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Development according to John Bowlby, 2008.
A self-analysis of the writer's development from early childhood through to adulthood, according to John Bowlby's attachment theory.
4,234 words (approx. 16.9 pages), 8 sources, APA, AU$ 162.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the writer's development according to John Bowlby's attachment theory of child development from 1958. It describes the writer's early life and his relationship with various members of his family. It then looks at his developing life during middle childhood, adolescence and adulthood. Finally, the paper presents a self-analysis of the writer's development.
Table of Contents:
Family Background
Early Years
Middle Childhood and Adolescence
Adulthood
Developmental Assets
Self-Analysis
From the Paper
"In retrospect, it is unusual for me to look over my life story through the present analysis and evaluate myself and my own behaviors. It was interesting for me to relive the moments that have defined my evolution and the arrangement of my family hierarchy. It was certainly in some ways difficult to recall events in an objective manner, as the memory of early youth may be tainted by emotions. There is also the fact that, as a child, I was not able to observe the family dynamics in the same way that an adult might - important events were no doubt shielded from me by my parents and older siblings. However, this phenomenon is universal to children in general. We are all subject to good and bad childhood events, and are made blind to such happenings at the same time. At the same time we all as adults recall past events in the haze of a positive or negative memory - particularly memories of adolescence, which is universally a trying stage of one's life."
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Body Language, 2008.
A comparative analysis of the theories of Charles Darwin and Julius Fast concerning the use of body language.
837 words (approx. 3.3 pages), 2 sources, APA, AU$ 42.95
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Abstract
This paper compares two divergent views of unspoken communication, known of late as body language. The earlier work is by Charles Darwin first published in 1872, the later is a publication by Julius Fast, published nearly one hundred years later. The paper discusses how, although the meaning of the expressive language is essentially the same, the roots and origins of these emotions are interpreted differently by the two authors. These differences and contrasting opinions are reviewed and explained.
From the Paper
"There is a fascinating contrast between the interpretations of non-verbal cues as observed by a nineteenth century observers and similar observations that are the beneficiary of nearly a century of psychological investigations. Charles Darwin (1965) conducted extensive observations of the expression of emotions by both humans and animals and concluded that similar emotions are expressed in similar manners regardless of the cultural background of the individual conveying their emotions (p.347). Julius Fast relates similar conclusions, except he has the benefit of the psychological theorems developed in the proceeding hundred years (Fast, 1970, p.9). "
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Emotional Child Abuse, 2008.
This paper focuses on the problem of emotional child abuse, while looking at the issue of child abuse in general.
2,640 words (approx. 10.6 pages), 12 sources, APA, AU$ 114.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer examines child abuse as a whole, as well as emotional child abuse specifically. Different kinds of emotional abuse are examined, as well as the characteristics of the families that are prone to such abuse. In addition, this paper describes the impact that child abuse has on children and on society at large. Finally, potential treatment and prevention is suggested. The writer concludes that emotional abuse is a serious problem that requires society to further study this form of abuse and find more effective methods for its prevention and treatment.
Outline:
Definition of Child Abuse
Different Kinds of Emotional Child Abuse
Identifying Emotional Child Abuse
The Impact of Child Abuse
Prevention
Treatment
Conclusion
From the Paper
"One thing that makes child abuse difficult to treat or to prevent is that it is usually a recurring event. Given its prevalence across societal boundaries, it is also apparent that child abuse has few factors that assist in predicting the homes in which it will occur. That is, child abuse is equally prevalent in all economic, ethnic, and racial groups, which makes identification of abusive households difficult. However, domestic violence and child abuse are often paired; it is in such households that emotional abuse is the side effect of spousal physical or emotional abuse. For this reason, it is safe to conclude that parents are often the emotional abusers, which may differentiate emotional abuse somewhat from physical or sexual abuse. However, if a child tells a parent of abuse that has occurred, or if a parent becomes aware of abuse occurring in other environments, then he or she has a legal obligation to report the incident(s) to the proper authorities."
