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GM Foods: A Right to Know, 2005.
Reviews the argument surrounding the labelling of genetically modified (GM) foods.
2,096 words (approx. 8.4 pages), 17 sources, MLA, AU$ 81.95
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Abstract
This paper argues that, although science has not established that genetically modified foods are dangerous and carry a health risk, they should be labeled because they may contain ingredients that cause allergies. It explains that consumer laws state that people have a right to information regarding the products they purchase; not informing consumers deprives them of their right to free choice.
From the Paper
"People are worried about the food they eat, the water they drink and the air they breathe. They have a right to be as in recent years, it seems to observers, that the rates of diseases such as cancer have increased tremendously and that new diseases, previously unheard of, such as Mad Cow and Sars, are threatening lives and health. It may be that people are healthier now than they ever previously were but, many do not think so and are very anxious about the spread of these deadly diseases. More importantly, many assume that these diseases are spread through the food that we eat. Needless to say, this has created greater consumer interest in the types of food purchased and consumed. Much of this interest is focused on genetically modified foods. Genetic modification according to Mark Tester, a professor of plant sciences at Cambridge University, is the heritable alteration of genes. The definition provided offers a very good clue why people fear GM foods and believe that they have harmful effects on the health. Quite simply stated, they are not natural foods but foods that have been created through human sciences that changed the biological make up of these foods. Some, including scientists, insist that these foods are safe. Dan Ferber, a science writer, insists on the safety of GM foods, further arguing that the current genetically modified foods are nothing more than an advance on techniques of improving crops and crop types that have existed and been practices over the centuries (1663-1664)."
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History of Tea in the United Kingdom, 2004.
An examination of the importance of tea to the British from an economic and social perspective.
2,301 words (approx. 9.2 pages), 10 sources, MLA, AU$ 89.95
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Abstract
This paper provides an overview of how tea was first introduced to the United Kingdom, a discussion of its social significance and impact, followed by a summary of the research in the conclusion.
From the Paper
"To the scientific community, it is the Camellia sinensis (Sivasubramaniam 2004); to school children in the United States, it was one of the causes of the American Revolution and was the focus of a historically significant "party" in Boston to protest British taxation of the colonies (Weinstein 2001); to a legion of faithful in the United Kingdom, though, it is delicious and ubiquitous tea. What is it about this modest beverage that is made by simply steeping leaves in hot water that attracts 90 percent of the world's population (Lane 1993)?"
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Beta-Hydroxy-Beta-Methylbutyrate, 2001.
Examines this nutritional supplement and explores its use.
3,163 words (approx. 12.7 pages), 12 sources, APA, AU$ 114.95
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Abstract
HMB (beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate) is a patented amino acid metabolite that was discovered at Iowa State University. Supplemental HMB increases lean muscle mass, strength, and VO2 Max, while increasing fat loss. This paper examines the scholarly and peer-reviewed literature and relevant online sources to determine just what HMB is, how it works, and who should or should not use it. A summary of the research and salient findings are provided in the conclusion. The paper includes an appendix, "Comparison of Daily Costs of Various Nutrition Supplements Used by Athletes," which is not included in the word count
From the Paper
"HMB is produced naturally by the human body and can also be found in foods like catfish and grapefruit; however, it may not be practical or advantageous for athletes to consume these foods on a regular basis (Armsey & Green, June 1997, 9). HMB is used in order to boost strength levels, enhance muscle gains in size and prevent muscle tissue breakdown which can occur during periods of intensive exercising because scientists believe that HMB aids in the body's attempt to minimize protein breakdown. By minimizing the breakdown, HMB helps the body recover faster from exercise and leads to quicker strength and muscle gains. In sports and body building circles, HMB is known for its ability to promote fat loss and enhance muscle growth. HMB appears to upgrade the body's natural potential to build muscle and burn body fat by minimizing the muscle tissue breakdown that occurs after intense exercise sessions."
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Problems of African Food Supply, 2005.
Studies the development of new foods and distribution systems in a bid to find a solution to Africa's growing food problem.
1,686 words (approx. 6.7 pages), 20 sources, MLA, AU$ 68.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the problems facing the African food supply. Genetically altered crops are studied as a way to help fight famine in many parts of Africa. The study of native foods is integrated into the paper, and specific countries are presented as case studies. Various works are cited in order to look at several possibilities to resolve the problems in Africa.
