to other aspects of their development beyond the scholastic achievement that tends to preoccupy adults.
Outline:
Introduction
Critique
Concluding Discussion
From the Paper
"Such 'gifted' tendencies as showing impatience, diverse interests, faster learning than other students or having a 'zany sense of humour' may not always indicate the outstanding potential that Weber & Bennett assert. (2004) Listed traits nearly all refer to the extroverted child, so that an alert reader questions how many perhaps strongly gifted children are missed who manifest a withdrawn and serious manner, shyness, a failure to speak out in class, some difficulty in learning class materials but other abilities at high level. Perhaps every reader can think of a person considered average or even challenged, later given IQ testing and found to be in the 99th percentile. Weber & Bennett's stereotype of giftedness, moreover, does not fit well with children from cultures valuing fine manners, a solemn attitude towards education, and a lack of North American outspokenness that may be mistaken for intelligence or aptitude for school."
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Academic Self-Analysis, 2008.
A self-analysis by a student as part of a course in counseling adolescents.
1,245 words (approx. 5.0 pages), 1 source, APA, AU$ 54.95
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Abstract
This paper is an analysis by an A+ mature student, mother of two children, who takes learning very seriously. The author discusses the issues in the Counseling Psychology program, which interest her the most: modern adolescent sexual relationships, adolescent drug use, suicide and childhood development especially the concept of attachment. The paper relates these topics to the author's own experiences.
From the Paper
"Childhood development in general is a field of concern to me. I learned early on in my professional education that creating a safe environment is the foundation for healthy development. I suppose this also comes from my own reflections of my life experiences and who I am. I understand the importance of children and adolescents developing a sense of belonging, positive attachments, and being exposed to a safe and encouraging learning environment."
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Jay Conger's "Learning to Lead", 2008.
A book review of Jay Conger's "Learning to Lead: The Art of Transforming Managers into Leaders".
1,090 words (approx. 4.4 pages), 1 source, APA, AU$ 49.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Jay Conger's "Learning to Lead: The Art of Transforming Managers into Leaders" is an insightful and interesting book discussing the topic of leadership in depth. The paper points out that Conger spends some effort attempting to prove the theoretical foundation in which leadership must be grounded. The paper also points out that Conger argues that many leadership qualities are inherent at birth and require consistent nurturing and still many others leadership qualities can be developed. The paper then states that Conger presupposes that situational and transformation leadership models are the only two effective models for the contemporary business environment. The paper describes these models.
From the Paper
"While many of the underlying principles for establishing and building communications in an organization are universal, the approaches to leadership have taken many different tangents in the late 20th and early 21st century in order to raise productivity, to improve motivational response, and create organizational culture in which communicative process as described by Conger are fostered. Thus, for Conger and other leadership authors, these post-modern leadership models are largely based on the willingness if not the responsibility to effectively guide and teach others."
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Psychological Theories on Child Development, 2008.
A case study analysis examining the behavioral theorist's view on child development and morality.
2,676 words (approx. 10.7 pages), 8 sources, MLA, AU$ 102.95
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Abstract
This paper presents a case of a student in a fifth-grade class (eleven years of age) who has submitted a book report that has been plagiarized from an Internet site. The paper first describes the student's behavior according to the theories of child development and human behavior. The paper then focuses specifically on Lev Vygotsky's theories and discusses what approach should be undertaken to help this student improve his or her performance on essays.
From the Paper
"To end, it is fairly evident that there is a complex link between language and cognition that we ignore at our peril. More than that, Lev Vygotsky's work on child development gives us a measure of just how meaningful the environment around a child really is as he or she expands her psychological and intellectual wings. By comparison, the work of Jean Piaget provides us with some benchmarks but not with substantive suggestions. Ultimately, while the situation is not ideal, a therapeutic approach coupled with a strong support system might be all that is needed to turn this situation around."
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Divorce and Female Children, 2008.
This paper discusses the effects of divorce on adolescent girls.
