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Disasters, 2008.
A review of the critical infrastructure and disasters that occurred recently in the United States.
1,108 words (approx. 4.4 pages), 3 sources, MLA, AU$ 55.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how the twenty-first century brought with it some challenging disasters; man made, technological, and natural. The paper notes that the worst of these in the minds of the public starts with Hurricane Katrina, and its devastating effects on the Gulf region and the City of New Orleans. There was, too, the technological "blackout" of much of the eastern seaboard in 2003, when circuits overloaded and crashed, leaving millions of people without electricity during one of the worst heat waves of the summer. The paper continues and looks at what has become the most visible and lasting disasters, a man made one, when the events of September 11, 2001, unfolded in New York City, Washington, D.C., and in Pennsylvania. The paper looks at how each of these events tested and tried the existing infrastructures of the places where the events took place. This paper examines whether or not American infrastructures have improved and are better prepared to deal with these kinds of events today.
Outline:
September 11, 2001
Hurricane Katrina
2003 Blackout
From the Paper
"Looking at the events of September 11, 2001, beginning in New York City; two commercial jetliners bound for destinations outside of New York were commandeered by terrorists, who then turned those passenger jets into flying weapons of mass destruction. Two planes hit the north and south towers of the World Trade Center, igniting jet fueled fires that completely destroyed both towers "
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Free Market Principles, 2008.
This paper discusses the promotion of the free market as a tool for the richest to promote their own well-being to the detriment of the poorest.
930 words (approx. 3.7 pages), 2 sources, MLA, AU$ 48.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that worldwide free market policies have been debated extensively for their help or hindrance in alleviating poverty, particularly in third-world countries. The writer points out that while some hold that the free market exists to provide all countries with the opportunity to compete worldwide and thus improve their economy, others hold that the policies related to this practice are fundamentally harmful for the economic development of specific countries. The writer maintains that both on a global scale and also in terms of simple humanity, it is without a doubt the ethical responsibility of the global rich to alleviate the suffering of the poor around the world. The writer concludes that rather than doing this via providing increasingly inadequate resources, a much more effective approach would be via a change in currently damaging policies.
From the Paper
"In principle, the free market philosophy promotes worldwide democracy and an equal opportunity for all countries to participate in the world economy. In reality, however, it appears that the promotion of the free market is merely another tool for the richest to promote their own well-being to the detriment of the poorest. Malawi, as recently reported in the New York Times, seems to be a case in point in substantiating this argument. While both political and economics issues are at stake, the most important in the Malawi case is the focus on ethics. Ethical issues relate not only to the world market and the responsibilities of the rich toward the poor, but also to individual countries and how they are governed."
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Memoirs of Bernardo Vega, 2008.
This paper reviews the book 'Memoirs of Bernardo Vega : A Contribution to the History of the Puerto Rican Community in New York' by Bernardo Vega.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 1 source, MLA, AU$ 45.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer looks at the book 'Memoirs of Bernardo Vega', which is an autobiography with the subtitle 'A Contribution to the History of the Puerto Rican Community in New York'. The writer notes that the time of the book is the end of the nineteenth and the beginning of the twentieth centuries. The writer discusses that while the book is called an autobiography, it has little about Vega's life in it and is instead a collection of observations the man made of life in his corner of New York City. The writer maintains that the book is timely today because it has so much information in it about the immigration system then in place, and that many of the issues facing the city then are similar to those raised about immigration today.
From the Paper
"As depicted by Vega, these factories had a more complex social structure than an outsider might assume was true. The factory had a committee that raised funds for supplying the revolution in the Antilles. The factory had a press representative whose job was to pass out the workers newspapers from different parts of the country. The workers had lengthy conversations about the issues of the day, which for them centered primarily on revolution in Cuba. Vega was also taken with the life of one of the primary leaders of the revolution, Jose Marti, who raised a great deal of money for the revolution."