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Social Psychology and the Media, 2008.
An overview of three well known social psychological theories.
4,608 words (approx. 18.4 pages), 9 sources, APA, AU$ 172.95
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Abstract
This paper examines three famous social psychological theories and attempts to find their proofs in a variety of media, including novels, magazine articles, print ads and tv shows. In addition to looking for proof, the author also attempts to come to a deeper understanding of the theories by examining how they function in their contexts.
From the Paper
"Robert Zajonc's drive theory explains the audience effect, which is the effect that an audience has on a person performing a task. If the person is highly proficient at the task, doing it in front of an audience will induce them to perform much better at it than they would if they were alone. At the same time, an audience's effect on a person who is unfamiliar with, or not particularly adept at, a certain task will mean that they perform much worse than they ordinarily would. These disparate outcomes are due to the heightened arousal that a person will experience in front of other people, and this heightened arousal, caused by the stressful situation of being in front of others, will either spur us on if we feel sure if success, or inhibit us if we fear failure."
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Integrating Psychology and Christianity, 2008.
Reviews David Entwistle's 2004 book "Integrative Approaches To Psychology And Christianity: An Introduction To Worldview Issues, Philosophical Foundations and Models Of Integration".
1,080 words (approx. 4.3 pages), 1 source, APA, AU$ 54.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, between Christian theology and psychology, there is an on-going and sometimes unfortunate and very painful debate over the question whether a Christian can be a psychologist, and vice versa. The author points out that, in his book "Integrative Approaches To Psychology And Christianity: An Introduction To Worldview Issues, Philosophical Foundations, and Models Of Integration", David Entwistle, who is both a trained psychologist and an evangelical Christian, attempts an integrative approach, which tries to marry the two disciplines by reviewing the the on-going clashes between science and theology. The paper concludes that this book is a tool to help in a person's duty to go forth to love and serve the Lord.
From the Paper
"And from here? Certainly, my own experience is more common than I had thought. While I went through my night very much isolated from other people, I realize that many young people go through the same struggle, believing that there can be no reconciliation of their faith with their intellectual endeavors. To them I would begin with simple counsel: you are not alone, you are not the first to face this difficulty, and while it is a frightening and traumatic moment, it is one that others have faced, and from which others have given good counsel, drawn from their faith in a loving God."
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Nursing Burnout, 2008.
An examination of the problem of nurses suffering from burnout.
1,106 words (approx. 4.4 pages), 8 sources, APA, AU$ 55.95
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Abstract
This paper examines nurse burnout as a prevalent problem in many institutions. The paper explains that nurse burnout can be attributable to inadequate staffing and points out that the consequences of under-staffing are observed in terms of the decline in overall well-being of the nursing staff: staff exhaustion leading to high levels of stress and burnout, nurse dissatisfaction, absenteeism, and higher risk for disfranchisement from the profession. The paper then looks at the common method for calculating the nursing workload internally - the nurse-patient ratio. The paper concludes that while the evidence cited in the paper reflects different institutions, the extent to which burnout is seen should be assessed, as well as evaluated, to help find the possible contributing factors, both within and outside the hospital setting.
Outline:
Identification of Clinical Problem
Review of Literature
Research Critique
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Managers have attempted to adapt to the situation by maintaining flexibility in staff schedules depending on changing unit demands which are constantly changing. When a patient is so seriously ill that one nurse cannot perform care, one or more other nurses are needed for a limited time. At other times, such is not the case. However, the central problem in staffing is not attaining staff flexibility congruent to the unit's needs. The reality that it is not recognized by higher management, nor is it under the control of nurses further complicates the problem."
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The Psychology of Happiness, 2008.
This paper explores the psychological aspects of happiness and well-being.
2,416 words (approx. 9.7 pages), 10 sources, APA, AU$ 106.95
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Abstract
The paper reviews the various paths to achieving happiness and fulfillment through self-actualization or introspection. The paper demonstrates the role of the media in sowing the seeds of mistrust and unhappiness as well as the inherent disdain of this institution by both sides of the political spectrum. The paper then looks at what makes a happy and satisfied workforce. The paper also shows how happiness is individual, but the common thread is that happiness comes from within the person himself.