1,959 words (approx. 7.8 pages), 6 sources, APA, AU$ 79.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer looks at how children are affected by divorce and focuses on the effects on girls. The writer notes that in many instances female adolescents are adversely affected because of conflict in the divorce process. The writer points out that when this conflict occurs the female youth can react by becoming sexually active, abusing substances or having thoughts of suicide. These circumstances are the result of anxiety and/or depression that must be treated in order for the child to overcome her ordeal successfully. The writer maintains that the most effective manner of treatment is cognitive-behavioral therapy, which may be used in conjunction with prescription medications, to aid the adolescent in dealing with the devastation of the life situation. The writer concludes that this treatment, coupled with support systems through family, friends and education, can allow the youth to gain new insight into the situation and once again become a self-confident and fully functioning individual.
Outline:
Introduction
The Issue
Mental Disorder
Treatment Recommendations/Interventions
Conclusion
From the Paper
"In these cases, instead of the child becoming overly socially active, the child closes herself off from the world, to include peer groups, family members and teachers. The longer that the conflict exists and is elevated, the more deeply into depression the youth becomes and the greater the risk there is of suicidal thoughts.
"This information indicates that when conflict exists between parents involved in divorce female adolescents are adversely affected. The degree to which these youth respond to the conflict will depend on the extent that the child is drawn into the issue and how long the conflict occurs. What is known, however, is that anxiety and depression can create scenarios in which teen females risk disease, pregnancy and death. The severity of these risks calls for an examination of the appropriate mental disorders that are cited and the treatments that will assist this population for the future."
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The Evolution of Sexual Attraction, 2008.
This paper discusses the motivations behind procreation and sexual attraction.
1,637 words (approx. 6.5 pages), 9 sources, APA, AU$ 68.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that successful copulation and reproduction has been propagated by the human species for millions of years. The writer points out that this process has been studied and researched for centuries to determine the physiological and psychological motivations behind procreation and sexual attraction. The field of evolutionary psychology has attempted to do so, and derives evidence from psychology, neuroscience, anthropology, comparative zoology, sociology, behavioral genetics, and many other fields. The writer discusses that through such studies, more insight may be gained as to sexual attraction, mate choices, and social decisions regarding sex and relationship between men and women. The writer maintains that there is no doubt that human beings will continue mating and reproducing, yet the whole process continues to have a mysterious aura surrounding it. The writer then concludes that although study after study has been conducted, the physiological and psychological motivations behind procreation and sexual attraction are still elusive.
Outline:
Introduction
Evolutionary Function of Orgasms
What Men and Women Find Attractive
Social vs. Sexual Attraction
Conclusion
From the Paper
"This modern day psychology of the human male is no doubt an offshoot from his male ancestors who were physiologically urged to over-reproduce to insure survival of the species.
"Women, on the other hand, do not appear to have such a physiological or psychological need to procreate with multiple males, as women do not compete with other female ova during sexual encounters. Therefore, short-term sexual partners for women may function only to evaluate possible long-term mates, and serve more of a social function whether than a sexual or reproductive one."
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Psychological Theories of Human Development, 2008.
An analysis of the psychoanalytic, learning, humanistic, cognitive and ethological theories of human development.
1,853 words (approx. 7.4 pages), 12 sources, APA, AU$ 75.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses some of the main theories of human development that focus on cognitive development, environmental influences and a combination of the two. It looks at theories that include psychoanalytic, learning, humanistic, cognitive and ethological. The paper focuses on the theory that best aligns with the writer's own approach to teaching - Albert Bandura's theory of learning and social cognition.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Psychoanalytic Theory
Learning Theory
Humanistic Theory
Cognitive Theory
Ethological Theory
Theorist who's Beliefs Align with My Approach to Teaching
How this Theory Directly Applies and Relates to the Classroom
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The work of Albert Bandura has emphasized the role of environmental influences in shaping behavior patterns so much so that he has laid the responsibility for creating positive environments for child development directly at the feet of parents, teachers, and other caregivers. The principles of social learning through modeling and reinforcement have also made adults, especially teachers, very aware of the role they play in modeling behaviors for children. During the school year, school age children spend more hours at school than at home, therefore, the behavior of their teachers is extremely important in relation to social learning and behavior modeling. Additionally, Bandura's view that individuals have partial control over the environment around them by their reaction to it has great implications for the classroom. It can be surmised that when children feel comfortable and at ease in the classroom they will excel. Especially if these children do not feel powerless, but instead feel as though they have some control, however minor, over the environment."