From the Paper
"In Ghana during the green revolution, there was a push to try for mechanized agriculture, and produce monoculture crops. During the drive, thousands of people were displaced by the Volta dam, which went into use in 1990. The government created 52 townships in order to relocate indigenous people (AppiahOpoku 2004). During this time, Ghana made no attempt to judge the environmental impacts of the project. This decision would destroy a great deal of biodiversity, and at the same time, put skepticism into the minds of farmers. Indigenous ecological knowledge (IEK) was not used and the biodiversity was hurt (AppiahOpoku 2004)."
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Physiologically Appropriate Activities for Childhood Development, 2003.
An examination of effective, physiologically appropriate, sports activities for childhood development.
1,300 words (approx. 5.2 pages), 4 sources, APA, AU$ 54.95
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Abstract
In their rush to grow up, many young children may inadvertently engage in sporting activities that may not be physiologically appropriate for their developing bodies, and accidents, injuries, or other adverse consequences, including death, may result. To this end, this paper provides a review of the relevant and scholarly literature to identify physiologically appropriate sports activities for children, followed by a summary of the research in the conclusion.
From the Paper
"Children are at increased risk of heat injury because their compensatory mechanisms are much less efficient than those in adults. Children produce greater heat loads, are less efficient at transferring heat away from muscles, sweat less, and drink less. Heat injury appears in many forms. The mildest form is in reduced exercise tolerance; this can be manifest as just a feeling general feeling of being tired. Some of the more severe forms of heat injury are discussed below."
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Leisure and Long-Term Health, 2004.
A look at past and present research with regards to leisure effects on health.
5,008 words (approx. 20.0 pages), 60 sources, APA, AU$ 158.95
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Abstract
This paper is a research literature review of studies done concerning the effect of leisure on health. Theories of leisure are described and related to the topic. The paper discusses the effects on both physical and mental health of individuals. Ideas for future research are presented at the end of the paper.
From the Paper
"Long-term health is becoming a more prevalent issue in the United States than ever before. In the US it is projected by the Census Bureau that by the year 2020, 17.7% of the population will be 65 years of age or over and that this figure will grow to 22.9% in 2050 (Kwai-Sang Yau & Packer, 2002). Life expectancy in the United States is currently approximately 80 years from birth (NCHS, 2004). Though these numbers are definitely promising they may be a bit misleading. The increase in life expectancy seems to be more of a product of other factors such as medical advances and less of a derivative of increased leisure activity. Also, life expectancy does not take into account quality of life. Mental Happiness is just as important throughout the life-cycle as physical health. People are living to 80 years old, but they may be suffering from many different ailments as a result of an unhealthy lifestyle or general consequences of aging. Medical science can treat those ailments enough to keep people alive, but in many cases they cannot be cured and people have to live with their effects and the unhappiness they bring with them. That is why leisure activity participation must be looked at as a possible solution to health problems in later life. To truly get to the heart of the problem, leisure activites? involvement in health related matters throughout the lifespan must be dissected."
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Food in ?The Odyssey?, 2003.
An analysis of the representation of food in Homer's "Odyssey".
1,349 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 0 sources, AU$ 56.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how Homer?s "Odyssey" is superimposed on the backdrop of a typical ancient Greek society. It looks at how the main character, Odysseus, and his companions travel from place to place on their way to their hometown of Ithaka. Many people host them in a show of hospitality common to ancient Greece; a large part of this hospitality involves the preparation of feasts and giving each guest an ample amount of food. It shows how, although food is positively associated with the Greek tradition of hospitality, Homer uses it negatively in the "Odyssey" to represent the gluttony, lack of self-control, and lack of civility of various characters.
From the Paper
"Upon landing their ship on an island of Lotus-eaters, Odysseus? own men engage in a gluttonous feast of lotus fruit, which causes them to neglect their duties to Odysseus. They are so hypnotized by the delicious taste that ??any of them who ate the honey-sweet fruit?was unwilling to take any message back, or to go away, but they wanted to stay there with the lotus-eating people, feeding on lotus, and forget the way home? (IX:94-97). Odysseus, the leader of the group and at this point the only man in full possession of his faculties, finally takes them back ??weeping, by force, to the ships? under the rowing benches and tied them fast, then gave the order?to embark on the ships in haste, for fear someone else might taste of the lotus and forget the way home?? "
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Obesity in Adolescents in Palm Beach County, 2004.
Presents a community needs assessment regarding the need for programs to address obesity in Palm Beach County.
1,400 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 13 sources, APA, AU$ 58.95
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Abstract
This doctoral project focuses on determining if there is a need to educate adolescents, ages twelve through nineteen, in Palm Beach County, Florida, on the health risks of obesity and methods to prevent obesity. The targeted population consists of adolescents, without regard to race, gender, or socioeconomic class.
