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The Solid State Physics of the Light Emitting Diode, 2002.
How LEDs work and their future.
2,006 words (approx. 8.0 pages), 5 sources, MLA, AU$ 79.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how light emitting diodes (LEDs) work, materials used to make them, their significance in everyday appliances, and what they may be used for in the future by employing new technologies. The full utility of these devices has not yet been realized; they are highly efficient and have many applications in illumination and storage technology. This paper ?sheds some light? on the many uses for this seemingly simple device.
From the Paper
"Before discussing semiconductors and semiconductor devices we should first cover the basics of conduction. Conductivity of a material is dependent on three factors. First is the number of charge carriers per unit volume or carrier density. Charge carriers can be electrons, holes or ions or any combination thereof. The second factor is the charge per carrier. This is typically measured in Coulombs so it is the elementary charge in the case of electrons and holes or is the charge of the ion in that case. The third factor is the charge mobility. This factor is a little more complicated and will be covered in more depth later. It is dependent, however, on acceleration of the carrier, dependent on electric field strength, and the average time between collisions, which is dependent on temperature and defect concentration. The conductivity is then the product of these three terms."
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Current and Future Trends and Applications in Nanotechnology, 2003.
A comprehensive review of the relevant literature to develop a better understanding of the emerging technology of nanotechnology.
2,287 words (approx. 9.1 pages), 13 sources, MLA, AU$ 88.95
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Abstract
This paper provides an insight into nanotechnology, an anticipated manufacturing technology that is intended to provide thorough, inexpensive control of the structure of matter through the manipulation of individual atoms. Topics discussed include the definition of nanotechnology, the ultimate goals, and potential hazards of the technology, as well as the companies, both privately and publicly owned, that are involved in the field. It looks at some of the products of nanotechnology and describes how nanotechnology can be used in our daily lives. It also discusses the role the government currently plays in funding research into nanotechnology applications. A summary of the research is provided in the conclusion.
From the Paper
"The term, ?nanotechnology,? was proposed by K. Eric Drexler. The Institute of Nanotechnology advises that nanotechnology can best be considered as a ?catch-all? phrase used to describe activities at the level of atoms and molecules that have applications in real world settings. A nanometer is a billionth of a meter (about 1/80,000 of the diameter of a human hair, or 10 times the diameter of a hydrogen atom) (Nanotechnology ? What Is It?, 2002). Nanomaterials are defined as particles having a size in the range of 1-100 nanometers that exhibit unique physical and electrochemical properties, thereby enabling the manufacture of stronger, harder, more wear-resistant materials."
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Dark Energy, 2003.
An overview of dark energy, the equation of state, and theories of universe expansion.
1,153 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 7 sources, MLA, AU$ 49.95
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Abstract
This paper describes dark energy, or anti-gravity, and debates theories of universe expansion, touching on Einstein's theory of relativity and cosmological constant. It also talks about the equation of state of the universe and its impact on universe expansion or contraction. It looks at how there are many theories about dark energy from the quintessence theory and the topological defect theory to the cosmological constant theory. It explains that, by analyzing the equation of state of this energy and evaluating current theories, scientists can construe a plausible theory for the fate of the universe.
From the Paper
"Physicists started negotiating and theorizing about the possibility of a dark energy around the turn of the century. One generally un-disproved theory from that time is that which relates the equation of state to the ?cosmological constant?. The cosmological constant (often called lambda) was proposed by Einstein in 1917 to make the universe unchanging in his equations (5). He was generally unsure of this idea, and rejected this theory shortly after it was determined that the universe is perpetually growing. However, his idea of a cosmological constant is currently applied to the universe in a slightly different way, setting the equation of state constant (5)(4). The current theories of dark energy date back to 1998 when supernovae were discovered to be dimmer than expected."
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Einstein's Theory of Relativity, 2000.
An analysis of the implications and applications of Einstein's relativity theory.