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Erik Erickson and Me, 2008.
A review of the author's own personal development as related to Erik Erickson's eight developmental stages.
970 words (approx. 3.9 pages), 4 sources, APA, AU$ 44.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the author has behaviors that she is still coping with and wants to change. The author then describes Erik Erickson's eight developmental stages for every human being and relates them to her own behaviors. The author concludes that her present issues are recurring in her life because of her inability to complete all previous stages of personality development.
From the Paper
"Yet, it is also significant to note that, while I am currently experiencing these particular issues, I am also striving to overcome them in my life - all at the same time. This may be because of my need to fully function as an adult in the generativity vs. stagnation stage, in which I have a need to offer care and support to others. In my quest to be successful at this stage, therefore, the problems that have impacted me in other stages are now coming to light and must be addressed."
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Development according to John Bowlby, 2008.
A self-analysis of the writer's development from early childhood through to adulthood, according to John Bowlby's attachment theory.
4,234 words (approx. 16.9 pages), 8 sources, APA, AU$ 143.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the writer's development according to John Bowlby's attachment theory of child development from 1958. It describes the writer's early life and his relationship with various members of his family. It then looks at his developing life during middle childhood, adolescence and adulthood. Finally, the paper presents a self-analysis of the writer's development.
Table of Contents:
Family Background
Early Years
Middle Childhood and Adolescence
Adulthood
Developmental Assets
Self-Analysis
From the Paper
"In retrospect, it is unusual for me to look over my life story through the present analysis and evaluate myself and my own behaviors. It was interesting for me to relive the moments that have defined my evolution and the arrangement of my family hierarchy. It was certainly in some ways difficult to recall events in an objective manner, as the memory of early youth may be tainted by emotions. There is also the fact that, as a child, I was not able to observe the family dynamics in the same way that an adult might - important events were no doubt shielded from me by my parents and older siblings. However, this phenomenon is universal to children in general. We are all subject to good and bad childhood events, and are made blind to such happenings at the same time. At the same time we all as adults recall past events in the haze of a positive or negative memory - particularly memories of adolescence, which is universally a trying stage of one's life."
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Body Language, 2008.
A comparative analysis of the theories of Charles Darwin and Julius Fast concerning the use of body language.
837 words (approx. 3.3 pages), 2 sources, APA, AU$ 37.95
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Abstract
This paper compares two divergent views of unspoken communication, known of late as body language. The earlier work is by Charles Darwin first published in 1872, the later is a publication by Julius Fast, published nearly one hundred years later. The paper discusses how, although the meaning of the expressive language is essentially the same, the roots and origins of these emotions are interpreted differently by the two authors. These differences and contrasting opinions are reviewed and explained.
From the Paper
"There is a fascinating contrast between the interpretations of non-verbal cues as observed by a nineteenth century observers and similar observations that are the beneficiary of nearly a century of psychological investigations. Charles Darwin (1965) conducted extensive observations of the expression of emotions by both humans and animals and concluded that similar emotions are expressed in similar manners regardless of the cultural background of the individual conveying their emotions (p.347). Julius Fast relates similar conclusions, except he has the benefit of the psychological theorems developed in the proceeding hundred years (Fast, 1970, p.9). "
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Emotional Child Abuse, 2008.
This paper focuses on the problem of emotional child abuse, while looking at the issue of child abuse in general.
2,640 words (approx. 10.6 pages), 12 sources, APA, AU$ 101.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer examines child abuse as a whole, as well as emotional child abuse specifically. Different kinds of emotional abuse are examined, as well as the characteristics of the families that are prone to such abuse. In addition, this paper describes the impact that child abuse has on children and on society at large. Finally, potential treatment and prevention is suggested. The writer concludes that emotional abuse is a serious problem that requires society to further study this form of abuse and find more effective methods for its prevention and treatment.