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Israel Internal Security, 2008.
An examination of Israeli internal security and threats to the nation.
3,364 words (approx. 13.5 pages), 38 sources, MLA, AU$ 138.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses Israeli internal security. It begins by providing salient facts about Israel, such as geography, population, religion, constitution and legal system. It then discusses historical and contemporary threats to the nation and terrorist activity in the past decade. It examines military and non-military organizations in Israel and looks at their relationship with the US. The paper provides graphs.
Table of Contents:
Salient Facts
Threats To The State (Both Historical And Contemporary)
What Do The Leaders Consider The Principle Threats To Be
What Are The Recognized Threats
Organizations
Bombings / Attacks
Financing Of Terror Groups
The Principle, Non-Military Police And Intelligence Organizations
Incidents That Have Defined The Organizations
Internal Security Relationship With The US
Broad Relationship With US
Relations With International Police/Security Organizations
From the Paper
"The US in general has offered broad social, political and military support to Israel, almost since its evolution of it as a state began. The US support the economy, by offering preferential trade. It supports the military and intelligence communities. It frequently associated itself with Israeli goals, even when such goals are demonstratively disagreed upon by the international community."
Internal security relations with other states are also clearly imbedded, though the international community in general often seeks to admonish Israel for its actions, there is still a clear sense that most European nations are on its side with regard to protective actions. (Ben-Rafael 32)"
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Congressional Ethics, 2008.
A discussion of lobbying scandals, specifically those involving Jack Abramoff.
754 words (approx. 3.0 pages), 3 sources, MLA, AU$ 38.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the lobbying scandals involving Jack Abramoff and Ralph Reed that involved an Indian casino and the issue of sweatshop legislation in the island of Marianas. The paper examines the issue of lobbying and contends that the US legislature is in need of a stronger lobby regulation law that would ensure more transparency.
From the Paper
"Lobbying has been used for decades now to try to influence policy decision and policy making. In theory, the process takes into consideration a specific legal framework set rigorously by the legislative branch in any developed country. The US benefits from one of the strongest lobbying regulations in the world. Yet, there are scandals such as the Jack Abramoff Indian lobbying scandal which set in question the morality of the lobbying practice and its possible results."
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Rousseau and Marx on Alienation, 2008.
An examination of the philosophies of Jean-Jacques Rousseau and Karl Marx with respect to alienation.
3,029 words (approx. 12.1 pages), 5 sources, MLA, AU$ 129.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the philosophies of Jean-Jacques Rousseau and Karl Marx, particularly with respect to their concepts of alienation. It defines each man's conception of alienation and then discusses the respective political projects of each through the eyes of each man's conception of alienation. It discusses how their views affected the society around them.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Marx on Alienation
Rousseau on Alienation
Marx' Alienation Applied to Project
Rousseau's Alienation Applied to Project
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Both Rousseau and Marx developed independent theories of alienation that were compounded into political thought that shaped history and allowed each to be active participants in political and social change. Each had a vision of the alienation of the individual by various means of either force (Marx) or choice (Rousseau) that demonstratively affected the manner in which political and social thought emerged in their various circles. Marx, at the heart of the socialist revolution became a leading figure in Russian Reform, while Rousseau's political ideologies helped grease the wheels of the French revolution, and later reform in Poland. In brief, Marx believed that the individual was alienated as product of being separated from the means of production, by the force of control of the owner. While Rousseau believed that alienation was a choice made by those who chose to live in and build a society based on his form of social contract theory. (Smith, 2006, p. 270)"
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The International Relations Professional, 2008.
An introduction to the work of an international relations professional, specifically for the U.S. Department of State.
797 words (approx. 3.2 pages), 2 sources, MLA, AU$ 41.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the work of the professional international relations person. It looks more closely at the responsibilities and rewards of working in this exciting career and in the international community. It focuses on working for the U.S. Department of State. The paper also looks at recommendations for a non U.S. governmental professional embarking upon a career in international relations.