5,572 words (approx. 22.3 pages), 13 sources, MLA, AU$ 169.95
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Abstract
This paper primarily takes a look at how astronomy has been revolutionized by Einstein's relativity theory. It discusses the different methods of space travel and celestial observations and looks at the three basic parts of Einstein's relativity: time dilation, relativity of mass, and length contraction, as well as dealing with the implications these ideas have had on the macroworld, namely astronomy, and the microworld, often on the submolecular level.
From the Paper
"Special relativity, which is described first here, is more applicable to microscopic physics and situations that involve inertial frames of reference. Inertial frames of reference are scenarios where on object remains at rest in one frame and another object in a different frame moves at a constant velocity with respect to the first object. The three major tenets of Einstein?s special relativity are time dilation, relativity of mass, and length contraction. The equations that sprung from the concepts Einstein discussed in these three topics bridged Newtonian physics, or more accurately, refined it to the modern physics that is used today. However, because the physical concepts that Newton developed are applicable in most ?everyday? situations, it is still widely used in most areas of science."
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Theory of Everything, 2003.
An overview of the theories that explain everything from the workings of the universe to the behavior of tiny vibrating strings.
1,155 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 3 sources, MLA, AU$ 49.95
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Abstract
This paper expounds the ?Theory of Everything,? starting with the pioneering theories of Newton?s ?Laws of Motion? and Einstein?s ?General Theory of Relativity,? developing right through to the cutting-edge ?string theory? research currently being conducted around the world today. It shows the importance of fields of study as seemingly diverse as calculus, differential geometry, electromagnetism, particle physics and quantum mechanics to the development of a ?Theory of Everything?.
From the Paper
"However, there is a fundamental discord between Einstein?s ?Theory of General Relativity? and quantum mechanics. Einstein saw the universe in four dimensions (the three dimensions of space plus time). The gravitational force that binds matter to the earth stems from this space-time continuum. Since quantum mechanic?s subatomic particles only exist theoretically, they cannot be located in space-time and their motion can only be hypothesized. Thus, we have two theories that work individually but not together. There are also many unanswered questions. Relativity cannot tell us how the big bang created the universe or what black holes consist of. Similarly, quantum theory is not able to make order or sense of the assortment of miniscule matter it describes."
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The ?Theory of Everything? and Stock Markets, 2003.
The application of science's "Theory of Everything" to understanding stock markets.
2,066 words (approx. 8.3 pages), 6 sources, MLA, AU$ 81.95
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Abstract
This paper expounds the ?Theory of Everything,? starting with the pioneering theories of Newton?s ?Laws of Motion? and Einstein?s ?General Theory of Relativity,? developing right through to the cutting-edge ?string theory? research currently being conducted around the world today. It shows the importance of fields of study as seemingly diverse as calculus, differential geometry, electromagnetism, particle physics and quantum mechanics to the development of a ?Theory of Everything?. It also demonstrates how those with access to this theory can use the knowledge as power for anything, such as understanding stock markets using the premise that the stock market moving up over time means that these are not random movements and therefore should be explainable.
From the Paper
"Stock markets exist over time and space (the geographical markets) that we are able to quantify and understand to a degree. Therefore, as with Einstein, we are fairly comfortable with the stock market in its familiar four dimensions. We have become accustomed to inflation; the rising of prices of goods rise over time and this is obviously a major reason for at least part of the upward rise of share prices. However, what happens when we explore the smaller dimensions ? like the six unknown dimensions string theorists grapple with? Like the string theorists who know that subatomic matter exists but can?t explain or predict its behavior, we often know what influences the stock market but are usually unable to predict it."
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Copernicus, Kepler, Galileo, 2003.
A look at the philosophies and thoughts of Copernicus, Kepler, and Galileo.
2,000 words (approx. 8.0 pages), 11 sources, MLA, AU$ 79.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at how Copernicus, Kepler, and Galileo, all provided different proof, facts, and theories about the universe in support of a heliocentric universe. These three pioneers sparked the movement from the old world view to the new by proving the universe?s existence can be explained by scientific theories that are supported by mathematical equations.