From the Paper
"What is the most fulfilling Life? The present population of the world is approximately 6.6 billion individuals (World Population Prospects, 2007, n.p), and most likely each with their own particular interpretation of life fulfillment and happiness, and each equally entitled their own opinion on the subject. The Founding Fathers of the United States of America viewed happiness as a birthright of the common man, "We hold these truths to be self evident, that all Men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness" (Declaration of Independence, 1974, p.1). The Merriam-Webster dictionary defines happiness as ". . . a state of well being and contentment. . ." (Merriam-Webster, 2007, n.p.)."
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Does Cannabis Lead to Psychosis?, 2008.
A critical review of the research on the relationship between schizophrenia and marijuana.
1,151 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 1 source, APA, AU$ 57.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses L. Degenhardt and W. Hall's research and examines their conclusion that cannabis use probably increases the risk of schizophrenia, particularly when it comes to genetically vulnerable individuals. The paper is of the opinion that Degenhardt and Hall's paper should be used only as a summary of general research since the work is limited and perhaps biased. The writer of this paper reveals that he himself remains unconvinced that marijuana usage can cause psychosis in a statistically significant number of individuals.
Outline:
Abstract
Evidence of Research
Method
Identification of Consumers
Interpretation of Findings
Concluding Statements
Utility and Limitations
Personal Reflections
From the Paper
"Degenhardt & Hall cite growing interest in a possible relationship between schizophrenia and marijuana as a motivator for research. Research is based primarily on exploring two established hypotheses: 1), that heavy cannabis use causes psychosis in those that would otherwise be free of such mental instability; and 2), that cannabis may exacerbate or precipitate schizophrenia in those already predisposed to the condition (2006, pp. 556-567). Evidence must therefore be based on the ability to prove that a link between cannabis and psychosis exists by eliminating other variables. Prior research has determined that cannabis may be linked to schizophrenia and related disorders based on the following various findings: that schizophrenia often follows a history of heavy cannabis consumption; that affected individuals show signs of amnesia and confusion; that some psychotic cannabis users display no personal or family history of the disorder; and evidence that psychosis fades after discontinued use of marijuana and reappears after marijuana use resumes (ibid, p. 557)."
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Obesity in America, 2008.
This paper examines the issues of obesity in America, focusing on the youth.
1,511 words (approx. 6.0 pages), 9 sources, APA, AU$ 71.95
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Abstract
In this essay the writer notes that there can scarcely be any question that obesity is a growing problem among American youth and a growing concern in the United States. Most of all, the simple reality is that there is no clear consensus on what factor contributes more so than any other to the rapid spread of obesity among young Americans. The writer discusses that some scholars favor the idea of physical inactivity as the cause, while others emphasize diet and still others insist that genetics are at play. The writer maintains that the uncertainty or ambiguity around the problem is brought into sharp relief by the fact that all of these factors undoubtedly play a role; we just do not know the precise extent to which each plays a role.
Outline:
Introduction
Obesity is a Growing Concern in the United States
Defining the Issue
Establishing that it is an Open-Ended Problem
Theory One
Theory Two
Theory Three
Discussion and Critical Evaluation of the Evidence
Quality of the Evidence
Conclusion: Solutions, Limitations and Recommendation
From the Paper
"The "Obesity as a Disease" perspective. Many individuals find evidence put forward in defense of this thesis problematic inasmuch as many people who have overweight parents do not become overweight themselves; the converse is also true. The problem with this evidence is also that, with such a strong correlation between physical activity and diet and obesity, there appear to be other factors which merit greater regard from academics. At the same time, the National Institute of Health and the World Health Organization (Edlin, 2004) both recently designated obesity as a disease - even though this designation, as Hwaley's 2006 work attests, has met with scrutiny among scholars who believe that obesity does not fit the criteria for being called a disease."