From the Paper
"However, working for the U.S. Department of State, one would have to subordinate their own political views to the presiding presidential administration's views and protocol. In other words, it would be necessary, at all times, to be support of the foreign and domestic policies of the United States, as held by the president, especially when the duties involve foreign nationals and dignitaries. It is not a matter of assimilating the politics of another; you may vote for whomever you choose, and support, privately, whatever party and philosophy you choose. Your professional poise and demeanor and mission must be that of the administration under whom your work as a professional international relations person is intended to serve, and whose goals and mission you must work towards. This is perhaps another matter to consider in deciding whether to go government, or private sector when pursuing your career opportunities."
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Resolving Conflicts, 2008.
A review and discussion on international conflict resolution.
2,600 words (approx. 10.4 pages), 5 sources, APA, AU$ 113.95
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Abstract
The paper states that there are several proven ways and means of arriving at closure for policymakers who wish to resolve conflicts, through political, economic, and military tools. The paper reviews some of those strategies and points out why these approaches have become more difficult since the onset of the Cold War. The paper comments that John J. Hamre and Gordon R. Sullivan, writing in "The Washington Quarterly" point out that Afghanistan is an example of a "failed state" that truly needs post-conflict reconstruction politically and socially, not just militarily. The paper continues on the subject of the Taliban.
From the Paper
"A second potential solution according to Hamre and Sullivan is to place a "quarantine" around the failed state. It is not an easy solution, because it entails massive transportation and communication resources, and any potential threats within the borders of the quarantined state must be monitored, intercepted, and those efforts require enormously expensive and risky operations on the part of the nation doing the blockade. Number three on the authors' list is to totally give up on the future viability of the failed state, and "carve it up" into pieces. "
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Administrative Policies to Fight Terrorism, 2008.
A discussion regarding the policies introduced by the US government in the fight against terror.
886 words (approx. 3.5 pages), 2 sources, APA, AU$ 45.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how, as a result of the tragic events of 9/11, the US government is attempting to reassure citizens of their safety by implementing additional laws and policies to curb terrorism. It continues with an analysis of articles written on this subject, concluding with the finding that a respectful partnership between law enforcement agencies and the public needs to be achieved.
From the Paper
"Terrorism is a problem that has always threatened democratic societies around the world. Events such as those on 9/11/2001 serve as a horrible reminder not only of collective political vulnerability, but also of individual mortality. The shock effect of the attacks therefore occurred on multiple levels. In its attempt to reassure citizens of their safety, the government has implemented additional laws and policies to curb terrorism. While this is a logical reaction to the culmination of the terrorist threat, one of the associated problems, according to Timothy Lynch (2002), is that the implemented laws and solutions have not been thoroughly enough investigated for their effectiveness. Indeed, these laws have been readily accepted by both government and citizens in a bid to reestablish a sense of security, often with detrimental consequences for constitutionally guaranteed rights and freedoms. Some critics therefore feel that policy changes should be implemented in the criminal justice system in order to more effectively counter the terrorism threat. These changes are to be based upon an investigation of current policies, their true level of effectiveness, and how they can be modified to more adequately serve their purpose within the context of a free society."
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Causes of the American Revolution, 2008.
This paper examines the causes of the American Revolution focusing on the related economic, social and political issues.
2,060 words (approx. 8.2 pages), 6 sources, MLA, AU$ 93.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses the causes of the American Revolution. The examination concentrates on the economic, social and political issues that led to the American Revolution. The writer maintains that the English government sought to control the economy of the colonies even when it became obvious that the colonists had the capacity to control their own economy. To guarantee economic control over the colonies the currency act and the stamp act were implemented. The writer concludes that both of these acts were met with opposition and became the catalysts for the American Revolution.