Introduction and Target Population Defined
Community Perception and Environmental Factors
Indicators of Health Status
Ideal Levels of Health Status
MAPP Committee
Sample Student Survey
From the Paper
"The US Census Bureau (2000) reports 63,868 children between the ages of ten and nineteen living in Palm Beach County for the year 2000. The National Center for Health Care Statistics reported for the year 2002 that eleven percent of American Children between the ages of twelve and nineteen are obese and children ten to twelve have similar statistics. This means that approximately over 7,000 children in Palm Beach County are obese with significant health risks."
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Food, Drink, and Consumer Demand, 2004.
A look at the influence of diets on the food and drink industry.
1,200 words (approx. 4.8 pages), 8 sources, MLA, AU$ 51.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how food and drink providers are bending to consumer demand and realizing they have to provide low-carbohydrate alternatives if they are to compete in the ever-changing marketplace. It looks at how restaurants are introducing their Atkins-approved menus and South Beach Diet alternatives and how several new alcoholic drinks have been introduced, which are designed to piggyback on the popularity of a low-carb lifestyle. It shows how these industries are under the influence of the ?Low Carb Effect? and how this shift in preference has come about from the realization that America is getting fatter.
From the Paper
"Fast food companies are quick to realize the health trend is affecting them as well. They have followed their counterparts, food manufactures, in change. Americans are starting to see menus that incorporate low-carb choices. The fast food industry is already starting to broaden its appeal to consumers with entree-sized salads, low carbohydrate meals, and the famous ?bunless burger?. These alternative choices are aimed at the health set, women, and young adults (Chan 2004). McDonalds, the largest restaurant, evaluated their current menu options for the on-the-go dieter, and decided to dabble in the low-carb market. Their improvements are helping the fast food giant rebound from the mid-May lows. Figure 2 depicts the McDonalds Corporation?s last six months."
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Bulimia Nervosa, 2004.
A psychological overview of this eating disorder.
3,400 words (approx. 13.6 pages), 8 sources, APA, AU$ 120.95
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Abstract
Bulimia Nervosa is an eating disorder characterized by eating binges. These binges are then followed by either purging or non-purging behaviors. The etiology is unknown for this disorder, but genetic and neuro-chemical factors have been implicated. The paper begins by presenting an overview of this disorder. It then discusses several articles on bulimia nervosa and includes an interview with a nurse and a bulimic sufferer.
From the Paper
"The treatment of bulimia nervosa should address both the physical and psychological needs of the person. The desired outcome is to restore their physical health and normal eating habits. Medical therapy with fluoxetine and fluvoxamine has been successful in treating bulimia with studies consistently showing that psychotherapy is most effective in reducing and even eliminating binge-purge behavior. Antidepressants are also reported to reduce binge eating, vomiting, and depression, but they also are reported to improve eating habits, although their impact on body dissatisfaction is still unclear (Foster)."
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Food and Drink in Ancient Rome, 2004.
An in-depth look at the eating habits and dietary make-up of the ancient Romans.
16,650 words (approx. 66.6 pages), 53 sources, APA, AU$ 311.95
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Abstract
This dissertation discusses the culinary and food habits of the ancient Romans, with special emphasis on the history of wine, olives and olive oil, and bread and baking. The paper also examines typical recipes that provided for the early Roman cuisine. It includes numerous photographs, illustrations, and archaeological findings.
From the Paper
"As the flour milling techniques became more refined, the Romans began to produce top quality bread by singly finely milled wheat flour. This flour was called siligo. The bread that came from it was called Panis Siligineus. The first word means bread in Latin; the second denotes the type of grain from which the bread was made. There was another type of bread that could be considered an Egyptian import. This was called Alexandrian bread due to the crust that was created in Alexandria from local wheat. (Dl.ket.org, 2001)"
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Nutrition and Physical Fitness, 2004.
Provides an overall definition of physical fitness that is not limited to the concept of achieving one's ideal weight.
1,525 words (approx. 6.1 pages), 3 sources, MLA, AU$ 63.95
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Abstract
This paper talks about the importance of proper nutrition in the physical fitness formula. The paper points out that the current and long-lasting trend in physical fitness, which places strong emphasis on what not to eat in order to achieve a desired weight, will not lead to true physical well-being. The paper talks about the importance of proper nutrition and how it relates to physical fitness and highlights the different components of good nutrition.
From the Paper
"In today?s cultural climate, especially in popular print and television media, most of the discourse on the topic of ?diet,? is focused on the concepts of ?exclusion.? In fact, some might argue that this narrow collective attention on ?what must be eliminated? from diet, stems, not from the value of health and optimum physical performance, but from the specific and limited goal of weight loss to the exclusion of all else. Although there can be little doubt that the current national obesity epidemic is a serious problem, exclusive focus on negative diet discourse, i.e. ?Stop eating that!? causes considerable confusion about just what one should eat to ensure total physical fitness. After all, optimum weight is only one component of overall health and wellness."