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The Biological Basis for Personality, 2008.
An analysis of the impact of environmental cues on the genetic predisposition of personality development.
2,561 words (approx. 10.2 pages), 5 sources, APA, AU$ 112.95
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Abstract
This paper is based on the premise that personality development is affected by the environmental cues an individual experiences throughout his or her life, within the confines of the genetic predisposition. It analyzes this perspective by focusing on two critical points. It discusses that there is an emerging consensus as to what constitutes the fundamental dimensions of personality traits and it suggests that these traits have a strong biological and evolutionary basis.
From the Paper
"Though it can be difficult to accept from a philosophical perspective, the evidence gleaned from several large twin studies clearly concludes that genetics plays a significant role in determining personality, accounting for roughly two-thirds of all observed personality differences. With such a significant influence, it becomes evidence that the role of the environment is greatly diminished and likely only affects how biological personality traits will express themselves, not which traits will develop. From a practical perspective, this means that clinicians must shift from an environmental control model of treatment to one that more fully addresses the basic biological underpinnings of personality development and personality disorders."
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Maternal Filicide and Mental Illness, 2008.
An analysis of the relationship between maternal filicide and mental illness.
1,146 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 7 sources, MLA, AU$ 57.95
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Abstract
This paper presents a case that occurred in New Port Richey, Florida, in which a young mother, Jessica Warren, killed her son. It describes her history of unstable behavior and family history of schizophrenia and then discusses research on the link between maternal filicide (or mothers killing their children) and mental illness. The paper concludes with a brief discussion on the need for continued future research into this area.
Table of Contents:
Filicide and Schizophrenia
Continued Research
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Warren may have believed the voices that she heard were real beings, as displayed by her belief that she was killing demons when she accidentally killed her son. Garrett and Silva (2003) suggest that this belief might be an error in "source monitoring," the process by which a person determines the origination of an event (p. 445). Garrett and Silva studied a population of 41 patients with auditory hallucinations, housed at an inner-city psychiatric service (pp. 447-448). Patients were subject to "semi-structured, recorded, and transcribed" interviews, which were then analyzed using the previously developed Source Monitoring Framework (pp. 446-447). Twelve percent of the patients reported hearing command hallucinations that were so powerful as to suggest a real presence. However, these voices were distinguishable from the voices of real people with whom they interacted (Garrett & Silva, 2003, p. 451)."
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Television Violence and Children, 2008.
This paper looks at the impact of television violence on aggression in children.
1,681 words (approx. 6.7 pages), 6 sources, MLA, AU$ 78.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer maintains that children learn from television that the easiest way to resolve personal problems and conflicts with others is through violence. There seems to be a clear connection between increasing violence in schools and society generally, and the content of television programs. The writer states that it also appears that the majority of parents do not believe that this continual exposure to violence is harmful to their children's development. The writer then points out that there is a significant increase in children's tendencies to aggression as a result of TV violence, which is demonstrated by social psychology research, the very strong evidence of longitudinal studies relating to children's aggression, and evidence from other types of research. The writer concludes that parents and concerned citizens need place pressure on the mass media to produce responsible programming.
Outline:
Introduction
Social Learning
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Violence is increasing in schools and colleges all across North America, and our whole society is accepting of violence. Children learn rapidly because they absorb information but lack the ability to discriminate between the messages that they are receiving. As Tulloch maintains, many forms of violence such as police violence depicted on TV are complicated social dilemmas. The existence of these problems does not indicate the society's attitude to violence but instead demands moral judgment and understanding of social meanings. Children obviously do not have the maturity to place this violence in context. Children learn from TV programs that the simplest way to resolve a dispute is through using fists or guns. However, messages about violence are received through a process. Based on the social cognitive model, aggressive behavior is preceded by a number of steps of information processing."
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Case Study: Domestic Violence, 2008.
A case study, which demonstrates the correlation between military deployment and spousal abuse.