Outline:
Introduction
Causes of the American Revolution
Social and Political reasons for the American Revolution
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Control over colonial currency was also another economic issue that ultimately led to the American Revolution. The currency act was a major reason why there was economic conflict between the colonies and British Rule. According to an article found in the Yale Law Journal the English government wanted to ensure currency stability and for this purpose the Currency Act of 1751 was developed and applied to all of New England.
"The main thrust of the Currency act of 1751 was to forbid bills of credit from being legal tender for payment of private obligations. In addition the act prevented any extra time for the redeeming of outstanding bills, and made compulsory the instant removal from office of any governor who debased the Act."
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Political Science in the United States, 2008.
An examination of pluralism and the revitalization of social capital in the United States.
2,387 words (approx. 9.5 pages), 6 sources, APA, AU$ 106.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses pluralism and whether or not it is a fitting description of the American political system. It first discusses various views and compares them to each other.The paper then discusses views that call for the revitalization of social capital in the United States. It also describes the opposition to these views and the counter-views that are offered.
Table of Contents:
Pluralism in the United States
Revitalization of Social Capital in the United States
From the Paper
"It all comes down to the question of "who rules America" as so delicately phrased by Domhoff (2005). The American people should rule America, but realistically speaking we do not live in a utopian society, and power, politics and other factors always lead to social change that one can accept or that one can rebel against (Domhoff, 2005). Putnam's philosophies are beneficial, for he proposes many ideas that would benefit the American people including the concept or notion of civil associations and individuals that network with each other. We see some of this in the modern governmental and business relationships that go on globally. However, communities and societies in general are not yet at a point where this is happening and that is why Domhoff, Gaventa and others would argue against the philosophies provided by Putnam (2000)."
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Political Science, 2008.
A review of Iran's nuclear development program and the opposition to the program.
1,765 words (approx. 7.1 pages), 4 sources, MLA, AU$ 81.95
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Abstract
The paper introduces, discusses, and analyzes the topic of Iran and its nuclear development program and the tension that it is creating within Western nations. The paper notes that the Iranian government has been involved in nuclear enrichment and development for years, and has hidden the program for eighteen years. The United Nations Security Council has ordered Iran to stop nuclear enrichment, which Iran has refused, saying it needs nuclear power, and needs to control its use inside its borders. The paper comments that the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) has been involved in monitoring the situation in Iran and safeguarding nuclear sites in compliance with an international agreement, but Iran has refused to honor the UN and IAEA requests that it stop nuclear enrichment programs and stop building on a heavy water nuclear plant. The paper describes the debate and disagreement about how to deal with Iran and their nuclear program.
From the Paper
"While the IAEA is satisfied with some of Iran's policies, including Iran's experimenting with plutonium and the incidence of high-enriched uranium particles in the country. However, there are other issues that have not been resolved, including, "Iran's acquisition of centrifuge technology, contamination by highly-enriched uranium of samples taken at a university in Tehran, [and] Iran's possession of a document describing procedures for using uranium metal in hemispheres for a nuclear device and Iran's activities concerning polonium." While Iran has answered some of these lingering questions, they have not answered all of them, which makes many wonder about the exact intentions of the Iranian government, and leads them not to trust the government and to question its true intentions."
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Democracy - the Best System of Government?, 2008.
The paper examines the idea that democracy is a system of government that can be imposed on a state.
2,375 words (approx. 9.5 pages), 11 sources, MLA, AU$ 104.95
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Abstract
The author of the paper explores the idea that democracy, whilst widely accepted as being the ideal method of ruling a country, may not always be suitable for all states, peoples or situations. The writer also attempts to answer the question as to whether or not democracy can be imposed from without. The writer examines attempts to establish a democratic system of government in countries such as Iraq, Somalia, Sudan and South Africa amongst others. The author's conclusions regarding the attempt of western nations and the United Nations to establish democracy in states with no real history or culture of democracy are quite definite. He then continues and examines the reasons behind the apparent failure of democracy to take hold in such countries.