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The "South Beach Diet", 2003.
Reviews Miami cardiologist Dr. Arthur Agatston's book, "The South Beach Diet".
2,750 words (approx. 11.0 pages), 6 sources, APA, AU$ 103.95
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Abstract
This paper provides an overview of how the South Beach Diet is supposed to work, sample glycemic-index values for everyday foods and sugars, an assessment of the efficacy of the diet, followed by a summary and recommendations in the conclusion.
From the Paper
"According to Agatston, people should eat more foods that are low on the index if they want to lose weight and boost their heart health--oat-bran bread and spinach, for example, instead of biscuits and French fries. In order to prevent the uncontrollable bursts of hunger brought on by low blood sugar, dieters should also snack regularly on low-GI foods like peanuts instead of high-GI choices like pretzels (Mullich, 2003, p. 150)."
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Breastfeeding and IQ, 2004.
This paper is a literature review to determine if infants who are breastfed tend to have higher IQs as they mature.
1,530 words (approx. 6.1 pages), 8 sources, APA, AU$ 63.95
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Abstract
The paper reports that the review of the literature suggests, not only a correlation between breastfeeding and an increased IQ, but also researchers have developed sound theories about the cause of this correlation. The author points out that current studies suggest that it is the chemistry of the milk itself, rather than the bonding that occurs during nursing, that increases IQ. The paper stresses that demonstrating links between breastfeeding and IQ should encourage all mothers who can to breastfeed, and those who cannot, or choose not to, to select formulas that are as chemically close as possible to breast milk.
From the Paper
"It is important to note that other studies refute this finding ? or at least call into question the overall importance (over the course of the entire lifespan) of breastfeeding in terms of increased IQ. While other research has correlated the findings of the New Zealand study that breastfeeding does provide an initial advantage to children, this advantage is reduced over time. Such a finding again underscores the complexity of attempting to determine what accounts for human intelligence (setting aside for the moment the fact that ?intelligence? itself is a complex concept that has a number of different definitions, none of which works as well in all cultures). Certainly, it is possible that any benefits vis-?-vis raised IQ that a child receives because of breastfeeding may well be wiped out later on, if ? for example ? the child is severely abused."
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Dying to be Thin: How Hollywood Influences Our Self-Image, 2004.
Discussion of eating disorders, such as starving, bingeing, and purging.
3,499 words (approx. 14.0 pages), 12 sources, APA, AU$ 123.95
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Abstract
This is a research paper that examines the various forms of Hollywood media and investigates whether there is a direct correlation between the images the media portrays as 'ideal' and eating disorders. The paper is written from the point of view of the author, who has suffered from eating disorders for 10 years. With the assumption that Hollywood does have an influence on body image and self-esteem, the paper addresses the question, "Does Hollywood influence our own self-esteem and body image?
From the Paper
"Today eating disorders constitute a major health concern. According to the National Eating Disorders Organization, between 5 million and 10 million girls and women, and 2 million boys and men have some type of eating disorder. As many as 15 percent of the men and women, boys and girls, who are diagnosed as having anorexia nervosa will die from that disorder. An amazing 1 out of 5 college-aged women are engaging in some form of bulimic behavior (binging and purging)."
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Sports Science and Sports Medicine, 2004.
An overview of sports/exercise science and medicine, two fields that have only recently begun consolidating into distinct professions.
2,272 words (approx. 9.1 pages), 6 sources, APA, AU$ 88.95
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Abstract
Sports has become a multi-billion-dollar business, and the ever-increasing competitiveness and challenges, both mental and physical, faced by the modern sportsperson has increased the need for a medical and scientific support system for athletes. This paper discusses two fields that have developed from this need: sports science and sports medicine. The paper shows that they are interrelated, the former being more of an investigative and experimental area, while the latter deals with the implementation of the knowledge and techniques developed by sports science.
From the Paper
"High quality sports performance depends largely on an individual?s movement pattern and is usually referred to as technique. Good technique not only produces an effective performance but also reduces the risk of injury. The effect of physical forces on the movement and on the size, shape and structure of the body is scientifically studied by biomechanists today in an attempt to help optimize athletic technique. (Stein, 2003) Through qualitative analysis via direct observation on film or video tape, a biomechanist will study an athlete?s performance with a view to diagnosing any problems which might be limiting sporting potential. In close consultation with the athlete?s coach, training patterns may be altered to incorporate elements which may help to rectify the problem."
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