Outline:
Definition of Child Abuse
Different Kinds of Emotional Child Abuse
Identifying Emotional Child Abuse
The Impact of Child Abuse
Prevention
Treatment
Conclusion
From the Paper
"One thing that makes child abuse difficult to treat or to prevent is that it is usually a recurring event. Given its prevalence across societal boundaries, it is also apparent that child abuse has few factors that assist in predicting the homes in which it will occur. That is, child abuse is equally prevalent in all economic, ethnic, and racial groups, which makes identification of abusive households difficult. However, domestic violence and child abuse are often paired; it is in such households that emotional abuse is the side effect of spousal physical or emotional abuse. For this reason, it is safe to conclude that parents are often the emotional abusers, which may differentiate emotional abuse somewhat from physical or sexual abuse. However, if a child tells a parent of abuse that has occurred, or if a parent becomes aware of abuse occurring in other environments, then he or she has a legal obligation to report the incident(s) to the proper authorities."
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Social Psychology and the Media, 2008.
An overview of three well known social psychological theories.
4,608 words (approx. 18.4 pages), 9 sources, APA, AU$ 152.95
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Abstract
This paper examines three famous social psychological theories and attempts to find their proofs in a variety of media, including novels, magazine articles, print ads and tv shows. In addition to looking for proof, the author also attempts to come to a deeper understanding of the theories by examining how they function in their contexts.
From the Paper
"Robert Zajonc's drive theory explains the audience effect, which is the effect that an audience has on a person performing a task. If the person is highly proficient at the task, doing it in front of an audience will induce them to perform much better at it than they would if they were alone. At the same time, an audience's effect on a person who is unfamiliar with, or not particularly adept at, a certain task will mean that they perform much worse than they ordinarily would. These disparate outcomes are due to the heightened arousal that a person will experience in front of other people, and this heightened arousal, caused by the stressful situation of being in front of others, will either spur us on if we feel sure if success, or inhibit us if we fear failure."
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Integrating Psychology and Christianity, 2008.
Reviews David Entwistle's 2004 book "Integrative Approaches To Psychology And Christianity: An Introduction To Worldview Issues, Philosophical Foundations and Models Of Integration".
1,080 words (approx. 4.3 pages), 1 source, APA, AU$ 47.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, between Christian theology and psychology, there is an on-going and sometimes unfortunate and very painful debate over the question whether a Christian can be a psychologist, and vice versa. The author points out that, in his book "Integrative Approaches To Psychology And Christianity: An Introduction To Worldview Issues, Philosophical Foundations, and Models Of Integration", David Entwistle, who is both a trained psychologist and an evangelical Christian, attempts an integrative approach, which tries to marry the two disciplines by reviewing the the on-going clashes between science and theology. The paper concludes that this book is a tool to help in a person's duty to go forth to love and serve the Lord.
From the Paper
"And from here? Certainly, my own experience is more common than I had thought. While I went through my night very much isolated from other people, I realize that many young people go through the same struggle, believing that there can be no reconciliation of their faith with their intellectual endeavors. To them I would begin with simple counsel: you are not alone, you are not the first to face this difficulty, and while it is a frightening and traumatic moment, it is one that others have faced, and from which others have given good counsel, drawn from their faith in a loving God."
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Nursing Burnout, 2008.
An examination of the problem of nurses suffering from burnout.
1,106 words (approx. 4.4 pages), 8 sources, APA, AU$ 49.95
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Abstract
This paper examines nurse burnout as a prevalent problem in many institutions. The paper explains that nurse burnout can be attributable to inadequate staffing and points out that the consequences of under-staffing are observed in terms of the decline in overall well-being of the nursing staff: staff exhaustion leading to high levels of stress and burnout, nurse dissatisfaction, absenteeism, and higher risk for disfranchisement from the profession. The paper then looks at the common method for calculating the nursing workload internally - the nurse-patient ratio. The paper concludes that while the evidence cited in the paper reflects different institutions, the extent to which burnout is seen should be assessed, as well as evaluated, to help find the possible contributing factors, both within and outside the hospital setting.
Outline:
Identification of Clinical Problem
Review of Literature
Research Critique
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Managers have attempted to adapt to the situation by maintaining flexibility in staff schedules depending on changing unit demands which are constantly changing. When a patient is so seriously ill that one nurse cannot perform care, one or more other nurses are needed for a limited time. At other times, such is not the case. However, the central problem in staffing is not attaining staff flexibility congruent to the unit's needs. The reality that it is not recognized by higher management, nor is it under the control of nurses further complicates the problem."
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