From the Paper
"The American view of democracy however was the one that would eventually prevail and would stand at the basis of the democratic system as it is today. The American Revolution, one of the few internal struggles of the young nation targeted precisely this establishment of the British democratic system. Its aim was to create a state power that would include the entire array of political and democratic forces that made up the society. In this sense, the term of good governance and power of the people became intrinsic values of the system the US tried to promote in the centuries following its constitution. At this moment in or history, these are the pillars of the notion of democracy as promoted throughout the world. They represent the emanation of a historical tradition of social responsibility, political accountability, and most importantly, respect for human and civil rights."
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The Underclass versus the Overclass, 2008.
An examination of the impact of policies to distribute funding to the underclass of society.
3,367 words (approx. 13.5 pages), 10 sources, MLA, AU$ 138.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the underclass of society versus the overclass. It discusses how policies are created distributing subsidy funding to try to improve the problems encountered by the underclass, but that this often results in a fear and distrust of members of the underclass. It questions whether these policies ameliorate or perpetuate the crime and behaviors of what has been termed this underclass of society.
From the Paper
"The conflict theory views society itself as several separate groups, many with conflicting and contrasting viewpoints and values. In this view the state is perceived as representing the interests of the overclass. In this justice system, laws are enacted in order to protect this class and their powerful and elitist interests. Punishment here is often based on more fungible variables and is inconsistent with a fixed system and more in line with a prejudicial overcompensating rule of law that uses variable such as race and social class to further exacerbate the punishment not truly fitting the crime. (Sampson, and Laub) The conflict viewpoint seems to fit the current situation more precisely."
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NATO and Afghanistan, 2008.
A examination of the success of NATO forces in Afghanistan.
2,218 words (approx. 8.9 pages), 15 sources, MLA, AU$ 99.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the role NATO holds, as an element in the Afghanistan war, due to the wide range of its activities and the resources it has at its disposal for the mission of creating a safe, viable, and functional state in Afghanistan. It also gives a background of the mission, the main aims set for the International Security Assistance Force, the results in terms of both successes and failures, and future actions needed to reach the final outcome set in the mission's statement.
Outline:
Background
NATO , success and failure
Bibliography
From the Paper
"There is a confusing aspect related to the actual ISAF mission which is generally viewed as being a UN force. However, it must be pointed out the fact that although it has the agreement of the United Nations and it is in full cooperation with the UN mission on the ground, its methods and actions are different from the ones typically used in UN missions. From this point of view, in order to assess the success of the NATO presence in Afghanistan, it is important to consider the areas in which it is involved. "
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Government Contracting and Green Buying, 2008.
A look at how governments can contribute towards protecting the environment.
912 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 5 sources, MLA, AU$ 47.95
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Abstract
This paper deals with the subject of increasing levels of pollution and diminishing resources of the natural environment. Its aim is to define the term 'Green buying' and link it to governmental procurement. Among other important issues, the report describes the reasons why the central authority must be involved in the environmental elements of the national society.
Outline:
Introduction
Definition of Green Power
Governmental Role
Conclusion
From the Paper
" Specialists in the field highlight the fact that the natural resources for the above mentioned elements would last for a limited number of years - let us say 30-50 years. But what happens after that? It is well known that energetic factors are a very delicate issue- petroleum and natural gas are topics that deploy wars and terror against entire countries. Corporations have made the first step in handling the case by focusing on the finding of new methods to create energy and replace the traditional energetic means. The 'Green power' includes factors like wind, bio-energy, geothermal, solar and hydroelectric energy. However, corporations are not alone in this struggle against the limited resources of Earth; Governments around the world try under different forms to create incentives or even enforce directives for enabling the focus on green products for the end consumer and third companies involved. In the next paragraphs, we shall tackle the Green power topics, briefly describing each element of the category and describe how Governments can induce the ecologic point of view in the national economies of states around the globe."
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