From the Paper
"Thinkers during the medieval times grew up on Aristotelian physics. This Ptolemaic theory claimed that bodies of matter always moved to their natural places. This belief maintained that stones fell because their natural place was the center of the universe: the earth. Many people saw truth in this theory mainly due to a severe lack of education. In addition, the people of these times were highly dependent on guidance from the church. When the church claimed something to be true, then it was so even if the claim being made was completely void of any explanation: dogma."
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Einstein and Faith, 2002.
How have Einstein and contemporary physicists reconciled faith and science.
2,400 words (approx. 9.6 pages), 7 sources, AU$ 111.95
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Abstract
This ten-page undergraduate paper discusses how Einstein and contemporary physicists reconcile faith and science. They only do this for themselves; theologians are the ones who are forced to do the reconciliation.
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Religion and Science in Literature, 2002.
An analysis of the elements of religion and science in "Galileo, Science and the Church" by Jerome J. Langford and "On Crimes and Punishments" by Cesare Beccaria.
1,400 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 2 sources, AU$ 66.95
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Abstract
This paper will discuss the book "Galileo, Science and the Church" by Jerome J. Langford and "On Crimes and Punishments" by Cesare Beccaria. By understanding how both of these books seek to tell us how the world may view theories in the scheme of religion and science, we may have a better understanding of the issues that are at hand with these modes of thought.
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"Paradigm Shift", 2002.
An analysis of the "paradigm shift" in the "The Structure of Scientific Revolutions" by Thomas Kuhn.
650 words (approx. 2.6 pages), 1 source, AU$ 33.95
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Abstract
This paper will discuss the book "The Structure of Scientific Revolutions" by Thomas Kuhn and explain what he means by "paradigm shift" within the realm of interpretation of revolutions that occur in science-specifically- the Copernican Revolution. By examining how the relationships of the perceiver of the revolution helps to transform the revolution, we can see how this idea pertains to the way that ideas are influenced not only from the inventor or creator of the revolution itself, but in the efforts of others that support it.
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Inductive Reasoning, 2002.
An argument against Inductive Reasoning in the field of science.
650 words (approx. 2.6 pages), 2 sources, AU$ 33.95
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Abstract
This paper will discuss inductive reasoning and will establish a connection between science and how that relates to this way of testing within the field. By discovering the reasoning in this style, we can see how it may be a problem for science, as the definition of inductive reasoning clearly states that something must be studied from small to large, when we have not the faintest clue what is the smallest element of matter in the universe. An argument can be made for its invalidity when discussing this form of reasoning for its seemingly inconsistent basis.
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Comets, 2002.
Discusses the composition and history of the study of comets.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 5 sources, AU$ 44.95
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Abstract
This paper shall examine comets from a research perspective. It will present a very simplified explanation of the nature of the comet, as well as the role comets have played in human history.
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Planetary Vital Statistics, 2002.
An overview of the temperatures on Earth, Mars and Mercury, offered in table form.
1,400 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 1 source, AU$ 66.95
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Abstract
This paper provides three statistical tables that describe planetary temperatures of Earth, Mars, and Mercury. It includes a table that provides vital statistics for each of these three planets and as offers descriptions of the data provided. These descriptions elaborate on the data provided and discuss relations of planet temperature with location, proximity to the sun, rotation cycles and information about planetary axis.
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Nuclear Power: A Critical Evaluation, 2002.
Presents the pros and cons of nuclear power for electricity.
650 words (approx. 2.6 pages), 3 sources, AU$ 33.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses alternatives to nuclear power like fossil fuels, solar and hydroelectric power and describes the problem of waste disposal at the Yucca Mountain Repository for nuclear waste.
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Albert Einstein, 2002.
Discusses the life and times of 20th Century genius, Albert Einstein.
1,400 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 7 sources, AU$ 66.95
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Abstract
This paper presents an intellectual biography of Albert Einstein. It considers the influence of his society on his development and theories and the impacts of his theories on society and science.
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Albert Einstein, 2002.
A biography of the life and work of Albert Einstein.
1,400 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 10 sources, AU$ 66.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at Einstein's life. The effects of his early life and how that influenced his later work is looked at. This paper looks at his life as typical and extraordinary.
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