860 words (approx. 3.4 pages), 3 sources, APA, AU$ 44.95
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Abstract
This paper is a case study, which looks at an abusive young private, who habitually has acted violently towards his common-law spouse after returning home from deployment. The author describes the situation, provides a tentative "best alternative to a negotiated agreement" (BATNA) and concludes by briefly detailing where the situation appears headed.
From the Paper
"The Best Alternative to a Negotiated Settlement (BATNA) would seem to be one wherein Jim agrees to attend counseling sessions for his Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder while Ruth is enrolled in classes designed to help her with her drinking problem. As for the children, the parents should have alternating days where one of them is expected to "take the lead" in the household management; in the past, both parties agreed that this approach would keep each active in the rearing of their children while allowing each a respite of sorts from the burden of parenting."
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The Financing of Terrorism, 2008.
This paper provides an analysis into the financing of terrorism, including motivation and the influence of the media.
1,941 words (approx. 7.8 pages), 6 sources, MLA, AU$ 88.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer examines and analyzes the financing of terrorism. The writer's analysis is divided into successive components entitled: Forms of Financing, Motivations for Financing Terrorism, Exploitation of the Media, and Disturbing Trends. The final sections offer a solution to the problem of terrorism. In addition, the writer provides a concluding commentary concerning the consequences if the fundamental causes of terrorism are not addressed through Western foreign policy changes and alternative fuels are not developed so reliance on Middle East oil can be ended.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Forms of Financing
Motivations for Financing Terrorism
Exploitation of the Media
Disturbing Trends
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Terrorists, of course, do not consider themselves to be irrational or self-righteous, they believe they are defending Muslims from Western domination and economic exploitation. Millions of Muslims throughout the Middle East share this belief, and help fund terrorist groups by making contributions to Islamic charities, which greatly exacerbates the difficulties for Western governments and intelligence agencies trying to cut off the financing of terrorism.
"The fundamental problem in combating the exploitation of Islamic charities by terrorist groups is the fact that the act of charity forms a very important part of Muslim law and tradition."
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Measures of Personality, 2008.
A descriptive essay evaluating character traits with respect to the employment of suitable personnel in the business world.
907 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 5 sources, APA, AU$ 47.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the measure of testing personalities and how it has altered over the years and then states the key factors required in determining character traits. The paper stresses that this is of particular importance when interviewing prospective people for positions in the business world. The paper concludes that there is no fool proof test in evaluating a persons abilities. The paper also states that the acid proof test is only when the person is placed in the practical environmental situation.
From the Paper
"The SLOAN notation system is used as the scoring format for the Global 5 test. The specific advantages for a company using the Global 5 test are: The data is empirical, the definition of a personality is clearly defined and not one-dimensional, the elements of personality are independent and the SLOAN notation system makes the testing a simple easy process. I have taken the Global 5 test and found the results to be impressive--the test nailed my personality perfectly--or should I say depicted the personality traits I like to think I have ("Global 5-SLOAN Multidimensional Typing System," n.d.)."
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Case Study: Rational Emotive Behavioral Therapy (REBT), 2008.
A case study, which uses rational emotive behavioral therapy (REBT) in treating the elderly.
1,745 words (approx. 7.0 pages), 7 sources, APA, AU$ 81.95
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Abstract
This paper describes Albert Ellis' rational emotive behavioral therapy (REBT). The author presents the case of client, David Youngblood, a 65-year-old retired, recently widowed, white male, who has no support network. The paper relates that the client has stated that he has guilt feelings of surviving his wife and that he has had thoughts of suicide.The paper concludes that REBT, the most assertive form of treatment, is needed because it can identify irrational thoughts and can encompass numerous therapeutic techniques.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Background of the Client
Theoretical Approach
Interventions
Multicultural/Diversity Sensitivity
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The elderly population of the United States is increasing by vast proportions due to the baby boomer generation, which will create the largest elderly generation the country has ever known. As part of this vast social group, Mr. Youngblood has developed his own ideas about his life and the responses that he should have to life based on ideas that are specific to this population. It is apparent that these ideas have likely come from many sources and that they have evolved over the life span."
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